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Aims: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of Apigenin-7-Glycoside (AP7Glu), a natural product with known anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity, against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells. Methods: The effect of H2O2 and AP7Glu on cell viability was determined by XTT analysis. SOD and catalase analyses were performed to determine antioxidant enzyme activities. Expression levels of antioxidant defense system-related genes and caspase genes were evaluated by qRT-PCR analysis. Results: After treatment of 300 µM H2O2 to SH-SY5Y cells for 24 hours, cell viability was determined as 63.18% and this dose was used to induce oxidative stress. H2O2 treatment in the presence of different concentrations of AP7Glu increased cell viability compared to H2O2-treated cells. And, H2O2 decreased SOD and catalase enzyme activities compared to the control group. With the treatment of H2O2 in the presence of AP7Glu, an increase was observed in these enzyme activities compared to H2O2-treated cells. In addition, H2O2 decreased the expression levels of genes associated with the antioxidant defense system and increased the expression levels of Caspase genes. And, H2O2 treatment in the presence of AP7Glu increased the expression levels of genes associated with the antioxidant defense system and decreased CASP8 expression compared to H2O2-treated cells. Conclusion: AP7Glu has a neuroprotective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and neuronal cell death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the oxidative status in saliva between patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and systemically healthy controls in the context of periodontal health and to evaluate whether salivary oxidative status correlates with the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Materials and Methods: A total of 184 volunteers, 92 with MS and 92 systemically healthy volunteers, participated in the study. Each person underwent medical, neurological, and oral examinations. Saliva samples were taken, and myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactoferrin (LF), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were determined. Results: There were no differences in the periodontal parameters between the patients with MS and the healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). The NLR was higher in the patients with MS than in the controls (P = 0.000). However, patients with MS had non-significantly lower MPO levels and higher LF, TOS, and OSI levels than the controls (P > 0.050). There was a significant decrease in TAOC levels in the MS group (P = 0.016). There were higher TOS levels in the periodontally healthy patients with MS and higher OSI levels in the periodontitis - stage 2 patients with MS than those in the matched controls. There were also higher TAOC levels in the periodontitis - stage 3 MS group (P < 0.050). There were positive correlations between MPO, TAOC levels and the probing depths, the clinical attachment levels (CALs) in the MS and control groups. While higher periodontal parameters and MPO levels were associated with increased disability factors, the CALs and the TAOC and MPO levels were elevated in those with longer disease durations (P < 0.050). Conclusion: The periodontal findings in the patients with MS are not different from those in healthy controls; however, increased MPO and decreased TAOC levels in saliva and higher NLRs in patients with MS indicate a prominent ongoing systemic inflammation despite altered immune surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Laboratory Animal Science & Practices / Laboratuvar Hayvanlari Bilimi ve Uygulamalari Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Spor Hekimligi Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine is the property of Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine / Spor Hekimleri Dernegi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yeni Üroloji Dergisi is the property of Ali Ihsan Tasci and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of ileal transposition (IT) on plasma levels of the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), Catalase (CAT), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) in both rats with Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In the MetS model, newborn male Wistar albino rats were given MSG (4 g/mg) on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The control group was injected only saline. In the 5th month, sham and IT animals underwent selected surgery. 2 months after surgery TOS, TAS, OSI, SOD, NOX, CAT, and GSH levels were assessed in the plasma. Results: IT procedure significantly increased SOD and CAT levels in MetS + IT group when compared to the MetS group (SOD; MetS 1.75 ± 0.04, MetS+IT 2.1 ± 0.15, CAT; MetS 32.02 ± 1.73, MetS+IT 41.64 ± 1.18,). As expected, while GSH levels was increased in MetS+IT rats compared to MetS rats, but the difference was not significant (MetS 243.31 ± 6.36, MetS+IT 269.76 ± 9.17). The NOX activity was significantly lower in MetS+IT group than MetS and MetS+S groups (MetS 610.35 ± 26.25, MetS+IT 348.86 ± 14.12). Conclusion: These data revealed the healing effect of IT surgery against oxidative stress associated with MetS. The available data endorses IT surgery as an effective strategy to reduce oxidative damage in rats with MetS by modulating systemic oxidant and antioxidant responses.

