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The new anchovy Stolephorus babarani n. sp. is described on the basis of 26 specimens collected from Panay Island, central Philippines. The new species closely resembles Stolephorus bataviensis Hardenberg 1933 and Stolephorus baweanensis Hardenberg 1933, all these species having a long upper jaw (posterior tip extending beyond posterior margin of preopercle), and numerous dusky spots on the suborbital area (in adults), snout and lower jaw tip. However, the new species differs from S. bataviensis by usually having the posterior tip of the depressed pelvic fin not reaching to vertical through the dorsal-fin origin (vs. extending beyond vertical through dorsal-fin origin), a shorter head (23.9–25.5% of standard length vs. 25.3–28.0%), and a greater distance between the dorsal-fin origin and pectoral-fin insertion (D–P1; 133.9–151.8% of head length vs. 109.9–136.3%). Stolephorus babarani is distinguished from S. baweanensis by having a shorter snout (3.6–3.9% of standard length vs. 3.8–4.6%). Moreover, the new species can be distinguished from S. bataviensis and S. baweanensis by higher gill raker counts on the first and second gill arches (16–18 + 21–23 and 10–13 + 18–21, respectively, vs. 14–17 + 19–22 and 9–12 + 17–20 in S. bataviensis and 14–17 + 19–22 and 9–12 + 17–21 in S. baweanensis). Stolephorus babarani is separated by 5.3% and 10.7% mean p-distances in the mitochondrial COI from S. baweanensis and S. bataviensis, respectively.

The giant isopod genus Bathynomus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879, is recorded for the first time in Indonesian waters, from deep waters off southern Java in the Indian Ocean. Bathynomus raksasasp. nov. is described and notes on juvenile specimens of an unidentified species found in the same locality are also provided. Bathynomus raksasasp. nov. is characterized by the large size (averaging at 330 mm), narrowly rounded clypeus apex, prominent longitudinal carina on the clypeus, convex lateral margins of the uropodal exopod and endopod, produced distolateral corners of the uropodal exopod and endopod which have acute ends, an uropodal exopod with a setal fringe of medium length (69%), a pleotelson 1.6 times wider than long with the posterior margin medially concave, and the large number (11–13) of spines on the pleotelson.

The adductor insertion avulsion syndrome, also called “thigh splints,” is usually considered a sports injury, causing thigh and groin pain. It is related to chronic traction stress of the adductor muscles at their insertion site along the posterior margin of the proximal and mid-femoral diaphysis, and it can get complicated by stress fracture. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman—significantly older than previously reported cases—with a history of complete functional loss of the right hip following intensive physiotherapy and a final diagnosis of adductor insertion avulsion syndrome.

Purpose Orbital invasion of periocular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a potentially life-threatening condition with high levels of ocular morbidity. Exenteration results in significant disfigurement and permanent loss of vision. We report our experience with a patient who presented with medial orbit invasion of a BCC following 2 previous microscopically adequate local excisions of medial canthal BCC, an adequate Moh’s micrographic surgical excision of the tumor, and radiotherapy. The patient underwent an orbital excision where the tumor was found to have perineural involvement and extend beyond the posterior margin. Following the pathology results of this procedure, the patient opted to try vismodegib (Erivedge®) to delay exenteration for as long as possible. Observations A course of vismodegib was taken by the patient with minor side effects (partial alopecia, mild dysgeusia and hyposmia, and minor muscle cramps). Subsequent imaging demonstrated no recurrence of the orbital tumor 29 months after orbital excision. Conclusion and importance We demonstrate the use of vismodegib with local orbital excision as an eye-saving alternative to exenteration for advanced orbital metastasis of BCC.

A new species of Pimelodella is described from northern coastal drainages of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Colombia. The new species is diagnosed from all trans-Andean congeners by the following unique combination of characters: head length 22.2–23.7% SL, bony interorbital width 17.6–21.6% HL, maxillary barbels length 53.0–68.3% SL, inner mental-barbels length 14.4–20.0% SL, body width 17.6–21.1% SL, dorsal-fin spine length 8.3–13.7% SL, dorsal-fin base 12.3–14.9% SL, pectoral-fin spine length 12.9-14.5% SL, pectoral-fin spine length without dentations on the distal posterior margin 21.6–29.8% in pectoral-fin spine length, maximum depth of dentations in posterior margin of pectoral-fin spine 1.40–1.68 times in the width of the spine at its base, adipose-fin base length 22.8–26.4% SL, caudal-peduncle depth 9.2–10.5% SL, 40 vertebrae, having a conspicuous paired dark brown stripe on the dorsal surface of body, extending from posterior margin of head to caudal-fin insertion and a wide dark brown midlateral stripe present. The isolated occurrence of this new taxon living in allopatry in coastal drainages of the SNSM could have interesting biogeographic implications for dispersal and vicariance processes of the ichthyofauna from northern South America.

A new mayfly species Thraulus thiagarajani sp. nov. is described and characterized by dorsal lamella of abdominal gill I lanceolate, lamella of gills II- VII subequal to or slightly larger than dorsal lamella; posterior margin of labrum not strongly convex. Imago of the species with patterned femora and tergum. Hind wings have no coloration at base, much smaller than forewing. Costal projection is present at 0.6 of hind wing.

A new species of the perlid genus Chinoperla Zwick, C. biprojecta sp. nov. from Hainan Province of southern China is described. The male of the new species is easily distinguished from other known species by the pair of finger-like projections at posterior margin of the median sclerite of tergum 9.

