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Six new metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely,[Pb(H2IDC)2(H2O)]n(1), {[Pb(H2IEDC)2)]·3H2O}n(2), [Ca2(HIDC)2(H2O)]n(3), {[Ca2(IEDC)2(H2O)2]·H2O}n(4), {[Cd(HIDC)(H2O)]n(5), and {[Cd2(HIEDC)2·3H2O}n(6) (H3IDC = 4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid, H3IEDC = 2-ethyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylicacid) were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized. Single-crystalX-ray diffraction shows the ligand H3IDC is partially deprotonatedwith H2IDC–and HIDC2–forms in three corresponding compounds 1, 3, and 5, meanwhile ligand H3IEDC also presentsdifferent deportonated motifs of H2IEDC–, IEDC3–, and HIEDC2–in 2, 4, and 6, respectively. Moreover,these partially or fully deportonated ligands coordinate in the μ1to μ5manner to generate one-dimensional(1D) → three-dimensional (3D) coordination polymers, displaying10 different coordination modes. Both 1and 2have 3D supramolecular networks assembled via hydrogen bonding interactionsbut different in structure topologies. Complex 1is a1D coordination chain and 2has a two-dimensional (2D)wave layer-like structure with 44topology. Complex 3is a 3D MOF with 310·425·510topology built up from linear 2-connected HIDC2–as a linker and 10-connected tetranuclear metal unit [Ca4(μ2-O)6] as a node. However, complex 4presents a 2D MOF with 36·46·53topology. Different from 3and 4, with the 4-connected binuclear metal unit [Cd(O–C–O)]2as a node, a wave-like 2D MOF with 44topologyin 5based on H3IDC is created. Complex 6shows a 3D coordination framework containing 1D alternatelyarranged hydrophilic channels including (H2O)4clusters and hydrophobic channels partially occupied by ethyl groupsfrom imidazole rings, in which the Cd(II) ion is viewed as a 4-connectednode, and HIEDC2–and μ2-O areregarded as two different linkers, 6showing 42·84topology. Obviously, these results reveal thatthe existence of the substitute groups of 2-position in such 4,5-imidazoledicarboxylateligand plays a critical role in the structural direction of theseMOFs. Meanwhile, the adsorption and photoluminescent properties ofthe selected compounds are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for plants, which plays an important role in photosynthesis, respiration and antioxidant system. It is a vital component of many enzymes, involved in various plant physiological and biochemical reactions. However, due to the extensive use of Cu-containing pesticides and the discharge of Cu-containing pollutants into the environment, Cu pollution has aroused people's attention owing to its deleterious effects on animals and plants. In plants, excess Cu can cause phytotoxicity by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), inactivating enzymes and disintegrating protein structures. To cope with changes in Cu levels in the environment, plants try to precisely regulate Cu homeostasis through multiple regulatory mechanisms. In this paper, the biological function of Cu, the toxicity of excess Cu to plants, the transport process of Cu in plants and the mechanism of plant detoxification and tolerance to Cu stress are reviewed. Moreover, the potential research direction for better understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of Cu stress tolerance in plants is proposed. • We elaborated the occurrence pathway of copper toxicity, which is conducive to the development of subsequent studies. • The focus of future research on copper stress is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brain cancer is a deadly disease with low survival rates for over 70 % of patients. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop better treatment methods and strategies to improve patient outcomes. In this study, we explored the tumor microenvironment and discovered unique characteristics of microglia to interact with astrocytoma cells and promote proliferation and migration of collisions. The conditioned medium from the collisions expressed cell chemoattraction and anti-inflammatory responses. To further understand the interactions between microglia and astrocytoma cells, we used flow sorting and protein analysis found that the protein alterations were related to biogenesis in the astrocytoma cells and metabolic processes in the microglia. Both types of cells were involved in binding and activity in cell-cell interactions. Using STRING to demonstrate the protein cross-interaction between the cells. Furthermore, PHB and RDX interact with oncogenic proteins, which were significantly expressed in patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and low-grade glioma (LGG) according to GEPIA. To study the role of RDX in chemoattraction, the inhibitor-NSC668394 suppressed collision formation and migration in BV2 cells in vitro by down-regulating F-actin. Additionally, it suppressed macrophage infiltration in infiltrating islands in vivo of intracranial tumor-bearing mice. These findings provide evidence for the role of resident cells in mediating tumor development and invasiveness and suggest that potential interacting molecules may be a strategy for controlling tumor growth by