272 results on '"Palladino, S."'
Search Results
102. Evaluation of a Commercial Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis
- Author
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Kay, I. D., Palladino, S., Alexander, R., Leahy, B. J., and Pearman, J. W.
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- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
103. The effect of increased agar concentration in susceptibility testing media on MICs of antimicrobials for gram-negative bacilli.
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WARD, PETER, PALLADINO, SILVANO, McLAREN, BARBARA, LOOKER, JANET C., Ward, P, Palladino, S, McLaren, B, Rathur, R J, and Looker, J C
- Published
- 1993
104. P-nitrophenylglycerol in susceptibility testing media alters the MICs of antimicrobials for aerobic gram-negative bacilli.
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WARD, PETER B., PALLADINO, SILVANO, LOOKER, JANET C., Ward, P B, Palladino, S, and Looker, J C
- Published
- 1993
105. Polarization calibration of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole
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Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Cornelison, J., Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, C., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Cheshire, J. R., Connors, J., Crumrine, M., Cukierman, A. J., Denison, E. V., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Eiben, M., Fatigoni, S., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Goeckner-Wald, N., Goldfinger, D. C., Grayson, J. A., Grimes, P., Hall, G., Halal, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S. A., Henderson, S., Hildebrandt, S., Hilton, G. C., Hubmayr, J., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, K., Karpel, E., Kefeli, S., Kernasovkiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Lau, K., Leitch, E., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Y., Namikawa, T., Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R. W., Palladino, S., Precup, N., Prouve, T., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Reintsema, C. D., Richter, S., Schillaci, A., Schmitt, B., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K. W., Young, E., Yu, C., Zeng, L., Zhang, C., and Zhang, S.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
106. Receiver development for BICEP Array, a next-generation CMB polarimeter at the South Pole
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Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Moncelsi, L., Ade, P. A. R., Z, Ahmed, Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Buza, V., Cheshire, J. R., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crumrine, M., Cukierman, A. J., Denison, E. V., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Eiben, M., Fatigoni, S., Filippini, J. P., Goeckner-Wald, N., Goldfinger, D., Grayson, J. A., Grimes, P., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S. A., Henderson, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hubmayr, J., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J. H., Karkare, K. S., Kefeli, S., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Nakato, Y., Namikawa, T., Nguyen, H. T., O'brient, R., Palladino, S., Precup, N., Prouve, T., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Reintsema, C. D., Schillaci, A., Schmitt, B. L., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Thompson, K. L., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umiltà, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K. W., Young, E., Yu, C., Zeng, L., Zhang, C., and Zhang, S.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
107. Measurements of Degree-Scale B-mode Polarization with the BICEP/$Keck$ Experiments at South Pole
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Racine, Benjamin, Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Alexander, K. D., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Crumrine, M., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Dvorkin, C., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Lau, K., Larsen, N. A., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Toshiya Namikawa, Netterfield, B., Nguyen, H. T., O Brient, R., Ogburn, R. W., Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schwarz, R., Schillaci, A., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., Germaine, T. St, Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umiltà, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, H., Yoon, K. W., Zhang, C., Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), BICEP, Keck, Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
- Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,satellite: Planck ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,gravitational radiation: primordial ,FOS: Physical sciences ,cosmic background radiation: polarization ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,BICEP ,frequency: high ,detector: sensitivity ,gravitation: lens ,B-mode ,galaxy ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
The BICEP and Keck Array experiments are a suite of small-aperture refracting telescopes observing the microwave sky from the South Pole. They target the degree-scale B-mode polarization signal imprinted in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) by primordial gravitational waves. Such a measurement would shed light on the physics of the very early universe. While BICEP2 observed for the first time a B-mode signal at 150 GHz, higher frequencies from the Planck satellite showed that it could be entirely due to the polarized emission from Galactic dust, though uncertainty remained high. Keck Array has been observing the same region of the sky for several years, with an increased detector count, producing the deepest polarized CMB maps to date. New detectors at 95 GHz were installed in 2014, and at 220 GHz in 2015. These observations enable a better constraint of galactic foreground emissions, as presented here. In 2015, BICEP2 was replaced by BICEP3, a 10 times higher throughput telescope observing at 95 GHz, while Keck Array is now focusing on higher frequencies. In the near future, BICEP Array will replace Keck Array, and will allow unprecedented sensitivity to the gravitational wave signal. High resolution observations from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) will also be used to remove the lensing contribution to B-modes., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures: conference proceedings, 53rd Rencontres de Moriond, Cosmology 2018
108. SURGICAL APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS WITH SYNCHRONOUS HEPATIC METASTASES
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UGO BOGGI, Del Chiaro, M., Gremmo, F., Croce, C., Sgambelluri, A. F., Lio, N., Palladino, S., Dinelli, E., Marangoni, G., Balzano, E., Signori, S., FABIO VISTOLI, and Mosca, F.
109. Ultra-thin large-aperture vacuum windows for millimeter wavelengths receivers
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Barkats, Denis, Dierickx, Marion I., Kovac, John M, Pentacoff, Chris, Ade, P. A. R, Ahmed, Z, Aikin, R. W, Alexander, K. D, Benton, S. J, Bischof, C. A, Bock, J. J, Bowens-Rubin, R, Brevik, J. A, Buder, I, Bullock, E, Buza, V, Connors, J, Cornelison, J, Crill, B. P, Crumrine, M, Duband, L, Dvorkin, C, Filippini, J. P, Fliescher, S, Grayson, J, Hall, G, Halpern, M, Harrison, S, Hildebrandt, S. R, Hilton, G. C, Hui, H, Irwin, K. D, Kang, J, Karkare, K. S, Karpel, E, Kaufman, J. P, Keating, B. G, Kefeli, S, Kernasovskiy, S. A, Kuo, C. L, Lau, K, Larsen, N. A, Leitch, E. M, Lueker, M, Megerian, K. G, Moncelsi, L, Namikawa, T, Nguyen, H. T, O'Brient, R, Ogburn IV, R. W., Palladino, S, Pryke, C, Racine, B, Richter, S, Schwarz, R, Schillaci, A, Sheehy, C. D, Soliman, A, St. Germaine, T, Staniszewski, Z. K, Steinbach, B, Sudiwala, R. V, Teply, G. P, Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E, Tucker, C, Turner, A. D, Umilta, C, Vieregg, A. G, Wandui, A, Weber, A. C, Wiebe, D. V, Willmert, J, Wong, C. L, Wu, W. L. K., Yang, H, Yoon, K. W, Zhang, Z, Barkats, Denis, Dierickx, Marion I., Kovac, John M, Pentacoff, Chris, Ade, P. A. R, Ahmed, Z, Aikin, R. W, Alexander, K. D, Benton, S. J, Bischof, C. A, Bock, J. J, Bowens-Rubin, R, Brevik, J. A, Buder, I, Bullock, E, Buza, V, Connors, J, Cornelison, J, Crill, B. P, Crumrine, M, Duband, L, Dvorkin, C, Filippini, J. P, Fliescher, S, Grayson, J, Hall, G, Halpern, M, Harrison, S, Hildebrandt, S. R, Hilton, G. C, Hui, H, Irwin, K. D, Kang, J, Karkare, K. S, Karpel, E, Kaufman, J. P, Keating, B. G, Kefeli, S, Kernasovskiy, S. A, Kuo, C. L, Lau, K, Larsen, N. A, Leitch, E. M, Lueker, M, Megerian, K. G, Moncelsi, L, Namikawa, T, Nguyen, H. T, O'Brient, R, Ogburn IV, R. W., Palladino, S, Pryke, C, Racine, B, Richter, S, Schwarz, R, Schillaci, A, Sheehy, C. D, Soliman, A, St. Germaine, T, Staniszewski, Z. K, Steinbach, B, Sudiwala, R. V, Teply, G. P, Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E, Tucker, C, Turner, A. D, Umilta, C, Vieregg, A. G, Wandui, A, Weber, A. C, Wiebe, D. V, Willmert, J, Wong, C. L, Wu, W. L. K., Yang, H, Yoon, K. W, and Zhang, Z
- Abstract
Targeting faint polarization patterns arising from Primordial Gravitational Waves in the Cosmic Microwave Background requires excellent observational sensitivity. Optical elements in small aperture experiments such as Bicep3 and Keck Array are designed to optimize throughput and minimize losses from transmission, reflection and scattering at millimeter wavelengths. As aperture size increases, cryostat vacuum windows must withstand larger forces from atmospheric pressure and the solution has often led to a thicker window at the expense of larger transmission loss. We have identified a new candidate material for the fabrication of vacuum windows: with a tensile strength two orders of magnitude larger than previously used materials, woven high-modulus polyethylene could allow for dramatically thinner windows, and therefore significantly reduced losses and higher sensitivity. In these proceedings we investigate the suitability of high-modulus polyethylene windows for ground-based CMB experiments, such as current and future receivers in the Bicep/Keck Array program. This includes characterizing their optical transmission as well as their mechanical behavior under atmospheric pressure. We find that such ultra-thin materials are promising candidates to improve the performance of large-aperture instruments at millimeter wavelengths, and outline a plan for further tests ahead of a possible upcoming field deployment of such a science-grade window....
110. Observing low elevation sky and the CMB Cold Spot with BICEP3 at the South Pole
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Kang, Jaw Hwan, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Thakur, Basu R., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Cheshire IV, J. R., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crumrine, M., Cukierman, A., Denison, E., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Eiben, M., Fatigoni, S., Filippini, J. P., Filescher, S., Goeckner-Wald, N., Goldfinger, D., Grayson, J. A., Grimes, P., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S. A., Henderson, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., HIlton, C. G., Hubmayr, J., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. -L., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Y., Namikawa, T., Nguyen, H. T., O'brient, R., Ogburn IV, R. W., Palladino, S., Precup, N., Prouve, T., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Reintsema, C. D., Richter, S., Schillaci, A., Schmitt, B. L., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K, Young, E., Yu, C., Zeng, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Kang, Jaw Hwan, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Thakur, Basu R., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Boenish, H., Bullock, E., Buza, Victor, Cheshire IV, J. R., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crumrine, M., Cukierman, A., Denison, E., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Eiben, M., Fatigoni, S., Filippini, J. P., Filescher, S., Goeckner-Wald, N., Goldfinger, D., Grayson, J. A., Grimes, P., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S. A., Henderson, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., HIlton, C. G., Hubmayr, J., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. -L., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Megerian, K. G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Y., Namikawa, T., Nguyen, H. T., O'brient, R., Ogburn IV, R. W., Palladino, S., Precup, N., Prouve, T., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Reintsema, C. D., Richter, S., Schillaci, A., Schmitt, B. L., Schwarz, R., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K, Young, E., Yu, C., Zeng, L., Zhang, C., and Zhang, S.
