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454 results on '"Nair, Shalini"'

101. Single Cell Genomic Dissection of Complex African Malaria Infections Suggest Strong Barriers to Reinfection

Author

Nkhoma, Standwell C., primary, Trevino, Simon G., additional, Gorena, Karla M., additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, Khoswe, Stanley, additional, Jett, Catherine, additional, Garcia, Roy, additional, Daniel, Benjamin, additional, Dia, Aliou, additional, Terlouw, Dianne J., additional, Ward, Stephen A., additional, Anderson, Timothy J. C., additional, and Cheeseman, Ian, additional

Published
2018
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103. High-Resolution Single-Cell Sequencing of Malaria Parasites

Author

Trevino, Simon G, primary, Nkhoma, Standwell C, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, Daniel, Benjamin J, additional, Moncada, Karla, additional, Khoswe, Stanley, additional, Banda, Rachel L, additional, Nosten, François, additional, and Cheeseman, Ian H, additional

Published
2017
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105. Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: Diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging on follow-up

Author

Nair, Shalini, Ramli, Norlisah, Rahmat, Kartini, and Mei-Ling, Sharon

Subjects
Magnetic resonance imaging -- Methods, Demyelinating diseases -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

Byline: Shalini. Nair, Norlisah. Ramli, Kartini. Rahmat, Sharon. Mei-Ling Sir, Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis (CPM, EPM) or osmotic demyelination syndrome are commonly a consequence of vigorous sodium correction and [...]

Published
2012

106. Acute submandibular sialadenitis as a cause of unilateral neck swelling after posterior fossa surgery in sitting position

Author

Prabhu, Krishna, Ramamani, Nair, Shalini, and Chacko, Ari

Subjects
Excision (Surgery) -- Complications and side effects, Dropsy -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Case studies, Acoustic neuroma -- Care and treatment -- Case studies, Inflammation -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Case studies, Edema -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Case studies, Health
Abstract

Byline: Krishna. Prabhu, Ramamani, Shalini. Nair, Ari. Chacko Sir, The possible causes for acute postoperative neck swelling include jugular vein compression, jugular vein thrombosis or superficial vein thrombosis. We report [...]

Published
2010

107. MOESM1 of Optimal health and disease management using spatial uncertainty: a geographic characterization of emergent artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum distributions in Southeast Asia

Author

Grist, Eric, Flegg, Jennifer, Humphreys, Georgina, Mas, Ignacio, Anderson, Tim, Ashley, Elizabeth, Day, Nicholas, Mehul Dhorda, Dondorp, Arjen, M. Faiz, Gething, Peter, Hien, Tran, Hlaing, Tin, Imwong, Mallika, Kindermans, Jean-Marie, Maude, Richard, Mayfong Mayxay, McDew-White, Marina, Menard, Didier, Nair, Shalini, Francois Nosten, Newton, Paul, Ric Price, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Takala-Harrison, Shannon, Smithuis, Frank, Nhien Nguyen, Kyaw Tun, White, Nicholas, Benoit Witkowski, Woodrow, Charles, Fairhurst, Rick, Sibley, Carol, and Guerin, Philippe

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Data used in the K13 illustrative example from (7) and (11) partitioned by individuals and sites sampled within each country. S2. Utility of kriging with S3. five step implementation procedure for smart surveillance, together with S4. the underlying kriging equations to be solved, also provided S5. in terms of variograms. Fig. S1. Empirical variogram of semivariance Îł(h) constructed by binning all pairwise site distances in the GMS data set into 20 bins, each at a fixed increment apart, plotted against lag distance h.

Published
2016
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108. Pulmonary distress following attempted suicidal hanging

Author

Nair, Shalini, Jacob, Joe, Aaron, Sanjith, Thomas, Maya, Joseph, Mathew, and Alexander, Mathew

Subjects
Suicidal behavior -- Health aspects -- Research -- Complications and side effects -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis, Lung diseases -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Complications and side effects -- Research -- Health aspects, Mortality -- India -- Research, Health, Science and technology
Abstract

Byline: Shalini. Nair, Joe. Jacob, Sanjith. Aaron, Maya. Thomas, Mathew. Joseph, Mathew. Alexander Objective : To assess the incidence of post-hanging pulmonary distress in cases of attempted suicidal hanging and [...]

Published
2009

109. Role of quantitative endotracheal aspirate and cultures as a surveillance and diagnostic tool for ventilator associated pneumonia: A pilot study

Author

Nair, Shalini, Sen, Nagamani, Peter, John, Raj, John, and Brahmadathan, K.

Subjects
Bacterial pneumonia -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors, Pneumonia -- Research -- Care and treatment -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors, Health, Science and technology
Abstract

Byline: Shalini. Nair, Nagamani. Sen, John. Peter, John. Raj, K. Brahmadathan Background: Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is crucial for good outcomes. Endotracheal suctioning is [...]

