Search

According to the literature on ambidexterity, organizations can use structural, contextual or interorganizational approaches to simultaneously explore novel opportunities and exploit existing ones. So far, however, the possibility of combining the three approaches to maximize organizational learning has not been investigated. To deepen this aspect, this paper has as its aim, on the one hand, to offer an integrated vision of organizational ambidexterity, proposing and contrasting a model which —under the dynamic capabilities approach— sees ambidexterity as the result of combining the most important antecedent factors mentioned in the literature, but which have hitherto been studied only on an individual basis. We are referring to structural differentiation, organizational context, and interorganizational relations. On the other hand, the model suggested establishes the mediation role exerted by the organizational context between structural differentiation and interorganizational relations when it comes to reaching ambidexterity. Finally, it is our intention to identify the effects of ambidexterity on performance. A variance-based structural equation modeling (Partial Least Squares) was applied to a sample of Spanish hotel firms. The results obtained show that organizational ambidexterity can be reached resolving the exploration and exploitation tensions both across different organizational units (structural differentiation) and choosing to resolve those tensions outside the firm’s boundaries (interorganizational relations), and taking advantage of an organizational context which, in addition to impacting directly on the achievement of ambidexterity, also appears as a mediator variable between the other two antecedents and ambidexterity, which in turn tells us that this context is the one which enables organizations to carry out the integration of the various (internal or external) knowledge sources. On the other hand, the ambidexterity thus defined, has shown a positive result on organizational performance.

The economic crisis produced increases in levels of poverty and a worsening in social welfare for the population of Jerez de la Frontera. The objective of this research is, therefore, to deepen our...

La importancia de la actual crisis económica así como sus efectos sobre el empleo en España en sectores como el de la construcción, motivan el tema de análisis de este artículo cuyo objetivo es conocer la evolución del empleo en las diferentes regiones españolas antes (2001-2006) y durante la actual crisis (2007-2012) en relación con el conjunto de la nación y con las regiones vecinas utilizando, para ello, un análisis shift-share espacialmente modificado. Los resultados muestran el decrecimiento y disminución del peso de la construcción en las diferentes regiones durante la crisis a favor del sector agrícola y servicios. Sólo destaca Castilla-La Mancha como la comunidad en la que el empleo en la construcción crece por encima de la media nacional y tiene mayor peso que en sus regiones vecinas.

An exploration of the Autonomous Communities of Spain with the highest number of beaches with Q of quality is studied in this work. The purpose of this paper is to analyzed the Autonomous Community with the more Q of Quality and study the differences between the tourism expenditure in this region. The Q of quality is a certificate granted by the Institute for Spanish Tourism Quality that guarantees high quality in certain sectors. This study finds that Andalusia is the main autonomous community with the highest number of beaches with quality Q. In addition to this, a comparison between the average expenditure of residents in Spain and foreigners who take leisure trips is analyzed in this study. However, when comparing the average expenses of people who do tourism in Andalusia to the average cost throughout the entirety of Spain during their vacations and holidays, it was determined that they are not significantly different. Even so, a significant difference between the average expenditure of residents and tourists in Spain is determined. In future research, this study will be extended to the other Autonomous Communities of Spain to find differences among them.