A new species of the genus Ceradocus Costa, 1853 is described from Northeastern Brazil. This species is unique in having: (1) male gnathopod 2 propodus palm ornamented, palmar corner defined by a soft spine; (2) spines along the entire posterior margin of epimeral plate 3, (3) telson with very long apical setae. This new species is the second species of this genus in Brazil. An updated taxonomic key to the Ceradocus of the world is also provided.

International audience; PURPOSE: The sensory trigeminal nerve in the trigeminal cave of Meckel-which is an individualized lodge-is classically segmented into two parts: the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the triangular plexus (TP). The TP has been defined as the portion of the trigeminal nerve from the posterior margin of the TG to the path over the upper ridge of the petrous bone. Due to its relatively unrecognized status, its morphological and functional anatomy has been reviewed by the authors through a PRISMA systematic review of the literature.METHODS: The authors have carried out a systematic review of the TP according to the PRISMA model with various bibliographical bases. Before 1947: Medic @ Library (BIU Santé Paris, 2017); Index-Catalog of the Library of the Surgeon-General's Office (US National Library of Medicine, 2017); Gallica (French National Library, 2017). After 1947: PUBMED, PubMed Central and MEDLINE.RESULTS: 56 articles were retained for full-text examination, of which 23 were chosen and included. The TP was described as having a triangular shape (30.2%), a plexual organization (97.4%) with sensory-, motor- and sympathetic-anastomoses (96.7%) that, however, respect the somatotopic trigeminal distribution (93.3%). The direct electrical stimulation of the root at the level of the TP (during radiofrequency-thermorhizotomy procedures) confirmed a clear-cut somatotopy.CONCLUSION: An understanding of both the morphological and the functional anatomy of the triangular plexus can contribute to accuracy and safety on the surgeries performed for trigeminal neuralgia and tumor removal inside the trigeminal cave.

Here we describe an anatomically divergent wood-boring bivalve belonging to the family Teredinidae. Specimens were collected off the coast of Mabini, Batangas, Philippines, in February 2018, from sunken driftwood at a depth of less than 2 m. A combination of characteristics differentiates these specimens from members of previously named teredinid genera and species. Most notable among these include: an enlarged cephalic hood which extends across the posterior slope of the shell valves and integrates into the posterior adductor muscle; a unique structure, which we term the ‘cephalic collar’, formed by protruding folds of the mantle immediately ventral to the foot and extending past the posterior margin of the valves; a large globular stomach located entirely posterior to the posterior adductor muscle and extending substantially beyond the posterior gape of the valves; an elongate crystalline style and style sac extending from the base of the foot, past the posterior adductor muscle, to the posteriorly located stomach; calcareous pallets distinct from those of described genera; a prominently flared mantle collar which extends midway along the stalk of the pallets; and, separated siphons that bear a pigmented pinstripe pattern with highly elaborate compound papillae on the incurrent siphon aperture. We used Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) to build a virtual 3D anatomical model of this organism, confirming the spatial arrangement of the structures described above. Phylogenetic analysis of the small (18S) and large (28S) nuclear rRNA gene sequences, place this bivalve within the Teredindae on a branch well differentiated from previously named genera and species. We propose the new genus and speciesTamilokus mabiniato accommodate these organisms, raising the total number of genera in this economically and environmentally important family to 17. This study demonstrates the efficacy of Micro-CT for anatomical description of a systematically challenging group of bivalves whose highly derived body plans are differentiated predominantly by soft tissue adaptations rather than features of calcareous hard-parts.

Taxonomic analysis of a group of morphologically similar and phylogenetically related ponyfishes (Perciformes: Leiognathidae) establishes the Equulites elongatus species group comprising three valid species: Equulites aethopos sp. nov., currently known only from southern Red Sea; Equulites elongatus (Gunther 1874), known from northern Australia, Indonesia and Myanmar; and Equulites popei (Whitley 1932), known from Japan, Philippines, Malaysia (Sabah), Thailand (Gulf of Thailand), Oman, the Red Sea, and Mozambique. Although E. popei has previously been regarded as a junior synonym of E. elongatus, the present mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed that these two nominal species are different and that they constitute a monophyletic group separate from other species of Equulites. The E. elongatus species group can be defined by the following of characters: slender body (20–30% in standard length), deeply incised posterior margin of the adipose eyelid, and ventral surface of breast completely scaly. Equulites aethopos sp. nov. differs from the other two species in having smaller eyes (eye diameter 53–68% of postorbital head length vs. 78–137%) and tips of neural and hemal spines of the fourth preural centrum distinctly expanding (vs. slightly expanding). Equulites elongatus is distinguished from E. popei by: scales above and below the lateral line 5–9 and 9–14, respectively (vs. 8–13 and 12–19), anus anteriorly located (distance from the pelvic-fin insertion to the center of anus 30–42% of the distance from the pelvic-fin insertion to the anal-fin origin vs. 35–50%), and more numerous dorsolateral dark marks (1–9 ring marks and 0–14 dark spots smaller than a half of pupil diameter vs. 0–2 and 0–5).

Encrasicholina auster sp. nov. (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae) is described on the basis of six specimens collected from Fiji, southwestern Pacific Ocean. The new species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: long upper jaw (posterior tip extending beyond posterior margin of preopercle) 20.8%–22.5% standard length (SL); long lower jaw 19.0%–20.7% SL; long head 29.1%–29.2% SL; three unbranched rays in the dorsal and anal fins; transverse scales 11; branched pectoral-fin rays 12–13; pseudobranchial filaments 19–21; gill rakers 45–49, 40–43, 26–31 and 22–25 on the first, second, third and fourth gill arches, respectively.