Published
2008

110. EFFECTIVENESS OF LOW-COST CUSTOMIZED SADDLE PILLOW ON PAIN IN POST-EPISIOTOMY PATIENTS

Author

Anbupriya M, Sivakumar Vpr, and Nair Shalini Krishnan

Subjects
Pharmacology, Episiotomy, Perineal pain, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Breastfeeding, Pharmaceutical Science, Sitting, Pain rating, medicine, Physical therapy, Functional activity, Pharmacology (medical), business, Postnatal day, Saddle
Abstract

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of customized saddle pillow for pain in post-episiotomy patients and also to analyze the duration of sitting for breastfeeding and other functional activities following episiotomy.Methods: A total of 28 postnatal mothers who have undergone episiotomy were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria and were divided conveniently into an experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=12). Both the groups received the conventional physiotherapy protocol, but experimental group patients, in addition, were provided with customized saddle pillow. Customized saddle pillow was used by the patients from postnatal day (PND) 0 to PND 2. Pre- and post-test values for pain were assessed through the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS). In addition, data such as duration of sitting for breastfeeding and other functional activities were collected through sitting tracker.Results: The study manifested the effectiveness of low-cost customized saddle pillow in reducing perineal pain (p=0.01) and increase in sitting duration (p=0.01) in post-episiotomy patients compared to the control group.Conclusion: Among the postnatal mothers selected for the study the mothers who used customized saddle pillow experienced a reduction in pain as well as the better sitting duration for breastfeeding. The research recommends mothers who underwent episiotomy to use the low-cost saddle pillows for healthier breastfeeding and pain-free life.

Published
2017

112. Longitudinal genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites reveals complex genomic architecture of emerging artemisinin resistance

Author

Cerqueira, Gustavo C., primary, Cheeseman, Ian H., additional, Schaffner, Steve F., additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, McDew-White, Marina, additional, Phyo, Aung Pyae, additional, Ashley, Elizabeth A., additional, Melnikov, Alexandre, additional, Rogov, Peter, additional, Birren, Bruce W., additional, Nosten, François, additional, Anderson, Timothy J. C., additional, and Neafsey, Daniel E., additional

Published
2017
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113. High-resolution single-cell sequencing of malaria parasites

Author

Trevino, Simon G., primary, Nkhoma, Standwell C., additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, Daniel, Benjamin J., additional, Moncada, Karla, additional, Khoswe, Stanley, additional, Banda, Rachel L., additional, Nosten, François, additional, and Cheeseman, Ian H., additional

Published
2017
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117. Longitudinal genomic surveillance ofPlasmodium falciparummalaria parasites reveals complex genomic architecture of emerging artemisinin resistance in western Thailand

Author

Cerqueira, Gustavo C., primary, Cheeseman, Ian H., additional, Schaffner, Steve F., additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, McDew-White, Marina, additional, Phyo, Aung Pyae, additional, Ashley, Elizabeth A., additional, Melnikov, Alexandre, additional, Rogov, Peter, additional, Birren, Bruce W., additional, Nosten, François, additional, Anderson, Timothy J.C., additional, and Neafsey, Daniel E., additional

Published
2016
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118. Optimal health and disease management using spatial uncertainty: a geographic characterization of emergent artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum distributions in Southeast Asia

Author

Grist, Eric P. M., primary, Flegg, Jennifer A., additional, Humphreys, Georgina, additional, Mas, Ignacio Suay, additional, Anderson, Tim J. C., additional, Ashley, Elizabeth A., additional, Day, Nicholas P. J., additional, Dhorda, Mehul, additional, Dondorp, Arjen M., additional, Faiz, M. Abul, additional, Gething, Peter W., additional, Hien, Tran T., additional, Hlaing, Tin M., additional, Imwong, Mallika, additional, Kindermans, Jean-Marie, additional, Maude, Richard J., additional, Mayxay, Mayfong, additional, McDew-White, Marina, additional, Menard, Didier, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, Nosten, Francois, additional, Newton, Paul N., additional, Price, Ric N., additional, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, additional, Takala-Harrison, Shannon, additional, Smithuis, Frank, additional, Nguyen, Nhien T., additional, Tun, Kyaw M., additional, White, Nicholas J., additional, Witkowski, Benoit, additional, Woodrow, Charles J., additional, Fairhurst, Rick M., additional, Sibley, Carol Hopkins, additional, and Guerin, Philippe J., additional

Published
2016
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122. Declining Efficacy of Artemisinin Combination Therapy AgainstP. FalciparumMalaria on the Thai–Myanmar Border (2003–2013): The Role of Parasite Genetic Factors