Isokinetic knee dynamometry evolves towards more precise techniques, such as the calculation of the functional ratio. This study evaluated the influence of an intermediate hip position called the unified reclined position (URP) compared to the classic sitting position, (CSP) on hamstring eccentric PT values (Hexc30) and conventional (Hcon60/Qcon60) and functional (Hexc30/Qcon60) ratios. Twenty Spanish high-level competitive soccer players (20.4 ± 4.44 years) were evaluated in CSP and in URP. The hip angle in URP (44°) was determined with a passive extensibility test (quadriceps and hamstrings), looking for an agonist/antagonist tension balance. The following were performed: three repetitions (60°/s) and five repetitions (240°/s) in concentric quadriceps and hamstrings mode; and three repetitions (30°/s) in concentric and eccentric for the hamstrings. At 30°/s, the CSP presents higher values of maximal eccentric hamstring strength than URP, (Dom + N-Dom leg (Nm): CSP = 148.3 ± 19.5 vs. URP 143.5 ± 23.2); p = 0.086 (n.s.). The conventional relationship did not show data justifying the preference for URP over CSP (p = 0.86 (n.s.)). However, although the functional index did not show significant values (p = 0.97 (n.s.), it did show a greater number of subjects with imbalances measured in URP (five in URP vs. two in CSP). An assessment angle of the hip closer to sports reality seems to favor the use of the URP as a complementary method to the CSP. These data stimulate new studies using URP together with the classic protocol.

Government of the Principality of Asturias [PCTI-2021-2023 IDI/2021/111]; CIBERSAM; Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Ruiz FJ, Sáiz PA, García-Portilla MP, González-Blanco L, García-Álvarez L, Madera PZ, Bobes-Bascarán MT, Treviño LJ, García MV, Cao CM, Fernández AG, Revuelta JR, Lacasa CM, Dal Santo F, Calzón GP, Álvarez MS, Bascarán Fernández MT, Zazo ES, García CI, Pedrero EF, Ruiz RM, Bobes J

Sustainable tourism refers to those tourism activities that respect the natural, cultural, and social en- vironment and the values of a community, which allows it to enjoy a positive exchange of experiences between residents and visitors, where the relationship between the tourist and the community is fair and the benefits of the activity are evenly distributed, and where visitors have a truly participatory attitude in their travel experience. One of the main keys to sustainable tourism is the involvement of the visitors and the host and local community. 2019-20

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which it has been shown that the presence of oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in epileptogenesis. The literature has shown that some antiseizure drugs (ASD) have neuroprotective properties. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a drug commonly used as an ASD, and in some studies, it has been found to possess antioxidant properties. Because the antioxidant effects of LEV have not been demonstrated in the chronic phase of epilepsy, the objective of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effects of LEV on the oxidant–antioxidant status in the hippocampus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The in vitro scavenging capacity of LEV was evaluated. LEV administration in rats with TLE significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased catalase (CAT) activity, but did not change glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and significantly decreased glutathione reductase (GR) activity in comparison with epileptic rats. LEV administration in rats with TLE significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels but did not change lipoperoxidation and carbonylated protein levels in comparison with epileptic rats. In addition, LEV showed in vitro scavenging activity against hydroxyl radical (HO•). LEV showed significant antioxidant effects in relation to restoring the redox balance in the hippocampus of rats with TLE. In vitro, LEV demonstrated direct antioxidant activity against HO•.

The authors wish Sharon Grevet for her English assistance. LGB and MPGP thank the support of Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), The Goverment of Principality of Asturias PCTI-2018-2022 IDI/2018/235, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) and INEUROPA.

La presente investigación se realiza por la necesidad de mejorar las estrategias didácticas y consecuentemente la calidad educativa de la enseñanza de adultos con escolaridad inconclusa de la Unidad Educativa PCEI Tungurahua. A partir de la observación, el maestro renueva su práctica docente permitiendo en los estudiantes la adquisición y aprehensión, desde lo cognitivo, procedimental y actitudinal de nuevas habilidades como: reflexión, interpretación, análisis del contexto histórico, síntesis, entre otros. La calidad es una constante en ámbitos de producción y desarrollo a partir de la persona y la educación no es la excepción al ser un entorno de esencia humana. La metodología empleada es no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo y de corte transversal. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de instrumentos que evalúen las estrategias de intervención y gestión docente, así como de la calidad educativa utiliza una escala de Likert. El resultado de la observación y la metodología planteada demuestran la hipótesis sobre si las estrategias didácticas contribuyen a mejorar la calidad educativa en la enseñanza de personas con escolaridad inconclusa. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrados Magister en Innovación en Educación