The present study was carried out using Dinçer and Olas safflower varieties at 5 different salt (NaCl) concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) for 14 days. The germination percentages of the cultivars under salt conditions as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD and APX) and biochemical changes (protein and MDA) in the seedlings were determined. The germination percentage decreased with increased salt concentrations, and the greatest decrease in germination percentage was observed at a 200 mM salt concentration by 34% in both cultivars. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased at low salt concentrations, but decreased after 100 and 150 mM salt concentrations, respectively. Catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents, increased with increasing salt concentrations at Dinçer and Olas, but total soluble protein content decreased with increasing salt concentration. Peroxidase (POD) activity was not significantly affected by salt stress in safflower. Germination percentage showed negative correlations with CAT, MDA and H2O2 levels, and showed a positive correlation with soluble protein content under salt stress in safflower. The present results may be useful to identify mechanisms of salt tolerance involving antioxidant enzyme activities and biochemical changes in safflower seedlings.

Darbeli Elektromanyetik Alan (PEMF) elektromanyetik alanların iyonlaştırıcı olmayan formlarından biri olup nörodejeneratif bozuklukların semptomlarının tedavisi gibi çeşitli tıbbi problemler için alternatif bir tedavi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, yüksek doz hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) ile muamele edilen insan nöroblastoma hücre hattında kısa süreli 75 Hz frekanslı PEMF maruziyetinin glutatyon (GSH) miktarına etkilerini araştırmaktır. Hücreler üç deneysel gruba ayrılmıştır: (I) sham-kontrol; (II) H2O2 ile muamele edilen hücreler; (III) H2O2 muamelesinin ardından PEMF'ye maruz bırakılan hücreler. Hücre canlılığı ve glutatyon miktarı sırasıyla spektrofotometrik ve Yüksek Performanslı Likit Kromatografi (HPLC) teknikleri kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Yüksek doz H2O2 ile muamele edilen nöroblastoma hücre hattında muamele sonrası PEMF maruziyetinin oksidatif stresin zararlı etkilerine karşı sitoprotektif etkisinin, hücre canlılığında ve GSH miktarında artış ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) remains to be one of the most diagnosed cancer types among women around the world. Drug repurposing is suggested to be a convenient alternative for drug development in cancer treatment. Ivermectin, the antiparasitic agent produced by the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis, is currently being examined thoroughly in oncology and has begun to be seen as a potential drug candidate for BC therapy. However, studies are limited, and the exact anti-tumorigenic mechanism is not yet clarified in breast cancer. Methods: For elucidating the molecular mechanisms of Ivermectin's potential anticancer effects, we have examined its in vitro effects on BC cells in terms of cell viability, intracellular ROS levels, glutathione levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and DNA damage. Results: Ivermectin induces apoptosis via oxidative stress and DNA damage in BC cells. Conclusion: The in vitro mechanistic studies of promising anticancer agents for repurposing are essential guides for drug developers. For this purpose, ivermectin should be further studied as a drug candidate for its potential in the treatment of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Melatonin is a neurotransmitter released under oxidative stress condition and involved in a number of biological regulatory pathways, p-endorphin is a natural narcotic with morphine-like properties and similarly secreted from the pituitary gland in cases associated with pain and oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the melatonin and P-endorphin levels in maternal and cord blood serum of pregnant women who delivered by cesarean after normal labor started compared to pregnant women delivered by elective cesarean. Materials and Method: 80 pregnant women who gave birth by cesarean delivery were included. The cesarean deliveries performed after normal labor started consisted of Group(n=30), and the elective cesarean deliveries were included in Group 2(n=50). Sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical features of the groups were recorded. Serum samples from maternal and cord venous blood were analyzed for melatonin and P-endorphin levels were analyzed from. The data were compared between the two groups. Results: The umbilical cord melatonin levels and maternal P-endorphin levels both were found to be significantly increased in group 1, compared to group 2 (p=0.04; p=0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of maternal melatonin and maternal P-endorphin levels (p=0.18; p=0.16, respectively). Conclusion: The serum level of melatonin and P-endorphin which have known to be related with oxidative stress were found to be significantly increased in the cord blood, in cesarean deliveries performed after the onset of normal labor. This finding should be considered to indicate the possible physiological pathways through which melatonin and P-endorphin may take role at onset of spontaneous labor or during the