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A facile method to prepare monodisperse speckled colloidshas beendeveloped via one-step seeded polymerization from noncross-linkedlatex particles. It was found that both cross-linking agents in theadded monomer mixture and charged initiation species are essentialfor the formation of speckles on composite latex particle surfacein seeded polymerization. The size and number density of speckleson the surface are tunable by adjusting the concentration of surfactant.A possible mechanism for the formation of such speckled colloids hasbeen proposed based on a series of control experiments. Speckled colloidalparticles were used as substrates for the adsorption of tobacco mosaicvirus, and a much stronger adsorption was observed compared to smoothparticles, implying a potential application of these speckled particlesin virus collection and more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Core–shell particles with cross-linked core andshell wereused as seed particles to produce composite Janus particles. It wasfound that when the shell has distinctly higher cross-linking degreethan the core, Janus particles with very unusual structures can beobtained. These particles have two parts, with one part embraced partiallyor entirely by the other part, adjustable by parameters such as phaseratio or cross-linking degree. On the basis of experimental observations,a possible mechanism for the formation of such unusual Janus particleshas been proposed. Janus particles with arms are used to emulsifywater–toluene mixtures, forming oil-in-water (O/W) emulsionsat very high internal phase content with rather low concentrationof particles. Nonspherical emulsion droplets were observed, indicatingthat these Janus particles are likely to jam at the interface, forminga strong protecting layer to stabilize emulsions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanisms underlying osteoarthritis (OA) have recently been hypothesized to involve a dysfunctional immune system. In this study, we collected synovium, synovial fluid (SF), and peripheral blood from 21 patients. Mononuclear cells were characterized using FCM. H&E staining and mIHC histological assessment of synovium were performed. Cytokine levels in the SF were measured using ELISA. We observed similar frequencies of immune cells in the synovium and SF, which were enriched in DCs. Notably, CD1c + CD163 + DC3s were expanded in the synovium and SF. Furthermore, we found that DC3s were primarily located within the ectopic lymphoid-like structure (ELLS) in close proximity to CD8 + T cells. Finally, the level of TNF- α and IL12p70 in the SF correlated with the severity of OA. These data suggest that OA is an immune system-related disease and that DC3s may play an active role in OA progression by promoting ELLS formation and inflammatory responses., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Guowei Qiu et al.)