Wine tourism, as a model of sustainable economic development in certain areas, is able to boost the competitiveness of a territory, improve wine production, respect the environment, and improve the living conditions of citizens. In this sense, this work will present an overview of this type of tourism worldwide and nationally, focusing on the province of Malaga. The diversification of the tourist industry has promoted the appearance, or extension, of new tourist activities beyond the typical activities associated with beach or cultural tourism. This has resulted in new job creation and new income generation options. Wine tourism promises and delivers a complete sensory experience, as tourists experience the consumption of wine from all senses: taste, smell, touch, sight, and sound. This experience is not limited to the consumption of the wine, but also includes the experience of a visit to wineries or vineyards, together with the necessary lodging, depending on location. In this way, the grouping of activities and the development of tourist routes stimulate cooperation between different companies in rural areas. Thus, we propose that tourism is a means by which economic and social development can be achieved in these areas and regeneration strategies can be implemented.

Sara Pastor was not included as an author in the original publication [...]

Despite its routine use in intrapartum care, the technique of fetal cardiotocography has some limitations. The aim of this study is to analyze the predictive capacity and interobserver agreement in the latest versions of four international cardiotocography guidelines: Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and Chandraharan, used to predict neonatal acidemia.The last 30 min of 150 cardiotocographic records were analyzed over all the pH ranges and were blindly evaluated by three independent reviewers. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated to assess the predictive capacity of each fetal cardiotocographic guideline. The degree of interobserver agreement was evaluated with the Fleiss Kappa coefficient.Observers found fetal cardiotocography guidelines to have a variable sensitivity and specificity. The Chandraharan classification reached the highest sensitivity (78.79%), while ACOG had the highest specificity (95.73%). On average for the three observers, Chandraharan had the highest discrimination capacity for neonatal acidemia, although this was only moderate (AUC 0.66; 95%CI, 0.55-0.77) and did not differ significantly from the remaining guidelines. The degree of agreement among the three observers, assessed according to the Fleiss Kappa coefficient, was generally acceptable or moderate for all items and classifications, being highest with the FIGO classification (Although all the guidelines have a moderate capacity to predict neonatal acidemia, the Chandraharan guideline has the highest capacity. This follows a different approach from the others in that it relies on interpretations of cardiotocographic traces based on fetal physiology. The degree of interobserver agreement is, in general, acceptable for the four guidelines, and is the highest for FIGO.

Since its adoption in September 2015, the 2030 Agenda has laid the foundations for a model of shared prosperity for a sustainable world. The current global pandemic highlights profound inequalities affecting our economies, health, and quality of life. For this reason, the aim of this study was to present the current state of scientific research related to inequality, poverty, and climate change, and to propose lines of improvement that can contribute to achieving three of the 17 SDGs (end poverty, SDG 1, reduce inequality, SDG 10, and climate action, SDG 13), proposed in the 2030 Agenda. For this purpose, we undertook a systematic literature review. The results show that the subject of poverty, inequality, and climate change has been little studied or articulated by researchers, and significant differences exist between the different areas studied. The highest number of publications (51.7%) is associated with topics related to sustainability—environment and economics. The remainder are distributed among 12 other research areas. Another relevant finding is that the effects of climate change are more pressing for more vulnerable populations, including impoverished women from rural areas and children from underdeveloped countries. This gender and social inequality has been rarely addressed in studies. Food security and energy poverty is another under-researched area. According to the results obtained in this work, we consider that the circular economy may improve these indicators, constituting a line of future research. Thus, one of the main objectives of this approach is to eliminate negative externalities, specifically the existing social inequalities within the current linear economy model.