A new species of labrid fish Oxycheilinus samurai sp. nov. is described on the basis of five specimens from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, and Panay Island, the Philippines. The new species is most similar to the Indo-West Pacific species Oxycheilinus orientalis in having a slender compressed body, 12 pectoral-fin rays, a blackish blotch around the anterior portion of the lateral-line anterior series, and a dark blotch basally on the membrane between the first and second dorsal-fin spines. However, O. samurai can be distinguished from O. orientalis by the following combination of characters: gill rakers 4 + 7–8; snout rounded with maximum circumference 49.8–63.5 % of standard length (SL); interorbital width 7.7–9.2 % of SL; caudal-peduncle depth 13.8–15.3 % of SL; posterior margin of caudal fin white; black or dark red area just before white posterior margin of caudal fin; poorly defined blackish blotches on inner surface of opercle in preserved specimens.

Desmoid-type fibromatosis of the breast (also referred to as desmoid tumor or aggressive fibromatosis) is exceedingly rare. Although it does not metastasize, desmoid-type fibromatosisis is frequently locally aggressive. Recurrence is common (up to 35%), even after presumed total excision of the primary tumor [1]. The breast is an unusual location for the development of this tumor, with relatively few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of desmoid-type fibromatosis in the breast in a 31-year-old female who presented with a four-month history of a palpable left breast mass. Her imaging was discordant, so she underwent surgical excision of the mass. Multiple positive margins were present. She underwent re-excision to the level of the sternum medially. Final pathology showed a focally positive posterior margin, without muscle or fascial involvement. The patient's case was discussed at the multidisciplinary tumor board conference and no further intervention was recommended. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature in which negative margins were unable to be achieved for desmoid tumors of the breast operatively.

Adult specimens of Oswaldotrema nacinovici (Digenea: Philophthalmidae) have been first identified in Korea from 2 migratory birds (whimbrels, Numenius phaeopus) which were found dead at a western seashore area near Gunsan. The worms were recovered in the intestine of these birds. The worms were morphologically characterized by a large ventral sucker in comparison to the oral sucker, an external seminal vesicle extending beyond the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, and conspicuous uterine seminal receptacle. It was noteworthy that metacercariae-like bodies were contained within the inflated regions of 2 ceca. Other intestinal trematode species found in whimbrels included Spelotrema pygmeum, Gynaecotyla squatarolae, Maritrema obstipum, and Himasthla megacotyle. Zoonotic potential of these trematode species should be taken into considerations.

A new urothripine species, Baenothripscuneatussp. n., is described from China. This is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characteristics: dorsal surface of head having a wedge-shaped reticulation extending from median to the posterior margin; antennal segments VII–VIII is closely joined with a complete suture; the mesoacrotergite strongly constricted in the middle; abdominal tergite I divided into 5 plates; width of membranous gap between ovispan on abdominal sternite IX approximately 1/3 of the apical width of segment IX.

All specimens of Ichthyosaurus from the Lower Jurassic of Somerset were previously identified as I. communis, an abundant and extremely variable species. Here, two new species of Ichthyosaurus are recognized from multiple specimens. The species are assigned to Ichthyosaurus on the basis of the humerus, pectoral girdle and forefin morphologies. I. larkini sp. nov. is distinguished by a broad jugal with a blunt anterior end that extends as far forward as the middle of the external naris, separating the maxilla and lacrimal; and a unique combination of other features. I. somersetensis sp. nov. is distinguished by a jugal with a nearly straight dorsal ramus that lacks a right-angle dorsal bend; a high, narrow, crescentic postorbital that forms almost all of the posterior margin of the orbit and separates the jugal dorsal ramus from the orbit; and an ilium that is wide relative to its length, more oblong than rib-like. The identifications are supported by a phylogenetic analysis which finds the new species more closely related to each other than to other species of the genus. We also identify a squamosal in both species, which confirms that it is present in the genus. This study suggests that hindfin morphology has some taxonomic utility, at least within the genus. The new species increases the diversity of Ichthyosaurus to six species, three of which are found in the Hettangian of Somerset.

Summary The posterior half of the prostate has a smooth well-defined edge unlike anteriorly. Often, tumor extends close to the posterior margin, where it is controversial whether pathologists should measure the distance between the tumor and the margin. There are no published data regarding the significance of a close margin factoring in the anatomical location within the radical prostatectomy (RP). We identified 158 RPs with 39 anterior-predominant carcinomas and 119 cases with posterior-predominant cancer. Distances between the tumor and inked margin were measured with an ocular micrometer. Eighty-seven cases had no progression with a minimum 6-year follow-up (median, 8; range, 6-9). Eighteen cases had progression with a median time to progression of 2 years with all men progressing within 6 years after RP. There was no statistically significant difference in the risk of progression relative to distance of tumor to the posterior margin ( P =.09). The mean distance of tumor to the anterior margin for the cases that progressed was 0.6 mm (median, 0.5 mm; range, 0.05-1.18) compared to 1.9 mm (median, 1.1; range, 0.02-4) for the cases that did not progress ( P =.02). Of 7 cases with anterior-predominant tumors that progressed, 5 had tumor located less than 1 mm from the anterior margin. In conclusion, if cancer is present less than 1 mm from the anterior margin, there is an increased tendency to recur, and this finding should be included in pathology reports. However, close margins posteriorly are not clinically significant and should not be reported.