regulating the infiltration of tumor-associated microglia in the brain tumor microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A series of phenylurea hydroxamic acids have been synthesized. • These synthetics were evaluated for antiproliferative, HDAC isoform activity, VEGFR-2 activity, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells activity. • Compound 14 not only inhibits HDAC but also has slight VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. A series of phenylurea hydroxamic acids incorporating pharmacophores of inhibitors of HDAC inhibitors and VEGFR-2 has been designed. Most of the compounds show antiproliferative activity comparable to that of Vorinostat and Sorafenib, and better EPC inhibitory activity. Enzymatic assays and Western blotting results indicated that compound 14 not only inhibits HDAC but also has slight VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. A docking study revealed that the polar hydroxamic acid retains the interaction with HDAC through a zinc ion and also interacts with some residues of the active site of VEGFR-2. Despite 14 displaying a weaker VEGFR-2 activity, a possible route to develop potent HDAC/VEGFR-2 inhibitors is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of C6-substituted N -hydroxy-2-quinolineacrylamides (3 – 15), with four types of bridging groups have been synthesized. Most of these compounds exhibit antiproliferative activity against A549 and HCT116 cells and Western blot analysis revealed that they are able to inhibit HDAC. Measurement of the HDAC isoform activity of ether-containing compounds showed that compound 9 has distinct HDAC6 selectivity, more than 300-fold over other isoforms. This paper describes the development of 6-aryloxy- N -hydroxy-2-quinolineacrylamides as potential HDAC6 inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pristimerin (Pris), a bioactive triterpenoid compound extracted from the Celastraceae and Hippocrateaceae families, has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer property on various cancers. However, the effects of Pris on esophageal cancer are poorly investigated. This current study sought to explore the activity and underlying mechanism of Pris against human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. We demonstrated that Pris showed cytotoxicity in TE-1 and TE-10 ESCC cell lines, and significantly inhibited cell viability in a concentration dependent manner. Pris induced G0/G1 phase arrest and triggered apoptosis. It was also observed that the intracellular ROS level was remarkedly increased by Pris treatment. Besides, the function of Pris mediating the activation of ER stress and the inhibition of AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway in TE-1 and TE-10 cells was further confirmed, which resulted in cell growth inhibition. And moreover, we revealed that all of the above pathways were regulated through ROS generation. In conclusion, our findings suggested that Pris might be considered as a novel natural compound for the developing anti-cancer drug candidate for human esophageal cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that systemic inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers, along with derived indices, could serve as predictors for sarcopenia in cancer population. This study aimed to compare these predictors, focusing on the nutritional risk index (NRI) and evaluate its diagnostic value, for sarcopenic patients without cancer., Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study included 1674 participants. Sarcopenia is defined by skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Laboratory data reflected the values of systemic inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers, from which the derived indices were calculated. Multiple logistic regression analysis, ROC curve analysis, and the Youden index were utilized to assess the association between these markers and sarcopenia and determine the cutoff value for predicting sarcopenia., Results: Among all participants (1110 men and 564 women, mean age 61.97 ± 9.83 years), 398 individuals were diagnosed with sarcopenia, indicating a prevalence of 23.78% in China's middle-aged and elderly population without cancer. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations between all biomarkers and derived indices with sarcopenia. Following adjustment for potential confounders, lower NRI values were significantly associated with a higher incidence of sarcopenia. For sarcopenia diagnosis, the area under the curve (AUC) for NRI was 0.769 ([95% CI, 0.742, 0.796], P < 0.001), with a cutoff value of 106.016, sensitivity of 75.6% and specificity of 66.1%. NRI demonstrated greater predictive advantage for sarcopenia incidence in men compared to women., Conclusion: A lower NRI value was associated with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia. NRI shows promise for early, rapid, and effective sarcopenia screening, particularly in China's middle-aged and elderly male population without cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that this research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest., (© 2024 Zou et al.)