- Abstract
BICEP3 is a 520 mm aperture on-axis refracting telescope at the South Pole, which observes the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 95 GHz to search for the B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. In addition to this main target, we have developed a low-elevation observation strategy to extend coverage of the Southern sky at the South Pole, where BICEP3 can quickly achieve degree-scale E-mode measurements over a large area. An interesting E-mode measurement is probing a potential polarization anomaly around the CMB Cold Spot. During the austral summer seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20, BICEP3 observed the sky with a flat mirror to redirect the beams to various low elevation ranges. The preliminary data analysis shows degree-scale E-modes measured with high signal-to-noise ratio....
111. 2022 upgrade and improved low frequency camera sensitivity for CMB observation at the South Pole
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Soliman, Ahmed, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, C.A., Beck, D., Bock, J.J., Buza, V., Cheshire, J., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crumrine, M., Cukierman, A.J., Denison, E.V., Dierichx, M.I., Duband, L., Eiben, M., Fatigoni, S., Filippini, J.P., Giannakopoulos, C., Goeckner-Wald, N., Goldfinger, D.C., Grayson, J., Grimes, P.K., Hall, G., Halal, G., Halpern, M., Hand, E., Harrison, S.A., Henderson, S., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hilton, G.C., Hubmayr, J., Hui, H., Irwin, K.D., Kang, J., Karkare, K.S., Kefeli, S., Kovac, J.M., Kuo, C.L., Lau, K., Leitch, E.M., Lennox, A., Liu, T., Megerian, K.G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Y., Namikawa, T., Nguyen, H.T., O'Brient, R., Palladino, S., Petroff, M.A., Precup, N., Prouve, T., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Reintsema, C.D., Salatino, M., Schillaci, A., Schmitt, B.L., Singari, B., Germaine, T. St., Steinback, B., Sudiwala, R.V., Thompson, K.L., Tsai, C., Tucker, C., Turner, A.D., Umilta, C., Verges, C., Vieregg, A.G., Wandui, A., Weber, A.C., Wiebe, D.V., Willmert, J., Wu, W.L.K., Yang, H., Yoon, K.W., Young, E., Yu, C., Zeng, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Soliman, Ahmed, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Amiri, M., Barkats, D., Basu Thakur, R., Bischoff, C.A., Beck, D., Bock, J.J., Buza, V., Cheshire, J., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crumrine, M., Cukierman, A.J., Denison, E.V., Dierichx, M.I., Duband, L., Eiben, M., Fatigoni, S., Filippini, J.P., Giannakopoulos, C., Goeckner-Wald, N., Goldfinger, D.C., Grayson, J., Grimes, P.K., Hall, G., Halal, G., Halpern, M., Hand, E., Harrison, S.A., Henderson, S., Hildebrandt, S.R., Hilton, G.C., Hubmayr, J., Hui, H., Irwin, K.D., Kang, J., Karkare, K.S., Kefeli, S., Kovac, J.M., Kuo, C.L., Lau, K., Leitch, E.M., Lennox, A., Liu, T., Megerian, K.G., Minutolo, L., Moncelsi, L., Nakato, Y., Namikawa, T., Nguyen, H.T., O'Brient, R., Palladino, S., Petroff, M.A., Precup, N., Prouve, T., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Reintsema, C.D., Salatino, M., Schillaci, A., Schmitt, B.L., Singari, B., Germaine, T. St., Steinback, B., Sudiwala, R.V., Thompson, K.L., Tsai, C., Tucker, C., Turner, A.D., Umilta, C., Verges, C., Vieregg, A.G., Wandui, A., Weber, A.C., Wiebe, D.V., Willmert, J., Wu, W.L.K., Yang, H., Yoon, K.W., Young, E., Yu, C., Zeng, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, and Gao, Jian-Rong
- Abstract
Constraining the Galactic foregrounds with multi-frequency Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations is an essential step towards ultimately reaching the sensitivity to measure primordial gravitational waves (PGWs), the sign of inflation after the Big-Bang that would be imprinted on the CMB. The BICEP Array is a set of multi-frequency cameras designed to constrain the energy scale of inflation through CMB B-mode searches while also controlling the polarized galactic foregrounds. The lowest frequency BICEP Array receiver (BA1) has been observing from the South Pole since 2020 and provides 30 GHz and 40 GHz data to characterize galactic synchrotron in our CMB maps. In this paper, we present the design of the BA1 detectors and the full optical characterization of the camera including the on-sky performance at the South Pole. The paper also introduces the design challenges during the first observing season including the effect of out-of-band photons on detectors performance. It also describes the tests done to diagnose that effect and the new upgrade to minimize these photons, as well as installing more dichroic detectors during the 2022 deployment season to improve the BA1 sensitivity. We finally report background noise measurements of the detectors with the goal of having photon-noise dominated detectors in both optical channels. BA1 achieves an improvement in mapping speed compared to the previous deployment season.
112. BICEP Array cryostat and mount design
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Crumrine, Michael, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Alexander, K. D., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bishchoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Dvorkin, C., Filippini, J. P., Filescher, S., Grayson, J. A., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S. A., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J. H., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kemasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Larsen, N. A., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M. V., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn IV, R. W., Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schwarz, R., Schillaci, A., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C. E., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., WIllmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K. W., Zhang, C., Crumrine, Michael, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Alexander, K. D., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bishchoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Dvorkin, C., Filippini, J. P., Filescher, S., Grayson, J. A., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S. A., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Hui, H., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J. H., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kemasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C. L., Larsen, N. A., Lau, K., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M. V., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn IV, R. W., Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schwarz, R., Schillaci, A., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C. E., Turner, A. D., Umilta, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., WIllmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K. W., and Zhang, C.
- Abstract
Bicep Array is a cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiment that will begin observing at the South Pole in early 2019. This experiment replaces the five Bicep2 style receivers that compose the Keck Array with four larger Bicep3 style receivers observing at six frequencies from 30 to 270GHz. The 95GHz and 150GHz receivers will continue to push the already deep Bicep/Keck CMB maps while the 30/40GHz and 220/270GHz receivers will constrain the synchrotron and galactic dust foregrounds respectively. Here we report on the design and performance of the Bicep Array instruments focusing on the mount and cryostat systems....
113. BICEP Array: a multi-frequency degree-scale CMB polarimeter
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Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Hui, Howard, Ade, P. A. R., Ahmed, Z., Aikin, R. W., Alexander, K. D., Barkats, D., Benton, S. J., Bischoff, C. A., Bock, J. J., Bowens-Rubin, R., Brevik, J. A., Buder, I., Bullock, E., Buza, V., Connors, J., Cornelison, J., Crill, B. P., Crumrine, M., Dierickx, M., Duband, L., Dvorkin, C., Filippini, J. P., Fliescher, S., Grayson, J., Hall, G., Halpern, M., Harrison, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hilton, G. C., Irwin, K. D., Kang, J., Karkare, K. S., Karpel, E., Kaufman, J. P., Keating, B. G., Kefeli, S., Kernasovskiy, S. A., Kovac, J. M., Kuo, C.-L., Lau, K., Larsen, N. A., Leitch, E. M., Lueker, M., Megerian, K. G., Moncelsi, L., Namikawa, T., Netterfield, C. B., Nguyen, H. T., O'Brient, R., Ogburn, R. W., Palladino, S., Pryke, C., Racine, B., Richter, S., Schwarz, R., Schillaci, A., Sheehy, C. D., Soliman, A., St. Germaine, T., Staniszewski, Z. K., Steinbach, B., Sudiwala, R. V., Teply, G. P., Thompson, K. L., Tolan, J. E., Tucker, C., Turner, A. D., Umiltà, C., Vieregg, A. G., Wandui, A., Weber, A. C., Wiebe, D. V., Willmert, J., Wong, C. L., Wu, W. L. K., Yang, E., Yoon, K. W., and Zhang, C.