spontaneous delivery process. Studies may be planned through neonatal follow-up to investigate the possible effects of melatonin and P-endorphin regarding to elective cesarean deliveries and cesarean deliveries after the onset of spontaneous labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 2.45 GHz electromagnetic radiation (EMR), which may cause hematological and biochemical changes in blood. We preferred Vitamin C (Vit C) for its protective properties effects against the effects of EMR exposure. Material and Method: For this study, 18 female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups with six animals in each: Sham, EMR and EMR+Vit C groups. Sham group: 0.1ml/day saline for 30 days, by oral gavage; EMR group: EMR, 1h/day for 30 days; EMR+Vit C group: EMR, 1h/day for 30 days+Vit C 250 mg/kg/daily, by oral gavage. White Blood Cell (WBC), Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Eosinophil, Basophil, Red Blood Cell (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Htc), Mean Erythrocyte Volume (MCV), Red Cell Distribution Width-SD (RDW-SD), Red Cell Distribution Width-CV (RDW-CV), Thrombocyte (PLT), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Platelet Crit (PCT) and Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) counts were measured. Lymphocyte DNA damage was assessed by comet assay, additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and catalase (CAT) activity were evaluated. Results: Comet analysis score and P-LCR counts were increased in EMR group compared to Sham group (p<0.05). We observed a decrease in comet analysis score and P-LCR counts after Vit C treatment compared to the finding in EMR group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that EMR at the frequency generated by a cell phone causes lymphocyte DNA break and increases P-LCR level. Vit C seems to reduce lymphocyte DNA damage and P-LCR level caused by EMF exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the protective effects of baicalin (BAI) in rats exposed to cypermethrin (CYP). A total of 40 Wistar Albino male rats, 10 in each group, aged 6 to 8 weeks and weighing 180 to 220 g, were utilized for this experiment. The groups were determined, respectively, control, BAI (50 mg kg-1), CYP (25 mg kg-1), and CYP (25 mg kg-1) + BAI (50 mg kg-1). At the end of the 21-day trial period, blood samples were collected from rats by cardiac puncture into test tubes with anticoagulant and non-anticoagulant properties under intraperitoneal ketamine and xylazine anesthesia. Afterward, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the liver, kidney, brain, testis, heart and lung tissues were removed. Glutathione, NO, and MDA levels and GPx, GR, GST, SOD, and CAT enzyme activities in tissue and blood (plasma and erythrocyte) samples were measured on a microplate reader by a spectrophotometry method, whereas LDH, AST, ALT, ALP, triglyceride, cholesterol, albumin, total protein, BUN, uric acid and creatinine levels/activities in serum were measured on a Roche Cobas autoanalyzer. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that the parameters of the BAI group were similar to those of the control group (P>0.05). When the CYP-exposed group was compared to the control group, it was discovered that there was a statistically considerable decrease in tissue GSH levels as well as GPx, GR, GST, SOD, and CAT enzyme activities (P<0.05). A significant increase was recorded in MDA and NO levels (P<0.05). Additionally, while serum total protein and albumin levels decreased, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, cholesterol, triglyceride, BUN, uric acid, and creatinine levels/activities increased (P<0.05). The effects of CYP were partially or completely ameliorated in the CYP and BAI co-administered group. Consequently, it was revealed that BAI may have a protective effect against CYP-induced oxidative damage in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and promoting antioxidant system activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mersin University School of Medicine Lokman Hekim Journal of History of Medicine & Folk Medicine is the property of Mersin University School of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anatolian Clinic Journal of Medical Sciences is the property of Hayat Saglik ve Sosyal Hizmetler Vakfi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS) / Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Oguz KARABAY and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Methotrexate (MTX), a drug used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancers, is a folic acid antagonist, but it has toxic effects on the gastrointestinal system (GIS). In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of Ramelteon (RAM), a melatonin receptor agonist, on the MTX-induced toxicity in the intestinal tissue of rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; Control group, MTX group, MTX + RAM group, and RAM group. Single-dose 0.1 mL 20 mg/kg MTX, saline or 0.1 mL 10 mg/kg RAM orally was administered for 7 days. Animals were sacrificed at the end of 7 days after the last drug administration. Then, intestinal tissues were collected for biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: While normal histological findings and biochemical parameters were observed in the control and RAM groups, in the MTX group, mononuclear cell infiltrations, hemorrhagic