Pure rotational transitions of the ClSO radical have been observed by Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy. a-type and b-type transitions, for both 35 Cl and 37 Cl isotopologues, were detected, and the observed very complicated fine and hyperfine components were assigned well. The intensities of the observed spectra of the two isotopologues correspond to the ratio of the isotope abundances of 35 Cl and 37 Cl. A total of 21 molecular constants were determined precisely for both 35 ClSO and 37 ClSO, including the rotational constants, centrifugal distortion constants, electronic spin-rotation constants, nuclear spin-rotation constants, magnetic hyperfine constants, and quadrupole coupling constants of chlorine. The molecular constants show ClSO to have the 2 A'' electronic ground state with an out-of-plane unpaired electron. The spin density of the chlorine atom is about 10.6%, which is similar to that of the fluorine atom for FSO, about 8%. Results of the ClSO radical are compared with those of other triatomic radicals with similar structures, the XSS, XSO, and XOO radicals with X = H, F, and Cl, leading to a conclusion that the ClSO radical is more like FSO, but fairly different from the FOO and ClOO radicals.

Pure rotational transitions of two conformers of the CH 2 CHCO radical have been observed by Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy, where one conformer is called the s- trans -3-propenalyl radical and the other the 3-propenolyl radical. The observed two conformers have different electronic states. The former, the s- trans -3-propenalyl radical, has the 2 A' electronic state and can be written as CH 2 CHĊO, where the unpaired electron resides mainly on the terminal CO carbon. On the other hand, the latter, 3-propenolyl radical has the 2 A'' electronic state and can be written as ĊH 2 CHCO. We were able to observe pure rotational transitions of the two conformers. Since both of the species have an unpaired electron, there exist spin-rotation interactions due to the unpaired electron and the magnetic hyperfine interactions due to the three coupling protons. The observed very complicated spectra, caused by these interactions, were assigned, leading to detailed molecular constants including the fine and hyperfine coupling constants for both of the species. The determined molecular constants support the electronic structures of the two conformers. There exists a controversy as to which of the two conformers is the lowest energy one. Our present observation led to the conclusion that s- trans -3-propenalyl is the lowest energy conformer.

Abstract: Primary cardiac chondrosarcoma invading the right pulmonary vein is very rare, whereas secondary cardiac chondrosarcoma is relatively common. We reported the 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings of primary cardiac chondrosarcoma and pulmonary inflammation misdiagnosed as cardiac malignancy and pulmonary metastasis in a 27-year-old man., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: This work was supported by grants from NSFC Incubation Program of GDPH (KY012021162) and the Joint Funds of Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (2019A1515110377). The authors have no conflicts to report., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is a widely applied anti-cancer agent against colorectal cancer (CRC), yet a number of CRC patients have developed resistance to 5-Fu-based chemotherapy. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is recognized as an oncogene that promotes diverse cancer progresses. In addition, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulators of cancers. Here we report that EGFR and lncRNA-FGD5-AS1 promoted 5-Fu resistance of CRC. By establishing the 5-Fu-resistant CRC cell line, we detected that EGFR, FGD5-AS1, and glucose metabolism were significantly elevated in 5-Fu-resistant CRC cells. A microRNA-microarray analysis revealed that miR-330-3p functions as a downstream effector of FGD5-AS1. FGD5-AS1 directly sponged miR-330-3p to form a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, leading to inhibition of miR-330-3p expression. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed that Hexokinase 2 (HK2) was a potential target of miR-330-3p, which was validated by luciferase assay. Rescue experiments demonstrated that FGD5-AS1 promotes glycolysis through modulating the miR-330-3p-HK2 axis, leading to 5-Fu resistance of CRC cancer cells. Finally, in vitro and in vivo xenograft experiments consistently demonstrated that inhibition of EGFR by the specific inhibitor erlotinib effectively enhanced the anti-tumor toxicity of 5-Fu by targeting the EGFR-FGD5-AS1-miR-330-3p-HK2 pathway. In summary, this study demonstrates new mechanisms of the EGFR-modulated 5-Fu resistance through modulating the noncoding RNA network, contributing to development of new approaches against chemoresistant CRC., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2021 The Authors.)