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- 2018
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114. Specificity of a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of invasive pneumococcal disease: identifying streptococcus pneumoniae using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
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Kee C, Fatovich DM, Palladino S, Kay ID, Pryce TM, Flexman J, Murray R, Waterer GW, Kee, Cordelia, Fatovich, Daniel M, Palladino, Silvano, Kay, Ian D, Pryce, Todd M, Flexman, James, Murray, Ronan, and Waterer, Grant W
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- 2010
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115. CMB-S4
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Collaboration, The CMB-S4, Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akerib, Daniel, Ali, Aamir, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Ashton, Peter, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Caimapo, Carlos Hervias, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, Delabrouille, Jacques, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Dunkley, Jo, Dvorkin, Cora, Eimer, Joseph, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Gupta, Nikhel, Habib, Salman, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, Charles, Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Hoang, Thuong, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, William C., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Lubin, Phil, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McCarrick, Heather, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nord, Brian, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Padin, Stephen, Palladino, Steven, Partridge, Bruce, Petravick, Don, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Rahlin, Alexandra, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Starkman, Glenn D., Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, Westbrook, Ben, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yang, H. Y. Eric, Yasini, Siavash, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zonca, Andrea, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CMB-S4, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Cosmic Frontier, Abazajian, K, Addison, G, Adshead, P, Ahmed, Z, Akerib, D, Ali, A, Allen, S, Alonso, D, Alvarez, M, Amin, M, Anderson, A, Arnold, K, Ashton, P, Baccigalupi, C, Bard, D, Barkats, D, Barron, D, Barry, P, Bartlett, J, Basu Thakur, R, Battaglia, N, Bean, R, Bebek, C, Bender, A, Benson, B, Bianchini, F, Bischoff, C, Bleem, L, Bock, J, Bocquet, S, Boddy, K, Richard Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Brinckmann, T, Brown, M, Bryan, S, Buza, V, Byrum, K, Hervias Caimapo, C, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Caldwell, R, Carlstrom, J, Carron, J, Cecil, T, Challinor, A, Chang, C, Chinone, Y, Sherry Cho, H, Cooray, A, Coulton, W, Crawford, T, Crites, A, Cukierman, A, Cyr-Racine, F, De Haan, T, Delabrouille, J, Devlin, M, Di Valentino, E, Dierickx, M, Dobbs, M, Duff, S, Dvorkin, C, Eimer, J, Elleflot, T, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fabbian, G, Feng, C, Ferraro, S, Filippini, J, Flauger, R, Flaugher, B, Fraisse, A, Frolov, A, Galitzki, N, Gallardo, P, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Gerbino, M, Gluscevic, V, Goeckner-Wald, N, Green, D, Grin, D, Grohs, E, Gualtieri, R, Gudmundsson, J, Gullett, I, Gupta, N, Habib, S, Halpern, M, Halverson, N, Hanany, S, Harrington, K, Hasegawa, M, Hasselfield, M, Hazumi, M, Heitmann, K, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Hill, C, Colin Hill, J, Hlozek, R, Patty Ho, S, Hoang, T, Holder, G, Holzapfel, W, Hood, J, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hui, H, Irwin, K, Jeong, O, Johnson, B, Jones, W, Hwan Kang, J, Karkare, K, Katayama, N, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Knox, L, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Kovac, J, Kovetz, E, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C, Kusaka, A, Lahteenmaki, A, Lawrence, C, Lee, A, Lewis, A, Li, D, Linder, E, Loverde, M, Lowitz, A, Lubin, P, Madhavacheril, M, Mantz, A, Marques, G, Matsuda, F, Mauskopf, P, Mccarrick, H, Mcmahon, J, Daniel Meerburg, P, Melin, J, Menanteau, F, Meyers, J, Millea, M, Mohr, J, Moncelsi, L, Monzani, M, Mroczkowski, T, Mukherjee, S, Nagy, J, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Natoli, T, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishino, H, Nord, B, Novosad, V, O'Brient, R, Padin, S, Palladino, S, Partridge, B, Petravick, D, Pierpaoli, E, Pogosian, L, Prabhu, K, Pryke, C, Puglisi, G, Racine, B, Rahlin, A, Sathyanarayana Rao, M, Raveri, M, Reichardt, C, Remazeilles, M, Rocha, G, Roe, N, Roy, A, Ruhl, J, Salatino, M, Saliwanchik, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Schmittfull, M, Scott, D, Sehgal, N, Shandera, S, Sherwin, B, Shirokoff, E, Simon, S, Slosar, A, Spergel, D, S, T, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Starkman, G, Stompor, R, Stoughton, C, Suzuki, A, Tajima, O, Teply, G, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Timbie, P, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucker, G, Umilta, C, Van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Vieira, J, Vieregg, A, Wagoner, K, Wallisch, B, Wang, G, Watson, S, Westbrook, B, Whitehorn, N, Wollack, E, Kimmy Wu, W, Xu, Z, Eric Yang, H, Yasini, S, Yefremenko, V, Won Yoon, K, Young, E, Yu, C, Zonca, A, University of California Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Stanford University, University of Oxford, Rice University, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of California San Diego, International School for Advanced Studies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Harvard University, University of New Mexico, Argonne National Laboratory, Université Paris-Diderot, California Institute of Technology, Cornell University, University of Melbourne, University of Cincinnati, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University of Toronto, UMR7095, Stony Brook University, University of Manchester, Arizona State University, Florida State University, Cardiff University, Dartmouth College, University of Geneva, University of Cambridge, The University of Tokyo, University of Groningen, University of Chicago, University of Pennsylvania, McGill University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Sussex, Princeton University, Simon Fraser University, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Haverford College, Stockholm University, Case Western Reserve University, University of British Columbia, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Simons Foundation, Columbia University, University of Virginia, University of California Davis, Yale University, University of Pittsburgh, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Service d'Astrophysique CEA, European Southern Observatory, Washington University St. Louis, University of Milan - Bicocca, University of Southern California, Institute for Advanced Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Kyoto University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Milano, Université Paris-Saclay, Brown University, Syracuse University, University of California Los Angeles, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
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Astrophysics and Astronomy ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Cosmology, CMB ,Settore FIS/05 ,Space and Planetary Science ,astro-ph.CO ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Galaxies and Cosmology ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool, targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for $r > 0.003$ at greater than $5��$, or, in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of $r < 0.001$ at $95\%$ CL., 24 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables, submitted to ApJ. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473
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- 2022
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116. LOWER BOUND LIMIT ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC DOMES BASED ON SPHERICAL ANALYTICAL SOLUTION
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R. Zona, L. Esposito, P. Ferla, S. Palladino, E. Totaro, V. Minutolo, Zona, R., Esposito, L., Ferla, P., Palladino, S., Totaro, E., and Minutolo, V.
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limit analysis, lower bound, finite element method, parabolic domes, masonry, mixed finite element, no tensile resistant material - Abstract
The limit analysis of masonry structures is a topic of great interest and relevance, as these structures constitute a large part of the world's historical and cultural heritage. The authors proposed a formulation that allows evaluating the stability of curved structures like arches, vaults, and domes made of masonry and the calculation of the collapse multiplier of the applied loads. The approach has started from the analytical solution of the equilibrium of domes of revolution, obtaining the selfequilibrated stress by interpolating polynomials. Moreover, we calculated the actual elastic response of the structure by the finite element method. Finally, the used strategy superimposed the elastic stress to the self-equilibrated ones as the starting point of the optimization process. The procedure constitutes an effective way of assessing the structural safety and the limit load of structures; such an approach fulfills the requirements of the 'upper bound' theorem of the limit design. The proposed method can give a twofold response, namely the limit multiplier of prescribed load conditions and the safety assessment of a prescribed load level. The paper presented some examples of parabolical domes subjected to self-weight and variable loads; by applying the procedure, we calculated the load limits and the corresponding residual stress. Moreover, the thrust line at the incoming collapse is also derived.
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- 2020
117. Functionally Graded Plate Fracture Analysis Using the Field Boundary Element Method
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Renato Zona, Simone Palladino, Luca Esposito, Vincenzo Minutolo, Paolo Ferla, Palladino, S., Esposito, L., Ferla, P., Zona, R., and Minutolo, V.
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Technology ,Field Boundary Element Method (FBEM) ,Field (physics) ,QH301-705.5 ,QC1-999 ,Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) ,Functionally graded material ,Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) ,Transverse isotropy ,General Materials Science ,Biology (General) ,QD1-999 ,Instrumentation ,Boundary element method ,Stress intensity factor ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Physics ,Plane (geometry) ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Mathematical analysis ,General Engineering ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,Computer Science Applications ,Chemistry ,Fracture (geology) ,interface ,TA1-2040 ,Scalar field - Abstract
This paper describes the Field Boundary Element Method (FBEM) applied to the fracture analysis of a 2D rectangular plate made of Functionally Graded Material (FGM) to calculate Mode I Stress Intensity Factor (SIF). The case study of this Field Boundary Element Method is the transversely isotropic plane plate. Its material presents an exponential variation of the elasticity tensor depending on a scalar function of position, i.e., the elastic tensor results from multiplying a scalar function by a constant taken as a reference. Several examples using a parametric representation of the structural response show the suitability of the method that constitutes a Stress Intensity Factor evaluation of Functionally Graded Materials plane plates even in the case of more complex geometries.
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- 2021
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118. THE USE OF DESTRUCTIVE AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING IN CONCRETE STRENGTH ASSESSMENT FOR A SCHOOL BUILDING
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Caterina Eramo, Vincenzo Minutolo, S. Di Ronza, Paolo Ferla, Simone Palladino, Renato Zona, Minutolo, V., Di Ronza, S., Eramo, C., Ferla, P., Palladino, S., and Zona, R.
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Engineering ,Information Systems and Management ,Environmental Engineering ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Non-destructive testing ,General Engineering ,Rebound index ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Sonreb ,Concrete structure ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Nondestructive testing ,Forensic engineering ,business ,Ultrasonic testing ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The present paper aims to increase knowledge of the methods of resistance estimating of concrete in situ by means of non-destructive tests used to integrate the quantitative results from cylindrical specimens (core). The results of experimental investigations carried out on concrete conglomerate samples of a school building are shown. The experimental campaign then will be presented like a case study, conducted on a series of concrete beams and pillars of an existing building. The expression obtained through the calibration procedure of the values of non-destructive tests with those provided by the core drills allowed to estimate the average values of the compressive strength of the concrete. It is highlighted how this result was achieved with a very limited core number that are extracted in randomly selected points and that there was a proportionality link with the resistances obtained from non-destructive tests.
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- 2019
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119. Prediction of nonresectability using the updated Predictive Index value model assessed by imaging and surgery in tubo-ovarian cancer: a prospective multicenter ISAAC study.
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Moro F, Pinto P, Chiappa V, Testa AC, Alcázar JL, Franchi D, Benesova K, Jarkovsky J, Frühauf F, Borčinová M, Burgetova A, Masek M, Lambert L, Altmanova D, Avesani G, Panico C, Alessi S, Pricolo P, Vara García J, Palladino S, Vigorito R, Calareso G, Kocian R, Slama J, Vidal Urbinati AM, Raspagliesi F, Fagotti A, Scambia G, Cibula D, and Fischerová D
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- Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, Aged, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Adult, Ultrasonography, Neoplasm, Residual diagnostic imaging, Neoplasm Staging, Laparoscopy methods, Ovarian Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Ovarian Neoplasms surgery, Ovarian Neoplasms pathology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Predictive Value of Tests
- Abstract
Background: A laparoscopy-based scoring system was developed by Fagotti et al (Fagotti or Predictive Index value (PIV)score) based on the intraoperative presence or absence of carcinomatosis on predefined sites. Later, the authors updated the PIV score calculated only in the absence of one or both absolute criteria of nonresectability (mesenteric retraction and miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel) (updated PIV model)., Objective: The aim was to demonstrate the noninferiority of ultrasound to other imaging methods (contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI)/MRI) in predicting nonresectable tumor (defined as residual disease >1 cm) using the updated PIV model in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer. The agreement between imaging and intraoperative findings as a reference was also calculated., Study Design: This was a European prospective multicenter observational study. We included patients with suspected tubo-ovarian carcinoma who underwent preoperative staging and prediction of nonresectability at ultrasound, CT, WB-DWI/MRI, and surgical exploration. Ultrasound and CT were mandatory index tests, while WB-DWI/MRI was an optional test (non-available in all centers). The predictors of nonresectability were suspicious mesenteric retraction and/or miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel or if absent, a PIV >8 (updated PIV model). The PIV score ranges from 0 to 12 according to the presence of disease in 6 predefined intra-abdominal sites (great omentum, liver surface, lesser omentum/stomach/spleen, parietal peritoneum, diaphragms, bowel serosa/mesentery). The reference standard was surgical outcome, in terms of residual disease >1 cm, assessed by laparoscopy and/or laparotomy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to assess the performance of the methods in predicting nonresectability was reported. Concordance between index tests at the detection of disease at 6 predefined sites and intraoperative exploration as reference standard was also calculated using Cohen's kappa., Results: The study was between 2018 and 2022 in 5 European gynecological oncology centers. Data from 242 patients having both mandatory index tests (ultrasound and CT) were analyzed. 145/242 (59.9%) patients had no macroscopic residual tumor after surgery (R0) (5/145 laparoscopy and 140/145 laparotomy) and 17/242 (7.0%) had residual tumor ≤1 cm (R1) (laparotomy). In 80/242 patients (33.1%), the residual tumor was>1 cm (R2), 30 of them underwent laparotomy and maximum surgery was carried out, and 50/80 underwent laparoscopy only, because cytoreduction was not feasible in all of them. After excluding 18/242 (7.4%) patients operated on but not eligible for extensive surgery, the predictive performance of 3 imaging methods was analyzed in 167 women. The AUCs of all methods in discriminating between resectable and nonresectable tumor was 0.80 for ultrasound, 0.76 for CT, 0.71 for WB-DWI/MRI, and 0.90 for surgical exploration. Ultrasound had the highest agreement (Cohen's kappa ranging from 0.59 to 0.79) than CT and WB-DWI/MRI to assess all parameters included in the updated PIV model., Conclusion: Ultrasound showed noninferiority to CT and to WB-DWI/MRI in discriminating between resectable and nonresectable tumor using the updated PIV model. Ultrasound had the best agreement between imaging and intraoperative findings in the assessment of parameters included in the updated PIV model. Ultrasound is an acceptable method to assess abdominal disease and predict nonresectability in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer in the hands of specially trained ultrasound examiners., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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120. Clinical impact of TP53 functional mutations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with bevacizumab and chemotherapy.
