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The purpose of the article is to identify and look into the function of a number of means of legal international cooperation in administrative law. In this discussion on function, the roles and the interplay of the different tools are highlighted as striking a balance between international cooperation, national self-determination and individual rights. Within this theoretical framework, two main types of tools are discussed with examples from environmental law, transport law, and social security law. First, tools related to the establishment of administrative networks are dealt with. Here, international organisations as a framework for administrative cooperation and other network cooperation structures are highlighted. Second, tools relating to an administrative conflict of laws perspective are treated. Here, situations of coordination, recognition of foreign decisions, harmonisation, and application of foreign law in the administrative field are explored. It is concluded that the use of the different tools make possible a balancing of the conflicting interests of international cooperation and national self-determination. Furthermore, in the legal fields treated in the article, it is difficult to see that administrative action entirely leaves the connection to the state. Rather, in the discussed examples, various structures of cooperation mean that national administrative bodies engage in international contacts as an important part of fulfilling their tasks in the national systems.

BBMRI.se

Rapporten tillämpar främst EU-rättslig metod och presenterar risker. I de fall risker noterats finns förslag till åtgärder. Lissabonfördraget öppnar nya möjligheter att aktivt värna om den svenska grundlagsskyddade yttrandefriheten. Det finns en risk för konflikt mellan modellerna och EU:s dataskyddsdirektiv. Möjligen behövs en ny hänvisning till PuL i grundlagen för de fall då yttranden inte med stöd i dataskydds­direktivets artikel 9 kan undantas från direktivets tillämpnings­område. Ansvarsmodellens krav på ansvarig utgivare med svenskt hemvist riskerar att stå i strid med EU-rättens krav på fri rörlighet för varor och tjänster. Vi föreslår därför en komplettering till ansvars­modellen. Det är inte möjligt att nå trygg förvissning om att en viss grundlagsreglering av yttrandefriheten är förenlig med EU-rätten. Vid en eventuell konflikt bör svenska domstolar inhämta förhands­avgörande, men bör då också ställa sina frågor till EU-domstolen på ett sätt som värnar den svenska grundlagen. Domstolarna har också ur svensk synvinkel möjlighet att med hänvisning till svensk grundlag frångå den handlingslinje som följer av ett givet förhands­avgörande., Rapporten är ställd till Yttrandefrihetskommittén, en parlamentarisk kommitté, och finns tillgänglig på http://www.sou.gov.se/yttrandefrihet/.

This dissertation examines the status and role of fundamental social rights in a Swedish context. The point of departure is Chapter 1, Article 2, para. 2 in the Swedish Instrument of Government, where important social rights are articulated as fundamental goals for society: the right to social assistance, the right to shelter and the right to health. As these rights are”goals”, the state and its authorities shall strive to achieve them. They are not formulated as individual rights in the constitution and are not invocable before the courts. In order to analyse the constitutional choice to keep these rights outside the Swedish “Bill of Rights” in Chapter 2 of the Instrument of Government, the constitutions of Canada, Finland and South Africa are studied. The Swedish constitutional context is highly dependant on international obligations in international conventions and the fact that Sweden is a member of the European Union. Changes and trends concerning access to and content of social rights in public international law are traced via the United Nation’s two conventions for human rights, as well as through the conventions of the Council of Europe. The conclusion is that social rights today are being defined in a clearer way than before. Individuals and groups also have wider possibilities to make complaints concerning violations of these rights. A very important factor for this is the evolving view of non discrimination in public international law. Non discrimination is also the point of departure for the strengthening of access to social rights in the European Union. Through the four freedoms of European Community law, the individual has been given individual rights. Today this picture is widened thanks to the citizenship of the European Union and to the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights. We can therefore start considering social human rights in the EU. The conclusion is that the Swedish constitution does not handle the constraints that public international law and th

Ingår i Tre rapporter till Grundlagsutredningen, Statens offentliga utredningar 2008:43.

RiR 2004:28