areas, degenerations in the submucosa and Lieberkuhn crypts were observed in the intestinal sections. Caspase-3 (Cas-3) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expressions, total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) increased and total antioxidant status (TAS) decreased in the MTX group. RAM treatment decreased Cas-3 and TNF-α expressions, TOS, OSI levels and increased TAS levels. Conclusion: In this study, RAM showed anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on MTX-induced toxicity in intestinal tissue. Therefore, it was suggested that RAM might be used in MTX-like toxicities to alleviate the side effects on the GIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although no definite reason has been found in studies to determine the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder, increasing evidence in the literature suggests that oxidative stress plays a role in the development and clinical manifestation of autism. Our study was designed to investigate whether peroxynitrite, a powerful oxidant, can be used as a supportive biochemical marker in the evaluation of the relationship between oxidative stress and autism, and as far as we have researched, it is the first study to measure serum peroxynitrite levels in children with autism. Methods: In our study, serum peroxynitrite levels of 40 children with autism between the ages of 3-12 and 40 healthy controls in the same age group were measured. In addition, the relationship between peroxynitrite level and autism severity was evaluated. The severity of autism symptoms was evaluated according to Childhood Autism Rating Scale scores. Results: In our study, a statistically significant difference was found between children with autism and control groups in terms of peroxynitrite values (p=0,010). Our data show that there is no significant relationship between peroxynitrite levels and autism severity (p=0,527). Conclusion: Our findings show that peroxynitrite levels are higher in the group with autism, consistent with the growing evidence that oxidative stress is increased in autism, pointing to the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of autism. It is thought that studies designed by considering strong oxidants such as peroxynitrite and combinations of different biomarkers in this pathway may provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder and may guide potential treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to compare the impact of midazolam, propofol, dexmedetomidine infusions for 24th hour on total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stres index (OSI) and prolidase levels. Material and Method: 75 patient ICU patient who were mechanically ventilated enrolled to the study. Patients randomised to three groups. Group I (n=25, midazolam): 0.02 mg/ kg/h midazolam, Group II (n = 25, propofol): 1mg/kg/h propofol, Group III (n=25, dexmedetomidine): 0.2 µg/ kg/h dexmedetomidine infusions was started. Dosage were arrange to achieve Ramsay sedation score 3. Blood samples were collected in basal, 6.,12.,18., 24. hour, and hemodynamic parameters were also recorded in the same time intervals. Results: In midazolam group 24. hour TAS levels were significantly decreased and TOS, prolidase and OSI levels were significantly increased compared to the basal level (p<0.05). 24. hour TAS levels were significantly decreased and TOS, prolidase and OSI levels were significantly increased compared to basal level in propofol group (p<0,05). In dexmedotimidine groups 24.hour TAS and prolidase levels were significantly decreased, OSI levels were increased compared to the basal levels (p<0.05). Increase in TOS levels were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Basal TAS, TOS, prolidase, OSI levels were not statistically significantly between the different groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine was found to be having statistically significant favorable results in comparison to others. However there results should be clinically and molecularity verified with large scale further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Doxorubicin (Dox) is an antineoplastic drug used in chemotherapy. Nephrotoxicity is one of the important side effects that limit the use of Dox. It is known that lercanidipine (Ler), a calcium channel blocker, has antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Lercanidipine (Ler) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in Dox-induced kidney damage in rats. Material and Method: Twenty-four adult male rats were divided into 3 equal groups: control, Dox (20 mg/kg Dox intraperitoneally once on day 8) and Dox+Ler (20 mg/kg Dox intraperitoneally once on day 8, 2 mg/kg Ler by oral gavage every day for 10 days). At the end of the study, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels were measured from the serum of rats. Also, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity determined from kidney tissues. In addition, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) cytochrome c (sit c) and caspase-3 (Cas-3) mRNA expression levels in kidney tissue were analyzed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction method. Also, histopathological changes were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: In our study, Dox administration elevated BUN, creatinine, TOS and oxidative stress index, while decreasing