Four new species of the bristletail families Ateluridae (Atelura abkhazica sp. n. and Nipponatelurina caucasica sp. n.) and Lepismatidae (Lepisma xylophila sp. n. and L. adygei sp. n.) are described. Atelura abkhazica sp. n. differs from the other species of the genus Atelura in a smaller size, smaller number of ovipositor divisions, in the presence of apical sensory cones on the male parameres, which are absent in the other species of the genus, and in a fewer number of lateral pegs on urotergite X. The genus Nipponatelurina comprises two species (N. kurosai Mendes et Machida, 1994 and N. caucasica sp. n.). The distinguishing features of N. caucasica sp. n. include a significant number of short minute thin cilia on the head capsule, a longer ultimate segment of the maxillary palp, and a fewer number of setae at the posterior margin of urosternites IV–VII. Lepisma xylophila sp. n. differs from L. saccharinum and L. chlorosoma in the distribution of epidermic pigment and in the urotergites chaetom. Lepisma adygei sp. n. is most closely related to the synanthropic species L. saccharinum, but differs in the size of the body, color of scales on the upper surface of the body, and in the structure of the labial palps, urotergite X, ovipositor, and parameres.

The present paper deals with two new species of Yaginumaella, Yaginumaella lushuiensis sp. n. (female and male) and Yaginumaella pseudoflexa sp. n. (female and male). The male of Yaginumaella lushuiensis sp. n. differs from the related species Yaginumaella flexa Song & Chai, 1992 in ventral view of palpal organ. The female of Yaginumaella lushuiensis sp. n. differs from the related species Yaginumaella urbanii Żabka, 1981 by: 1) hoods locate at the anterior area of epigynum and far away from the copulatory openings; 2) epigynum about circular; 3) copulatory openings transverse. The male of Yaginumaella pseudoflexa sp. n. differs from the related species Yaginumaella bulbosa Peng, Tang & Li, 2008 in ventral view of palpal organ: 1) basal portion of embolus touches the margin of genital bulb. 2) distal portion of tibial apophysis covers the posterior margin of cymbium and far away from the margin of genital bulb. The female of Yaginumaella pseudoflexa sp. n. differs from the related species Yaginumaella urbanii Żabka, 1981 by: epigynum about as long as wide; hoods locate at the anterior area of the epigynum, above the outside area of the copulatory openings and far away from the copulatory openings. Photos of body and copulatory organs, line drawings of copulatory organs, as well as the locality map are provided. Descriptions of morphology are given.

The vaginal vestibule has not been the subject of a dedicated journal article. Recent terminology has suggested its division into anterior and posterior components. The case for this division has not yet been assessed. Both components extend laterally from the hymen to the junction with the labia minora. The posterior vaginal vestibule is proposed to extend from the posterior aspect of the hymen to the anterior edge of the perineum whilst the anterior vestibule extends from the posterior aspect of the hymen to just below the clitoris. Anatomical considerations (differing layers) might firstly support the above division. The posterior vestibule, by necessity, is far more flexible with the superficial aspect (approximately 1.5 cm), anatomically and histologically, comprising skin and subcutaneous tissue, with perineal musculature deep to this. In turn, it is more likely to be subject to obstetric and surgical considerations than the anterior vaginal vestibule. Obstetric trauma, in particular, would tend to create defects, particularly at its posterior margin. Many dermatological and microbiological considerations may be common to both anterior and posterior vestibule. Any dermatological condition of the vestibule can result in sexual dysfunction and can be complicated by secondary muscular spasm. Congenital anomalies will differ anteriorly and posteriorly. Multiple considerations can be identified to support the case for division of the vaginal vestibule into anterior and posterior components. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Purpose Curvature of the posterior border of the mandibular ramus at the occlusal plane has been described as a morphological trait for males. Controversy over the accuracy of this method remains among researchers; studies employing similar methods report accuracy rates for successful gender identification ranging from 59% to 99%. This blind study assessed evaluators’ ability to determine gender based on the presence or absence of curvature of the posterior margin of the mandibular ramus through panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods Randomly selected panoramic radiographs were obtained from The Ohio State University College of Dentistry for 413 adult male (M) and female (F) subjects. Two evaluators separately assigned ratings using a similar method to the Loth and Henenberg methodology to each subject on the right and left sides of mandibular rami. The ratings were based upon three criteria: (1) presence of curvature at the occlusal plane (M), (2) presence of curvature but not at the occlusal plane (F), and (3) lack of curvature (F). Pearson exact chi-squared test was used to evaluate the statistical strength of the ratings. Results The evaluators were only in agreement for both the right and left rami in roughly two-thirds (66.8%) of cases when there was no excessive tooth loss (ETL); however, the inter-observer agreement improved to 82.1% for those rami associated with ETL. Inter-observer agreement occurred in 72.9% of female rami and in only 64.4% of male rami. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that assessment of posterior border curvature of mandibular rami through panoramic radiographs was not a reliable indicator of gender and was further plagued by unacceptably high levels of inter-observer disagreement.

