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In this article, I offer reflections on a research project with former combatants who fathered children as the result of conflict-related sexual violence in northern Uganda. The research sought to understand how becoming a father shaped their decision making as soldiers, and reintegration experiences following demobilisation. What roles, if any, do they play in their children's lives post-conflict, and what futures do they envision for them? I consider the ethical and methodological challenges of the research project through the concept of the unspeakable, what Judith Herman refers to as 'traumatic events that take place outside socially validated reality.' How does one come to know beyond what one can imagine, or that which is socially unrecognisable, such as the love of fathers associated with the perpetration of violent atrocities? I foreground a relational approach to the research encounter, one that fostered intimate, steadfast, and mutually giving relationships between the research team and participants, and opening pathways to explore intimacy between a father and child. I then reflect on what this methodology offers in terms of thinking beyond Western-centric conceptualizations of peacebuilding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For several decades, many efforts have been dedicated to enhancing the accuracy of mortar radiocarbon dating and evaluating the reliability of the results concerning the typology of the examined specimens. Several assumptions that are fundamental for the application of the method may be in many cases not fulfilled, such as (a) complete primary limestone dissociation during calcination, (b) efficient separation of geogenic carbon contained in calcareous aggregates, (c) short carbonation time, and (d) absence of secondary calcite. Many laboratories all over the world have proposed different methods to select suitable fractions of mortar. The first intercomparison attempt, involving eight international laboratories, was organized in 2016 aiming at comparing and statistically treating the results obtained on the same materials by different laboratories with their own characterization and pre-treatment methods (Hajdas et al. 2017; Hayen et al. 2017). Following this first step, a new intercomparison experiment was proposed and set up in 2018 during the Mortar Dating International Meeting (Bordeaux, FR). A new set of three mortar samples was chosen, taking care of the selection of standardized materials (homogeneity, known mineralogical composition, absence of exogenous inclusions, known expected age). This work describes the results of two research teams involved in the intercomparison. The samples were characterized, selected, and dated depending on each laboratory strategy. The results stress the importance of the characterization of the raw material is to better understand the mineralogical and petrographical composition of the samples. Such information can support the choice of the most appropriate strategy for the extraction of CO2 and then for data interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We focus on the construct of team resiliency in analyzing data from NBA games hitting a 20-point deficit in the first half during the 1997/8 to 2021/2 seasons to determine the frequency of comebacks and the ability to mount a game winning resurgence temporally. First, we found that 20-point deficits and comebacks were more likely in recent seasons. Yet overcoming the odds and mounting a successful comeback were still achieved in only 7% of the 3,942 qualified games. Moreover, games, that reached the 20-point deficit much earlier, were more likely to be overturned (i.e., comebacks) as they seemed not to reflect true differences in abilities between the teams in contention but a random tilt towards one team and then a correcting shift towards its opponent (i.e., regression to the mean). Also, games that hit the 20-point mark and were then tied did not show a winning momentum towards the resurging team. These trends should put emphasis on team resilience strategies at the participatory level of players and coaches through practice simulations and communication as well as through empirical research to identify specific team correlates with these extreme point shifts. Lay Summary: We studied NBA games hitting a 20-point deficit during the first half for the 1997/8-2021/2 seasons. Deficits and comebacks were more common in recent seasons. Games reaching the deficit faster were more likely to end in a comeback. Deficits games that tied did not show momentum towards the resurging team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights the importance of documenting casualties of armed conflicts. It looks at the Oxford Research Group's list of legal obligations of states to document casualties. This list has been compiled from multiple different laws that are currently in place for conflicts but are often ignored or forgotten due to other pressing matters. It will also look at how mass deaths have been recorded strategically by states, by comparing the record keeping from the COVID-19 pandemic to record keeping in armed conflicts. It examines the work of NGOs, such as Iraq Body Count, and addresses the issue of accountability. Finally, it uses the Bouderbala Commission as a positive example of a government working together with its citizens to help create documentation of a conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Control Theory & Applications / Kongzhi Lilun Yu Yinyong is the property of Editorial Department of Control Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the importance of improving the participant experience in clinical trials to enhance recruitment and retention rates. It highlights the need for human-centered design approaches, such as service blueprints, to create user-friendly processes for participants. The text emphasizes the impact of lousy experiences on participants' willingness to continue in studies and suggests that addressing experiential dimensions in study design could lead to better outcomes. The authors advocate for integrating usability into clinical trials and engaging stakeholders to enhance the overall participant experience. [Extracted from the article]