Author

Phyo, Aung Pyae, primary, Ashley, Elizabeth A., additional, Anderson, Tim J. C., additional, Bozdech, Zbynek, additional, Carrara, Verena I., additional, Sriprawat, Kanlaya, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, White, Marina McDew, additional, Dziekan, Jerzy, additional, Ling, Clare, additional, Proux, Stephane, additional, Konghahong, Kamonchanok, additional, Jeeyapant, Atthanee, additional, Woodrow, Charles J., additional, Imwong, Mallika, additional, McGready, Rose, additional, Lwin, Khin Maung, additional, Day, Nicholas P. J., additional, White, Nicholas J., additional, and Nosten, Francois, additional

Published
2016
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127. Population Structure Shapes Copy Number Variation in Malaria Parasites

Author

Cheeseman, Ian H., primary, Miller, Becky, additional, Tan, John C., additional, Tan, Asako, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, Nkhoma, Standwell C., additional, De Donato, Marcos, additional, Rodulfo, Hectorina, additional, Dondorp, Arjen, additional, Branch, Oralee H., additional, Mesia, Lastenia Ruiz, additional, Newton, Paul, additional, Mayxay, Mayfong, additional, Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred, additional, Conway, David J., additional, Nosten, François, additional, Ferdig, Michael T., additional, and Anderson, Tim J. C., additional

Published
2015
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128. Study of the factors at admission predicting the outcome in patients with attempted suicidal hanging.

Author

D’sa, Shilpa Reynal, Nair, Shalini, Joe Philip, Vinu, Reji, Kent Kuzhiyelil, Karuppusamy, Reka, Joseph, Mathew, and D'sa, Shilpa Reynal

Subjects
SUICIDAL behavior, HOSPITAL admission & discharge, GLASGOW Coma Scale, CHEST X rays, HOSPITAL patients, FUNCTIONAL assessment, HOSPITAL care, MOTOR ability, PROGNOSIS, SPECIALTY hospitals, RETROSPECTIVE studies
Abstract

Our study sought to identify factors at presentation which can predict the outcome after an attempted hanging. A retrospective analysis of patients over a 12-year period was carried out. A poor outcome was found in 17.8% and this could be predicted by the presence of myoclonus, a Glasgow coma motor score of ≤3 or an abnormal chest radiograph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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129. High-Resolution Single-Cell Sequencing ofMalaria Parasites.

Author

Trevino, Simon G., Nkhoma, Standwell C., Nair, Shalini, Daniel, Benjamin J., Moncada, Karla, Khoswe, Stanley, Banda, Rachel L., Nosten, François, and Cheeseman, Ian H.

Subjects
GENOMICS, UNICELLULAR organisms, PLASMODIUM falciparum, DRUG resistance, NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, DRUG resistance in microorganisms
Abstract

Single-cell genomics is a powerful tool for determining the genetic architecture of complex communities of unicellular organisms. In areas of high transmission, malaria patients are often challenged by the activities of multiple Plasmodium falciparum lineages, which can potentiate pathology, spread drug resistance loci, and also complicate most genetic analysis. Single-cell sequencing of P. falciparum would be key to understanding infection complexity, though efforts are hampered by the extreme nucleotide composition of its genome (~80% AT-rich). To counter the low coverage achieved in previous studies, wetargeted DNA-rich late-stage parasites by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting andwhole genomesequencing.Ourmethod routinely generates accurate, near-complete capture of the 23MbP. Falciparum genome(mean breadth of coverage 90.7%) at high efficiency. Data from 48 single-cell genomes derived from a polyclonal infection sampled in Chikhwawa, Malawi allowed forunambiguous determination of haplotype diversity and recent meiotic events, information that will aid public health efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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130. Plasmodium falciparum genetic crosses in a humanized mouse model

Author

Vaughan, Ashley M, primary, Pinapati, Richard S, additional, Cheeseman, Ian H, additional, Camargo, Nelly, additional, Fishbaugher, Matthew, additional, Checkley, Lisa A, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, Hutyra, Carolyn A, additional, Nosten, François H, additional, Anderson, Timothy J C, additional, Ferdig, Michael T, additional, and Kappe, Stefan H I, additional

Published
2015
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132. Spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Myanmar: a cross-sectional survey of the K13 molecular marker

Author

Tun, Kyaw M, primary, Imwong, Mallika, additional, Lwin, Khin M, additional, Win, Aye A, additional, Hlaing, Tin M, additional, Hlaing, Thaung, additional, Lin, Khin, additional, Kyaw, Myat P, additional, Plewes, Katherine, additional, Faiz, M Abul, additional, Dhorda, Mehul, additional, Cheah, Phaik Yeong, additional, Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon, additional, Ashley, Elizabeth A, additional, Anderson, Tim J C, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, McDew-White, Marina, additional, Flegg, Jennifer A, additional, Grist, Eric P M, additional, Guerin, Philippe, additional, Maude, Richard J, additional, Smithuis, Frank, additional, Dondorp, Arjen M, additional, Day, Nicholas P J, additional, Nosten, François, additional, White, Nicholas J, additional, and Woodrow, Charles J, additional