This paper studied the effect of the socio-economic variables related to social vulnerability on wildfire characteristics (ignitions, hectares burned, and ratio hectares burned/ignitions) in Galicia, Spain. The study recognized that wildfires present threats to people and communities, so actions might be taken to address vulnerabilities in ways that mitigate the negative impacts of such fires. Our final aim was to identify those variables that are relevant to the starting and spreading of wildfires that can help improve the prevention and mitigation of wildfires. Panel data collected over 15 years (2001–2015) for the municipalities of Galicia were used in this study. The results show that vulnerability-related socio-economic factors affect the number of wildfires and the extent of the destruction they cause. Indeed, the progressive abandonment of rural areas is one of the most important problems that increases the occurrence of wildfires. This abandonment is connected to population factors such as aging or low density of population, economic factors such as the decrease in income or low cadastral value, and territorial factors such as the decrease in rustic hectares and ranches. We conclude that prevention and mitigation focused on areas prone to wildfires could be enhanced by taking into account these variables.

The Spanish Society of Immunology recently warned that a history of past COVID-19 could result in a higher incidence of adverse events (AEs) related to vaccination. We set out to analyze whether there were any differences in AEs between healthcare workers vaccinated for COVID-19 (either after the first or second dose) who had had a prior diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 infection at any time compared to those who had not had COVID-19 before vaccination.This was a retrospective cohort study in a population of healthcare workers. AEs related to the first and second doses of the Pfizer vaccine were recorded. We compared the incidence of AEs and compared individuals with 0-3 different AEs to those with 4 or more AEs. The relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated.Past infection was associated with having more AEs after the first dose (p 0.001), but not the second one (p = 0.476), as well as a higher incidence of AEs (p 0.001). Common AEs that were statistically associated with past COVID infection included arthralgia, asthenia, fever, chills, headache, and myalgia (p ≤ 0.001). The RR for having an increased absolute number of different AEs was 1.18 (95 %CI [1.05, 1.33]) after the first dose and 1.05 (95 %CI [0.96, 1.14]) after the second dose. The maximum number of days between past infection and vaccination was 306.Our results showed that the incidence of AEs was higher in individuals with a history of prior COVID-19 infection.

Introduction: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare respiratory condition characterized by abnormal inflammation, where neutrophils play a key role. Excessive neutrophil activation leads to an increase in the oxygen (O2) intake, causing local hypoxia and increased tissue-injury capacity. Tissue hypoxia is part of the inflammatory process so neutrophils can function effectively under these conditions. However, the mechanisms by which neutrophils mediate tissue damage under hypoxia remain unclear. The study aimed to determine whether hypoxia modifies the cytokine profile in AATD patients. Methods: Neutrophils from 22 AATD patients (6 MZ; 9 SZ; 7 ZZ) and 7 controls (MM) were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) for 4hrs. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were measured with a Luminex Bead-Based Multiplex Assay. Results: Neutrophils from AATD patients (SZ; ZZ) exposed to hypoxia showed an augmented proinflammatory cytokines release (IL-8, IL-12, IL-6, IL-23, IL-4, MIPα, MIPβ) compared to those of controls. Interestingly, the tumour necrosis factor (TNFα) is decreased in AATD patients compared to controls. Conclusion: Hypoxia increases the neutrophil release of proinflammatory cytokines in AATD patients compared to controls, contributing to lung damage in these patients. Funding: Sociedad Valenciana de Neumologia 2015 and 2017 and ISCIII PI17/01250 grants and European Regional Development Funds