A new species of Hyphessobrycon is described from the Rio Papagaio, a tributary of the Rio Juruena, Rio Tapajos basin, Brazil. The new taxon can be distinguished from its congeners by having a well-defined and relatively narrow dark midlateral stripe on body extending from the upper half of the posterior margin of the eye to the middle caudal-fin rays, absence of a humeral blotch, 16–19 branched anal-fin rays, 2–4 maxillary teeth, six branched pelvic-fin rays, and the absence of dark pigmentation crossing the eye. Hyphessobrycon cyanotaenia, a species described from few specimens from the aquarium trade without precise locality, is redescribed herein based on extensive material, and its known distribution is discussed and rectified from the original description.

A new extinct rove beetle, Palaeomesoporus electiricus gen. et sp.n., is described from a single specimen of Eocene Baltic amber. This fossil beetle is placed in the tribe Mesoporini, a ‘basal’ group of the mega-diverse subfamily Aleocharinae. Palaeomesoporus is easily discriminated from other mesoporine genera due to its less-developed antennal club, longer and slender elytron lacking a sinuate posterior margin, and prominently shorter mesotarsus. This finding sheds light on the paleodiversity and evolutionary history of the tribe and ‘basal’ Aleocharinae.

The design and ratio of the cortico-cancellous composition of allograft spacers are associated with graft-related problems, including subsidence and allograft spacer failure. Methods: The study analyzed stress distribution and risk of subsidence according to three types (cortical only, cortical cancellous, cortical lateral walls with a cancellous center bone) and three lengths (11, 12, 14 mm) of allograft spacers under the condition of hybrid motion control, including flexion, extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending,. A detailed finite element model of a previously validated, three-dimensional, intact C3&ndash, 7 segment, with C5&ndash, 6 segmental fusion using allograft spacers without fixation, was used in the present study. Findings: Among the three types of cervical allograft spacers evaluated, cortical lateral walls with a cancellous center bone exhibited the highest stress on the cortical bone of spacers, as well as the endplate around the posterior margin of the spacers. The likelihood of allograft spacer failure was highest for 14 mm spacers composed of cortical lateral walls with a cancellous center bone upon flexion (PVMS, 270.0 MPa, 250.2%) and extension (PVMS: 371.40 MPa, 344.2%). The likelihood of allograft spacer subsidence was also highest for the same spacers upon flexion (PVMS, 4.58 MPa, 28.1%) and extension (PVMS: 12.71 MPa, 78.0%). Conclusion: Cervical spacers with a smaller cortical component and of longer length can be risk factors for allograft spacer failure and subsidence, especially in flexion and extension. However, further study of additional fixation methods, such as anterior plates/screws and posterior screws, in an actual clinical setting is necessary.

The final stadium larva of Euphaea superba Kimmins, 1936 is described and illustrated based on a male and a female specimens collected in Zhejiang province, China. The larvae were associated with the adults by mtCOI gene sequence. The larva of E. superba is diagnosed from other described members of the genus by the gena having 2–4 spines on outer side, the movable hook about 1.6 time as long as median cleft and female with primary genitalia extending to the posterior margin of abdominal segment 10.

Two new species of Campsurus from Colombia are herein described, based on adults of both sexes and eggs. Campsurus vichada sp. nov. from the albifilum group, is separated from the other species in this group by: abdominal terga shaded slightly darker posteriorly, with a pale median band and pale closed markings, and pedestals short and subquadrate, main lobes of penes very long and slender, among other characters. Its sister relation with C. homaulus and C. gracilipenis is hypothesized through a cladistic analysis. A key is presented for the six species in the albifilum group of Campsurus.Campsurus cristales sp. nov. from the segnis group, closely related to C. janae, is diagnosed by: posterior margin of male abdominal sternum IX tri–lobed, pedestal strongly elongated and penes with a strongly expanded dorsal area, among other features.

Except for catalog listings, Aleochara repetita Sharp, from Panama and Brazil (Para), has not been studied since its original description in 1887. Here, we record it again from Para and two additional Brazilian states, Distrito Federal and Parana. After examination of the type material, the species is transferred to the subgenus Xenochara Mulsant and Rey. Aleochara repetita is very similar to Aleochara opacula Bernhauer, from which it differs by the strongly sinuate and deeply U-shaped posterior margin of tergite VIII of the female and the spermatheca with a somewhat globose chamber. Here, for the first time, the male and female genitalia of the species are illustrated.

Niphargus lorestanensis sp.nov., a new species from west of Iran, is described and illustrated based on the analysis of morphological characters. Previous studies supported new species status using the phylogenetic analyses based on CO1, 28srDNA and H3 data in Esmaeili-Rineh et al., 2015. This species can be distinguished from other Iranian species by the equal length of palpus to outer lobe in maxilla I, the presence of multiple supporting robust setae in palmar corner of gnathopods I–II, not reaching dactyli to posterior margin of propodi in gnathopods I to II and trapezoid shape of propodi in gnathopods I–II. The Iranian fauna of Niphargus is currently represented by 18 described species.

