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PURPOSE: To investigate the associations of time spent sedentary, in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) with physical capability measures at age 60-64 years. METHODS: Time spent sedentary and in MVPA and, PAEE were assessed using individually calibrated combined heart rate and movement sensing among 1727 participants from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development in England, Scotland and Wales as part of a detailed clinical assessment undertaken in 2006-2010. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional associations between standardised measures of each of these behavioural variables with grip strength, chair rise and timed up-&-go (TUG) speed and standing balance time. RESULTS: Greater time spent in MVPA was associated with higher levels of physical capability; adjusted mean differences in each capability measure per 1 standard deviation increase in MVPA time were: grip strength (0.477 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.015 to 0.939), chair rise speed (0.429 stands/min, 95% CI: 0.093 to 0.764), standing balance time (0.028 s, 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.053) and TUG speed (0.019 m/s, 95% CI: 0.011 to 0.026). In contrast, time spent sedentary was associated with lower grip strength (-0.540 kg, 95% CI: -1.013 to -0.066) and TUG speed (-0.011 m/s, 95% CI: -0.019 to -0.004). Associations for PAEE were similar to those for MVPA. CONCLUSION: Higher levels of MVPA and overall physical activity (PAEE) are associated with greater levels of physical capability whereas time spent sedentary is associated with lower levels of capability. Future intervention studies in older adults should focus on both the promotion of physical activity and reduction in time spent sedentary.

The overarching aim of this year’s meeting was to know the general results of the last research survey carried out in summer 2013 and to agree on the objectives and logistical issues (scientific equipment, staff etc.) for the next research survey carried out in summer 2014.

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The 3M redfish assessment is focused on the beaked redfish, regarded as a management unit composed of two populations from two very similar species: the Flemish Cap S. mentella and S. fasciatus. The reason for this approach is the historical dominance of this group in the 3M redfish commercial catch until 2005. However a new golden redfish fishery (S. marinus) started on September 2005 on shallower depths of the Flemish Cap bank above 300m, and the Flemish Cap cod fishery reopened in 2010. These new realities implied a revision of catch estimates, in order to split recent redfish commercial catch and by-catch from the major fleets on Div. 3M into golden (S. marinus) and beaked (S. mentella and S. fasciatus) redfish catches. An Extended Survivor Analysis (Shepherd, 1999) was used with the same framework of previous assessments and with the tuning of the 1989-2012 EU survey. Survey results suggest that the beaked redfish stock has not been able to hold its growth and sustain an above average level, suffering instead a severe decline on the second half of the 2000’s. The most likely hypothesis to justify this unexpected downward trend on stock size is an increase in natural mortality by cod predation. From the sensitive analysis, natural mortality at 0.4 was applied on ages 4-6 through 2006-2010, and extended to ages 7 plus on 2009 and 2010. It has been kept constant through all ages on 2011 and 2012, but with an overall decline to 0.125.This is the highest possible level of natural mortality giving assessment results in line with the recent survey trends and at the same time with key diagnostics very close to the best ones, obtained with the return on 2011-2012 to the “standard” redfish natural mortality of 0.1. A 2013-2009 retrospective XSA was also carried out, being this assessment very much in line with their immediate predecessors (2012-2011). Above average year classes coupled with low fishing mortalities allowed a rapid growth of biomass and abundance since 2003 that pushed the stock to a 2008-2009 high. Between 2009 and 2011 biomass and abundance of exploitable and 7 plus female stock went down for causes other than fishing. These declines were halted at well above average levels on the terminal year and, at least for biomass, there was some improvement on 2012. The recruitment at age 4 increased from 2002 till 2006 and was kept at a high level until 2009, with 2005 year class as the most abundant year class of the assessment interval. Recruitment to exploitable stock declined since then and is approaching the level of the weak year classes from the 1990’s. Short and medium term stochastic projections were obtained for female spawning stock biomass (SSB) under Fstatusquo , together with SSB and yield medium term probability profiles. As it was documented on the 2011 assessment F0.1 is an unacceptable management option at the current beaked redfish stock status. Keeping on 2014 and 2015 fishing mortality at its present low level will sustain on the short term a high level of female spawning biomass. But on the long term it will be natural mortality to determine the future of beaked redfish as a fishery resource.

