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This paper attempts to explore the thematic dimensions of Claude Wheeler's philosophy about life and death in Willa Cather's One of Ours (1922), which seem to be vague and complex at the same time. This philosophy that Claude develops through his relationships with the surroundings and the people around him governs the way he thinks about life and death, and thus veers and reshapes his torrent of thought that he made within in terms of several aspects pertaining to his psychological, romantic, spiritual, and military life. Despite the fact that Claude Wheeler is an ambiguous character who seeks for more harmony with his ideal self, his personality weakness functions as a motivating factor for more self-development and personality growth. Wheeler deeply and philosophically recognizes this desire which finally enables him to critically understand the meaning of his life much better through ideals and values he establishes for himself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Educational Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article delves into the moral and legal status of robots, exploring the relevance of recognizing their moral standing and the implications for legal rights. It discusses different philosophical approaches, including the agency-based approach, which emphasizes moral agency and rational autonomy as criteria for ascribing moral status and rights to robots, and the concept of indirect duties in the context of the sophistication of AI systems.

Recent philosophical accounts of discrimination face challenges in accommodating robust intuitions about the particular way in which it is wrongful—most prominently, the intuition that discriminatory actions intrinsically violate equality irrespective of their contingent consequences. The paper suggests that we understand the normative structure of discrimination in a way that is different from the one implicitly assumed by these accounts. It argues that core discriminatory wrongs—such as segregation in Apartheid South Africa—divide into two types, corresponding to violations of relational and distributive equality; and that a pluralistic view of the internal structure of each type should be adopted. This normative structure serves to appropriately vindicate the mentioned intuitions; it also contributes to clarifying the normative underpinnings of legal concepts associated with discrimination (including the distinctions between direct and indirect, or 'disparate treatment/impact' discrimination, and intentional vs. unintentional discrimination), and developing a more productive public discourse around allegations of discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I outline and defend a traditional yet controversial view of conceptual analysis, particularly as it is used in epistemology. I will defend the view against a number of objections, all of which focus on the idea that conceptual analysis relies upon linguistic intuitions. Rather than trying to deny this claim, I will seek to vindicate the use of conceptual analysis within epistemology even given its reliance on linguistic intuitions. To do so, I first outline the view of conceptual analysis I have in mind and then respond to three broad objections from Quill Kukla, Allan Hazlett and Stephen Stich. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dialogue: Canadian Philosophical Review is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dialogue: Canadian Philosophical Review is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Philosophical problems are usually existential. Which are decisive because they question reality. Labor exploitation has an existential nature because it affects our way of life. Therefore, it touches the most sensitive fibers of philosophy. In that sense, the purpose of this article is to approach the aforementioned topic through philosophical analysis. Our reflection focuses on the 21st century. For this purpose, we analyze five concepts from current philosophers regarding the precariousness of work activity. Likewise, we enter into dialogue with some contributions from political economy. One of the conclusions drawn by this research establishes that labor exploitation is made invisible and normalized by the current conception of work, supported by market ethics, the same one that conceives human production outside the subject. Which has as a consequence the degradation of the subject to an object for work, subordinating it to capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research data shows fear to be the predominant emotion accompanying thoughts of one's own death. This is because there's no convincing evidence of exactly what to expect thereafter. There's also considerable confusion about which of the three main traditional hypotheses1 of the 'after-life' is correct. The problem is that none of them can be empirically proven to be true. The upside is that this allows for equally plausible alternatives. In this essay I present a fourth, more reassuring, hypothesis that's much more useful in reducing the fear of death and the 'there-after.'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In organizational consulting, the individual is part of the collective whole which fits David Hume's description of a naturally self-interested person in an artificial world. The description of the emotional reaction a person has to experience ties directly to the artificial virtues of property as resources and the rules, or formal procedures and policies governing resources in an organization. Further, language regarding 'allegiance' and political change are meaningful in organizational change. The philosophical move towards considering the disinterested spectator allows for individuals to review policies, procedures, and processes in organizational change initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian War, the cancelling of Russian culture, and the broad discussion of the Ukrainian postcolonial situation have increased attention to Ukrainian culture and artistic heritage. In this context, the war experience of Ukrainian artists of past generations is of particular importance. The paper focuses on Borys Liatoshynsky, the prominent twentieth-century Ukrainian composer, survivor