Napochus Thomson, 1859 is the largest subgenus of Euconnus Thomson, 1859, currently comprising over 300 nominal species (Newton & Franz 1998; Jaloszynski 2015, 2016, 2017a, b). The subgenus was recently redefined and its adult morphological structures were illustrated and described in detail (Jaloszynski 2015). Moreover, the subgenera Neonapochus Machulka, 1929, Paranapochus Franz, 1986, Smicrophus Casey, 1897, Cephaloconnus Franz, 1998 and Cerviconnus Franz, 1962, and a genus Protoscydmus Franz, 1992 were placed as junior synonyms of Napochus (Jaloszynski 2015, 2016, 2017a, b). Currently Napochus is defined mainly by the subtrapezoidal pronotum, which is always broadest behind middle (typically at base or shortly in front of base) and strongly narrowed anterad, so that its anterior margin is much shorter than the posterior margin; and by the tetramerous antennal club. The latter, however, may be indistinctly tetramerous in some species, with the antennomere VIII only slightly larger than VII; antennae in such beetles may appear gradually broadened or even trimerous. The problem of antennal variability within Napochus requires further studies, and it is possible that the number of antennomeres forming the club should be excluded from the diagnosis, as too variable. Until recently, species of Euconnus similar to the type species of Napochus and with unmodified antennomeres were placed in Napochus , and one species, in which males have the antennal club modified, in a subgenus Neonapochus . Also beetles resembling Napochus but showing a sexual dimorphism in the head capsule (with cavities, impressions or unusual concavities in males) were placed not in Napochus , but in Cephaloconnus . Jaloszynski (2016, 2017b) demonstrated that beetles showing such modifications do not differ from Napochus in any important characters, and synonymized Neonapochus and Cephaloconnus with Napochus .

Two new species of cymothoid isopods,Gnathiakoreanasp. n.andTachaeakoreaensissp. n., are described from South Korea. The generaGnathiaLeach, 1814 andTachaeaSchioedte & Meinert, 1879 are recorded for the first time in South Korea.Gnathiakoreanasp. n.is distinguished from its congeners by having the smooth dorsal surface of the pereon, the strongly ridged unornamented paraocular ornamentation, the strong bifid mediofrontal process, and the serrated superior frontolateral process.Tachaeakoreaensissp. n.is distinguished from its congeners by having the expanded propodus with serrated inferior margins in pereopods 1–3, the propodus with serrated inferodistal margins in pereopods 4–7, one seta on the apical lobe of the maxilla, and ten robust setae on the posterior margin of the pleotelson.

Cerceis biforamina Javed & Yousuf, 1996 is redescribed and illustrated based on material from the Iranian coasts of the Gulf of Oman. This species is distinguished by the smooth pereonites 1–6, pereonite 7 with a row of tubercles and short setae; pleon dorsal surface with multiple prominent tubercles medially; pleotelson with two prominent semilunar tuberculate ridges and clearly trilobed posterior margin. Cerceis insolita Yousuf, 2011 is transferred to genus Cymodoce and synonymised with Cymodoce manorii (Nooruddin, 1965). An extended diagnosis is provided for the genus Cerceis.

The aims of this work were to re-describe all parasitic stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto, to select and deposit a neotype, and to characterize some of its diagnostic molecular traits. A male of R. sanguineus s.s. collected in Montpellier, France, was designated as neotype. The diagnostic characters unique to the male of R. sanguineus s.s. are: spiracular plate elongated and subtriangular in shape with a dorsal prolongation narrow and usually visible dorsally, with the dorsal prolongation narrower than the width of the adjacent festoon; punctations of the scutum moderate in number and unequal in size; marginal groove conspicuous, deep and punctate; posteromedian groove distinct and elongated, and posterolateral grooves often sub-circular, shorter than posteromedian groove; adanal plates long, wide, and subtriangular in shape, with a clear concavity in its inner margin and posterior margin broadly rounded or truncated; accessory adanal plates with the posterior end pointed, narrower than the width of adjacent festoon. The female of R. sanguineus s.s. can be diagnosed by a combination of broadly U-shaped genital aperture, spiracular plate with a narrow dorsal prolongation visible dorsally, basis capituli hexagonal with broad lateral angles, and scutum barely longer than broad with posterior margin sinuous and punctations moderate in number and unequal in size, larger and more numerous along cervical fields. The nymph has a basis capituli sub-triangular dorsally with lateral angles slightly curved and presence of ventral processes, scutum approximately as long as broad with lateral margins nearly straights, posterior margin broadly rounded, and cervical grooves short and sigmoid in shape extending posteriorly to the level of the eyes. The larva is characterized by basis capituli broader than long with lateral angles short and slightly curved and with posterior margin slightly convex, cervical grooves short, shallow and subparallel, and scutum almost twice broader than long. The phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences support R. sanguineus s.s. as a well-defined taxon when compared with other species of the R. sanguineus group: R. turanicus s.s., R. camicasi, R. guilhoni, R. sulcatus, R. pusillus, R. rossicus and R. leporis. Molecularly R. sanguineus s.s. also encompasses the so-called “temperate lineage” from the New World (Argentina, southern Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, and USA). The evidence currently available supports the presence of R. sanguineus s.s. in Europe (France, Italy, Spain, Switzerland and Portugal) and America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay and U.S.A.), but further studies are needed to determine the exact geographic range of this taxon. Fil: Nava, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Beati, Lorenza. Georgia Southern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Venzal, José M.. Universidad de la República; Uruguay Fil: Labruna, Marcelo B.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Szabó, Matias P.J.. Universidade Federal de Uberlandia; Brasil Fil: Petney, Trevor. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Alemania Fil: Saracho Bottero, María Noelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Tarragona, Evelina Luisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Dantas Torres, Filipe. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil Fil: Santos Silva, Maria Margarida. Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge; Portugal Fil: Mangold, Atilio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Estrada Peña, Agustín. Universidad de Zaragoza; España