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Ruzzo A, Graziano F, Palladino S, Fischer NW, Catalano V, Giordani P, Malkin D, Tamburrano T, Patriti A, Petrelli F, Sarti D, and Chiari R
- Abstract
Background: Clinical and experimental studies indicate that the tumor protein p53 (TP53) gene loss of function due to missense mutations (MMs) may confer sensitivity to anti-angiogenics. This effect seems to be linked to cross-talk mechanisms among TP53, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptors. We investigated whether specific TP53 MMs are associated with clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with first-line chemotherapy plus Bevacizumab. The study focused on KRAS-mutated, liver-only mCRC cases as a homogeneous subgroup that may represent a relevant setting for exploring this association., Materials and Methods: MMs were identified on primary tumors. MMs were classified by mutant-specific residual transcriptional activity scores (TP53RTAS) as transcriptionally inactive (TP53inactive = TP53RTAS 0%) or active (TP53active = TP53RTAS ≥ 1%) and used for stratifying patients in progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, and overall survival (OS) analyses., Results: The study population consisted of 62 patients. MMs were found in 39 cases (62%) with 16 having TP53inactive and 23 TP53active MMs. Patients with TP53inactive MMs showed better PFS in comparison with the remaining groups (wild-type and TP53active). This effect was retained in the multivariate model. A similar clinical impact was observed in the OS analysis. There was a significant difference in the overall response rate and rate of post-treatment resection of liver metastases between the TP53inactive and the wild-type or TP53active MMs cases., Conclusions: Specific TP53 MMs may identify sub-groups of patients who benefit from Bevacizumab-based systemic therapy and these findings could lead to novel tailored treatment strategies in this setting., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2024
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121. Myxinidin-analogs able to sequester Fe(III): Metal-based gun to combat Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.
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Bellavita R, Casciaro B, Nocerino V, Palladino S, Loffredo MR, Dardano P, De Stefano L, Falcigno L, D'Auria G, Galdiero S, and Falanga A
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- Iron chemistry, Antimicrobial Peptides chemistry, Antimicrobial Peptides pharmacology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pseudomonas aeruginosa drug effects, Biofilms drug effects, Biofilms growth & development, Ferric Compounds chemistry, Ferric Compounds pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry
- Abstract
Bacteria have developed a tendency to form biofilms, where bacteria live in organized structures embedded in a self-produced matrix of DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. Additionally, bacteria need iron(III) as an essential nutrient for bacterial growth and secrete siderophore groups that sequester it from the environment. To design a molecule able both to inhibit the bacteria and to sequester iron, we developed two hydroxamate-based peptides derived from an analog (WMR-4), previously developed in our lab, of the antimicrobial peptide myxinidin. In detail, we proposed a combination of WMR-4 with the hydroxamic acid resulting in the peptides WMR-7 and WMR-16 which differ for the length of the linker between the antimicrobial moiety and the siderophore. Both peptides were characterized through a set of different biophysical experiments to investigate their ability to sequester Fe
3+ . The peptide‑iron(III) complexes were studied through the UV-visible spectroscopy in organic solvent to eliminate water competition, and in acidic water to avoid iron precipitation. The complexes were also characterized by performing electrochemistry, circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy experiments. In addition, we demonstrated the ability of peptide‑iron(III) complexes to inhibit the biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to have an impact on the cell motility. This metal-based approach consisting in a hydroxamic acid conjugation represents a promising strategy to enhance the antibiofilm activity of antimicrobial peptides against one of most dangerous bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Annarita Falanga reports financial support was provided by University of Naples Federico II. Annarita Falanga reports a relationship with University of Naples Federico II that includes: employment and non-financial support. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2025
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122. Enabling 3D bioprinting of cell-laden pure collagen scaffolds via tannic acid supporting bath.
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Palladino S, Copes F, Chevallier P, Candiani G, and Mantovani D
- Abstract
The fabrication of cell-laden biomimetic scaffolds represents a pillar of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) strategies, and collagen is the gold standard matrix for cells to be. In the recent years, extrusion 3D bioprinting introduced new possibilities to increase collagen scaffold performances thanks to the precision, reproducibility, and spatial control. However, the design of pure collagen bioinks represents a challenge, due to the low storage modulus and the long gelation time, which strongly impede the extrusion of a collagen filament and the retention of the desired shape post-printing. In this study, the tannic acid-mediated crosslinking of the outer layer of collagen is proposed as strategy to enable collagen filament extrusion. For this purpose, a tannic acid solution has been used as supporting bath to act exclusively as external crosslinker during the printing process, while allowing the pH- and temperature-driven formation of collagen fibers within the core. Collagen hydrogels (concentration 2-6 mg/mL) were extruded in tannic acid solutions (concentration 5-20 mg/mL). Results proved that external interaction of collagen with tannic acid during 3D printing enables filament extrusion without affecting the bulk properties of the scaffold. The temporary collagen-tannic acid interaction resulted in the formation of a membrane-like external layer that protected the core, where collagen could freely arrange in fibers. The precision of the printed shapes was affected by both tannic acid concentration and needle diameter and can thus be tuned. Altogether, results shown in this study proved that tannic acid bath enables collagen bioprinting, preserves collagen morphology, and allows the manufacture of a cell-laden pure collagen scaffold., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Palladino, Copes, Chevallier, Candiani and Mantovani.)
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- 2024
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123. Oxidative stress-induced fibrinogen modifications in liver transplant recipients: unraveling a novel potential mechanism for cardiovascular risk.
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Gitto S, Fiorillo C, Argento FR, Fini E, Borghi S, Falcini M, Roccarina D, La Delfa R, Lillo L, Zurli T, Forte P, Ghinolfi D, De Simone P, Chiesi F, Ingravallo A, Vizzutti F, Aspite S, Laffi G, Lynch E, Petruccelli S, Carrai P, Palladino S, Sofi F, Stefani L, Amedei A, Baldi S, Toscano A, Lau C, Marra F, and Becatti M
- Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular events represent a major cause of non-graft-related death after liver transplant. Evidence suggest that chronic inflammation associated with a remarkable oxidative stress in the presence of endothelial dysfunction and procoagulant environment plays a major role in the promotion of thrombosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understood., Objectives: In order to elucidate the mechanisms of posttransplant thrombosis, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of oxidation-induced structural and functional fibrinogen modifications in liver transplant recipients., Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 40 clinically stable liver transplant recipients and 40 age-matched, sex-matched, and risk factor-matched controls. Leukocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, glutathione content, plasma antioxidant capacity, fibrinogen oxidation, and fibrinogen structural and functional features were compared between patients and controls., Results: Patients displayed enhanced leukocyte ROS production and an increased plasma lipid peroxidation with a reduced total antioxidant capacity compared with controls. This systemic oxidative stress was associated with fibrinogen oxidation with fibrinogen structural alterations. Thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization and fibrin resistance to plasmin-induced lysis were significantly altered in patients compared with controls. Moreover, steatotic graft and smoking habit were associated with high fibrin degradation rate., Conclusion: ROS-induced fibrinogen structural changes might increase the risk of thrombosis in liver transplant recipients., (© 2024 The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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124. The KERATO Biomechanics Study 1: A Comparative Evaluation Using Brillouin Microscopy and Dynamic Scheimpflug Imaging.
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Vinciguerra R, Palladino S, Herber R, Romano MR, and Vinciguerra P
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- Humans, Prospective Studies, Male, Biomechanical Phenomena, Adult, Female, Young Adult, Reproducibility of Results, Microscopy, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Keratoconus physiopathology, Keratoconus diagnosis, Cornea physiopathology, Cornea diagnostic imaging, Elasticity physiology, Corneal Topography
- Abstract
Purpose: To assess the corneal biomechanical properties in normal individuals and patients with keratoconus using the Brillouin optical scanning system (Intelon Optics) (BOSS) and compare them with ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug imaging (Corvis ST; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH)., Methods: Sixty eyes from 60 patients (30 normal and 30 keratoconus) were included in this prospective, single-center, comparative, non-interventional study. Corneal biomechanics were evaluated using the Corvis ST and the BOSS. With the BOSS, each corneal image was acquired three times, measuring 10 locations within an 8-mm diameter. Parameters extracted included mean, maximum, and minimum Brillouin shift. These 10 points were also grouped into superior, central, and inferior regions. BOSS repeatability was assessed using the coefficient of repeatability and coefficient of variation. Furthermore, normal individuals and patients with keratoconus were compared using the Corvis ST and BOSS., Results: The BOSS exhibited good repeatability, with coefficient of repeatability ranging from 0.098 to 0.138 GHz for single points in normal individuals and 0.096 to 0.149 GHz for patients with keratoconus. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between normal individuals and patients with keratoconus, indicating softer corneas in keratoconus, observed with both the Corvis ST and BOSS. Specifically, the BOSS showed significant differences in mean, inferior, and superior mean, maximum, and minimum Brillouin frequency shift (all P < .05), whereas the Corvis ST displayed highly significant differences in stiffness parameter at first applanation, stress strain index, deformation amplitude ratio, and inverse integrated radius (all P < .001)., Conclusions: Corneal biomechanical measurements proved highly repeatable and effectively demonstrated significant differences between normal individuals and patients with keratoconus using both the BOSS and the Corvis ST. [ J Refract Surg . 2024;40(8):e569-e578.] .