Published
2015
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139. Longitudinal genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparummalaria parasites reveals complex genomic architecture of emerging artemisinin resistance

Author

Cerqueira, Gustavo, Cheeseman, Ian, Schaffner, Steve, Nair, Shalini, McDew-White, Marina, Phyo, Aung, Ashley, Elizabeth, Melnikov, Alexandre, Rogov, Peter, Birren, Bruce, Nosten, François, Anderson, Timothy, and Neafsey, Daniel

Abstract

Artemisinin-based combination therapies are the first line of treatment for Plasmodium falciparuminfections worldwide, but artemisinin resistance has risen rapidly in Southeast Asia over the past decade. Mutations in the kelch13gene have been implicated in this resistance. We used longitudinal genomic surveillance to detect signals in kelch13and other loci that contribute to artemisinin or partner drug resistance. We retrospectively sequenced the genomes of 194 P. falciparumisolates from five sites in Northwest Thailand, over the period of a rapid increase in the emergence of artemisinin resistance (2001–2014). We evaluate statistical metrics for temporal change in the frequency of individual SNPs, assuming that SNPs associated with resistance increase in frequency over this period. After Kelch13-C580Y, the strongest temporal change is seen at a SNP in phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, which is involved in a pathway recently implicated in artemisinin resistance. Furthermore, other loci exhibit strong temporal signatures which warrant further investigation for involvement in artemisinin resistance evolution. Through genome-wide association analysis we identify a variant in a kelch domain-containing gene on chromosome 10 that may epistatically modulate artemisinin resistance. This analysis demonstrates the potential of a longitudinal genomic surveillance approach to detect resistance-associated gene loci to improve our mechanistic understanding of how resistance develops. Evidence for additional genomic regions outside of the kelch13locus associated with artemisinin-resistant parasites may yield new molecular markers for resistance surveillance, which may be useful in efforts to reduce the emergence or spread of artemisinin resistance in African parasite populations.

Published
2017
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143. Population Structure Shapes Copy Number Variation in Malaria Parasites.

Author

Cheeseman, Ian H., Miller, Becky, Tan, John C., Tan, Asako, Nair, Shalini, Nkhoma, Standwell C., De Donato, Marcos, Rodulfo, Hectorina, Dondorp, Arjen, Branch, Oralee H., Mesia, Lastenia Ruiz, Newton, Paul, Mayxay, Mayfong, Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred, Conway, David J., Nosten, François, Ferdig, Michael T., and Anderson, Tim J. C.

Abstract

If copy number variants (CNVs) are predominantly deleterious, we would expect them to bemore efficiently purged from populations with a large effective population size (Ne) than from populations with a small Ne. Malaria parasites (Plasmodium falciparum) provide an excellent organism to examine this prediction, because this protozoan shows a broad spectrum of population structures within a single species, with large, stable, outbred populations in Africa, small unstable inbred populations in South America and with intermediate population characteristics in South East Asia. We characterized 122 single-clone parasites, without prior laboratory culture, from malaria-infected patients in seven countries in Africa, South East Asia and South America using a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism/CNV microarray. We scored 134 high-confidence CNVs across the parasite exome, including 33 deletions and 102 amplifications, which ranged in size from<500 bp to 59 kb, as well as 10,107 flanking, biallelic single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Overall, CNVs were rare, small, and skewed toward low frequency variants, consistent with the deleterious model. Relative to African and South East Asian populations, CNVs were significantly more common in South America, showed significantly less skew in allele frequencies, and were significantly larger. On this background of low frequency CNV, we also identified several high-frequency CNVs under putative positive selection using an FST outlier analysis. These included known adaptive CNVs containing rh2b and pfmdr1, and several other CNVs (e.g., DNA helicase and three conserved proteins) that require further investigation. Our data are consistent with a significant impact of genetic structure on CNV burden in an important human pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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146. Emergence of artemisinin-resistant malaria on the western border of Thailand: a longitudinal study

Author

Phyo, Aung Pyae, primary, Nkhoma, Standwell, additional, Stepniewska, Kasia, additional, Ashley, Elizabeth A, additional, Nair, Shalini, additional, McGready, Rose, additional, ler Moo, Carit, additional, Al-Saai, Salma, additional, Dondorp, Arjen M, additional, Lwin, Khin Maung, additional, Singhasivanon, Pratap, additional, Day, Nicholas PJ, additional, White, Nicholas J, additional, Anderson, Tim JC, additional, and Nosten, François, additional

Published
2012
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