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This study aimed to investigate the informal cognitive structures regarding “point” and “straight line” -two basic and undefined terms of geometry- in children registered in preschool – the previous step before in-class formal education process. The study was conducted with the participation of 50 children enrolled in nursery, kindergarten and preschools of a total of five educational institutions -three public and two private- in a city which is in the middle of the Turkey. The qualitative research model was utilized in the study since observing, analyzing and assessing children’s intuitive thinking and informal knowledge construction process would be difficult and good results would not be obtained via quantitative research methods. Data were collected through clinical interview technique. Results show that children, in general, possess major and to a large extent correct acquisitions that would be the basis of subsequent formal concept development process in children.

According to evolutionary spiral, every point is a center and any center becomes a point... No trace of a Centre, but just a too small Point… Or, more down to earth (with a mundane speech) , we speak of greatness and decay of a society, a state, a nation... Apparently, the space is the place where East passes (in the West), is the place where it is appropriate to speak of the animation of the place, the place where life lives, where a life is intense all points of view: economic, political, cultural etc. But is it true that everything is going to the center? Jacques Chaban-Delmas said that “The center is stationary: the wheel forwards, the center does not move”.

The appearance and disappearance of immovable points are important spatiotemporal events in geographical information science. They represent phenomena such as the birth and death of trees in forests, construction and destruction of buildings in cities and openings and closures of shops and restaurants. This paper proposes a new method for analyzing the appearance and disappearance of points. The method helps analysts capture the overall picture and regional variation of event pattern and detecting significant local patterns. Four measures are defined that indicate the intensity of spatial and temporal patterns of events. The measures are visualized as grid maps. A statistical test is used to evaluate the significance of the measures to extract the regions of significant patterns. The proposed method is applied in an analysis of shops and restaurants in Shibuya, Tokyo. Technical soundness of the method is discussed along with empirical findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on blood oxygen concentration in the brain of rats with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), thus to reveal the mechanisms of acupuncture in intervening the brain function of PTSD rats.Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a grasping group, a paroxetine group and an acupuncture group, with 12 rats in each group. Except the blank group, rats in the other groups all received incarceration plus electric shock for 7 d to prepare the PTSD animal model. One hour before the stress model was established, rats in each group received the designated intervention: rats in the blank group and the model group did not receive any intervention; rats in the grasping group received grasping and fixation; rats in the paroxetine group received paroxetine hydrochloride solution by intragastric administration; and rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture. Six-day treatment was a course, with 2 courses of treatment conducted for a total of 12 d. After the modeling, rats in each treatment group received intervention for 5 d, and the fNIRS system was used to collect and record the changes in the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2), deoxygenated hemoglobin (d-Hb) and total hemoglobin (t-Hb) of the involved rat's brain regions, and also to assess the brain function.Results: Compared with the blank group, the concentration of HbO2 was significantly increased, the concentration of d-Hb was significantly decreased, and the concentration of t-Hb was significantly increased in the model group and the grasping group after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the concentrations of HbO2, d-Hb and t-Hb in the grasping group did not change significantly (all P>0.05). Compared with the grasping group, the concentration of HbO2 was significantly decreased, the concentration of d-Hb was significantly increased, and the concentration of t-Hb was significantly decreased in the paroxetine group and the acupuncture group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of HbO2, d-Hb and t-Hb between the paroxetine group and the acupuncture group (all P>0.05).Conclusion: Acupuncture can regulate the blood oxygen concentration in the brain of PTSD model rats, which may be an important mechanism of acupuncture in intervening the brain function in PTSD rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In early 90s, DARPA took major initiatives to develop advanced optical interconnect technologies. Dr. James Grote of AFRL was the Initiator and Program Manager of one of these programs, Polymer Optical Interconnect Technology (POINT) which involved GE, Honeywell, Allied Signal, AMP, Columbia University and UCSD. The