Atopophlebia pacis sp. nov. and Atopophlebia caldasi sp. nov. are newly described based on material from Colombia, Putumayo and Caldas, respectively. Both species are known from nymphs and alate stages, male imago for A. pacis, male subimago, female imago and eggs for A. caldasi. This is the first description of eggs of the genus. The following characteristics are useful for distinguishing the males of the new species: A. pacis sp. nov., 1) eyes meeting on meson of head; 2) fore wings hyaline, veins yellow (Fig. 2); 3) fore tibia completely tinged with black; 4) abdominal segments yellowish, terga VIII with conspicuous triangular anterolateral black mark (Fig. 1); 5) apical projection of penis lobe short; A. caldasi sp. nov., 1) eyes meeting on meson of head; 2) fore tibia completely tinged with black; 3) abdominal segments orange, posterior margin of all terga tinged with black, black bands broader on terga V to VIII. Egg of A. caldasi is characterized by presenting a prismatic shape with longitudinal chorionic depressions at the sides and concave polar regions. An updated key for male adults of Atopophlebia is presented.

This genus was first described by Mayr (1865) with the type species Metrocoris brevis Mayr, 1865. Eyes not completely covering lateral margin of pronotum. Metacetabulum narrow, posterior margin simply oblique, not flattered on posterolateral angle. Fore leg with femur having conspicuous processes on inner margin in male. Anterior margin of first abdominal tergite bisinuate. Seventh segment ventrally strongly developed and modified in various shapes apically in female.

Platybaetis bishopi Müller-Liebenau, 1980 was originally described from Malaysia only at the larval stage. We provide the first description of the imaginal stage of P. bishopi based on materials from Thailand. The imago of this species can be separated from the known species by coloration of abdominal terga and coloration of wings. A new species, Platybaetis nayokensis sp. nov., is described based on male and female imagos and larvae from Thailand. The larva of this species is mainly distinguished by medium acute spines on the posterior margin of the abdominal terga and two apical setae on the glossa, which seem to be shorter than in other species. The imago can be separated by the abdominal color pattern. The larva of this genus is adapted to live on wet rocks projecting out of water; it prefers large stones near small waterfalls or areas between two large rocks in running water.

The genus Cryptonympha includes three species: C. copiosa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1998; C. dasilvai Salles & Francischetti, 2004 and C. genevievae Thomas, Manchon & Glémet, 2013, known only from the nymphal stage. A description of the nymph of a fourth representative, Cryptonympha tracheata sp. n. is provided here, based on material collected in a blackwater stream on the slopes of the Cerro Duida mountain in south-western Venezuela. Fil: Derka, Tomáš. Comenius University; Eslovaquia Fil: Nieto Peñalver, María Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentina

Nebalia dolsandoensissp. nov. (Malacostraca: Phyllocarida: Leptostraca), is described from specimens taken from light traps in harbours with organic-rich muddy sand and seaweeds along the south coast of Korea. The new species is characterized based on the following unique combination of characteristics: an antennular flagellum with up to only nine articles in the mature female; the fourth article of the antennule has up to four distal spine-like setae; pleonites 3–7 have rounded denticles along the posterior dorsal margins; the protopod of pleopod 4 has an even posterior margin; the uropods are distinctly short, about 0.6 times as long as pleonite 7 and the anal somite combined; the anal plates have a noticeably broad lateral ‘shoulder’. In addition, a key to the species of the genusNebaliaLeach, 1814 and partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene from the new species are provided.

Stenochironomus falcifer sp. n. is described and figured based on the characters of a male adult. The species was collected in Malaise traps in the Serra Furada State Park (PAESF), in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. It can be separated from all other species of Stenochironomus Kieffer, 1919 by its unique thorax pigmentation, with two dark patches on the lateral vittae, brownish postnotum and dark stripes on the scutum, and also by the combination of a narrow, parallel-sided anal point, inferior volsella with a stout apical seta, rounded posterior margin of the tergite IX and green metallic eyes.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3646E02D-7E3F-487A-BED1-A7937AFF8040

The present study describes a new record of the rare portunid crab Carupella banlaensis from Goa, along the central west coast of India, based on carapace and appendage morphology and provides detailed morphometric measurements of two immature female specimens. Carupella banlaensis differs from its congeners in possessing less prominent median and lateral frontal lobes, the first eight anterolateral teeth alternating large and small and bluntly triangular, the cheliped merus with three large spines on the anterior margin and one distal spine on the posterior margin. Previously known only from the Gulf of Tonkin (China) and Somalia, the present observation of this crab is a new record for the entire South Asian region.

Rhinogobius similis Gill 1859, type species of the genus, is redescribed (with neotype designation) based on seven specimens collected from the putative type locality (Shimoda, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan). The species, previously known as R. giurinus (Rutter 1897) (a junior synonym), can be distinguished from its congeners by having the following combination of characters: I, 8 second dorsal-fin rays; 18–19 pectoral-fin rays; 8–12 predorsal scales; 29–31 longitudinal scales; 11 + 15 = 26 vertebrae; predorsal squamation comprising large ctenoid scales, reaching anteriorly to near posterior margin of eye; 5–6 short transverse rows of sensory papillae ventral to eye; several short transverse rows of sensory papillae between two longitudinal rows of sensory papillae on cheek; a dark brownish gray reticulation or reddish oblique lines on head but not on its ventral surface; a black spot, as large as pupil, dorsoposteriorly on pectoral-fin base; a longitudinal series of alternating large and small black blotches on midlateral body; two to four irregular longitudinal rows of small sky-blue spots on midlateral body when alive.