of two world wars, with each leaving a deep mark on his life and creative philosophy. Direct access to archival documents sheds light on how Liatoshynsky perceived and comprehended the reality of the war and how it influenced his evolution as a composer. Relying on previously published during his lifetime and posthumous sources, as well as on the yet unpublished archival sources, this paper provides insights into the redacted passages of the later publications about the composer, from which significant factual or emotionally charged fragments disappeared during the editing. A careful analysis of archival sources from the collection of the Central State Archives and Museum of Literature and Arts of Ukraine proves that Liatoshynsky strongly resisted the glorification of the war and avoided talking about the war past in the officially endorsed manner. For the composer, the wars brought deeply traumatic experiences, causing suffering, forcing him to postpone life and switch to "survival mode." Special focus is made on the contrast between the rise of artistic life after the First World War and the repressions after the Second World War. Liatoshynsky's music created during the war and postwar years has provided great support for Ukrainians who are now fighting for their independence and right to exist. The paper also emphasizes that the experience of each war is unique, and the Russian-Ukrainian War requires artists and cultural scholars to produce new meanings and concepts rather than to look for ready-made answers in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pragmatist rejects the possibility that we can step outside our conceptual scheme in order to assess its correspondence to an unconceptualized reality. Consequently, it seems, she can describe a certain sort of conceptual change, namely, inter-vocabulary change, as rational only retrospectively. In a recent paper, Matthew Shields attempts to show otherwise. He argues that the speaker of such change ought to be understood as performing the speech act of metalinguistic proposal, supposition, or stipulation, and that, thus understood, her utterance is amenable to rational analysis. In this paper, I argue that Shields' attempt fails. My aim is to show not that we pragmatists remain in search of a solution to this problem but rather that we do not need one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – This research is a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of Trump's speech on January 6, 2021, which results in his supporters' storming the US Capitol in order to challenge certifying Biden's victory. The Democrats accused Trump of incitement of insurrection. Consequently, Trump was impeached. This article investigates Trump's speech to label it as hate speech or free speech. Design/methodology/approach – Analytical framework is tri-dimensional. The textual analysis is based on Halliday's notion of process types and Huckin's discourse tools of foregrounding and topicalization. The socio-cognitive analysis is based on Van Dijk's ideological square and his theory of mental models. The philosophical dimension is founded on Habermas's theory of discourse. These parameters are the cornerstones of the barometer that will be utilized to reach an objective evaluation of Trump's speech. Findings – Findings suggest that Trump usually endows “I, We, You” with topic positions to lay importance on himself and his supporters. He frequently uses material process to urge the crowds' action. He categorizes Americans into two conflicting poles: He and his supporters versus the media and the Democrats. Mental models are created and activated so that the other is always negatively depicted. Reports about corruption are denied in court. Despite that, Trump repeats such reports. This is immoral in Habermas's terms. The study concludes that Trump delivered hate speech in order to incite the mob to act in a manner that may change the election results. Originality/value – The study is original in its tri-dimensional framework and its data of analysis.

Issue: Expectations of reflection run high in medical practice and medical education; it is claimed as a means to many ends. In this article, the authors do not reject the value of reflection for medical education and medical practitioners, but they still ask why reflection can (potentially) yield so many different benefits, and what that implies for the status of reflection in medical education practice. Evidence: Based on a conceptual analysis of debates about reflection in the philosophical tradition, the authors argue that there are two quintessential gaps that play a role in the proliferation of (potential) benefits. First, reflection deals with bridging the gap between theory and practice; second, it deals with bridging the gap between the individual sense and communal sense. These gaps prevent the systematization of reflection, and they are fundamental to human thinking and experience in any situated environment, which led contemporary research on reflection to list a wide variety of benefits. Implications: The authors argue that if reflection resists systematization, it cannot be learned by following rules or protocols, but only practiced. Then, reflection should no longer be taught and researched as an individual skill one learns, nor as a means to some particular, beneficial end. Rather, one should practice reflection, and experience what it means to be part of a community wherein professionals jump the theory–practice gap constantly in a myriad of situations. Based on their analysis, the authors provide three concrete recommendations for reflection in medical education. First, to give precedence to reflective activities that encompass both gaps wherein situated examples can flourish; second, to use reflective guidelines as sources of inspiration; third, to show reserve about assessing reflection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the interdependence of debt and guilt and proposes a shift in theoretical focus to examine the processes of indebtment and the construction of guilt. The author suggests that these processes serve as apparatuses of temporalization, producing and shaping time and calls for the exploration of alternative temporalizations that uncouple money and time.

