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The tea plant is a vital strategic forest resource in China. Dark tea produced from its leaves is an indispensable health-promoting product in western China due to its unique lipid-lowering function. Eurotium cristatum is the dominant strain in Fuzhuan brick tea (a variety of Anhua dark tea) and could produce many functional components, including lovastatin, a lipid-lowering compound. In this study, the lovastatin yield of dark tea was improved by breeding Eurotium cristatum using the protoplast fusion method. The experiments were carried out by inducing a fusion between inactivated Eurotium cristatum JH1205 and Monascus CICC5031. Among the 92 fusants screened the HPLC method, four strains (A4, A36, A54, and A76) with higher lovastatin production (more than three times as high) were obtained. The A76 strain had the highest lovastatin yield, which was 23.93 μg/mL. The location of the tea forest strongly influenced the lovastatin yield of loose dark tea. The strain bred in this study improved the lovastatin yield of loose dark tea by more than three times when compared to wild Eurotium cristatum. These results are promising for the development of tea forest resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a series of high-performance graphite foams (GFs) were synthesized using a melamine foam (MF) template-assisted strategy, which employed AR mesophase pitch (AR MP) as the carbon precursor and airflow was applied to achieve orientation and solidification in the MF network combined with carbonization and graphitization. The results show that the thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and graphitization degree of GFs increase with an increase in AR MP slurry concentration. In contrast, the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) and porosity exhibit an opposite trend. When the concentration was 70 wt%, GF-70 displays isotropic thermal conductivity reaching up to 74.29 W m−1 K−1 in-plane and 76.27 W m−1 K−1 through-plane. Meanwhile, it also shows an EMI SE of 35 dB in the X-band. However, when the concentration drops to 40 wt%, the EMI SE of GF-40 reaches 71 dB, and thermal conductivities of 32.13 W m−1 K−1 and 31.46 W m−1 K−1 in two planes have been achieved in GF-40. The isotropic performance of GFs is related to the structure of the template. At the same time, the superior thermal conductivity of GFs is attributed to the ligaments of a parallel arrangement. The outstanding electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) is ascribed to the porous structure's multiple reflections and repeated scattering. This strategy of the adjustable combination of thermal conductivity and EMI SE paves the way for dual-function thermal management materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low-meeting point chloride salt/expanded graphite (Lankan-Cl/EG) phase change composites were pre¬pared by vacuum impregnation using anisotropic ally formed expanded graphite (EG) as the skeleton and low-milling point quaternary chloride said (Lankan-Cl) as the phase change material, and the phase change composts were cha- actualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and fibermogravimetry (TG). The m- ceroscopy morphology, crystalline structure and thermal stability of the phase change composites were characterized by scanning erection microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and ihermogravimetry (TG), the mailing point, mailing enthalpy and septic heat capacity of the phase change composites were measured by differential scanning call- oximetry (DSC), and the thermal diffusion coefficient was measured by easer lash analysis (LFA). The results showed that Lankan-Cl was successfully impregnated into the interior of EG, and EG maintained an intact pore structure. The meting point of Links-Cl/EG is 169.0 C with a slight decrease compared to that of LiNaKZ-Cl due to the hetero-generous nucleation of EG. Links-Q/EG retains the high thermal conductivity of the EG skeleton, with 53.7 W/(m • K) and 23.1 W/(m • K) in the downward and normal directions, respectively, at room temperature. The mailing en-thalpy of Links-Q/EG is 63.3J/g, and the high mass ratio of Links-Cl in Lankan-Q/EG ensures the heat storage capacity of phase change composites. The prepared Lankan-Q/EG is thermally stabe and can be used at tempera¬tures up to 500 C. The thermal conductively is greatly improved compared with that of Links-Cl, which can improve the efficiency of heat charging and discharging in the field of medium temperature thermal storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first laser–plasma interaction experiment using lasers of eight beams grouped into one octad has been conducted on the Shenguang Octopus facility. Although each beam intensity is below its individual threshold for stimulated Brillouin backscattering (SBS), collective behaviors are excited to enhance the octad SBS. In particular, when two-color/cone lasers with wavelength separation 0.3 nm are used, the backward SBS reflectivities show novel behavior in which beams of longer wavelength achieve higher SBS gain. This property of SBS can be attributed to the rotation of the wave vectors of common ion acoustic waves due to the competition of detunings between geometrical angle and wavelength separation. This mechanism is confirmed using massively parallel supercomputer simulations with the three-dimensional laser–plasma interaction code LAP3D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuzhuan brick tea is a dark tea produced using tea plant leaves, and its quality is strongly affected by Eurotium cristatum. The superior Eurotium cristatum strain could enhance functional components in Fuzhuan brick tea, improving its quality and economic value. To research the lipid-lowering substance of Eurotium cristatum in Fuzhuan brick tea from Anhua country tea production area, several wild-type Eurotium cristatum strains were screened for lovastatin production. Of all 20 wild-type strains, 6 Eurotium cristatum strains could produce lovastatin, and the H20 test strain could produce the highest lovastatin. The organ of lovastatin production was studied, and its yield in sexual propagule (ascospore and ascocarp) was the highest. Some fermentation parameters for lovastatin produced by the H20 strain were researched, and the optimum condition, such as PDA medium containing additional 8% soluble starch, 32 °C, and 120 r/min, are reported. These results are promising for developing one Fuzhuan brick tea with a high lipid-lowering function and expanding the scope of tea plant forest resource application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]