Individuals with malignancies and COVID-19 have a lower survival compared with the general population. However, the information about the impact of COVID-19 on the whole hematological population is scarce. We aimed to describe the 30th day overall survival (OS) after COVID-19 infection in patients with a hematological disease in Argentina. A completely anonymous survey from the Argentine Society of Hematology was delivered to all the hematologists in Argentina; it started in April 2020. A cut-off to analyze the data was performed in December 2020 and, finally, 419 patients were reported and suitable for the analysis (average age: 58 years, 90% with malignant diseases). After the COVID-19 diagnosis, the 30-day OS for the whole population was 80.2%. From the entire group (419), 101 (24.1%) individuals required intensive care unit admission, where the 30-day OS was 46.6%. Among allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients, the 30-day OS was 70.3%. Factors associated with a low OS were two or more comorbidities, an active hematological disease and history of chemotherapy. In individuals with the three factors, the 30-day OS was 49.6% while the 30-day OS in those without those factors was 100%. Patients with hematological diseases have a higher mortality than the general population. This group represents a challenge and requires careful decision-making of the treatment in order not to compromise the chances of cure.El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo primario conocer la mortalidad de pacientes con enfermedad hematológica que presentaron infección por COVID-19 en Argentina. Para ello se difundió una encuesta desde la Sociedad Argentina de Hematología (SAH) entre los hematológos para informar sobre los pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas y diagnóstico de infección por SARS- CoV-2, entre el 19/4/2020, y el 7/12/2020. Se incluyeron individuos de todas las edades con diagnóstico de enfermedad hematológica benigna o maligna e infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada por técnica de RTPCR. Se analizaron 419 pacientes (mediana 58 años; 90% enfermedades malignas). La supervivencia al día 30 fue de 80.2%. La supervivencia fue menor en aquellos que requirieron internación (74.2%), cuidados intensivos (46.6%) y asistencia respiratoria mecánica (36.8%). Entre los trasplantados alogénicos la supervivencia fue 70.3%. Los factores vinculados a la supervivencia global fueron las comorbilidades, el estado de la enfermedad al momento de la infección y el antecedente de quimioterapia. Se pudo establecer un score en el que aquellos que tuvieron un puntaje de 4 alcanzaron una supervivencia del 49.6% al día 30, mientras que la de los pacientes con score 0 fue del 100% a 30 días. En comparación con la población general, los pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas presentan una mayor mortalidad vinculada al COVID-19, motivo por el cual es primordial definir pautas destinadas a disminuir la exposición de los mismos sin comprometer las posibilidades de beneficiarse del tratamiento de la enfermedad de base.

Retirement is a social process, an administrative imposition based on age and years worked; this population becomes a vulnerable group due to the deterioration of the physical and mental faculties characteristic of the evolutionary cycle; therefore, retirement has an impact on public health. The present study focused its attention on the community of retired university professors from the public university of Ecuador and aimed to analyze the psychological well-being associated with retirement. Descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational, non-experimental study. The Psychological Well-being Scale and the MOS Social Support Questionnaire were applied. The results characterized the socio-demographic profile of 725 retired teachers in the 2012-2017 period. According to their condition, they have an average age of 67 years; 45% live with their partner and the rest with other relatives. A high degree of psychological well-being was determined, highlighting the positive relationships with other dimensions, domain of the environment; unlike life purpose that reflected a low grade. Likewise, a high index of social support was demonstrated. The correlation matrix debuted a high correlation between the dimensions of the variables. Keywords: psychological well-being, retirement, university teachers, social support.

The objective of the work was to base the theoretical and methodological conceptions that sustain the forms of methodological teaching work and its system approach in the current context of higher education, as well as the definition of fundamental terms for its implementation based on current legislation and the need for its projection. A bibliographical study was carried out on the subject and the requirements to be met from the methodological teaching work, the general objectives and their main directions are explicitly stated. It is concluded that the foundations presented show the importance of the topic in the preparation of the professors who work in the different centers of higher education, serving as reference material for the development of quality teaching work, thus contributing to the improvement of the educational teaching process.

Intercultural communication is not only a necessary tool for most international workplaces, but also for higher education so as to better prepare students for their future jobs. To test how intercu...