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- 2024
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125. Outcomes of total elbow arthroplasty in the treatment of distal humeral fractures in the elderly: a retrospective cohort comparison between primary arthroplasty and arthroplasty secondary to failed internal fixation.
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Palladino S, Baldairon F, Godet J, and Clavert P
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Female, Male, Aged, 80 and over, Treatment Outcome, Treatment Failure, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Postoperative Complications etiology, Elbow Injuries, Humeral Fractures, Distal, Humeral Fractures surgery, Fracture Fixation, Internal methods, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Elbow methods, Reoperation statistics & numerical data, Elbow Joint surgery
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Background: The primary objective of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of total elbow arthroplasty as the index procedure in the treatment of traumatic distal humerus fractures with those of secondary total elbow arthroplasty after failed internal fixation. The secondary objective was to compare the complication rates and the radiographic results in the 2 groups. Our hypothesis was that the clinical results of total elbow arthroplasty performed after failed internal fixation were comparable to those of primary total elbow arthroplasty in the treatment of distal humerus fractures in the elderly population., Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort comparison study, including 60 patients with a median age of 80 years (71-85 years), who either underwent a primary total elbow arthroplasty (group 1; 45 patients) or secondary total elbow arthroplasty after failed internal fixation (group 2; 15 patients) in the treatment of a post-traumatic supra and intercondylar fracture of the distal humerus, between January 2004 and January 2021. The clinical examination, including the Mayo Elbow Performance Score and triceps proficiency test, complication rates, and the need for reoperation were noted. The average clinical and radiographic follow-up was 40.8 months (24-120 months)., Results: The clinical results of the 2 groups were comparable when looking at the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (90.00 [85.00, 100.00], P = .486). With regard to complications, there were 2 surgical site infections in group 1 and 3 in group 2 (P = .099), 1 case of mechanical loosening of the humeral component in group 1 and 1 in group 2 (P = .448), and 1 patient with triceps insufficiency in group 1., Conclusions: Secondary total elbow arthroplasty after failed internal fixation has shown good functional results and a complication rate comparable to that of index total elbow arthroplasty in the treatment of articular fractures of the distal humerus in the elderly., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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126. Molecular and Clinical Determinants of Acquired Resistance and Treatment Duration for Targeted Therapies in Colorectal Cancer.
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Harrold E, Keane F, Walch H, Chou JF, Sinopoli J, Palladino S, Al-Rawi DH, Chadalavada K, Manca P, Chalasani S, Yang J, Cercek A, Shia J, Capanu M, Bakhoum SF, Schultz N, Chatila WK, and Yaeger R
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Aged, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) genetics, Receptor, ErbB-2 genetics, Receptor, ErbB-2 metabolism, Mutation, Disease Progression, ErbB Receptors genetics, ErbB Receptors antagonists & inhibitors, Adult, Chromosomal Instability, Aged, 80 and over, Gene Amplification, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm genetics, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf genetics
- Abstract
Purpose: Targeted therapies have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but their impact is limited by rapid emergence of resistance. We hypothesized that an understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms and intrinsic tumor features that mediate resistance to therapy will guide new therapeutic strategies and ultimately allow the prevention of resistance., Experimental Design: We assembled a series of 52 patients with paired pretreatment and progression samples who received therapy targeting EGFR (n = 17), BRAF V600E (n = 17), KRAS G12C (n = 15), or amplified HER2 (n = 3) to identify molecular and clinical factors associated with time on treatment (TOT)., Results: All patients stopped treatment for progression and TOT did not vary by oncogenic driver (P = 0.5). Baseline disease burden (≥3 vs. <3 sites, P = 0.02), the presence of hepatic metastases (P = 0.02), and gene amplification on baseline tissue (P = 0.03) were each associated with shorter TOT. We found evidence of chromosomal instability (CIN) at progression in patients with baseline MAPK pathway amplifications and those with acquired gene amplifications. At resistance, copy-number changes (P = 0.008) and high number (≥5) of acquired alterations (P = 0.04) were associated with shorter TOT. Patients with hepatic metastases demonstrated both higher number of emergent alterations at resistance and enrichment of mutations involving receptor tyrosine kinases., Conclusions: Our genomic analysis suggests that high baseline CIN or effective induction of enhanced mutagenesis on targeted therapy underlies rapid progression. Longer response appears to result from a progressive acquisition of genomic or chromosomal instability in the underlying cancer or from the chance event of a new resistance alteration., (©2024 The Authors; Published by the American Association for Cancer Research.)
- Published
- 2024
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127. Erratum to First-in-human liver transplantation from a centenarian deceased donor after brain death [American Journal of Transplantation 24 (2024) 304-307].
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De Simone P, Ghinolfi D, Palladino S, Catalano G, Martinelli C, Ducci J, Bronzoni J, Tincani G, Balzano E, Carrai P, Petruccelli S, Campani D, Crocetti L, Lazzeri C, Biancofiore G, and Peris A
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- 2024
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128. First-in-human liver transplantation from a centenarian deceased donor after brain death.
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De Simone P, Ghinolfi D, Palladino S, Catalano G, Martinelli C, Ducci J, Bronzoni J, Tincani G, Balzano E, Carrai P, Petruccelli S, Campani D, Crocetti L, Lazzeri C, Biancofiore G, and Peris A
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- Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Aged, Middle Aged, Centenarians, Brain Death, Graft Survival, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Tissue Donors, Liver Transplantation, Liver Neoplasms
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Liver transplantation from elderly donors is expanding due to demand for liver grafts, aging of recipients and donors, and introduction of machine perfusion. We report on a liver transplant from a 100-year-old deceased donor after brain death. The liver was transplanted after the use of hypothermic machine perfusion to a 60-year-old recipient with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Nine months after the transplant, the patient is alive with a functioning graft and no evidence of acute rejection or tumor recurrence., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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129. KRAS4A and KRAS4B in liquid biopsy of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with Pembrolizumab or chemotherapy plus Pembrolizumab.
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Chiari R, Palladino S, Emili R, De Lisa M, Sarti D, Catalano V, Magnani M, Graziano F, and Ruzzo A
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- Humans, B7-H1 Antigen metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) metabolism, Liquid Biopsy, Protein Isoforms metabolism, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms genetics, Lung Neoplasms metabolism, Adenocarcinoma of Lung drug therapy, Adenocarcinoma of Lung genetics
- Abstract
KRAS is involved in the stability and expression of PD-L1. We investigated the expression of circulating mRNA (cmRNA) of KRAS4A and KRAS4B and the possible impact on progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma treated with immunotherapy. Patients without driver mutations undergoing Pembrolizumab (P) or P plus chemotherapy (PC) were prospectively accrued for liquid biopsy analysis of KRAS4A, KRAS4B, and PD-L1 cmRNA. Both KRAS isoforms were also studied for association with PD-L1 cmRNA. Of 56 patients, 28 received P and 28 PC. Patients with high levels of both KRAS isoforms showed significantly better PFS. The median PFS for KRAS4A was 29 months (95% CI 22-29 months) and KRAS4B 24 months (95% CI 13-29 months), respectively. The median PFS of patients with low levels of both isoforms was 12 months (95% CI 6-15 months for KRAS4A and 95% CI 5-20 months for KRAS4B). High KRAS4A retained a significant positive association with PFS in the multivariate model. An exploratory analysis in treatment subgroups found a positive association between high KRAS4A and KRAS4B with PFS in patients treated with P. PD-L1 cmRNA was significantly higher in patients with high KRAS isoforms levels and this effect was pronounced for high KRAS4A carriers. KRAS4A deserves further investigation as a potential marker for defining patients who may benefit the most from immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy and improving personalized cancer immunotherapeutic strategies., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
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130. Development of a hyaluronic acid-collagen bioink for shear-induced fibers and cells alignment.
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Palladino S, Schwab A, Copes F, D'Este M, Candiani G, and Mantovani D
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- Humans, Hyaluronic Acid, Printing, Three-Dimensional, Collagen, Tissue Engineering methods, Tissue Scaffolds, Bioprinting methods
- Abstract
Human tissues are characterized by complex composition and cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization at microscopic level. In most of human tissues, cells and ECM show an anisotropic arrangement, which confers them specific properties. In vitro , the ability to closely mimic this complexity is limited. However, in the last years, extrusion bioprinting showed a certain potential for aligning cells and biomolecules, due to the application of shear stress during the bio-fabrication process. In this work, we propose a strategy to combine collagen (col) with tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid (THA) to obtain a printable col-THA bioink for extrusion bioprinting, solely-based on natural-derived components. Collagen fibers formation within the hybrid hydrogel, as well as collagen distribution and spatial organization before and after printing, were studied. For the validation of the biological outcome, fibroblasts were selected as cellular model and embedded in the col-THA matrix. Cell metabolic activity and cell viability, as well as cell distribution and alignment, were studied in the bioink before and after bioprinting. Results demonstrated successful collagen fibers formation within the bioink, as well as collagen anisotropic alignment along the printing direction. Furthermore, results revealed suitable biological properties, with a slightly reduced metabolic activity at day 1, fully recovered within the first 3 d post-cell embedding. Finally, results showed fibroblasts elongation and alignment along the bioprinting direction. Altogether, results validated the potential to obtain collagen-based bioprinted constructs, with both cellular and ECM anisotropy, without detrimental effects of the fabrication process on the biological outcome. This bioink can be potentially used for a wide range of applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in which anisotropy is required., (© 2023 IOP Publishing Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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131. Real-world analysis of the economic and therapeutic burden in advanced breast cancer patients in Italy.
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Palladino S, Perrone V, Giacomini E, Sangiorgi D, Premoli E, Valsecchi D, Degli Esposti L, and Suter MB
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- Humans, Female, Retrospective Studies, Aminopyridines pharmacology, Aminopyridines therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Benzimidazoles, Purines
- Abstract
Background: This real-world analysis evaluated drug utilization focusing on wastage and healthcare costs for treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer (aBC) hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HER2-) in Italy., Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on administrative data covering about 13.3 million health-assisted individuals. Across January/2017-June/2021, all patients with HR+/HER2-aBC were identified by ≥ 1 prescription for cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK 4/6i). Cost analysis was performed and updated referring to the prices of November 2021., Results: Overall, 3,647 HR+/HER2-aBC patients were included (2,627 palbociclib treated, 729 ribociclib treated, and 291 abemaciclib treated). After 12 months of follow-up, 35% of palbociclib patients had a dose reduction (on average 8.9 wasted pills/patient), 44.7% of abemaciclib patients had a dose reduction (on average 6.7 wasted pills/patient), 22.1% of ribociclib patients had a dose reduction (no wasted pills). Therapy wastage added up to 528,716€ for palbociclib-treated patients (524€/patient) and 5,738€ in abemaciclib-treated patients (151€/patient). No wastage was attributed to ribociclib., Conclusions: Dose reduction was associated with drug wastage in palbociclib and abemaciclib-treated patients, but not in ribociclib-treated ones. These findings might be helpful to policy decision-makers who, for healthcare strategies implementation, among several variables should consider the possible restraining of drug wastage.
