101. Breast cancer receptor status and stage at diagnosis in over 1,200 consecutive public hospital patients in Soweto, South Africa: a case series
- Author
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Isabel dos Santos Silva, Alfred I. Neugut, Joachim Schüz, Judith S. Jacobson, Valerie McCormack, Nadine Broeze, Isabelle Romieu, Herbert Cubasch, Maureen Joffe, and Eunice van den Berg
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Receptor Status ,Time Factors ,Receptor, ErbB-2 ,Estrogen receptor ,Breast Neoplasms ,Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms ,Breast Neoplasms, Male ,03 medical and health sciences ,South Africa ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Population Groups ,Surgical oncology ,Internal medicine ,parasitic diseases ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Gynecology ,Aged, 80 and over ,Medicine(all) ,Series (stratigraphy) ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Receptors, Estrogen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Public hospital ,Female ,Neoplasm Grading ,business ,Receptors, Progesterone ,Research Article ,SEER Program - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Estimates of the proportion of estrogen receptor negative (ERN) and triple-negative (TRN) breast cancer from sub-Saharan Africa are variable and include high values. Large studies of receptor status conducted on non-archival tissue are lacking from this region. METHODS: We identified 1218 consecutive women (91% black) diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2006–2012 at a public hospital in Soweto, South Africa. Immunohistochemistry based ER, progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal factor 2 (HER2) receptors were assessed at diagnosis on pre-treatment biopsy specimens. Mutually adjusted associations of receptor status with stage, age, and race were examined using risk ratios (RRs). ER status was compared with age-stratified US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results program (SEER) data. RESULTS: 35% (95% confidence interval (CI): 32-38) of tumors were ERN, 47% (45-52) PRN, 26% (23-29) HER2P and 21% (18-23) TRN. Later stage tumors were more likely to be ERN and PRN (RRs 1.9 (1.1-2.9) and 2.0 (1.3-3.1) for stage III vs. I) but were not strongly associated with HER2 status. Age was not strongly associated with ER or PR status, but older women were less likely to have HER2P tumors (RR, 0.95 (0.92-0.99) per 5 years). During the study, stage III + IV tumors decreased from 66% to 46%. In black women the percentage of ERN (37% (34-40)) and PRN tumors (48% (45-52)) was higher than in non-black patients (22% (14-31) and 34% (25-44), respectively, P = 0.004 and P = 0.02), which remained after age and stage adjustment. Age-specific ERN proportions in black South African women were similar to those of US black women, especially for women diagnosed over age 50. CONCLUSION: Although a greater proportion of black than non-black South African women had ER-negative or TRN breast cancer, in all racial groups in this study breast cancer was predominantly ER-positive and was being diagnosed at earlier stages over time. These observations provide initial indications that late-stage aggressive breast cancers may not be an inherent feature of the breast cancer burden across Africa.
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