A new cyclopoid species belonging to the genus Metacyclops Kiefer, 1927 is described, based upon the specimens from a temporary pool in a forest of Mt. Phnom Domnak Dambouk, situated in the southwestern part of Cambodia. Metacyclops woni sp. nov. is characterized by its quite short caudal rami, about 2.5 times longer than wide, with a spinule row on anterior quarter of lateral margin. This new species belongs to the species group with the spine formula 3,4,4,3 of swimming legs 1-4. Among the members of the species group with the combination of characters of 11-segmented antennule and a single apical spine on the second endopodal segment of leg 4, it most resembles M. deserticus Mercado-Salas and Suarez-Morales, 2013 from Mexico in carrying an outermost caudal seta slightly longer than the innermost caudal seta and an apical spine on the second endopodal segment of leg 4 slightly shorter than the segment. However, it differs clearly from the present new species by much longer caudal rami with lateral caudal seta at nearly halfway of lateral margin of the ramus and smooth posterior margin of intercoxal sclerites of legs 1-4. This is the first record of the genus Metacyclops from Cambodia and the fourth one from Southeast Asia.

We report a normal radiographic finding that may be mistaken for child abuse trauma in the posterior thoracolumbar spinous processes of young infants after the first week of life. A lucency paralleling the posterior margin of the ossified spinous process is equivalent to the metaphyseal lucent bands seen normally after about a week of the child's age at the ends of long tubular bones. A similar lucency is seen just under the growth plate of vertebral bodies at that early age, giving the bone-in-bone appearance. Our index case was imaged at 3 weeks and then at 5 weeks of age, with no evidence of periosteal reaction or endosteal callus on that follow-up study, confirming the lack of fractures. Language: en

A new owstoniine bandfish, Owstonia kamoharai, is described based on six specimens (147–402 mm in standard length) collected from off southern Japan: Shikoku Island, Kii Peninsula, and Suruga Bay. The new species differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays III, 21; anal-fin rays I, 14; pectoral-fin rays 21–23; total caudal-fin rays 17 (branched 13); vertebrae 28–29; gill rakers on first arch 39–40; cheek with 88–123 scales in 8–10 rows; lateral line without branch, not forming loop in front of dorsal fin, ending below 8th–10th dorsal-fin soft rays; scales in longitudinal rows 53–56; lower margin of preopercle smooth; pelvic fin short, not reaching to anus; posterior margin of caudal fin rounded; uniformly reddish coloration with black markings on membranes of both jaws; and white margins of vertical fins.

The present case shows a case of fracture-redislocation of the hip caused by a depressed fracture of the femoral head similar to a Hill-Sachs lesion. A 59-year-old man fell from a roof and his left hip joint was dislocated posteriorly. He was admitted to a nearby hospital, and he was referred to our hospital more than 24 hours after injury. Computed tomography (CT) suggested a bone chip from the posterior wall of the acetabulum roof and a depressed femoral head that cut into the posterior margin of the acetabulum roof. Immediate manual repositioning was performed under general anesthesia on the same day. He left our hospital to go home on day 26 after repositioning, but his left hip joint was dislocated again when he went down the stairs. It was thought that this patient’s redislocation occurred due to a femoral head depressed fracture involving the same mechanism as the Hill-Sachs injury seen with dislocation of the shoulder. The remplissage method for the Hill-Sachs injury is difficult for the femoral head. Therefore, total hip replacement was performed, and the patient’s postoperative course was good. We conclude that total hip arthroplasty should be considered as one of the best treatment methods for such cases.

The repetition of the abduction-external rotation movement of the arm during the overhead action carries an increased risk of overloading various structures around the shoulder. Pathologic contact between the posterior margin of the glenoid and the articular surface of posterosuperior rotator cuff tendons is known as posterior internal impingement. The chronic repeated compression or impingement leads to articular tears of the rotator cuff tendons as well as lesion of the superior labrum. Every overhead athlete requires a training program that strengthens all elements of the kinetic chain of the throwing motion. Patients with mild symptoms and early phases of the disorder need active rest, including a complete break from throwing along with physical therapy. Conservative management of SLAP lesions is often the first line of treatment. However, frequently, rehabilitation is unsuccessful; therefore, surgical intervention is often warranted to repair the labral lesion while addressing any concomitant pathology.

First identified and named in 1973, carotid webs are nonatherosclerotic fibrous bands that arise along the posterior margin of the carotid bulb.[1][1],[2][2] Histopathologically, these entities are characterized by fibroelastic thickening of the arterial intima. They appear on imaging modalities as

A tri-spine horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus (Leach, 1819) was collected from a sandy beach of Udo Island of Jeju during the full moon tides in November 1997. Three spines on the posterior margin of the opisthosoma were characterized indicating that the specimen was T. tridentatus. This specimen was a female with the total length of 49.5 cm and prosoma width of 23.0 cm. Tachypleus tridentatus was the first record from Korean waters. A brief description and figures of the species were given. This finding indicates that Korea is included to the distribution range of the species.

A new species of Baetidae, Gratia baibungensis sp. n., is described and illustrated based on nymphal stage collected from the southeastern Tibet (Xizang) and the genus is reported for the first time from China. This new species can be readily differentiated from its congeners by the absence of a protuberance on the posterior margin of the abdominal tergum X, glabrate simple submarginal setae on the labrum, and the posterior margin of sterna VI–IX having much longer spatulate setae.