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- 2023
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132. Novel Variant in the USP9X Gene Is Associated with Congenital Heart Disease in a Male Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.
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Agazzi C, Magliozzi M, Iacoviello O, Palladino S, Delvecchio M, Masciopinto M, Galati A, Novelli A, Causio FA, Zampino G, Ruggiero C, and Fischetto R
- Abstract
Introduction: The X-chromosomal USP9X gene encodes a deubiquitylating enzyme involved in protein turnover and TGF-β signaling during fetal and neuronal development. USP9X variants in females are primarily associated with complete loss-of-function (LOF) alleles, leading to neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disability, as well as a wide range of congenital anomalies. In contrast, USP9X missense variants in males often result in partial rather than complete LOF, specifically affecting neuronal migration and development. USP9X variants in males are associated with intellectual disability, behavioral disorders, global developmental delay, speech delay, and structural CNS defects. Facial dysmorphisms are found in almost all patients., Case Presentation: We report the case of an Italian boy presenting dysmorphism, intellectual disability, structural brain anomalies, and congenital heart disease. Using next-generation sequencing analysis, we identified a hemizygous de novo variant in the USP9X gene (c.5470A>G, p.Met1824Val) that was never reported in the literature., Conclusion: We provide an overview of the available literature on USP9X variants in males, in order to further expand the genotypic and phenotypic landscape of male-restricted X-linked mental retardation syndrome. Our findings confirm the involvement of USP9X variants in neuronal development and corroborate the possible association between the novel USP9X variant and congenital heart malformation., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2022 by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2023
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133. Radiomics and Molecular Classification in Endometrial Cancer (The ROME Study): A Step Forward to a Simplified Precision Medicine.
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Bogani G, Chiappa V, Lopez S, Salvatore C, Interlenghi M, D'Oria O, Giannini A, Leone Roberti Maggiore U, Chiarello G, Palladino S, Bascio LS, Castiglioni I, and Raspagliesi F
- Abstract
Molecular/genomic profiling is the most accurate method to assess prognosis of endometrial cancer patients. Radiomic profiling allows for the extraction of mineable high-dimensional data from clinical radiological images, thus providing noteworthy information regarding tumor tissues. Interestingly, the adoption of radiomics shows important results for screening, diagnosis and prognosis, across various radiological systems and oncologic specialties. The central hypothesis of the prospective trial is that combining radiomic features with molecular features might allow for the identification of various classes of risks for endometrial cancer, e.g., predicting unfavorable molecular/genomic profiling. The rationale for the proposed research is that once validated, radiomics applied to ultrasonographic images would be an effective, innovative and inexpensive method for tailoring operative and postoperative treatment modalities in endometrial cancer. Patients with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer will have ultrasonographic evaluation and radiomic analysis of the ultrasonographic images. We will correlate radiomic features with molecular/genomic profiling to classify prognosis.
- Published
- 2022
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134. Sustained activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system after fetal exposure to AT1 blockers: Effects on kidney and bone in a preterm newborn.
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D'Amato G, Rembouskos G, Cafagna R, Dentico D, Palladino S, Chiarito M, and Faienza MF
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- Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Female, Humans, Infant, Premature, Kidney, Angiotensins pharmacology, Renin-Angiotensin System physiology, Renin pharmacology
- Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a key role in development of fetal kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists alter RAAS-signaling compromising metanephrogenesis, and vascular and tubular development. The result is a fetal "RAS blockage syndrome" that may occur not only following exposure during the second and third trimester, but also after the use of these drugs at the beginning of pregnancy. The in-utero exposure to AT1 antagonists is not confined exclusively to the risk of neonatal renal failure, but also to skull ossification defect that worsens the neonatal prognosis. We report the case of early arterial hypertension development, marked increase of plasma renin and aldosterone, severe hypocalvaria, and low bone mineralization in a female preterm infant in-utero exposed to AT1 antagonists., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)
- Published
- 2022
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135. Case report: Late-onset hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in a 3-year-old boy: It is never too late.
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Iacoviello O, Verriello G, Castellaneta S, Palladino S, Wong M, Mattioli G, Giordano P, Francavilla R, and Cristofori F
- Abstract
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) represents a relatively rare occurrence beyond infancy. Here, we present the case of a barely 3-year-old boy diagnosed with late-onset HPS and successfully treated with extra-mucosal pyloromyotomy. We review the literature, challenging the principle that more aggressive surgical approaches should be preferred over less invasive ones., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Iacoviello, Verriello, Castellaneta, Palladino, Wong, Mattioli, Giordano, Francavilla and Cristofori.)
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- 2022
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136. Tubular Bioartificial Organs: From Physiological Requirements to Fabrication Processes and Resulting Properties. A Critical Review.
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Pien N, Palladino S, Copes F, Candiani G, Dubruel P, Van Vlierberghe S, and Mantovani D
- Subjects
- Printing, Three-Dimensional, Tissue Engineering methods, Tissue Scaffolds chemistry, Bioartificial Organs, Bioprinting methods
- Abstract
In this featured review manuscript, the aim is to present a critical survey on the processes available for fabricating bioartificial organs (BAOs). The focus will be on hollow tubular organs for the transport of anabolites and catabolites, i.e., vessels, trachea, esophagus, ureter and urethra, and intestine. First, the anatomic hierarchical structures of tubular organs, as well as their principal physiological functions, will be presented, as this constitutes the mandatory requirements for effectively designing and developing physiologically relevant BAOs. Second, 3D bioprinting, solution electrospinning, and melt electrowriting will be introduced, together with their capacity to match the requirements imposed by designing scaffolds compatible with the anatomical and physiologically relevant environment. Finally, the intrinsic correlation between processes, materials, and cells will be critically discussed, and directives defining the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities offered by each process will be proposed for assisting bioengineers in the selection of the appropriate process for the target BAO and its specific required functions., (© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2022
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137. Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season.
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Ade PAR, Ahmed Z, Amiri M, Barkats D, Thakur RB, Bischoff CA, Beck D, Bock JJ, Boenish H, Bullock E, Buza V, Cheshire JR, Connors J, Cornelison J, Crumrine M, Cukierman A, Denison EV, Dierickx M, Duband L, Eiben M, Fatigoni S, Filippini JP, Fliescher S, Goeckner-Wald N, Goldfinger DC, Grayson J, Grimes P, Hall G, Halal G, Halpern M, Hand E, Harrison S, Henderson S, Hildebrandt SR, Hilton GC, Hubmayr J, Hui H, Irwin KD, Kang J, Karkare KS, Karpel E, Kefeli S, Kernasovskiy SA, Kovac JM, Kuo CL, Lau K, Leitch EM, Lennox A, Megerian KG, Minutolo L, Moncelsi L, Nakato Y, Namikawa T, Nguyen HT, O'Brient R, Ogburn RW, Palladino S, Prouve T, Pryke C, Racine B, Reintsema CD, Richter S, Schillaci A, Schwarz R, Schmitt BL, Sheehy CD, Soliman A, Germaine TS, Steinbach B, Sudiwala RV, Teply GP, Thompson KL, Tolan JE, Tucker C, Turner AD, Umiltà C, Vergès C, Vieregg AG, Wandui A, Weber AC, Wiebe DV, Willmert J, Wong CL, Wu WLK, Yang H, Yoon KW, Young E, Yu C, Zeng L, Zhang C, and Zhang S
- Abstract
We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2, Keck Array, and BICEP3 CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2018 observing season. We add additional Keck Array observations at 220 GHz and BICEP3 observations at 95 GHz to the previous 95/150/220 GHz dataset. The Q/U maps now reach depths of 2.8, 2.8, and 8.8 μK_{CMB} arcmin at 95, 150, and 220 GHz, respectively, over an effective area of ≈600 square degrees at 95 GHz and ≈400 square degrees at 150 and 220 GHz. The 220 GHz maps now achieve a signal-to-noise ratio on polarized dust emission exceeding that of Planck at 353 GHz. We take auto- and cross-spectra between these maps and publicly available WMAP and Planck maps at frequencies from 23 to 353 GHz and evaluate the joint likelihood of the spectra versus a multicomponent model of lensed ΛCDM+r+dust+synchrotron+noise. The foreground model has seven parameters, and no longer requires a prior on the frequency spectral index of the dust emission taken from measurements on other regions of the sky. This model is an adequate description of the data at the current noise levels. The likelihood analysis yields the constraint r_{0.05}<0.036 at 95% confidence. Running maximum likelihood search on simulations we obtain unbiased results and find that σ(r)=0.009. These are the strongest constraints to date on primordial gravitational waves.
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- 2021
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138. Substrate reduction therapy with Miglustat in pediatric patients with GM1 type 2 gangliosidosis delays neurological involvement: A multicenter experience.
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Fischetto R, Palladino V, Mancardi MM, Giacomini T, Palladino S, Gaeta A, Di Rocco M, Zampini L, Lassandro G, Favia V, Tripaldi ME, Strisciuglio P, Romano A, Severino M, Morrone A, and Giordano P
- Subjects
- 1-Deoxynojirimycin adverse effects, 1-Deoxynojirimycin pharmacology, 1-Deoxynojirimycin therapeutic use, Adolescent, Central Nervous System diagnostic imaging, Central Nervous System drug effects, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Tolerance, Female, Glucosyltransferases antagonists & inhibitors, Glucosyltransferases metabolism, Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors adverse effects, Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors pharmacology, Humans, Infant, Male, 1-Deoxynojirimycin analogs & derivatives, Gangliosidosis, GM1 drug therapy, Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: In GM1 gangliosidosis the lack of function of β-galactosidase results in an accumulation of GM1 ganglioside and related glycoconjugates in visceral organs, and particularly in the central nervous system, leading to severe disability and premature death. In the type 2 form of the disease, early intervention would be important to avoid precocious complications. To date, there are no effective therapeutic options in preventing progressive neurological deterioration. Substrate reduction therapy with Miglustat, a N-alkylated sugar that inhibits the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase, has been proposed for the treatment of several lysosomal storage disorders such as Gaucher type 1 and Niemann Pick Type C diseases. However, data on Miglustat therapy in patients with GM1 gangliosidosis are still scarce., Methods: We report here the results of Miglustat administration in four Italian children (average age: 55 months, range 20-125) affected by GM1 gangliosidosis type 2 treated in three different Italian pediatric hospitals specialized in metabolic diseases., Conclusion: This treatment was safe and relatively well tolerated by all patients, with stabilization and/or slowing down of the neurological progression in three subjects., (© 2020 The Authors. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2020
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139. Elastin-like recombinamers in collagen-based tubular gels improve cell-mediated remodeling and viscoelastic properties.