program focused on: (a) VCSEL array devices and related packaging technology; (b) Passive alignment for OE packaging; (c) polymer materials (Polyguide) for board and backplane interconnects; and (d) testbed of a 10-channel VCSEL array-based parallel optical links for backplane demonstration. This was one of the earliest research efforts which lead to parallel optical links used widely in today's data centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd'hui is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus umbilicus application with Chinese medicine for detrusor underactivity.Methods: A total of 46 male patients with detrusor underactivity who were admitted to our hospital between January and December 2017 were randomized into a control group and an observation group, with 23 cases in each group. The control group received intermittent catheterization and routine nursing, and the observation group was treated with acupuncture plus umbilicus application with Chinese medicine on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The comprehensive efficacy, the improvement of bladder urine residue and maximum flow rate of the two groups were observed.Results: No cases dropped out in the two groups. After the intervention, the total effective rate of the observation group was 78.3%, which was significantly higher than 52.2% of the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the improvements of bladder urine residue and maximum flow rate in the observation group were statistically different from those in the control group (both P<0.05).Conclusion: The combination of acupuncture and umbilicus application with Chinese medicine added on the basis of intermittent catheterization and routine nursing has a certain effect in treating male patients with detrusor underactivity, and is worth further clinical study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classical ballet is a popular type of dance with high physical demands. Because of this, intensive work and overuse damage are common in classical ballet. Wrong technical implementation, teaching or perception of movement are factors that cause injury. Five basic ballet positions are taught in the starting of ballet training. Making unsuitable to the anatomical structure of these positions causes injuries and developmental disorders. Unhealthy progression of ballet education can cause permanent damage of children who are still in the age of development. The aim of this study is to evaluate anatomy of five basic foot positions of ballet training and prevent injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effect of Zhen’ai needling method in Nei Jing (Classic of Internal Medicine) on quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).Methods: A total of 99 patients with AR who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into a conventional needling group (51 cases) and a Zhen’ai needling group (48 cases). The conventional needling group was treated with acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36), Hegu (LI 4), Juliao (ST 3), Yingxiang (LI 20), Yintang (GV 29), Shangxing (GV 23) and Baihui (GV 20). The Zhen’ai needling group added acupoints of Zhen’ai needling method {Lieque (LU 7), Shanglianquan [Extra, located at 1 cun above Lianquan (CV 23)] and Tianrong (SI 17)} in addition to points in the conventional needling group. The needles were retained for 30 min. The treatment was performed twice a week. All patients were assessed by total nasal symptom score (TNSS), total ocular symptom score (TOSS) and sino-nasal outcome test-20 (SNOT-20) before and after 15 treatments to evaluate the quality of life. The clinical efficacy was evaluated after 15 treatments.Results: During the treatment, 8 cases dropped out in the conventional needling group and 7 cases in the Zhen’ai needling group. There were no significant differences in TNSS, TOSS and SNOT-20 scores between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the Zhen’ai needling group was 92.7%, versus 88.4% in the conventional needling group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups in TNSS and TOSS scores (both P>0.05). The SNOT-20 score of the Zhen’ai needling group was lower than that of the conventional needling group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were statistical differences between the two groups in the scores of cough and nasal reflux (to the throat) of the NOT-20 scale (both P<0.05).Conclusion: Both Zhen’ai needling method and conventional acupuncture are effective in the treatment of AR. Zhen’ai needling method has a better effect than conventional acupuncture in improving cough and nasal reflux (to the throat) in AR patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acupuncture anesthesia is a technique by partially or completely replacing anesthetics with acupuncture in surgery based on the traditional acupuncture analgesia mechanism. It emerged in the 1950s, went viral in the 1970s and then gradually fell into decline. In the recent years, this technique has regained attention and further research. Acupuncture anesthesia can be classified as either pure acupuncture anesthesia or acupuncture-medication combined anesthesia. To expand the application of this technique, a patient with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome in urgent need of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) received pure acupuncture anesthesia because of an allergy to lidocaine, and the operation went successfully. This is the first time that pure acupuncture anesthesia and coronary arteriography were combined, which is of great significance in further study and development of acupuncture anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effect of liver-soothing and mind-regulating acupuncture method on the resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and to provide evidence for the effect mechanism study and clinical application of acupuncture intervention for PTSD.Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group, a grasping group, a paroxetine group and an acupuncture group, with 12 rats in each group. Except for rats in the blank control group, rats in the other groups were subjected to preparing the PTSD models using ‘incarceration plus electric shock’ method. After interventions, changes in rat behavior of each group were observed; changes in resting-state EEG were collected and analyzed with multichannel EEG acquisition and analysis system, and image analysis and statistical processing were performed.Results: Compared with the blank control group, the average escape latency in the model group was significantly longer (P<0.05), and the times of crossing the platform and the effective areas were all significantly reduced (P<0.01). Compared with the grasping group, the average escape latencies in the paroxetine group and acupuncture group were significantly shortened (P<0.05), and the times of crossing the platform and the effective areas were all significantly increased (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the average escape latency, the times of crossing the platform and the effective areas between the acupuncture group and paroxetine group (all P>0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the α-wave power spectrum value in the model group was significantly decreased, and the power spectrum values of β-wave, δ-wave and э-wave were significantly increased (all P<0.01); compared with the grasping group, α-wave power spectrum values in the paroxetine group and acupuncture group were significantly increased (both P<0.01), and the power spectrum values of β-wave, δ-wave and э-wave were decreased significantly (all P<0.01). The power spectrum values of α-wave, β-wave, δ-wave and э-wave of rats in the acupuncture group were not significantly different from those in the paroxetine group (all P>0.05).Conclusion: Liver-soothing and mind-regulating acupuncture method can significantly improve the abnormal EEG activity in PTSD rats, which may be one mechanism of liver-soothing and mind-regulating acupuncture method in effectively affecting the brain function in PTSD rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the influence of pressing force and time on the thermal effect of An-pressing manipulation.Methods: Eight healthy volunteers were recruited to receive An-pressing manipulation at Xinshu (BL 15) on the right side. The pressing force and time were both divided into five levels: the force described as extremely mild, mild, moderate, strong and extremely strong and time given by 2.5 min, 5.0 min, 7.5 min, 10.0 min and 15.0 min. The real-time change in local acupoint temperature as well as the change during 1.0-15.0 min after the manipulation were observed.Results: Compared with the baseline data, the real-time changes in the temperature after An-pressing Xinshu (BL 15) on the right side with different levels of force (from mild to strong) were respectively (1.88±0.64) °C, (2.05±0.68) °C, (2.25±0.59) °C, (2.35±0.61) °C and (2.32±0.69) °C; the changes in 15.0 min after the manipulation were respectively (-0.11±0.11) °C, (0.03±0.14) °C, (0.59±0.58) °C, (1.38±0.70) °C and (2.09±0.98) °C. The real-time temperature changes after the manipulation for different durations (from short to long) were respectively (1.94±0.37) °C, (2.33±0.29) °C, (2.49±0.31) °C, (2.51±0.39) °C and (2.41±0.55) °C; the changes in 15.0 min after the manipulation were respectively (0.53±0.49) °C, (0.33±0.30) °C, (0.52±0.33) °C, (0.55±0.38) °C and (0.76±0.36) °C.Conclusion: The thermal effect presented an increasing tendency with the extension of pressing time, and the temperature reached the top at 7.5 min; the thermal effect showed an increasing tendency with the rise of pressing force, and the temperature reached the top upon a moderate level of force. The pressing time can produce a greater influence on the real-time temperature than the pressing force; the pressing force can produce a greater influence on maintaining the temperature than the pressing time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decomposition of water quality formation of city watercourse was carried out. The ratio of natural and anthropogenic (local and transit) components of the watercourse water quality were determined in the case of the Belaya River. The mass of pollutants entering the water body from Ufa City territory through sources of different categories, including point and non-point, was estimated. It was established that the ratio of pollutant masses from point and non-point sources varies in different phases of water regime, depending on the pollutant type. In the study, it is shown that the system of river water quality monitoring should be improved taking into account the features of its formation within