Objective: To investigate the association between paternal exposure to occupational electromagnetic radiation and the sex ratio of the offspring., Methods: We searched various databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, OVID, Bioscience Information Service (BIOSIS), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals and Wanfang Database, for the literature relevant to the association of paternal exposure to occupational electromagnetic radiation with the sex ratio of the offspring. We conducted a meta-analysis on their correlation using Stata 11.0., Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the sex ratio between the offspring with paternal exposure to occupational electromagnetic radiation and those without (pooled OR = 1.00 [95% CI: 0.95 -1.05], P = 0.875). Subgroup analysis of both case-control and cohort studies revealed no significant difference (pooled OR = 1.03 [95% CI: 0.99 -1.08], P = 0.104 and pooled OR = 0.98 [95% CI: 0.99 -1.08], P = 0.186, respectively)., Conclusion: Paternal exposure to occupational electromagnetic radiation is not correlated with the sex ratio of the offspring.

Objective: To explore the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and hypertension so as to provide rationales for developing preventive strategies and understanding the etiology of hypertension., Methods: The articles on the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and hypertension were retrieved by searching international and national databases from 2000 to 2011. The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and hypertension was assessed by Meta-analysis with Stata11.0 software., Results: The results of Meta analysis showed that the pooled OR values of hypertension with 25-hydroxyvitamin D level deficiency and sufficiency was 1.37 (95%CI 1.23 - 1.53). Subgroup analysis revealed in 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, can be drawn between 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the incidence of hypertension was statistically significant. The pooled OR values of hypertension with 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in 35 nmol/L and 35 - 68 nmol/L were 2.02 (95%CI 1.49 - 2.74) and 1.23 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.49) (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: The 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with hypertension. With regards to the question of whether or not the 25-hydroxyvitamin D level deficiency serves as one of the potential risk factor for hypertension, prospective studies of larger sample sizes are warranted.

Aim: To investigate the difference of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness between Alzheimer's disease patients and normal people, so as to provide clue for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease., Methods: The articles on the association of RNFL thickness and Alzheimer's disease were retrieved by searching international and national databases. The qualified articles were assessed by meta analysis with Stata11.0 software. The results were pooled using weighted mean difference (WMD) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI)., Results: Totally 7 studies enrolled 324 eyes were included in the meta-analysis. The results of meta analysis showed that in AD patients, there was a significant average RNFL thickness reduction compared with the control group [WMD=-17.561, 95%CI: (-23.971, -11.151)]. There were significant differences in superior, inferior, nasal and temporal RNFL thickness between the two groups. WMD with a 95%CI were [-18.829, 95%CI:(-25.915, -11.743); P<0.05], [-25.775, 95%CI:(-34.304, -17.247); P<0.05], [-16.877, 95%CI: (-29.141, -4.613); P<0.001] and [-14.565, 95%CI:(-28.002, -1.128); P<0.001] respectively. Begg's test and Egger's test did not show significant difference, funnel plot was basically symmetrical, indicating that there was no publication bias existed., Conclusion: There are significant differences in the RNFL thickness in all quadrants between the two groups. RNFL thickness is reduced in AD patients compared with the control group.