SOD activity and TAS levels. In addition, while the expression of proapoptotic markers (Bax, sit c and Cas-3) increased in the Dox group, the expression of Bcl-2, an antiapoptotic factor, decreased. In histological examinations, findings indicating kidney damage due to Dox exposure were observed. But, the Ler administration showed protective effects by limiting all the changes related to Dox in the kidney. Conclusion: Our study shows that Ler may be a potential candidate drug for preventing Dox-induced kidney damage by showing antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tepecik Education & Research Hospital / İzmir Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dergisi is the property of Logos Medical Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Erciyes Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was designed to investigate the changes in total oxidant (TOS)/antioxidant (TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in liver and kidney tissues of mice pre-treatment of artemisinin against oxidative stress that may occur in mice administered pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Swiss albino mice (Male) (n=42) were used in the study. The mice were divided into six groups and each group had seven animals (n=7): (1) Control (C) /saline Group, (2) PTZ (35 mg/kg) Group, (3) Valproate (VPA) (100 mg/kg) + PTZ Group, (4) Artemisinin (ART) (30 mg/kg) + PTZ Group, (5) ART (60 mg/kg) + PTZ Group, (6) ART (120 mg/kg) + PTZ Group. Mice received injections intraperitoneally (ip). After the treatments, the animals were observed for seizures for 30 minutes. On the last day (day 26) of the experiment, the PTZ loading dose (75 mg/kg) was administered to the mice and then the animals were sacrificed. TAS, TOS and OSI levels were measured in liver and kidney tissue. PTZ increased TOS and decreased TAS in liver and kidney tissue. ART significantly increased TAS and decreased TOS in liver tissue at increasing doses (p<0.05). ART was not very effective in kidney tissue. However, TAS levels in kidney tissue were significantly higher when VPA was compared with other groups (p<0.05). In this study, it can be assumed that PTZ-induced oxidative stress may be due to the activation of glutamate receptors in peripheral tissues. ART may have a protective effect against liver damage due to PTZinduced oxidative stress and hypoxia. This effect may be due to the antioxidant capacity of ART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Sağlik Bilimleri Tip Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

İleri glikasyon son ürünleri, çok çeşitli yapısal ve fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip, herhangi bir canlı organizmada oluşan ve enzimatik olmayan bileşiklerdir. İleri glikasyon son ürünleri reseptöre veya doğrudan hücre dışı matrikse bağlanır ve hücre dışı moleküllerin istenilen şekilde çalışmamasına yol açar. İleri glikasyon son ürünleri ve reseptör etkileşimleri inflamasyon, oksidatif stres, vasküler hiperpermeabilite ile sonuçlanarak vaskülatürde homeostatik bozulmaya neden olur. Oksidatif bozukluklar ve inflamasyon; gestasyonel diyabet, preeklemsi, erken doğum, erken membran rüptürü ve tekrarlayan gebelik kaybı gibi olumsuz gebelik sonuçları ile ilişkilidir. Literatüre bakıldığında inflamasyon fetal membranları zayıflatarak erken rüptüre ve erken doğuma sebep olabilmektedir. İleri glikasyon son ürünleri düzeyinin yüksek olması ve bozulmuş metabolik durumun gebelikte preeklemsinin fizyopatolojisine etki ettiği gestasyonel diabetes mellitus ve tekrarlayan gebelik kayıpları ile ilişkilendirildiği belirtilmektedir. Çalışmalar, gebelik ve AGE’lerin düzeyi arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. AGE’ler ve gebelik arasındaki nedensel ilişkiyi bulmak için daha iyi tasarlanmış çalışmalar yapılması literatür açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Purpose: Aging is related to multiple and systemic dysfunctions in the body, accompanied by metabolic disorders and oxidative stress. Although studies are revealing the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in aging-related pathologies, this relationship has not been fully elucidated. In this study, it was aimed to reveal changes in liver function, plasma lipids, and oxidative stress markers due to aging and gender, and to investigate how these parameters change with ER stress inhibitor tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) treatment. Materials and Methods: Young (4 months old) and old (24 months old) Wistar albino male and female rats were used in the experiments. The administration of ER stress inhibitor TUDCA was performed for 4 weeks (150 mg/kg/day, ip). Liver function markers (AST and ALT), plasma lipids (LDL, HDL, TG and total cholesterol), and oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde, (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)) levels were measured in plasma samples. Results: ER stress inhibition with TUDCA decreased AST levels, increased HDL value, decreased TG value, and decreased MDA and MPO levels in the elderly. The effects on some parameters varied depending on gender. Conclusion: Considering the role of oxidative stress and metabolic disorders in the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases, it is thought that these results will contribute to the development of treatment approaches targeting ER stress inhibition in aging.

