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The majority of methanol oxidation electrocatalysts are based on platinum‐group metals such as platinum, palladium, and ruthenium. However, their usage is restricted because of their high cost, scarcity, and carbon monoxide toxicity concerns. We devised a simple approach for preparing a nickel foam (NF) based electrode using in‐situ synthesis of metal organic framework, such as Co‐MOF/NF, Ni‐MOF/NF, Mo‐MOF/NF, NC‐MOF/NF, MC‐MOF/NF, NM‐MOF/NF, and NMC‐MOF/NF, as an efficient electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation to produce carbon dioxide and water. Catalysts were synthesized using a hydrothermal process. In methanol with alkaline electrolyte, the as‐prepared NMC‐MOF/NF catalysts had the highest current density response, such as 5641 mA/cm2, in contrast to other bimetallic and single metal‐based metal organic framework electrocatalysts supported on Ni foam. We also observed that the NMC‐MOF/NF could efficiently catalyze the oxidation of carbon monoxide while being relatively unaffected by it. After 20,000 seconds in methanol oxidation, NMC‐MOF/NF based electrode retained about 100 % of its initial activity. Following simple synthesis technique and the improved catalytic efficiency and stability of NMC‐MOF/NF, methanol can be used to generate energy‐efficient products such as hydrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Birth defects are a diverse group of disorders of prenatal origin that can be caused by single gene defects, chromosomal disorders, multifactorial inheritance, environmental teratogens and micronutrient deficiencies. Cousin marriages have been described as an important factor contributing to increased congenital malformations. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the association of congenital malformations of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system (VSD, AVSD, Pulmonary stenosis, Pulmonary atresia), cleft lip, cleft palate and polydactyly) with cousin marriages. Material and Methods: It was a case-control study carried out in Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore from 30th April, 2020 to 30th April, 2021. Total 200 neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria for cases & controls were included in the study. After taking informed consent from the parents, all anatomical defects (for cases) were recorded on a pre-designed proforma. History of consanguinity and type of consanguinity (first cousins) was taken for both cases and controls and recorded on the proforma. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Frequency of consanguinity in parents was recorded which was 73%(n=73) in cases and 38%(n=38) in controls while 27%(n=27) in cases and 62%(n=62) in controls had no consanguinity in parents. Conclusion: There is an association of consanguinity with congenital malformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This, study reports ZIF-8 and its g-C3N4 based composites for successful adsorption of carbon dioxide gas at temperature of 45 °C and 0–15 bar pressure. These samples were characterized via using different techniques like XRD, EDX, SEM, FTIR to study the structural and morphological properties, The SEM results shows rougher and porous rhombic dodecahedron morphology, and the EDX analysis confirms that the catalyst production is free of impurities. The FTIR and XRD analyses show all the peaks and bands correspond to crystalline structure and necessary functional group presence in the prepared adsorbents. The ZIF-8 and its g-C3N4 composites have good adsorption capacity. Among them ZIF-8@3wt% g-C3N4 shows the highest adsorption capacity of 315 mg g−1 at 45 °C and 0–15 bar pressure. The rising adsorption trend of all prepared materials shows that these samples do not reach their saturation point and can still adsorb more CO2 even at a pressure higher than 15 bar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Graphitic carbon nitride is of interest for its intercalation, ion exchange, and redox properties as it exhibits high catalytic activity. Besides, its high nitrogen content and facile synthesis procedure may provide a good balance between activity and durability. We report novel g‐C3N4 based MOF as a novel electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Two methods are involved in the catalytic synthesis, namely the hydrothermal method for the Cu/Ni MOF and its composites synthesis, and g‐C3N4 is obtained by pyrolysis of melamine. To explore the structural and morphological properties, all the catalysts were eventually characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX techniques, whereas cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed the electrochemical response for the oxidation of methanol in 3 M methanol and 1 M NaOH on modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The electrochemical results illustrate that as the amount of g‐C3N4 increases current density for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). The maximum current density is 103.42 mA/cm2 shown by Cu/Ni MOF@5 wt% g‐C3N4 at 0.9 V while the scan rate is 50 mV/s. Thus, graphitic carbon nitride addition in MOF composites enhanced its durability and high carbon monoxide (CO) tolerance makes active catalysts in alkaline electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous sodium-ion battery is a safe and efficient system for large-scale energy storage due to low cost, abundant sodium supply, non-flammable aqueous neutral electrolyte and quick charge–discharge performance. The use of fluoride-based material as electrode material has a certain advantage due to high potential window and energy density. Exploring perovskite materials has advantage of corner-sharing matrix structure which helps in easy ion and electron diffusion. Herein, we synthesized the perovskite-structured NaNiF3 and its composite with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) by a simple and cost-effective approach by the combination of precipitation and hydrothermal route. The synthesized material is characterized by X-rays diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. Electrochemical performance for aqueous sodium-ion batteries is tested by cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. XRD confirms the perovskite structure of NaNiF3 and NaNiF3 // MWCNT. SEM shows the orthorhombic cube and cubical structure of NaNiF3 and NaNiF3 // MWCNT. Electrochemical results demonstrate the excellent performance with a specific capacity of 33 mAh g−1 and 57 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and shows excellent cyclic stability up to 500 cycles, indicating NaNiF3 // MWCNT as potential candidate among cathode material of aqueous sodium-ion battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous carbon dioxide (CO2) gas emissions associated with fossil fuel production, valorization, and utilization are serious challenges to the global environment. Therefore, several developments of CO2 capture, separation, transportation, storage, and valorization have been explored. Consequently, we documented a comprehensive review of the most advanced strategies adopted in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) for CO2 capture and separation. The enhancements in CO2 capture and separation are generally achieved due to the chemistry of MOFs by controlling pore window, pore size, open‐metal sites, acidity, chemical doping, post or pre‐synthetic modifications. The chemistry of defects engineering, breathing in MOFs, functionalization in MOFs, hydrophobicity, and topology are the salient advanced strategies, recently reported in MOFs for CO2 capture and separation. Therefore, this review summarizes MOF materials′ advancement explaining different strategies and their role in the CO2 mitigations. The study also provided useful insights into key areas for further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]