Resumen Objetivos Evaluar si existen diferencias en la presentacion clinica y en la atencion de pacientes adultos con crisis epilepticas (CE) en servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) en funcion de la edad ≥ 75 anos y si esta se asocia de manera independiente a resultados en el SUH y a 30 dias del alta. Material y metodos ACESUR es un registro observacional de cohortes multiproposito, prospectivo y multicentrico, que se llevo a cabo en 2017. Se comparan la distribucion de variables correspondientes a la presentacion clinica y atencion segun la edad ≥ 75 anos. Posteriormente se realizan modelos de regresion logistica con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la edad ≥ 75 anos sobre las variables de resultado. Resultados Se analizan 541 (81,5%) pacientes 75 anos. En el grupo de longevos se detecto de forma significativa: mayor probabilidad de dependencia, comorbilidad, polifarmacia, visita previa al SUH, llegada en ambulancia, primera CE y clasificacion etiopatogenica sintomatica. En el analisis multivariado tras ajustar por las variables anteriores, se objetiva que la edad ≥ 75 anos se asocia de manera independiente a una mayor incidencia de prueba complementaria especifica (OR: 2,31; IC95%: 1,21-4,44), pero no a intervencion farmacologica (OR: 1,63; IC95%: 0,96-2,80) ni hospitalizacion o estancia prolongada en SUH (OR: 1,56; IC95%: 0,94-2,59). Al ajustar por todas las variables anteriores, la edad ≥ 75 anos se asocia a menor incidencia de algun resultado adverso (recurrencia de CE, revisita al SUH, hospitalizacion y/o fallecimiento) a 30 dias (OR: 0,43; IC95: 0,25-0,77). Conclusiones En el registro ACESUR se identificaron diferencias en la presentacion clinica y en la atencion de pacientes con CE en SUH al comparar longevos frente a jovenes. La edad ≥ 75 anos no se asocia de manera independiente a mayor incidencia de intervencion en el SUH ni a algun resultado adverso a 30 dias del alta.

Self-esteem is trusting in oneself and one's own abilities to face the challenges of life and reach self-realization. On the other hand, domestic violence is an aggression of a physical, psychological, social, patrimonial or sexual type that affects the self-esteem and mental health of the victim, leading to a state of defenselessness and psychosocial imbalance. In this state of vulnerability, the group psychotherapeutic intervention, allows to recognize the problem in an atmosphere of solidarity and cooperation, develops assertive behaviors and affective social skills. Objective: To relate the effectiveness of group therapy in the improvement of self-esteem in women victims of domestic violence. Quantitative, correlational approach; design of longitudinal pre-experimental cutting. Through the application of the Coopersmith scale and satisfaction with the treatment received in a non-probabilistic sample of 16 women in domestic violence status of the Comprehensive Care Center. Initial registration of the low and medium self-esteem level (7:10). After the intervention 8:10 women raised their self-esteem; 7:10 showed a high level of satisfaction with the treatment received. The hypothesis proved a positive correlation between variables. Intervened women gained self-assessment and assertiveness in the management of interpersonal relationships. Key words: self-esteem, domestic violence, psychotherapeutic intervention, group therapy

Esta investigación trata sobre la Educación Ambiental como Política Pública, haciendo referencia a la Parroquia Conocoto, en la cual se aborda dicho tema con el fin de identificar la importancia de una política pública en materia ambiental y la correspondencia de esta (política pública) con la normativa vigente. Se trata de una investigación jurídica-documental, analítica y descriptiva, en la cual se tuvo como principal referencial el Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial de la Parroquia de Conocoto 2017- 2021, la Constitución de la República del Ecuador y el Código Orgánico de Ambiente. Conforme a lo anterior se abordó la problemática indicada, con el fin de destacar la importancia de las políticas públicas en materia ambiental, y en el caso particular de la Parroquia Conocoto, proponer la formulación de un plan en la materia o la incorporación en el plan de la parroquia, de un capítulo específico sobre este tema. Se pudo observar que no está definido en Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial de la Parroquia de Conocoto 2017- 2021, un eje sobre el medio ambiente, y menos atendiendo el tema de investigación, referido a la Educación Ambiental.