Historically, the terms "school archive" refer to archives that are derived from an educational entity at middle or high school. However, the scientific literature gives us other examples, in which "school archives" are presented as a broad concept, which can also identify, in certain cases, archives from universities. In this sense, the term is limited for some uses, since educational laws often present levels of education that differ or extend the three mentioned, in different jurisdictions. This article, therefore, seeks to characterize and analyze the concept of "school archive", considering its multiple epistemological perspectives. Methodologically, it uses Rodgers' (2000) strategy of concept analysis, which allows the identification of common attributes, history, and consequences of the use of this concept. It has been considered, from the analysis carried out, that the term adheres to certain educational contexts, but from a more limited spectrum, it fails to represent the specificities required for each educational level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A common worry regarding normative supervenience theses is that they are easily trivialized unless we somehow restrict the set of descriptive base properties on which the normative properties supervene. The idea is that if all descriptive properties are included in the base, any two individuals that share all their base properties must be the same individual in the same world, from which it follows that they have the same normative properties. We argue that this trivial explanation for unrestricted normative supervenience fails. Moreover, we argue that even if it succeeded, this wouldn't undermine the explanation challenges associated with normative supervenience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an analysis of Plato's use of the embassy to Achilles in Homer's Iliad book 9 as a literary template for Crito's mission to persuade Socrates to escape from prison in Athens. Plato's purpose is to elevate the nature of a hero by contrasting the impulsive, impetuous, mercurial temper of Achilles with the steady, thoughtful, deliberative, calmly rational argument of Socrates. Plato shows, in a volley fired at the poet, how the philosopher is more meaningfully heroic than the warrior, for where the warrior aims selfishly at securing his own honor, the philosopher aims at political virtue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it mean to recognize something as a work of art? In this paper, I approach the question, first, through a discussion of Stanley Cavell's likening of the recognition of artworks to the recognition of persons; and, second, through a discussion of the tendency, especially during the artistic period of Modernism, to compare artworks not to persons but to monsters. My claim is that, far from contradicting Cavell's insight, the comparison of artworks to monsters sheds light on the structure of aesthetic recognition as Cavell correctly understands it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The multiplication of information exchange in the internet era inevitably also extends into aggressive communication, especially because communicating via digital devices produces a false feeling of impunity. In this context, it is worth inquiring how to defi ne hate speech (1) and in what manner such elements of the speech act are realised – identity, sender, intention (illocutionary content), receiver, perlocution – in the case of a hateful communication (2). Methods: To reach these research goals, it is necessary to analyse basic legal concepts describing hate speech, then compare them and determine the context of communication acts with similar intention and defi ned in the penal code. These include defamation, insult, and punishable threat in the penal code, which are akin to hate speech. Results and cognitive value: This consideration has been presented with the help of the philosophy of language, to build a model of such communication and also to show its limiting features, i.e., this kind of transmission of information seems to contradict the essence of communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Philosophy, Culture & Political Science is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research deals with the book (Stylistics and Style) by Dr. Abd al-Salam al- Masadi, in which he dealt with stylistic issues and the problems faced by stylistics as a modern science that is drawn within intellectual currents and ancient and modern theoretical trends. In which the author wrote his book, it was an abstract and elicit language, and perhaps specialized in some cases, due to deeply the novelty of the topic, its problematic and its overlap in adjacent topics that also complain about the interference and confusion as it stems from one philosophical roots, so the research is a threshold to probe the depths of this book, Shedding light on the methodology adopted by the author in dealing with his issues, and standing on the most important critical opinions contained in the book. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The subject of the article is an attempt to determine the state of e-government development in local government units in Poland based on the example of the selected Piekary Śląskie City Hall, operating in the Śląskie voivodeship. The aim of the paper is to explain the state of e-government, then to present the applied IT tools and solutions in local government units in Poland, and make an attempt to assess the state of application of e-government solutions at the local level in a selected local government unit through the perspective of e-service provision according to the maturity model. Research Design & Methods: In this study, the method of deduction was used as well as auxiliary methods and techniques such as logical analysis, analysis and study of literature, and classification and scientific description. In order to perform the research task, the applied empirical procedure was supported by a critical review of the literature on the subject in Polish and English, and practical cooperation with a selected local government unit. The research part of the study used non-participant observation, a case study and a face-to-face interview. In order to obtain information, the Polish electronic platform for public administration services (ePUAP) of the Piekary Śląskie City Hall was analysed and an interview with an employee of this unit was conducted in July 2023. Findings: The results of the conducted scientific analysis show that IT and technological solutions and tools have a significant impact on the effective e-government functioning. In addition, these factors reflect access to e-services provided by public administration, as well as employee and customer competence with regard to e-government. Implications/Recommendations: The results of the scientific analysis and its findings contribute to existing research by providing knowledge on the state, progress, and development of e-government through the provision of e-services provided by public administration in a selected local government unit in the Śląskie voivodeship. Contribution/Value Added: The research shows that the interest in the development of e-government among researchers is great, because the topic is still up-to-date and has utilitarian values. The assessment of public e-services in a selected local government unit (i.e. the Piekary Śląskie City Hall) makes it possible to determine the level of the maturity at which the examined unit is located. The study may also serve as a introduction to and a basis for a comprehensive diagnosis of the state of application of IT and technological tools and e-government development in all local government units in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into the ethics of mass species extinction caused by human activities. It highlights the decline in Earth's biodiversity, the sixth mass extinction event. The focus is on philosophical analysis, value theory, and policy implications, with the aim of inspiring action to address biodiversity loss.

The article examines the relationship between disagreement and progress in philosophy, challenging the widely held assumption that widespread disagreement undermines philosophical progress. The authors argue that while disagreement can sometimes impede progress, it can also promote it, and that progress can occur even in the presence of persistent disagreement. They propose a more nuanced understanding of the interaction between disagreement and progress.

The article focuses on The metaphysical picture presented in this study asserts that reality comprises multiple standpoints, and any fact is relative to a particular standpoint. This perspective arises in various philosophical discussions, including the philosophy of time, logical paradoxes, and the conflict between internal and external standpoints in our understanding of consciousness and identity.

This paper deals with the semantics and meta-semantics for ordinary names in fiction. It has recently been argued by some philosophers that when ordinary names are used in fictional contexts, they change their semantic contents and work as fictional names in general. In this paper, I argue that there is no compelling reason to believe that such reference changes occur and defend the view that whether those names refer to real or fictional objects depends on which semantic intentions speakers have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Narcotics crimes are classified as extraordinary crimes because these crimes are transnationally committed by a syndicate with the aim of destroying the nation in a conceptual and systematic way. The formulation of the problem in this writing is 1. How to consider the legal basis of judges below the specific minimum on narcotics cases to bring about justice. 2. How is the formulation of criminal charges below the specific minimum for narcotics cases to bring about justice? This research uses a normative juridical approach that emphasizes literature research. In this study, what is used is the Statutory approach, conceptual approach, case approach, historical approach, and philosophical approach. The type of legal material used is primary, secondary, and tertiary legal material the analysis used is to use qualitative descriptive analysis. The formulation of criminal penalties below the special minimum for narcotics cases to realize legal certainty in Article 112 paragraph (1) of Law No. 35 of 2009 against perpetrators of narcotics abuse will be sentenced to a maximum of 12 (twelve) years in prison and at least 4 (four) years, and with a maximum fine of Rp. 8,000,000,000.00 (eight billion rupiah). According to Article 191 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) has stated unequivocally that judges are not allowed to impose a sentence exceeding the maximum threat or under the minimum threat set forth in the article used by the public prosecutor in his indictment, if the charges charged against the defendant are not proven validly and convincingly then the defendant should be decided freely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article proposes an Informational-Theoretic interpretation of logical analysis applied to natural language in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Natural language is characterized by descriptive definitions in order to compress information