For push–pull locomotion, it has been confirmed by this research group that the support force of the wheels is enhanced by performing the sinking operation to provide support force. However, the sinking operation is an additional operation used for the rover to travel. Ideally, if the rover can operate without sinking, travel efficiency is improved. On the other hand, flexible wheels are often used for the rover. Due to stress dispersion, these wheels are less likely to damage the ground. Therefore, it would be beneficial if the use of these wheels could improve the travel ability of the push–pull motion. In this study, we focused on whether the use of flexible wheels can avoid subsidence and tested their performance through different parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The field of digital hydraulics is in full expansion and a lot of research teams contribute to its development, in order to be competitive with classic hydraulic systems, and reduce the energy loses from the hydraulic systems. This article presents the experimental results for a Digital Hydraulic Pumping System (DHPS), with 4 pumps with fix displacement connected in parallel and the capacities of each pump is in the binary progression. The experimental results show that such a system can achieve 15 discrete values of flow, without hydraulic fluid throttling to achieve flowrates regulation. The system is tested using an application that can do an automatic test of the system using a excel file defined by the operator, and the results are showed live on the app screen as numeric values or as a chart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To maintain the stability of soft rock tunnels, the research team proposed a support scheme involving "floor grouting + floor anchors + sealing material". This scheme incorporates a new sealing material with excellent mechanical properties, airtightness, and cost-effectiveness. To develop the sealing material, a series of proportioning tests and optimization designs were conducted to investigate how various experimental factors influence material performance. Based on these experiments, a regression prediction model was established to reveal the characteristics of factor interactions and determine the optimal mix ratio. Practical engineering validation confirmed that this support scheme effectively controls floor heave in soft rock tunnels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Food environments are rapidly changing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), leading to dietary shifts. Many gaps exist in the measurement of food environments in LMICs making it difficult to characterize the linkages between food environments and diets. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of implementing USAID Advancing Nutrition's Market Food Environment Assessment (MFEA)—a suite of 7 non-resource intensive food environment assessments. Methods: We implemented the MFEA package in 4 countries (Liberia, Honduras, Nigeria, and Timor-Leste) and assessed the feasibility of implementing the package by conducting a descriptive analysis, using both qualitative and quantitative data of enumerators' feedback collected through training evaluations, feedback forms, detailed notes from meetings, and final reports from in-country partners. Results: Overall, we found it feasible to implement the MFEA, some assessments being easier to implement and more practical than others. Several key themes related to the MFEA implementation were identified across the countries, including: the potential for vendors to be hesitant to engage in assessments; the importance of ascertaining buy-in from local officials; the need to shift toward electronic, rather than paper-based, data collection; difficulties in selecting markets; the time constraints of conducting some of the assessments; and the need for better alignment between the instructions, data collection, and data analysis sheets. Conclusions: The package of food environment assessments, with minimal additional refinement, can be used to characterize market food environments in LMIC settings to inform context-specific interventions. Plain language title : Testing the feasibility of implementing a package of 7 assessments to measure factors influencing food access in low-resource settings Plain language summary: Why was the study done? We know that there is a relationship between the availability, affordability, and acceptability of the foods that populations have access to and their diets. In resource-poor settings, the foods that people have access to are rapidly changing, leading to shifts in diet and nutrition outcomes. To better understand the connection between the environments from which people access food and their diets, we need to be able to measure factors influencing food access in diverse settings. However, the ways we can measure factors influencing food access in low-income settings are often unclear. We completed this study to test the feasibility of implementing a package of 7 assessments that measured market access, food availability, food affordability, promotion of food, the desirability of fruits and vegetables, among others in 4 countries (Liberia, Honduras, Nigeria, and Timor-Leste) to understand if this package of assessments could be used by practitioners to inform their in-country activities related to improving food access and diets. What did the researchers do? We implemented the 7 assessments in different market settings in 4 countries. We then asked the in-country research team implementing the assessments to evaluate what worked, what didn't work, and what needed more clarity in terms of the implementation of the assessments. What did researchers find? We found that overall, the assessments were feasible to implement across the different settings but that some assessments were more labor intensive than others. The research teams implementing the assessments identified aspects of the assessments that were difficult to implement as well as those that were straightforward. What do the findings mean? The findings have provided insight into the feasibility of implementing the 7 assessments and indicated further changes that were needed to refine the assessments to make it easy for practitioners to use them to inform their own work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To verify the feasibility of the variable wing actuator for a virtual mooring buoy, this paper investigates the self-propelled dive motion of a virtual mooring buoy under hydrostatic variable density conditions using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The virtual mooring buoy developed by our research group is used in this study, and the numerical simulation is performed using the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equation and the SST K-Omega turbulence model to capture the turbulent flow. Grid convergence studies were conducted at three grid resolutions to ensure the accuracy of the numerical simulations. The effects of different wing angles on the self-propelled dive motion of the buoy are focused on and analyzed. The results show that the maximum velocity of the buoy in the horizontal direction can reach 0.31 m/s, with a wing angle of −8°, which is about 35% higher than that of 0°, effectively enhancing the buoy's anti-disturbance capability against the horizontal currents. In addition, this study further analyzes the self-propelled dive motion of the buoy with variable wing angles. The results show that the velocity and attitude of the buoy at any moment are basically the same as those under the corresponding fixed wing angle. This shows that it is possible to change the motion of the buoy by varying the wing angle, verifying the feasibility of the variable wing actuator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The smart city concept has garnered a lot of interest; however, it often falls short when it comes to providing clarity on the benefits it can offer. Discussing smartness in the context of cities and their inhabitants requires the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders in decision-making. Similarly, the decision-making process is often unclear and can lack integrity. For this reason, in this research, we clarify this process and establish a smart agenda for urban areas. Specifically, this study focusses on the existing research in truly smart cities (where liveability is at the heart of decision-making). The research team implemented the assessment model (SMART) during a facilitated workshop under COVID-19 restrictions. Taking societal, environmental, health, economic, and governance liveability perspectives into account, the results yielded a set of recommendations for designing the smart urban agenda, which can support cities that aspire to become smart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anlässlich einer Ausstellungsübernahme wurde von der Provenienzforschung der Bayerischen Staatsgemäldesammlungen in München erstmals die Provenienz von Fotografien von Aenne Biermann (1898–1933) überprüft. In einem intensiven fachlichen Austausch zwischen der kunsthistorischen Forschung zur Fotografin einerseits und der Provenienzforschung zu den Themen Fluchtgut in Italien, Beschlagnahme von Liftvans in Auswandererhäfen und den sogenannten Operationszonen Adriatisches Küstenland und Alpenvorland andererseits gelang es, den Weg der Objekte zu rekonstruieren. Gleichzeitig konnten die Biografie der Künstlerin und die ihrer vom Nationalsozialismus verfolgten Familie um viele Details ergänzt werden. The provenance research team at the Bavarian State Painting Collections in Munich first looked into the provenance of the photographs of Aenne Biermann (1898–1933) on taking over an exhibition of her work. Through an intensive dialogue between art historical research on the photographer on the one hand and the provenance research investigating fugitive property in Italy, the confiscation of liftvans in emigration ports and the so-called operation zones of the Adriatic coast and in the Alpine foothills on the other hand, the team was able to reconstruct the path taken by the objects. Its work also added some pertinent details to the artist's own life story and that of her family, who were persecuted by the Nazis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Signos is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The members of the Eventstructure Research Group (ERG) pioneered inflatable art and design in the late 1960s. Attracted to the qualities of plastic, the group discovered that it could be glued or welded, filled with air, and used in sculptural and architectural ways. With their soft and light air-filled plastic structures, ERG rejected the 'hard' and heavy materials traditionally associated with sculpture and architecture. Significantly, their plastic structures were meant to be touched, moved and interacted with by their audiences. In this way, they pushed – or softened – the boundaries of art and design. This article examines the role and force of plastic in the context of the inflatable and participatory projects of ERG in the 1960s and 1970s. With the help of the concept of 'vibrant matter' as developed by Jane Bennett, I explore what plastic enables or disables in relation to artistic practice and its reception in the work of ERG – for both artists and audience members. Specifically, I discuss the social and political effects of the use of this material in order to examine the 'politics of plastic' in their artistic production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the amendment to the German Climate Change Act in 2021, the Federal Government of Germany has set the target to become greenhouse gas neutral by 2045. Reaching this ambitious target requires multisectoral efforts, which in turn calls for interdisciplinary collaboration: the Net-Zero-2050 project of the Helmholtz Climate Initiative serves as an example of successful, interdisciplinary collaboration with the aim of producing valuable recommendations for action to achieve net-zero CO2 emissions in Germany. To this end, we applied an interdisciplinary approach to combining comprehensive research results from ten German national research centers in the context of carbon neutrality in Germany. In this paper, we present our approach and the method behind the interdisciplinary storylines development, which enabled us to create a common framework between different carbon dioxide removal and avoidance methods and the bigger carbon neutrality context. Thus, the research findings are aggregated into narratives: the two complementary storylines focus on technologies for net-zero CO2 emissions and on different framing conditions for implementing net-zero CO2 measures. Moreover, we outline the Net-Zero-2050 results emerging from the two storylines by presenting the resulting narratives in the context of carbon neutrality in Germany. Aiming at creating insights into how complementary and related expertise can be combined in teams across disciplines, we conclude with the project's lessons learned. This paper sheds light on how to facilitate cooperation between different science disciplines with the purpose of preparing joint research results that can be communicated to a specific audience. Additionally, it provides further evidence that interdisciplinary and diverse research teams are an essential factor for defining solution spaces for complex, interdisciplinary problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitively diverse teams outperform high intelligence (IQ) teams in problem solving, while businesses with at least one woman in their board of directors financially outperform ones with all men boards. These well‐known facts are lost in most academic science enterprises. Herein, we make the case for looking at sources, approaches, and opportunities in expanding cognitive diversity of research teams for high productivity and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research paper mills are covert organizations that provide low-quality or fabricated manuscripts to paying clients. As members of the United2Act Research Working Group, we propose 5 key research questions on paper mills that require resourcing and support. Research paper mills are covert organizations that provide low quality or fabricated manuscripts to paying clients. This Perspective, written by members of the United2Act Research Working Group, proposes five key research questions on paper mills that require resourcing and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural product total synthesis has trailblazed in the era of multistep synthesis. The strategic application of existing synthetic methodologies and the stepwise construction that revolves around newly developed, tailored key steps, are two basic tactics in the principle of classic retrosynthetic analysis. However, a new synthetic model, termed self-organized total synthesis, has emerged in recent years, enabling the rapid creation of specific natural products by a one-pot reaction. Distinct from conventional analysis associated with certain bond disconnections, the design of self-organized total synthesis focuses on seeking a series of self-organized reaction sequences which can be integrated compatibly under a uniform