- Author
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Camasão DB, González-Pérez M, Palladino S, Alonso M, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, and Mantovani D
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Collagen genetics, Elasticity, Extracellular Matrix metabolism, Fibrillin-1 genetics, Gels, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Materials Testing, Tensile Strength, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds, Viscosity, Collagen administration & dosage, Elastin genetics, Peptides administration & dosage
- Abstract
Natural polymers are commonly used as scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering. The recognized biological properties of this class of materials are often counterbalanced by their low mechanical performance. In this work, recombinant elastin-like polypeptides (or elastin-like recombinamers, ELRs) were mixed with collagen gel and cells to produce cellularized tubular constructs in an attempt to recapitulate the mechanical behavior of the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM). The presence of the elastic protein influenced cell-mediated remodeling evaluated in terms of construct compaction, cell proliferation and ECM (collagen, elastin and fibrillin-1) gene expression. The partial substitution of collagen with ELR and the observed differences in cellular behavior synergistically contributed to the superior viscoelastic properties of the constructs containing 30% ELR and 70% of collagen (in mass). This led to the improvement of 40% in the initial elastic modulus, 50% in the equilibrium elastic modulus, and 37% in the tensile strength at break without compromising the strain at break, when compared to a pure collagen scaffold. Suggestions for future research include modifications in the crosslinking technology, ELR composition, polymer concentration, cell seeding density and dynamic stimulation, which have the potential to further improve the mechanical performance of the constructs towards physiological values.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. Older migrants reflecting on aging through attachment to and identification with places.
- Author
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Palladino S
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anthropology, Cultural methods, Awareness physiology, Cultural Diversity, Female, Humans, Identification, Psychological, Italy, Male, Object Attachment, Retirement psychology, United Kingdom epidemiology, Aging physiology, Life Style ethnology, Transients and Migrants psychology
- Abstract
With increasing numbers of older migrants adopting a transnational lifestyle or returning to their country of origin following retirement, the sense of attachment to and identification with the places they inhabit remains an under explored field of enquiry. Through an ethnographic approach, this paper seeks to raise awareness of the diversity within a group of older migrants, given the heterogeneity of affective bonds established with places. By highlighting the perspective of older Italian migrants living in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, this paper illustrates the role of a sense of identification with the context of migration in later life. In referring to migration as a process of transformation, some older Italians re-define their identities, as these become interwoven with the characteristics of the places in which they grow older. However, older migrants' sense of attachment to places also reveals the complexity of aging in the context of migration, when a sense of identification with these is never fully achieved in older age. This paper argues that the notion of aging that these older Italian migrants uphold is not only altered by their experience of migration, but also shaped through their identification with the places they inhabit, given formal and informal practices of identification. Thus, by addressing the determinants for a positive experience of aging in the context of migration, this paper challenges the ways in which older migrant groups are conceptualized in gerontological scholarship., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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141. A novel method for measuring hydraulic conductivity at the human blood-nerve barrier in vitro.
- Author
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Helton ES, Palladino S, and Ubogu EE
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming immunology, Axons metabolism, Cattle, Cell Line, Cell Membrane Permeability, Cytokines metabolism, Endothelial Cells cytology, Fibroblasts metabolism, Homeostasis, Humans, Inflammation, Mice, Peripheral Nerves, Permeability, Rats, Sheep, Signal Transduction, Swine, Tight Junctions metabolism, Water chemistry, Blood-Nerve Barrier, Capillary Permeability, Cytological Techniques
- Abstract
Microvascular barrier permeability to water is an essential biophysical property required for the homeostatic maintenance of unique tissue microenvironments. This is of particular importance in peripheral nerves where strict control of ionic concentrations is needed for axonal signal transduction. Previous studies have associated inflammation, trauma, toxin exposure and metabolic disease with increases in water influx and hydrostatic pressure in peripheral nerves with resultant endoneurial edema that may impair axonal function. The regulation of water permeability across endoneurial microvessels that form the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) is poorly understood. Variations exist in apparatus and methods used to measure hydraulic conductivity. The objective of the study was to develop a simplified hydraulic conductivity system using commercially available components to evaluate the BNB. We determined the mean hydraulic conductivity of cultured confluent primary and immortalized human endoneurial endothelial cell layers as 2.00×10
-7 and 2.17×10-7 cm/s/cm H₂O respectively, consistent with restrictive microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. We also determined the mean hydraulic conductivity of immortalized human brain microvascular endothelial cell layers, a commonly used blood-brain barrier (BBB) cell line, as 0.20×10-7 cm/s/cm H₂O, implying a mean 10-fold higher resistance to transendothelial water flux in the brain compared to peripheral nerves. To our knowledge, this is the first reported measurement of human BNB and BBB hydraulic conductivities. This model represents an important tool to further characterize the human BNB and deduce the molecular determinants and signaling mechanisms responsible for BNB hydraulic conductivity in normal and disease states in vitro., Competing Interests: POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST E.S.H. and S.D. have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2017
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142. PARK2 Microduplication: Clinical and Molecular Characterization of a Further Case and Review of the Literature.
- Author
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Palumbo O, Palumbo P, Leone MP, Stallone R, Palladino T, Vendemiale M, Palladino S, Papadia F, Carella M, and Fischetto R
- Abstract
We report on a patient with psychomotor deficits, language delay, dyspraxia, skeletal anomalies, and facial dysmorphisms (hirsutism, right palpebral ptosis, a bulbous nasal tip with enlarged and anteverted nares, and a mild prominent antihelix stem). Using high-resolution SNP array analysis, we identified a 0.49-Mb microduplication in chromosome 6q26 inherited from the mother involving the PARK2 gene: arr[hg19] 6q26(162,672,821-163,163,143)×3 mat. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third patient to date described in whom a 6q26 microduplication encompassing only the PARK2 gene has been reported in medical literature. The PARK2 gene is a neurodevelopmental gene that was initially discovered as one of the causes of autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinson disease and subsequently reported to be linked to autism spectrum disorders and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders. We provide an overview of the literature on PARK2 microduplications and further delineate the associated phenotype. Taken together, our findings confirm the involvement of this gene in neurodevelopmental disorders and are useful to strengthen the hypothesis that, although with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance, the PARK2 microduplication is associated with a new emerging neurodevelopmental delay syndrome. However, clinical and molecular evaluations of more patients with the microduplication are needed for full delineation of this syndrome.
- Published
- 2016
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143. Laparoscopic robot-assisted versus open total pancreatectomy: a case-matched study.
- Author
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Boggi U, Palladino S, Massimetti G, Vistoli F, Caniglia F, De Lio N, Perrone V, Barbarello L, Belluomini M, Signori S, Amorese G, and Mosca F
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Laparoscopy mortality, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Operative Time, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Pancreatectomy mortality, Postoperative Complications etiology, Retrospective Studies, Laparoscopy methods, Pancreatectomy methods, Robotic Surgical Procedures methods
- Abstract
Background: The enhanced dexterity offered by robotic assistance could be excessive for distal pancreatectomy but not enough to improve the outcome of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy. Total pancreatectomy retains the challenges of uncinate process dissection and digestive reconstruction, but avoids the risk of pancreatic fistula, and could be a suitable operation to highlight the advantages of robotic assistance in pancreatic resections., Methods: Eleven laparoscopic robot-assisted total pancreatectomies (LRATP) were compared to 11 case-matched open total pancreatectomies. All operations were performed by one surgeon during the same period of time. Robotic assistance was employed in half of the patients, based on robot availability at the time of surgery. Variables examined included age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, body mass index, estimated blood loss, need for blood transfusions, operative time, tumor type, tumor size, number of examined lymph nodes, margin status, post-operative complications, 90-day or in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, and readmission rate., Results: No LRATP was converted to conventional laparoscopy, hand-assisted laparoscopy or open surgery despite two patients (18.1 %) required vein resection and reconstruction. LRATP was associated with longer mean operative time (600 vs. 469 min; p = 0.014) but decreased mean blood loss (220 vs. 705; p = 0.004) than open surgery. Post-operative complications occurred in similar percentages after LRATP and open surgery. Complications occurring in most patients (5/7) after LRATP were of mild severity (Clavien-Dindo grade I and II). One patient required repeat laparoscopic surgery after LRATP, to drain a fluid collection not amenable to percutaneous catheter drainage. One further patient from the open group required repeat surgery because of bleeding. No patient had margin positive resection, and the mean number of examined lymph nodes was 45 after LRATP and 36 after open surgery., Conclusions: LRATP is feasible in selected patients, but further experience is needed to draw final conclusions.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
144. Laparoscopic ultrasound: a surgical "must" for second line intra-operative evaluation of pancreatic cancer resectability.
- Author
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Piccolboni P, Settembre A, Angelini P, Esposito F, Palladino S, and Corcione F
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, Predictive Value of Tests, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Treatment Outcome, Endosonography methods, Intraoperative Care methods, Pancreatectomy methods, Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Pancreatic Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Background: Advanced laparoscopy for pancreatic cancer surgery should include laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS), in order to accurately evaluate resectability and rule out the presence of undetected metastases and/or vascular infiltration. LUS should be done as a preliminary step whenever pre-operative imaging casts doubts on resectability., Patients and Methods: We hereby report our experience of 18 consecutive patients, aged 43-76, coming to our attention during a six months period (Jan-Jun 2013), with a diagnosis of pancreas head or body cancer., Results: LUS allowed to rule out undetected metastases or mesenteric vessels infiltration in 11 patients (61.1%), who were submitted, as previously scheduled, to radical duodeno-pancreatectomy (9 cases) and spleno-caudal pancreatectomy (2 cases). Among the remaining patients, three had been correctly evaluated as non resectable radically at pre-operative work out, and confirmed at LUS, while LUS detected non resectable disease in further 4 patients (22.2%), who underwent palliative procedures. In 2 patients of this group liver micro-metastases were found, while 2 were excluded because of mesenteric vessels infiltration., Conclusions: LUS provided a higher level of diagnostic accuracy, allowing in our experience to exclude 4 patients from radical surgery (22.2%). The evaluation of surgical resectability is an issue of crucial importance to decide surgical strategy in pancreas tumor surgery. In our opinion LUS should be considered a mandatory step in laparoscopic approach to pancreatic tumors, to better define disease staging and evaluate resectability.