according to empirical regularities. However, notations fitted to empirical patterns do not explicitly reflect the logical structure of language that enables it to represent those very patterns. I argue that logical analysis is the process of obtaining incompressible and uniformly distributed codes, best fitted to express the possible combinations of facts instead of eventual empirical regularities. That implies mutual translatability between different representations of the same facts, which justifies the possibility to decompose natural language and to rebuild it in mathematized ideographical languages, such as physics. Logical analysis decomposition process, then, results in a reductionism that sets the basis for conceptions of logic and language not only in Tractatus, but also in Some Remarks on Logical Form, which, in turn, is shown to be unattainable in Philosophical Remarks. That posterior book introduces a fragmentation of linguistic systems and analytical methods that can no longer be interpreted under computation theory alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alcohol produces devastating consequences on the human being and on society as a whole, starting with medical problems that directly affect the consumer, continuing with problems of a social nature (affecting the consumer's family as well), economic problems (regarding the amounts of money spent on the purchase of alcohol, but also problems related to the workplace), as well as problems of a legal nature (increased rate of divorces, the commission of traffic offenses or domestic violence, neglect of children, but also manslaughter or intentional murder), but especially of spiritual order (breaking the connection with God and deepening more and more into sin). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mark Jago argues for truthmaker maximalism in some recent papers based on a key premise: that every truth could have a truthmaker. Jago contends that many would pretheoretically accept this principle and that counterexamples to it would be difficult to find. In this note, I show how truthmaker non‐maximalists can use a modified version of Peter Milne's argument against maximalism to provide a counterexample to this key premise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A familiar question is whether psychological egoism (suitably supplemented with plausible further premises) entails ethical egoism. This paper considers this question, treating it much more thoroughly than do any previous treatments. For instance, it discusses all the most common understandings of ethical and psychological egoism. It further discusses many strategies and arguments relevant to the question addressed. Although this procedure creates complexity, it has value. It forestalls the suspicion, aroused by so many treatments of this subject, that the results stem largely from leaving stones unturned—for instance, from ignoring many natural argumentative strategies and many familiar understandings of the views discussed. The paper's conclusion is that psychological egoism (suitably supplemented ...) does not entail ethical egoism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document "When mysticism becomes theology. From genesis to logos" reflects on the importance of combining the mystical and rational aspects in theology, engaging the questions of the gospel with the social and cultural environment. It highlights the figures of Abraham and Hagar in the history of salvation, as well as the importance of faith and obedience in the lives of biblical characters such as Mary and Paul. It also mentions thinkers of faith such as Saint John of the Cross and Saint Teresa of Jesus, who describe the experience of encountering the divine. The text emphasizes the importance of service, forgiveness, and trust in the life of Jesus, as well as the relevance of contemplative life and mindfulness in the mystical experience. Finally, it invites reflection on the relationship between mysticism and theology, showing examples of people who lived a deep mysticism. [Extracted from the article]

In a series of works, Grimaltos and Rosell (2017, 2021) have characterized two different kinds of lies, 'doxogenic' and 'falsifying' lies, and have employed this distinction to defend two interesting claims: that a correct analysis of deceptive lying has to necessarily include the speaker's intentions and that no unified definition of lying can be provided. The goal of this paper is twofold: first, I will vindicate Grimaltos and Rosell's distinction between different kinds of deceptive lies and I will argue that, following their reasoning, one can actually identify many more types of lies. Second, despite this agreement, I will argue that multiplying the types of lies by appealing to different kinds of intentions does not show that a unified definition of lying is unattainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on permissivism, the value of rationality, and a convergence-theoretic epistemology. Topics include the debate between impermissivists and permissivists regarding whether there can be multiple rational responses to the same evidence; and the response to the value problem by introducing a convergence-theoretic approach to rationality and arguing that it is compatible with permissive.

The article focuses on conceptual engineering as a methodological approach to improving the conceptual repertoire. Topics include the challenges of targeting concepts and linguistic items in conceptual engineering and proposing an alternative approach to inventing classification procedures; and the approach has distinct advantages, evades control problems, and provides a closer link to human behavior and reasoning.