urban territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present experiment study, dressing infeed values of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 µm are conceived on alumina wheel using 0.75 carat identical diamond dressers. The surface topologies of the dressed wheels are observed under scanning electron microscope. Differently dressed wheels are subsequently, employed for up-grinding Ti-6Al-4V in dry environment for 20 passes while the grinding infeed is kept constant at 10 µm during each pass. The grinding ratio is evaluated and the typical surface roughness parameters are measured using a mechanical type stylus. Tangential and normal force components are accurately measured with the help of dynamometer while the quality of ground substrate is observed under high resolution microscope. The performances of the differently dressed wheels are evaluated and subsequently, the dressing parameters are optimized based on the results obtained herein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress-rupture strength tests are performed and metal micro-damage is studied in an electron microscope for a body made of chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steel 15Kh1M1FL with a long (331,000 h) running time. Dependences are found for metal endurance on relative integrity, and images are given for different scale points of micro-damage. On the basis of conformity of damaging effects on the life of fixed values of integrity and micro-damage scale points residual life factoors are determined for the main points of the scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An 11-channel POlarimeter/INTerferometer (POINT) system with high time resolution (1 μs) was built in 2015 to measure the accurate line-integrated electron density and Faraday rotation angle on the EAST tokamak. An improved density profile reconstruction method was developed based on the POINT measurements to provide accurate density profiles. Furthermore, the pedestal factor from reflectometry data statistics was also introduced. The accuracy of this method is discussed thoroughly. Based on this method, the evolution of the density profile with much higher time resolution than Thomson scattering system can be obtained. These will make for a better understanding of the formation of the internal transport barrier (ITB) on the EAST tokamak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The real-time data acquisition system is designed for providing POlarimeter-INTerferometer (POINT) diagnostic data to P-EFIT in real-time. The digital phase detector of POINT can provide real-time Faraday rotation angle data and density phase shift output which can be used in plasma control. P-EFIT, a code based on parallel computation in Graphic Processing Unit and the EFIT framework, is developed for EAST plasma control. Now P-EFIT includes a new algorithm for real-time plasma current profile reconstruction with POINT diagnostic data. The new real-time data acquisition system has been designed based on a reflective memory (RFM) network and the LabVIEW real-time operating system. It can be divided into three modules: data acquisition, data pre-processing and real-time data transmission. The data acquisition module receives a message containing the plasma shot information from the data acquisition console (according to the rules of the EAST data acquisition system) and then acquires the POINT diagnostic data after signal conditioning. The data pre-processing module primarily converts the raw data into a valid physical signal thus reducing the workload of P-EFIT. The EAST Plasma Control System has a well-established RFM network from which P-EFIT is able to get all the data it needs. This means that the data transmission module must first choose the RFM network to transfer processed data in real-time, and then P-EFIT can perform a new equilibrium reconstruction iteration with the most recent data from the data transmission module and the last equilibrium result. The data transmission frequency is 20 kHz, which satisfies the requirements of the P-EFIT real-time plasma current profile reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented paper deals with the solution of rolling contact problem. A virtual model was created in Abaqus FEA software. The boundary conditions and contact forces were subsequently added. The results obtained after the simulation were compared with data obtained by experimental measurements, which were performed on the test stand ELSPO used in theoretical and technological center for plastometer construction materials for experimental analyzes and tests in terms of rolling contact of solids. The FEM simulation and experiment observed the size of the contact pressure, plastic deformation and the width of the track, which was the site of contact.

This article is devoted to the projective Klingenberg spaces over a local ring, which is a linear algebra generated by one nilpotent element. In this case, subspaces of such Klingenberg spaces are described. The notion of the “degree of neighborhood” is introduced. Using this, we present the geometric description of subsets of points of a projective Klingenberg space whose arithmetical representatives need not belong to a free submodule.

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Acupuncture & Tuina Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)