condition, therefore allowing the entire sequence to proceed in one pot, and most importantly, starting from commercially available feedstocks or biomass materials. Whilst dauntingly challenging, this synthetic strategy is more consistent with the biogenetic pathway of natural products compared with conventional counterparts, and will hopefully provide the shortest synthesis for such natural products. Through this rational analysis, one-pot total synthesis is no longer in the way of serendipity but can be precisely designed and manipulated. In this review, we account for the definition, delimitation, and categorization of self-organized total synthesis and then elucidate a comprehensive understanding of this synthetic strategy based on our intensive explorations. We also highlight the contributions of other research groups in this growing field and anticipate that it will give rise to advancing new methodologies, as well as new concepts within organic synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As digital technologies increasingly impact humanity, human–computer interaction (HCI) researchers and designers must find ways to create digital experiences that help us feel whole, affirm our lives, and encourage us to care for each other and our planet. The theory of living structure developed by Christopher Alexander is highly relevant to this end. Living structures are those that stir up feelings of wholeness, inspiration and comfort. Alexander's theory, which he refined empirically with a research team over six decades, demonstrates how to identify, evaluate and generate living structure. This article illustrates how Alexander's theory of living structure can be applied to digital design. The theory supports and furthers several threads of concern in HCI, including calm technology, value sensitive design, aesthetic interaction, and humanity-centered design. While Alexander is best known for originating the concept of design patterns, his theory of living structure may prove to be a much stronger compass for designing a favorable digital future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the research on ways and means of increasing self-financing operations for sports clubs in the Kingdom of Bahrain, through the results of the research groups’ opinions on the statements mentioned in the topics, indicated that opinions agreed on a rate of 73.17% of all these statements, compared to a discrepancy between the opinions of some research groups at a rate of 26.83% and others. The research sample was divided into 4 groups that differ in terms of goals and orientations. These results are largely consistent in comparison to the total number of sample members, which reached 158 individuals, which is considered relatively large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The impetus for policies promoting medical data sharing in China has gained significant traction. Nonetheless, the present legal and ethical framework governing the research use of medical data in China, is characterized by a more restrictive rather than permissive approach. The proportion of Chinese medical data being leveraged for scientific research still has room for improvement at present, indicating a significant untapped potential for advancing medical knowledge and improving healthcare outcomes. Building upon this research, we aim to delve deeper into the challenges researchers encounter in the sharing of medical data through focus group interviews. Methods: We conducted two focus group interviews study with researchers representing diverse disciplines to explore their perspectives on 21 June 2021 and 28 July 2021. A total of seventeen researchers willingly participated in this study, representing various professional backgrounds. Similar codes were merged. Research team discussions were also utilized to select interviewees' statements that were regarded as typical or representative. Results: The respondents demonstrated a strong understanding that medical data should not be disseminated arbitrarily, recognizing the importance of sharing data in compliance with laws. Through the interview, we found that although respondents stressed the importance of careful consideration regarding if and when this information can be responsibly released, none of the respondents raised the issue of necessitating consent from data subjects for the research use of medical data. This observation sharply contrasts with the stringent separate consent provisions for secondary data use outlined in the PIPL. Conclusions: The findings from the focus group studies shed light on researchers' barriers and ethical challenges towards medical data sharing for scientific research, highlighting their deep concern for data security and cautious approach to sharing. The key objectives aimed at facilitating and enabling the reuse of medical data encompass enhancing interoperability, harmonizing data standards, improving data quality, safeguarding privacy, ensuring informed consent, incentivizing patients, and establishing explicit regulations pertaining to data access and utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the acute effect of exposure to a potentiation warm-up protocol compared to a usual warm-up program. Design: Randomized parallel control trial. Setting: Synthetic grass in the club's facilities (Portugal). Participants: Seventeen female football players (age: 23.9 ± 3.9 years), were randomly allocated to a control (n = 8) and an experimental group (n = 9). To allocate the players, a table was computer-generated by a research team member with no involvement in the trial. Intervention: The control group performed their usual warm-up program, while the experimental group performed a potentiation warm-up protocol with jumps combined with sprints with change of direction. Main outcomes measures: The players were tested pre- and post-intervention for a 40-m linear sprint and pre-planned change of direction using the T-test. Statistical analysis: An intention-to-treat analysis was performed, with all the participants originally randomized being involved. The normal distribution was verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The assumption of sphericity was analyzed. Effect sizes were calculated using partial eta squared. Results: No significant pre-post differences in the T-test and in the 40-m sprint were detected for any group. However, in the T-test, large effect sizes in time increments were observed within the experimental (0.27 s; p > 0.05, ηp2 = 0.176) and control groups (0.06 s; p > 0.05, ηp2 = 0.176). Also, in the 40-m sprint, large effect sizes in time increments were observed within the experimental (0.05 s; p > 0.05, ηp2 = 0.251) and control groups (0.09 s; p > 0.05, ηp2 = 0.251). Conclusions: The performance-enhancing ability of the potentiation method performed at warm-up was not verified when applied to female football players. Thus, the potentiation methods may not improve sprint and COD ability for this population. However, the lack of statistical significance may have been due to reduced statistical power, as three of four effects suggest acute performance impairment after a supposed potentiation-oriented warm-up. Nevertheless, the presence of a statistical type 2 error cannot be ruled out. Registration number (retrospectively registered): NCT06555185; Project URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06555185. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Certain groups are commonly under-served by health research due to exclusionary models of research design/delivery. Working in partnership with under-served groups is key to improving inclusion. This project aimed to explore the use of a knowledge mobilisation approach to start building partnerships with under-served groups based on trust and mutual understanding. Methods: This co-produced public involvement project employed a knowledge mobilisation approach. The project team involved public contributors from four community organisations and staff from two Universities. A series of 'community conversations' were co-produced. These involved open discussions with local people in community settings. The conversations provide an informal space to engage in a multi-directional dialogue about health research and incorporated approaches such as prompt questions, live illustrations, and themed boards. The findings were reviewed collectively. Dissemination/feedback activities and lessons learned for future engagement with community organisations and under-served groups were also co-produced. Results: Over 100 people attended the community conversations. Attendees varied widely in their sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., socioeconomic status and ethnicity) and brought diverse lived experiences (e.g., experiences of homelessness and disability). A strong appetite for change and desire to mobilise public knowledge were evident. Attendees reported wide-ranging barriers to inclusion in health research and suggested ways to address them. Three inter-related take-home messages were identified: ensure relevance, appreciation, and trust; prioritise language and accessibility needs; and maximise flexibility in all research-related activities. Feedback about the community conversations and dissemination activities was largely positive, with all parties planning to continue the partnership building. The lessons learned provide practical suggestions for promoting inclusion in research and highlight the importance of addressing research teams' training/support needs. Conclusions: Knowledge mobilisation was a valuable approach for facilitating multi-directional dialogues and relationship building between local communities and university teams. This approach enabled co-creation of new knowledge related to inclusion and partnership working in health research. The project has provided a firm foundation to build upon. However, creating sustainable, inclusive public partnerships is likely to require systemic changes, such as weighting of fundings schemes to projects that prioritise inclusion of under-served groups throughout the research cycle. Plain English summary: Some groups of people often face barriers to being involved in health research. Researchers need to get better at working with these under-served groups so that the groups' voices contribute to research, and the groups benefit from research. This project aimed to explore the use of a knowledge mobilisation approach to start building partnerships with under-served groups based on trust and mutual understanding. Knowledge mobilisation involves research teams and people beyond academia sharing what they know with each other. This helps to create new knowledge with practical benefits in the real world. The project team involved people from four community organisations and two universities. Informal conversations with over 100 local people were held in community settings. Prompt questions and other activities were used to encourage people to share their views of health research. The conversations suggested research teams need to: Work with local communities to design research that is relevant to them, show their input is valued, and build trust. Meet people's language and disability-related needs. Make all research activities as flexible as possible. This project's lessons learned provide practical examples of how to make research more inclusive and highlight the importance of addressing research teams' training/support needs. Overall, knowledge mobilisation was a helpful approach for building relationships with under-served groups and working together to create new knowledge. All the groups involved plan to carry on working together. Keeping the partnerships going long term may need wider changes, for example in how research is funded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) was not invented as a research method but is increasingly attracting researchers’ attention as a unique approach to describing and understanding the situations faced by underprivileged groups. Despite these positive features and this increasing attention, there are some aspects which should be carefully described and negotiated if we are to also use the TO for research purposes. Firstly, we delineate TO vis-à-vis participatory action research (PAR) and critical ethnography and describe our experience of using TO both at the university level and in researching marginalised groups. Subsequently, we outline the strategies for choosing non-actors to participate which affect the researcher’s control over the agenda and the data discovered. We also discuss how research questions are developed in TO by the researcher and the participants. We then distinguish three approaches to inviting audiences. The arguments are based on 10 years of experience using the TO for intervention and research, contributing to reflection on the TO as a comprehensive method of empowerment and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HPSB (Hydrolysis Product of Sodium Borohydride) hydrogen storage material is a kind of porous lamellar structural material developed by our research group. Due to the special structure of this material, it can absorb hydrogen at room temperature, hydrogen absorption pressure is 2–4 MPa, and hydrogen absorption time is 2–5 min. The main preparation method used in the experiment is hydrolysis. The main raw material is sodium borohydride, and the reaction temperature is 30 °C. In this experiment, in order to improve the hydrogen storage performance of HPSB hydrogen storage material, Co–B and Sm 2 O 3 were introduced as catalysts during the preparation of HPSB. The results show that the amount of Sm 2 O 3 and the ratio of Sm 2 O 3 to Co–B have obvious influence on the hydrogen storage performance of HPSB. In addition, according to the results of SEM analysis, the amount of Sm 2 O 3 and the ratio of Sm 2 O 3 to Co–B also have obvious effects on the microstructure of HPSB hydrogen storage materials. The sample with a doping amount of 4 wt% and a ratio of Sm 2 O 3 to Co–B of 4:6 can release 2.17 wt% H 2. • The catalyst Co–B/Sm 2 O 3 can improve the hydrogen storage performance of HPSB. • Co–B/Sm 2 O 3 doping 4 wt% and ratio 4:6 shows the best dehydrogenation performance. • The maximum total dehydrogenation amount of the Co–B/Sm 2 O 3 doped sample is 2.17 wt%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing creativity skills and dispositions is one of the many student capabilities academics in higher education are required to promote. Although there are several issues that can hamper academics' engagement with creativity including demands of performance indicators and limited freedom to experiment with teaching. In this article, we consider the findings from a research project with a group of tertiary academics who explored the complexities and opportunities related to teaching for creativity, creative learning, and teaching creatively. From the academics' dynamic interaction with and between creativity and their traditional and academic cultures, we were able to extend on an existing framework to give a more nuanced understanding about how creativity can be incorporated into teaching in higher education. We present a mandala of creative pedagogies as an analysis framework and a teaching tool that can accelerate a range of skills acquisition for graduates, including connecting with global and local knowledges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societal Impact Statement: Protecting diversity is critical to maintaining functional and adaptive ecosystems. However, research groups that explore these relationships tend to lack diversity themselves. To address the challenges of our changing world, it is crucial to consider a wide range of perspectives and knowledge. We propose that just as greater diversity in ecosystems relates to a variety of functions and, consequently, enhances resilience, stability, and efficiency, a comparable diversity within research teams results in a broader spectrum of creative endeavors. Thus, it is important to re‐evaluate our scientific communities' openness toward greater diversity to meet the diverse problems of our changing world. Summary: Ecosystems face multiple threats, jeopardizing natural and human well‐being. Biodiversity loss can increase ecosystem vulnerability to global change, risking abrupt and irreversible changes. Protecting biodiversity can prevent ecosystems from crossing tipping points, preserving their functions and resilience, which sustain life on our planet. In addressing these challenges, society demands creativity, innovation, and diverse perspectives. Yet, our societal structures often neglect the full range of voices and experiences, limiting problem‐solving. Understanding how research teams with diverse demographics may stimulate creative solutions to global change challenges may help. In this context, we emphasize examples from plant ecology, where the advantages of diverse ecosystems are well recognized, and we draw an analogy of these features to the innovation of research teams. In ecosystems, biodiversity can maximize productivity and function but can also serve as a protective "insurance" against disruptions. Similarly, in a time of multifaceted environmental changes, diverse research groups play a critical and analogous role, resembling the biodiversity within ecosystems. Diverse research teams not only bring complementary strengths, fostering creative problem‐solving by embracing various perspectives, but also drive scientific innovation by integrating a wide range of research topics (e.g., ecosystems, taxa, and conservation priorities). These human‐centered dynamics are congruent with the mechanisms in ecosystems, with a diversity of solutions promoting resilience, stability, and efficiency, all of which ultimately provide a counterbalancing effect on global change. Much like biodiverse ecosystems, a diverse spectrum of knowledge, and expertise within the scientific community can enrich a dynamic landscape of innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue presents accounts of different aspects of the CommuniVax Coalition and its work—a project that conducted rapid, multisited, applied anthropological research to deliver guidance during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Our purpose in writing these articles is to provide details of our work so anthropologists interested in similar types of research can learn from our efforts. While anthropological research has been, and largely still is, an endeavor of individuals at a relatively slow pace, the future of the discipline, and especially of anthropologists working outside traditional academia, is team‐based, rapid research. As such, anthropologists need to know how to conduct research at speed, participate as members of research teams and, more importantly, how to organize and lead teams to conduct timely, collaborative, focused, and practical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Menopause is the condition of the ovaries stops produce estrogen so that resulting in vaginal bleeding atrophy that is become dry cause pain moment relate sexual so that lower quality life. The ROS pathway with MAPK regulates proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival cell life. Research purposes is know influence giving extract Phyllanthus niruri l against Malondialdehyde (MDA) expression and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Protein Kinase-1 (ERK-1) expression against thickness cell vaginal epithelium of menopausal model mice. Material from Phillantus niruri l processed become extract. Treatment animal try mice (mus muscullus) first acclimatized during one next week done ovariectomy of both ovaries, after two weeks checked vaginal examination to be sure phase diestrus (menopause). Stage treatment given extract for 21 days with dose different 14 mg, 28 mg and 56 mg/20gBW/day. Methods: True Experimental research method with Post Test only with control group design. Data analysis used one way ANOVA. Results: The research group that produced the highest average expression of Malondialdehyde (MDA) was the control group. The highest expression of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Protein Kinase-1 (ERK-1) was in the P3 treatment group (dose 56 mg/20gBW/day). The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant effect of Phyllanthus niruri l extract on decreasing MDA expression with a sig value of 0.000 < p = 21 0.001 and increasing ERK-1 with a sig value of 0.000 < 0.001, but there was no effect on increasing the thickness of the vaginal wall epithelial cells in menopausal model mice. with a sig value of 0.220 > 0.05. Conclusion: The three doses of phillantus niruri decreased MDA and increased ERK-1. The Folin-Ciocalteau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project sought to understand the present-day experiences of individuals housed in prisons by utilizing Participatory Action Research (PAR) methods that partnered a university research team with individuals incarcerated in an urban correctional facility. The team assessed perceptions of the current environment by surveying people incarcerated in an urban prison. This article discusses the role of PAR methodologies from project initiation to finalization, explicitly focusing on coordination with prison and Department of Correction (DOC) administrative leadership and the value of including incarcerated individuals on the research team for successful change. Throughout the process, the team identified areas for improvement and