In his recent article, "Everything is Conceivable: A Note on an Unused Axiom in Spinoza's Ethics", Justin Vlasits carefully analyzes parallels between the first four propositions of the Ethics and Spinoza's correspondence with Henry Oldenburg to argue that Spinoza intended to appeal to E1A2 in E1P4dem of the Ethics. In this short response, I identify a problem with Vlasits' analysis. Vlasits insists that the scope of E1A2 is not determined by what is conceivable, and I show that this creates a logical lacuna within his reconstructions of Spinoza's arguments for the claim that "outside the intellect there is nothing except substances and their affections". However, I show that on the conceivables interpretation of E1A2 that Vlasits' rejects, Spinoza's argument for this claim goes through. While my analysis undermines Vlasits' attempt to identify the role of E1A2 in the Ethics, it sheds substantial light on this axiom, and shows how conceivability and being are intertwined in Spinoza's thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The definitions of yu 宇 and zhou 宙 in the "Gengsang Chu 庚桑楚" chapter of the Zhuangzi have been cited as the earliest definitions of space and time in the Chinese philosophical tradition. However, careful analysis of chosen modern translations reveals that the definitions entail rather obscure relationships between the Dao and space and time. I argue that the obscurity is not inherent in the text, but arises from the practice of rendering yu and zhou as the conceptual counterparts of space and time or related concepts. Instead, I propose that we leave the terms untranslated. This practice would not only forestall interpretive difficulties concerning the Dao's relations to space and time, but it would also preserve the Zhuangzist yu and zhou as two distinctive, ontic notions that indicate the Dao's indeterminate modes of existence, a unique feature of the Zhuangzi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maurice Blanchot's "The Strange and the Stranger" (1958) is an essential text for understanding Blanchot's thought, its development, and its enduring importance. He presents an early account of the impersonal "neuter" in subject-less experiences like "alienation," "alteration," "dispersion," "disappearance," and "absence." These experiences of strangeness threaten thought, which is only "itself and for-itself its own experience." Relatedly, they also reveal "the neutrality of being or neutrality as being." With reference to both Emmanuel Levinas and Martin Heidegger, Blanchot clarifies the meaning and exigency of a neuter that can take "upon itself the reality of alienation." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short essay offers a reflection on six-word stories. In response to David Fishelov's "Parodies of Six-Word Stories: A Comic Literary Metagenre," this paper aims to complement Fishelov's study by recontextualizing two of his examples. This reframing of the stories into their original online contexts reveals that they are integral parts of larger discourses. In this light, these stories could be considered posts in a thread, or, in terms of discourse analysis, these are conversational turns. It is argued that as texts within larger texts these examples belong to a digital hybrid genre. By categorising these posts in this way, the analysis is better positioned to address the issue mentioned by Fishelov, namely that many of the six-word stories found in the original study contained some narrative elements but would not be considered stories by most readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a researcher in the fields of Political Science and Intercultural Communication, my purpose here is linked with the current state of art in Albania, but only through the narratives, fables and symbolic structures that condition it. Even though art as it is now mainly composed of rigid shapes and colors thrown/scattered without much thought in it, I argue that for art to think (or work) outside this quasimainstream mindset, it has first to see how the latter dictates its horizons of possibility. I conclude that these are ready-made fables and concepts taken for granted in the mainstream and which very quickly create a "discursive tension" where our very space of not only artistic freedom is at stake, and for which a "discursive struggle" may be delineated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses the issue of late Gothic wall paintings from the Parish Church in Sząbruk, Warmia, created around 1500-1510, which have not yet been the subject of an in-depth analysis. In the course of the research it was possible to verify the iconography of the cycle, partially establish its graphic patterns, as well as to analyse its provenance and determine its place in the region's late-mediaeval art. The paintings show a Dutch influence, which had probably reached the province through Gdańsk. Its mediation is also indicated by the scene of the Last Judgment referring to Memling's composition. The time of the paintings execution indicates an early example of inspiration from Gdańsk, since the influence of this artistic centre on the art of Warmia came to full expression in the modern era. At the same time, the rather mediocre quality of workmanship situates these paintings between the excellent art models taken from the major centres of the region (and, by extension, of northern Europe) and the provincial painting technique rooted in the local style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ḥawliyyaẗ Kulliyyaẗ Al-Adāb: Ǧāmiʿaẗ Binī Sūwaīf is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)