Kanser tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların etkileri yalnızca kanser hücrelerine özgü olmayıp sağlıklı hücreleri de olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada antikanser bir ilaç olan paklitaksel’in (PAX) böbrek dokusundaki olası zararlı etkilerine karşı antioksidan etkileriyle öne çıkan silimarin’in (SLY) olası koruyucu etkilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlandı. Toplam 28 adet Sprague-Dawley cinsi dişi sıçandan rastgele bir seçimle: Kontrol, PAX, SLY ve PAX + SLY olmak üzere dört grup (n=7) oluşturuldu. PAX grubuna 2 mg/kg intraperitoneal yolla PAX, SLY grubuna oral gavaj sonda ile 100 mg/kg SLY, PAX + SLY grubuna ise önceki gruplarla aynı doz ve yolla PAX ve SLY uygulandı. Deneysel işlemlerin sonunda hayvanlardan alınan kan ve böbrek dokularında yapılan biyokimyasal analizlerde PAX’ın, böbrek dokusunda oksidatif stresi, serumda ise kreatinin (Cr) ve kan üre azotu (blood urea nitrogen, BUN) seviyelerini artırdığı tespit edildi. Böbrek dokusunda yapılan histopatolojik incelemelerde PAX’ın renal korpüskül atrofisi, fırçamsı kenarda hasar, vakuolar dejenerasyon ve deskuamasyon gibi patolojik değişikliklere yol açtığı gözlendi. Antienflamatuar, antiapoptotik ve antioksidan etkilere sahip bir farmakolojik ajan olan SLY uygulanması ise, PAX kullanımı sonucu meydana bu gelen patolojik değişiklikleri büyük oranda engelledi. Mevcut çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar PAX ile yapılacak tedavilerde böbrek dokusunda şekillenecek zararlı etkilere karşı koruyucu olarak SLY’nin kullanılabileceğini gösterdi.

Aim: We aimed to investigate whether monocyte/high density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has a predictive value in patients with schizophrenia (SP) and in schizophrenia patients with stable coronary artery disease (SPCAD). Material and Method: A total of 281 participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Of the participants, 85 (Group 1) were diagnosed schizophrenia and stable coronary artery disease, and 92 (Group 2) were diagnosed only schizophrenia. 104 (Group 3) participants in the control group had no disease. Results: MHR was highest in group 1 and higher in group 2 than in group 3 (18.91 (13.38-23.60) vs. 13.68 (11.11-16.66) vs. 12.50 (9.13-15.68), respectively; p

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the oxidant and antioxidant parameters in follicular fluid and embryo culture medium in IVF cycles and investigate their effects on embryo quality, fertilization success, and pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients who underwent IVF/ICSI were included in this prospective study. Two hundred sixty of a total of 454 follicular fluids and the cell culture media of transferred fifty-one embryos (one from each patient) were examined. Antioxidant activity (AOA), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), thiobarbiturate reactive substances (TBARS), ferric antioxidant power (FRAP), paraoxonase, nitrotyrosine were analyzed. Results: TBARS were significantly lower in the follicular fluid of fertilized oocytes than in non-fertilized oocytes (21 vs. 29.75 nmol/ml). There was no difference in terms of other parameters. TEAC levels were higher in oocytes in the agonist protocol group than in the antagonist protocol group. In terms of embryo quality, there were no differences between the groups in any analysis. TEAC levels were higher in the embryo cell culture medium in the group that became pregnant after embryo transfer on the second day. Conclusion: When oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters were evaluated in both follicle fluid and embryo cell culture medium, it was determined that lipid peroxidation negatively affected fertilization. However, there is no significant difference in terms of embryo quality and pregnancy rates.