innovations to improve the prison environment. This article provides a road map, lessons learned from conducting PAR in prison environments, and the power of partnering researchers and members of the researched population on one collaborative research team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The process of knowledge creation is recognized as an essential process for organizational learning and innovation. Creating knowledge to solve the problems and complexities of today's world is like opening a black box. Hence, the higher education system and universities are exploring ways to overcome the complexities and cope with global changes. In this regard, interdisciplinary collaborations and activities are crucial in creating knowledge and innovation to counter these changes. This study aimed to know the experiences of Shiraz university interdisciplinary researchers in the field of humanities and also design and explain the conceptual model of knowledge creation in interdisciplinary research teams in the field of humanities. Design/methodology/approach: In this qualitative research, grounded theory was implemented based on Strauss and Corbin's systematic approach. The sampling method was purposeful, and the participants included sixteen faculty members of shiraz university who had at least one experience of performing an interdisciplinary activity in one of the humanities fields. The first participant was selected as a pilot, and the rest were selected by snowball sampling. Semi-structured interviews were also used to collect data and continued until theoretical saturation was attained. After collecting the available information and interviewing the people, the data were organized and analyzed in three stages, open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, using the proposed framework of Strauss and Corbin. Finally, the researcher reached a final and meaningful categorization. Findings: In this research, the results were presented as a paradigm model of knowledge creation in the interdisciplinary research teams in the field of humanities. The paradigm model of the study consists of causal factors (internal and external factors), main categories (specialized competencies, scientific discourse, understanding of knowledge domains), strategies (structuring and synchronizing), context (individual and organizational), interfering factors (leadership, industry, and society), and consequences (individual and group achievement). Originality/value: The present study aimed to explore the experiences of researchers in the interdisciplinary humanities research teams on knowledge creation in qualitative research. The study used Strauss and Corbin's systematic approach to recognize the causal factors of knowledge creation and the contexts. Discovering the main category of knowledge creation in interdisciplinary research teams, the authors analyze the strategies and consequences of knowledge creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses questions related to the methodology of field research in a context of uncertainty. The observations and conclusions presented here are drawn from an atypical interaction the researchers had with their informants in the context of the war in Ukraine. More specifically, this is a brief presentation and analysis of a field experiment conducted as part of a research project on Romanian food heritage. This subject, important for current Romanian ethnology, has given rise to numerous interventions by the research team at scientific events over the past two years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind over the ocean creates breaking waves that generate air-filled bubbles, which radiate underwater sound. This wind-generated sound is a significant component of the ocean soundscape, and models are essential for understanding and predicting its impact. Models for predicting sound pressure level (SPL) from wind have been studied for many years. However, the terminology and definitions behind modeling approaches have not been unified, and ambiguity has led to differences in predicted SPL. The 2022 Ambient Sound Modeling Workshop was organized to compare ambient sound modeling approaches from different researchers. The main goal of the workshop was to quantify differences in predicted SPL and related quantities for different approaches and, to the extent possible, determine the cause of the differences for a specific, well-defined scenario. Results revealed a variation of approximately 6 dB across different research groups, with differences reaching up to 10 dB in some cases compared to the benchmark results described in this paper. These variations stemmed from differing methodologies and underlying assumptions. In this paper, step-by-step guidance is given for modeling SPL due to wind. The workshop test case will be described, and results from the modeling approaches described here will be compared with those from the workshop participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research team of Prof. Songhai Tian published an experimental scheme in the Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences to study the mechanism of bacterial toxins using pooled CRISPR perturbation screen. The study provides a standardized experimental approach for toxin-related research, focusing on the interaction between pathogenic bacteria and hosts. The research aims to understand the mechanisms underlying infectious diseases and offers insights into potential prevention and treatment strategies. The study was conducted by a diverse team of researchers and was supported by various funding sources. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: To explore the efficacy of active fistulation in the treatment of proximal hypospadias in children by comparing one-stage and two-stage Duckett procedure. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty-seven children who were diagnosed with proximal hypospadias and underwent Duckett operation at our hospital between January 2013 and January 2021 were selected for this study. These subjects were divided into two groups: the research group (n = 36), using two-stage Duckett procedure with active fistulation, and the control group (n = 31), using one-stage Duckett procedure. The incidence of postoperative complications and the score of pediatric penile perception Scale were compared between the two groups. Results: The research group exhibits a significantly lower incidence rate of urethral fistula (8.3% Vs 16.1%) and urethral stricture (5.6% Vs 12.9%) in comparison to the control group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the analysis of Pediatric Penile Perception Scale scores indicates that the research group achieves significantly higher scores in terms of urethral shape, penile skin shape, and overall appearance than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment of proximal hypospadias in children, active fistulation within the two-stage Duckett procedure significantly reduces the rate of stage 1 postoperative complications and improves parental satisfaction. Active fistulation may offer a more promising option for the treatment of proximal hypospadias