Gastric motility has not been extensively studied in patients with cirrhosis and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) may be associated with antropyloric dysfunction. This study therefore looked at antral motility using ultrasound in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis with or without GAVE. Twenty six patients were included: 10 patients with cirrhosis without GAVE, eight patients with cirrhosis and GAVE, and eight controls without liver disease. Measurement of antral area and antral contractions (amplitude and frequency) was performed for three hours after ingestion of a standardised solid-liquid meal. Antral area half time (mean (SD)) was not significantly increased in patients with cirrhosis without GAVE (84 (42) min), but increased by 120% (123 (43) min; p < 0.01) in patients with GAVE compared with controls (56 (26) min). GAVE patients exhibited the same frequency and amplitude of antral contractions at each time point as controls and had the same tendency to increase these values over time although this was attenuated in the late postprandial phase. In contrast, cirrhotic patients without GAVE exhibited a significantly higher frequency and amplitude of antral contractions during the initial postprandial phase but showed no change in either frequency or amplitude over time. In conclusion, in cirrhosis there is an abnormal antral motor response to a meal, which has a different pattern over time in patients with or without GAVE.

Dat een sociaal netwerk - ook wel sociaal kapitaal genoemd - nuttig kan zijn, is bekend. Voordelen kunnen variëren van een gelukkiger of gezonder leven tot het vinden van een betere baan. Wat het netwerk van jongeren, en meer specifiek dat van mbo’ers, bijdraagt aan de leerloopbaan, is nog niet eerder onderzocht. In dit onderzoek is het netwerk van familie, vrienden en kennissen van een kleine 1.600 mbo’ers in kaart gebracht. Het hebben van een netwerk is geen garantie dat je daar iets aan hebt. Daarom is ook onderzocht in hoeverre het netwerk toegang biedt tot hulp en of dit effect heeft op schoolsucces, de scherpte van het beroepsbeeld en de tevredenheid over de stage. De resultaten laten zien dat niet zozeer het netwerk zelf, maar meer de toegang tot hulp van invloed is. De verschillen zijn groot. Sommigen hebben een rijk en gevarieerd netwerk met veel familie, vrienden en kennissen die kunnen helpen. Anderen hebben dit niet en zijn vooral op zichzelf en de school aangewezen. In een verkennend kwalitatief onderzoek onder docenten komt naar voren dat er nog weinig expliciet aandacht is voor sociaal kapitaal. De noodzaak om hier aandacht aan te besteden wordt wel ingezien.

De led-lamp beroerde een gevoelige snaar bij glastuinders in Nederland. Een duurzame lamp, energiezuinig, minder lichtuitstoot. Maar ook al wil iedereen dat het een succes wordt, daarmee ben je er nog niet. Tegenvallers hebben de tuinbouw nu led-moe gemaakt.

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KABAT, A. R., PETIT, R. E. (2007): Glenn Robert Webb (1918–1999), his molluscan taxa, and his journal Gastropodia (1952–1994). Zootaxa, 1589, 1–21. (Erratum). Zootaxa 1605 (1): 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1605.1.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1605.1.5

The recent growth of the French barrel industry, leading to increased importations of oak wood and a general lack of wood origin guarantee, has resulted in the demand for a reliable technique permitting to control the provenance of oak wood. In this study we propose to adapt wood traceability technique using chloroplast DNA markers to this industrial context. The retrieval of DNA and haplotype determination has been tested on different types of wood samples that can be collected in cooperage firms, and a clear effect of wood treatment on DNA degradation has been observed. Despite the poor quantity and quality of DNA retrieved from staves, haplotypes could be determined on a large proportion of the samples, permitting to check the genetic conformity of woods with announced provenances. In several cases, our study proved the existence of unlabeled oak woods originating from eastern Europe and the incorrect use of the names of famous French forests., Contrôle de l'origine géographique des bois de chêne utilisés en tonnellerie. L'importation croissante de bois de chêne et le manque de garantie sur son origine, liés à l'expansion récente de la tonnellerie française, rendent nécessaire la mise au point d'une technique fiable permettant de contrôler l'origine des bois de chêne. Dans cette étude, nous avons cherché à adapter, pour ce secteur industriel, les méthodes moléculaires de traçabilité des bois de chêne utilisant les marqueurs chloroplastiques. La qualité et la quantité de l'ADN extrait et la caractérisation des haplotypes ont alors été évalués sur les différents types d'échantillons de bois rencontrés dans les tonnelleries. Nous avons pu démontrer un effet net des différents traitements du bois sur la dégradation de l'ADN. Cependant, malgré la faible qualité et quantité d'ADN extrait des bois de merrains, les haplotypes ont pu être déterminés sur une large proportion des échantillons, permettant de tester la conformité des bois avec l'origine annoncée. Dans plusieurs cas, nous avons pu mettre en évidence l'existence de bois mal identifiés, provenant de l'est de l'Europe, ainsi que l'utilisation abusive des noms des provenances françaises renommées.