This article aims to explain the altered oxidative status and thiol/disulfide homeostasis before and after surgery in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Objective: Valproic acid (2-propyl valeric acid; VPA) is an effective short-chained fatty acid which is used for the treatment of migraine and schizophrenia. Though it provides effective treatment, its side effects are associated with free radicals and in this way it affects many organs and tissues. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is known to be a powerful antioxidant. Material and Methods: The aim of this current study was to investigate the protection of ALA on VPA induced lens injury. Female rats were split into four groups as follows: 1st group, control animals (corn oil per day for 15 days); 2nd group, ALA administered group (50 mg per kg each day for 15 days); 3rd group, VPA administered group (500 mg per kg each day for 15 days) and 4th group, VPA and ALA administered group to which the same dose was given at the same time each day. On the 16th day, lens tissues were taken. Results: Lens glutathione levels and glutathione-S-transferase activities were decreased while lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were elevated after VPA administration. ALA reversed these levels and activities in the VPA group. Conclusion: We can conclude that ALA used its antioxidant property and ameliorated VPA induced lens injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oxytocin (OXT) has been reported to have promising therapeutic potential due to its antioxidant properties in vincristine (VCR) and cisplatin (CP) induced peripheral neuropathy in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The cerebral cortex is responsible for sense, perception, and memory. Damage to these parts of the brain can lead to impairment of central nervous system functions. However, the effectiveness of OXT in toxicity caused by vincristine and cisplatin in cortical neurons has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of OXT in VCR and CP-induced cortical neuron cell culture toxicity via biochemically measuring TAS-TOS levels and immunohistochemically determining 8-OHDG expression. Methods: Cortical neuronal cells were exposed to different concentrations of VCR and CP, and also after the neuronal cells were exposed to OXT (1 µM) for 5 minutes, VCR and CP concentrations were applied to the cells. Cell viability was determined using the MTT method. TAC and TOS were measured for antioxidant/oxidant activity. The expression of 8-OHdG was investigated as an indicator of oxidative DNA damage. Results: Administration of OXT before CP and VCR exposure was able to protect against neuronal cytotoxicity. TAS levels increased positively correlated with in cells exposed to OXT+ VCR and OXT+ CP, while TOS levels and DNA damage (8-OHdG levels) negatively correlated. Conclusion: OXT alleviated the toxic effects of VCR and CP-induced cortical neuron toxicity by increasing the TAS levels, while decreasing TOS levels and DNA damages. According to the results of this study, OXT has the potential to be used protective agent for anticancer agents induced toxicity. However, further studies are needed to clarify mechanisms of action of OXT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disease characterized by partial obstruction of the airway during sleep, and in severe cases, brainstem damage may be observed due to hypooxygenation. The cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) test is an easy, non-invasive test for detecting brainstem damage. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the validity of the cVEMP test in detecting brain stem damage that may develop in severe OSAS patients. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on 40 patients (80 ears) who applied to the sleep center between September 2021 and January 2022. The study was planned over two groups as control and severe OSAS. Twenty patients with an Apnea-Hypoapnea Index (AHI) value below 5 were included in the control group, and 20 patients with an AHI value above 30 and oxygen saturation below 65% were included in the OSAS group. In addition to the routine audiometric examination of the patients, the cVEMP test was performed. Results: When statistically compared, no significant difference was observed between the control and OSAS groups in terms of age, gender and body mass index values (p>0.05). Considering the cVEMP results, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of p1, n1, p2, n2, p1n1 amplitude and p1n1 interval values, but no significant difference was observed in terms of n2p2 amplitude and interval values. Conclusion: Studies have shown that the cVEMP test is a useful method for evaluating brainstem damage, especially in diseases such as Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. These results show that the cVEMP test, which is an inexpensive and non-invasive method, can be used to detect brainstem damage in severe OSAS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the alone and combined effects of ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) and acute exhaustive exercise on thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH) in male rats. Four experimental groups were formed with total 32 rats. Animals in the control and exercise groups received 2 mL/kg of 0.9% saline solution 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while the others in the ginkgo biloba and ginkgo biloba plus exercise groups received 100 mg/kg of EGb761 for the same duration. At the end of this period, rats in groups E and GB+E were made to run on a treadmill at 25 m/min at 5% incline until exhaustion. All plasma samples were evaluated for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and TDH. The findings of the study showed that exercise significantly increased MDA levels (P < .001) and SOD activity (P < .05) in group GB+E, while only MDA levels were decreased significantly (P < .05) in group GB. On the other hand, neither exercise nor EGb761 could affect the NO levels and the parameters related to TDH (P > .05). Although EGb761 can prevent oxidative stress by reducing MDA, its usage in exercise still needs to be further investigated, especially in terms of TDH that is a new important oxidative stress marker [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effects of oxidative stress and lipid profiles on the hypothalamus of rats fed with acute high-dose fructose and the possible contribution of leflunomide to these effects. Totally 48 Spraque–Dawley male rats 12-16 weeks old, weighing 250-300 g were included and were randomly divided into 6 groups; group 1: control, group 2: carboxymethyl cellulose+control, group 3: leflunomide, group 4: acute high-dose fructose, group 5: acute highdose fructose+carboxymethyl cellulose, and group 6: acute high-dose fructose+leflunomide. Acute high-dose fructose groups were given 63% fructose solution for 24 hours after 48 hours of fasting. Since leflunomide is not soluble in water, it was dissolved in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose solution and 10 mg/kg/day of leflunomide was administered orally in the morning and evening. After 72 hours, the rats were sacrificed under general anesthesia and the hypothalamus tissue was removed. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, total antioxidant-oxidant status (TAS-TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were determined from the obtained hypothalamus tissue using commercial kits based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. There was no significant difference between the groups in total antioxidant level. A significant increase was found in the TOS and OSI levels in fourth group vs first group (P <0.001). In the treatment groups, a statistically significant decrease was observed with leflunomide (P <.05). A statistically significant decrease was detected in LDL and total cholesterol levels in sixth group versus fourth group (P <.05). In this study, the importance of Leflunomide in reducing oxidative stress and lipid profile in high fructose-fed rats was determined. In conclusion, Leflunomide may be promising in reducing brain damage due to oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acibadem Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Acibadem University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MN Cardiology / MN Kardiyoloji is the property of Medical Network and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We aimed to evaluate the cerebroprotective effects of Yizhitongmai Granule and its decomposed recipes on vascular dementia (VD) rats via the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. Sixty rats were randomly divided into Sham, VD Model, Yizhitongmai Recipe, Bushen Recipe, Tongluo Recipe and positive control groups (n=10). From 12 d after operation, Yizhitongmai Recipe, Bushen Recipe and Tongluo Recipe groups were gavaged with corresponding drug liquid. The drugs were administered at 2 mL once a day for 28 consecutive days. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in hippocampal tissues were detected using biochemical methods. Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-1ß were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of neuronal growth-associated protein-43 (GAP43), synaptophysin (SYN), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), NLRP3 and Caspase-1. Compared with the Model group, the number of apoptotic cells, levels of ROS, LDH, TNF-a, IL-18, IL-1ß, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 decreased, and the levels of SOD, T-AOC, GAP43, SYN and AQP4 increased in the Yizhitongmai Recipe, Bushen Recipe and Tongluo Recipe groups (P<0.05). However, the Bushen Recipe and Tongluo Recipe groups had similar indices (P>0.05). Compared with the Bushen Recipe and Tongluo Recipe groups, the Yizhitongmai Recipe group had fewer apoptotic cells, decreased levels of ROS, LDH, TNF-a, IL-18, IL-1ß, NLRP3 and Caspase-1, and increased levels of SOD, T-AOC, GAP43, SYN and AQP4 (P<0.05). Yizhitongmai Granule and its decomposed recipes can protect hippocampal neurons, relieve oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by hypoperfusion brain injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to evaluate oxidative stress using markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in sheep naturally infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). A total of 30 Morkaraman breed sheep were used in this study. Blood samples were obtained from 10 healthy control sheep and 20 sheep naturally infected with T. gondii. malondialdehyde, GSH, TOS and TAC levels were determined in serum samples. The ratio of serum TOS to TAC levels was assessed as OSI. While the serum MDA level increased significantly (P<0.01), the serum TAC and TOS levels decreased significantly (P<0.01) in naturally infected with T. gondii sheep. There were no different for serum GSH and OSI in between the groups (P>0.05). Negative correlation (P<0.01) between TAC and OSI and a positive correlation (P<0.01) between TOS and MDA were determined in naturally infected with T. gondii sheep. In conclusion, the results of study suggested that OSI, TAC and MDA could be used as indicator of oxidative stress for sheep naturally infected with T. gondii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical complication of pregnancy, characterized by β-cell dysfunction and metabolic defects of insulin resistance in pregnancy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of 50 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on oxidative stress and interleukin-8 (IL-8) parameters in prediabetic pregnant women. Materials and Methods: Fasting and one hour blood samples were collected from 79 pregnant women who were administered 50 g OGTT. Patients with a one hour blood glucose level of 140--200 mg/dL were considered as the prediabetic group. Thereafter, routine biochemical parameters and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) parameters were measured from the serum samples taken during fasting and at one hour. Results: The serum GPx and SOD levels of the prediabetic group (n=37) were remarkably lower than that of the control group (n=42) (p<0.05). Whereas the serum IL-8 levels of the prediabetic group were significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). When the fasting and one hour levels of the parameters (SOD, GPx, IL-8 and MDA) were compared during OGTT, SOD levels were significantly decreased (p<0.001) and IL-8 levels were significantly higher (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in serum MDA levels of the prediabetic group compared to the control group (p=0.354). Conclusions: In conclusion, it was found that serum GPx and SOD levels decreased, while serum IL-8 levels increased in prediabetic pregnant women; however, when 50 g OGTT was administered to these patients, SOD levels decreased and IL-8 levels increased. These results we obtained suggest that oxidative stress and systemic inflammation that are already present in prediabetic pregnant women may be triggered by 50 g OGTT, posing negative risk factors for pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]