- Published
- 2015
145. Operative time and postoperative pain following minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy.
- Author
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Del Rio P, Bezer L, Palladino S, Arcuri MF, Iotti E, and Sianesi M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parathyroidectomy statistics & numerical data, Time Factors, Pain, Postoperative epidemiology, Parathyroidectomy methods, Video-Assisted Surgery
- Abstract
Background: Mininvasive surgical techniques have been proposed to treat the patients affected by parathyroid adenoma starting by endoscopically-assisted parathyroidectomy up to video-assisted and radio-guided approaches., Patients and Methods: Our technique, minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy (MIVAP), in accord with Miccoli's technique, has been introduced in our center since 2006 after extensive experience with MIVAT (minimally invasive videoassisted thyroidectomy). From September 2006 to October 2008 we performed 32 MIVAP on 32 patients, 21 female and 11 males with a mean age of 53.4 years (range 25-77) affected by parathyroid adenoma. Patients have been divided in two groups in chronological order: Group A included the first 15 patients, Group B the second ones., Results: Mean operative time from incision to skin closure has been 47.4+/-14.2 minutes for group A and 34+/-10.3 minutes for group B (p<0.01). Postoperative pain, scored from 0 to 10 evaluated at time 0 and after 24 hours from the procedure, has been of 2.6+/-0.5 and 1.4+/-0.5 in group A (p<0.001) while in group B of 2.58+/-0.51 and 1.16+/-0.38 (p<0.001) respectively. The difference in postoperative pain was not significant between the two groups and the pain was controlled by the administration of paracetamol 1 g. On the other side, the comparison between postoperative pain in patients operated via traditional bilateral cervical exploration and MIVAP (2.61+/-0.5 vs 3.55+/-0.51 and 1.38+/-0.5 vs 2.16+/-0.61 at 0 and 24 hours respectively), was statistically significant (p<0.001) and in favour of MIVAP., Conclusions: We showed a shorter operative time between the A group and B group. 15 cases are sufficient as good learning curve if the surgeon is experienced in videoassisted neck procedure. The postoperative pain is lower in videoassisted procedure than cervical bilateral approach.
- Published
- 2010
146. Can we use ionized calcium in the evaluation of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia?
- Author
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Del Rio P, Arcuri MF, Cataldo S, Palladino S, and Sianesi M
- Subjects
- Artifacts, Biomarkers, Cations blood, Early Diagnosis, False Negative Reactions, Humans, Hyperthyroidism complications, Hypocalcemia blood, Hypocalcemia etiology, Intraoperative Complications physiopathology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local complications, Parathyroid Glands injuries, Parathyroid Glands physiopathology, Parathyroid Hormone blood, Postoperative Complications blood, Postoperative Complications etiology, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Thyroid Neoplasms complications, Calcium blood, Hypocalcemia diagnosis, Postoperative Complications diagnosis, Thyroidectomy adverse effects, Thyroidectomy methods
- Abstract
Aim: The postoperative hypocalcaemia has the higher incidence as complications related to thyroidectomy., Methods: From 1 June 2006 to 30 June 2008, we examined 492 patients operated on consecutively in our unit with a total thyroidectomy for thyroid disease. We evaluated the values of ionized calcium in all the cases, matching these with the preoperative and postoperative values of serum calcium. The pre- and postoperative (24 hours after treatment) data for ionized calcium and serum calcium were examined statistically with the Student's t-test; results with a P-value <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant., Results: Two-hundred-and-twenty-three of the 492 patients (45.2%) treated with total thyroidectomy had preoperative values of ionized calcium lower than 1.13 mmol/L (normal values 1.13-1.32 mmol/L), while the ionized calcium values were lower than 1.10 mmol/L in 154 of the 223 patients. The mean value of ionized calcium in all 223 cases was 1.04+/-0.07 mmol/L. The mean serum calcium value in these patients was 9.13+/-0.291 mg/dL (normal values 8.3-10.5 mg/dL). In the other 259 cases, the values of ionized calcium and serum calcium were 1.21+/-0.03 mmol/L and 9.1+/-0.29 mg/dL, respectively. In 75 cases on 223 with symptomatic hypocalcemia, the mean value of ionized calcium was 0.88+/-0.05 mmol/L, while, in the remaining 148 cases, the mean value was equal to 0.97+/-0.08 mmol/L (P<0.001). We compared this, in both groups, with the values of postoperative serum calcium; in the 75 cases with clinical hypocalcemia, the value of serum calcium was 7.32+/-0.35 mg/dL, while the value was equal to 8.4+/-0.34 mg/dL in the other cases (P<0.001)., Conclusions: The values of ionized calcium must not be used as marker of hypocalcemia but must be seen as a diagnostic aid linked to others laboratory values, such as serum calcium.
- Published
- 2009
147. Variability in patterns of BK viral load after renal transplantation.
- Author
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Lim L, Kay ID, Palladino S, and Flexman J
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, BK Virus isolation & purification, Kidney Transplantation, Polyomavirus Infections virology, Tumor Virus Infections virology, Viral Load
- Abstract
BK virus (BKV) may cause nephropathy in renal transplant patients, resulting in graft dysfunction and possible graft loss. We used a sensitive quantitative BKV assay to monitor plasma BK viral loads in 11 renal transplant patients for periods ranging from 37 to 189 weeks posttransplant. Five patients remained negative for BKV, and 6 developed viremia, including 1 patient with a transient viremia. Of the viremic patients, 2 were diagnosed with BKV nephropathy after increasing serial BK viral loads, prompting a renal biopsy that established the diagnosis. A 3rd patient had high initial BK viral load and biopsy-proven disease that resolved with reduced immunosuppression. Two patients did not develop nephropathy despite persistent viral loads of 10(4) copies/mL. Five of 6 patients experienced viral clearance from the plasma (BK viral load <500 copies/mL), which was associated with their renal function becoming stabilized, and the remaining patient experienced a downward trend in viral load and stable renal function. Thus, the BKV quantitative assay was useful in aiding the diagnosis of BKV nephropathy, monitoring the response to reductions in immunosuppression and identified that some patients can have persistent viremia and still develop stable renal function without specific antiviral therapy.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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148. Feasibility of real-time polymerase chain reaction in whole blood to identify Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
- Author
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Kee C, Palladino S, Kay I, Pryce TM, Murray R, Rello J, Gallego M, Lujan M, Muñoz-Almagro C, and Waterer GW
- Subjects
- Bacterial Proteins genetics, Humans, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal microbiology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Streptococcus pneumoniae genetics, Streptolysins genetics, Blood microbiology, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Pneumonia, Pneumococcal diagnosis, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Streptococcus pneumoniae isolation & purification
- Abstract
We assessed a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the lytA and ply gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Both assays were applied to whole blood samples from 28 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Our findings suggest the lytA PCR is more sensitive, and the quantitative aspect of the assay shows promise as an aid to clinical judgment.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
149. Rapid identification of fungal pathogens in BacT/ALERT, BACTEC, and BBL MGIT media using polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions.
- Author
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Pryce TM, Palladino S, Price DM, Gardam DJ, Campbell PB, Christiansen KJ, and Murray RJ
- Subjects
- Costs and Cost Analysis, DNA, Intergenic genetics, Humans, Mitosporic Fungi genetics, Mitosporic Fungi growth & development, Polymerase Chain Reaction economics, Transcription, Genetic, Culture Media, DNA, Fungal analysis, Mitosporic Fungi isolation & purification, Mycoses diagnosis, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Abstract
We report a direct polymerase chain reaction/sequence (d-PCRS)-based method for the rapid identification of clinically significant fungi from 5 different types of commercial broth enrichment media inoculated with clinical specimens. Media including BacT/ALERT FA (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) (n = 87), BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F (Becton Dickinson, Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD) (n = 16), BACTEC Peds Plus/F (Becton Dickinson) (n = 15), BACTEC Lytic/10 Anaerobic/F (Becton Dickinson) (n = 11) bottles, and BBL MGIT (Becton Dickinson) (n = 11) were inoculated with specimens from 138 patients. A universal DNA extraction method was used combining a novel pretreatment step to remove PCR inhibitors with a column-based DNA extraction kit. Target sequences in the noncoding internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA gene were amplified by PCR and sequenced using a rapid (24 h) automated capillary electrophoresis system. Using sequence alignment software, fungi were identified by sequence similarity with sequences derived from isolates identified by upper-level reference laboratories or isolates defined as ex-type strains. We identified Candida albicans (n = 14), Candida parapsilosis (n = 8), Candida glabrata (n = 7), Candida krusei (n = 2), Scedosporium prolificans (n = 4), and 1 each of Candida orthopsilosis, Candida dubliniensis, Candida kefyr, Candida tropicalis, Candida guilliermondii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Malassezia pachydermatis by d-PCRS analysis. All d-PCRS identifications from positive broths were in agreement with the final species identification of the isolates grown from subculture. Earlier identification of fungi using d-PCRS may facilitate prompt and more appropriate antifungal therapy.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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150. Rapid detection of mecA and nuc genes in staphylococci by real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
- Author
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Costa AM, Kay I, and Palladino S
- Subjects
- Base Sequence, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Penicillin-Binding Proteins, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Staphylococcus aureus genetics, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Endonucleases genetics, Methicillin Resistance, Micrococcal Nuclease genetics, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification
- Abstract
A multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the mecA and nuc genes was developed for the detection of methicillin resistance and identification of Staphylococcus aureus. Novel mecA and nuc primers and fluorescence resonance energy transfer hybridization probes specific for the mecA and nuc genes were evaluated. The assay was performed using the LightCycler system (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany) and evaluated against the traditional gel-based multiplex PCR (PCR-gel) method currently used at Royal Perth Hospital. Clinical isolates (n = 222) and isolates from a culture collection library (n = 206) were tested by both assays in parallel. The RT-PCR assay was 100% sensitive and specific for the detection of methicillin resistance and for the identification of S. aureus when compared with the PCR-gel assay. Results from the RT-PCR assay showed 5 isolates with lower efficiency fluorescence curves for the nuc gene PCR fragment. DNA sequencing showed mutations within the region of the probe-binding sites compared with the reference strain. The results of the RT-PCR assay were available within 2 h. This rapid mecA/nuc RT-PCR assay is a suitable and practical tool for the routine detection of methicillin resistance and identification of S. aureus, which can be easily incorporated into the diagnostic molecular microbiology laboratory work flow.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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