The possibility to use chloroplast microsatellites (cpSSRs) instead of restriction analysis of PCR-amplified DNA fragments to differentiate oak populations was tested in two economically important tree species: Quercus petraea and Quercus robur. The level and pattern of inter- and intraspecific cpDNA variation were studied over 48 French populations using a total of 24 cpSSR loci. The same pattern of low intrapopulation diversity and high population differentiation was noted with both types of markers, since there was an almost total redundancy of haplotypes identified with both techniques. Overall, our results indicate that chloroplast microsatellites can be used for haplotype discrimination in many contexts including certification or traceability of oak material., Utilisation des microsatellites chloroplastiques pour différencier des populations de chênes. Nous avons cherché à comparer l'efficacité de deux types de marqueurs chloroplastiques, les marqueurs microsatellites (cpSSR) et marqueurs PCR-RFLP (cpRFLP), à différencier des populations de chênes sessiles et pédonculés, deux espèces d'arbres forestiers économiquement importantes. Le niveau et la structuration de la diversité inter et intra-spécifique ont été mesurés au sein de 48 populations françaises au travers de l'analyse de 24 microsatellites chloroplastiques. Une faible diversité intra-population, ainsi qu'une forte différenciation des populations de chênes ont pu être mesurées à l'aide des deux types de marqueurs, du fait d'une redondance quasi-complète des haplotypes identifiés par les deux techniques. Nos résultats indiquent donc que les marqueurs microsatellites chloroplastiques peuvent être utilisés pour la distinction d'haplotypes et de populations de chênes dans le cadre de la certification ou de la traçabilité de matériel forestier (graines, plants, bois).

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International audience; New methods for better identification of timber geographical origin would constitute an important technical element in the forest industry, for phytosanitary certification procedures or in the chain of custody developed for the certification of timber from sustainably managed forests. In the case of the European white oaks, a detailed reference map of chloroplast (cp) DNA variation across the range exists, and we propose here to use the strong geographical structure, characterized by a differentiation of western vs. eastern populations, for the purpose of oak wood traceability. We first developed cpDNA markers permitting the characterization of haplotype on degraded DNA obtained from wood samples. The techniques were subsequently validated by confirming the full correspondence between genotypes obtained from living tissues (buds) and from wood collected from the same individual oak. Finally, a statistical procedure was used to test if the haplotype composition of a lot of wood samples is consistent with its presumed geographical origin. Clearly, the technique cannot permit the unambiguous identification of wood products of unknown origin but can be used to check the conformity of genetic composition of wood samples with the region of alleged origin. This could lead to major applications not only in the forest industry but also in archaeology or in palaeobotany.

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“The final publication is available at www.springerlink.com”. Submitted by Maria Eduarda Pereira Rodrigues (erodrigues@ipcb.pt) on 2011-05-25T15:52:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2001 Ribeiro TAG.pdf: 82944 bytes, checksum: 2022a99ce3a2c26a4f38b8cb32a78e14 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Eduarda Pereira Rodrigues(erodrigues@ipcb.pt) on 2011-05-25T15:52:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2001 Ribeiro TAG.pdf: 82944 bytes, checksum: 2022a99ce3a2c26a4f38b8cb32a78e14 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-25T15:57:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2001 Ribeiro TAG.pdf: 82944 bytes, checksum: 2022a99ce3a2c26a4f38b8cb32a78e14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001

13 ref. *INRA Biométrie Jouy-en-Josas (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA Biométrie Jouy-en-Josas (FRA); National audience

Travaux soutenus dans le cadre d'une Action Incitative Programmée de l'INRA 1996-1997 *INRA, Laboratoire de Biométrie, Jouy en Josas Diffusion du document : INRA, Laboratoire de Biométrie, Jouy en Josas; National audience

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Cet article synthétise les derniers résultats obtenus sur la structuration de la diversité génétique observée chez le chêne sessile (#Quercus petraea#) et le chêne pédonculé (#Quercus robur#). Cette analyse débouche sur une meilleure connaissance de la diversité génétique du chêne sessile, des conseils aux aménagistes et une réflexion sur la conservation des ressources génétiques. La diversité génétique du chêne sessile, évaluée au travers des marqueurs moléculaires dont nous disposons, est l'une des plus élevées de tous les organismes vivants. La structuration observée résulte de deux facteurs : l'histoire post-glaciaire des chênes et la sélection naturelle. A la lumière de ces travaux deux conseils essentiels sont donnés aux aménagistes : utilisation des ressources génétiques locales par la régénération naturelle ou pour les reboisements et recommandation de récolter les graines d'une même provenance sur un minimum de 30 points répartis sur au moins 15 hectares. La conservation des ressources génétiques s'oriente vers plusieurs voies : sélection d'une trentaine de populations échantillons représentatives de la diversité génétique des chênes, conservation des mécanismes de maintien de la diversité génétique, et sauvegarde et protection des ressources rares ou en danger.

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