in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflexivity, which requires the conscious appraisal of how researchers' social positions and subjectivities interact with the research process, has become increasingly popular in qualitative research with participants at heightened risk of marginalization and trauma histories. Despite the documented traumas associated with marginalization, little has been written about the process of integrating a reflexive approach into research with marginalized communities. This methodological paper seeks to redress this gap by illuminating how our research team used the lens of space as a reflexive framework to attend to positionality, transformation, and power in a qualitative study with older persons with experiences of homelessness. These reflections emerged from our work conducting research in one of three sites associated with a pan-Canadian study, on housing, aging, place/space, and homelessness. More specifically, they emerged from our team's observations and de-briefings during and following data collection with 11 participants (aged 50+ years) of a long-term transitional housing site in Montreal, Canada. These reflections illuminate how integrating concepts of space may provide an avenue for attending to reflexivity when conducting research that informs policy and public service initiatives for marginalized communities, and support research processes that disrupt tendencies to overlook trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engaging with primary researchers during qualitative secondary analysis is a practice much recommended but rarely written about. In this article, I reflect on my experience of crossing an imagined boundary between the discrete textual dataset and its creators, of acknowledging and engaging with those researchers who invested in constructing the data, some of whom are still actively working with it. Focusing on four rationales for engaging with primary researchers - orientation, navigation, interpretation and the ethics of ownership - I describe the opportunities, tensions and dilemmas that presented themselves as I entered into dialogue with members of the primary research team. As the encouragement of rapid archiving practices and open qualitative research present new possibilities in working with contemporary 'living' archives, so it also raises new methodological and ethical considerations regarding engagement with and relationality towards primary researchers still active in their fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The French "OMIN registry" was established in 2015 to collect nationwide standardised data concerning biological, clinical, environmental and social characteristics of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) and unexpected death in children aged 1–2 years. A biobank has existed since July 2020 to store biological samples for each case. This article aimed to detail (1) a brief history and the objectives of the registry; (2) a description of the methodology used; (3) the first results of the registry, i.e. the main characteristics of the cases included so far; (4) the process for accessing the data for research projects; and (5) issues regarding weakness and improvement and perspectives offered by the registry. On 31 May 2024, 1975 cases were included in the OMIN registry; on 31 December 2022, 4606 biological samples from 176 cases were collected. For each deceased child, different types of data are registered on an electronic case report form: socio-demographic data, personal and familial medical background, environment and feeding data, clinical data, and biological and imaging results. A strict and continuous quality control process is used to ensure the reliability of the data, in parallel with specific actions to improve the exhaustiveness of the registry. The OMIN registry database is one of the largest and the most complete databases on SUDI, especially in Europe, and the first in the world to associate a standardised biological sample collection with it. Perspectives of research provided by our registry are numerous and could be supported by national and international scientific collaborations. Conclusion: This article details the objectives and methods of the French registry of SUDI. It provides initial results relating to the population included in the register and the procedure for accessing the data. What is Known: • In Western Europe, France is one of the countries with the highest SUDI rate, making it the first cause of death of infants between 28 and 364 days. • The development of epidemiological tools on a national and international scale is essential to advance research into the determinants and risk factors of unexpected death in children under 2 years of age. What is New: • The OMIN registry was created in France in 2015 to collect nationwide standardised social, environmental, clinical, and paraclinical data for cases of unexpected death in children aged 0 to 2 years. • To date, the OMIN registry has included 680 data from almost 2000 children unexpectedly deceased, completed by a biocollection since 2020. • Data from the OMIN registry, unique in its field, are freely available for scientific research teams, after acceptation by the scientific committee of the registry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To provide detailed information on the codesign of a digital intervention to support parents with bipolar disorder (BD) who have young children. Each step of this process is reported, as well as a detailed description of the final version of the intervention in line with the TIDieR framework. Methods: Clinical experience and lived experience experts participated in online workshops, meetings, and remote feedback requests, informed by Integrated Knowledge Translation (IKT) principles. The IKT research group responded to each phase of recommendations from the knowledge users. Results: Five clinical experience experts and six lived experience experts engaged with the codesign process. Their recommendations for principles, content, look, and feel, and functionality of the digital intervention were structured over five iterative phases. This led to a final implemented design that was identified by the clinical and lived experience experts (referred to together as the knowledge users group) as genuinely reflecting their input. Conclusions: The IKT principles offer an accessible structure for engaging with clinical and lived experience experts throughout a codesign process, in this case for a digital intervention for parents with BD. The resulting intervention is described in detail for transparency to aid further evaluation and development and to help other teams planning codesign approaches to intervention development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromyography (EMG) stands out as an accessible and inexpensive method for identifying muscle contractions on the surface and within deeper muscle tissues. Using specialized electronic circuits for amplification and filtering can help develop simple but effective systems for detecting and analyzing these signals. However, EMG devices developed by research teams frequently lack rigorous methodologies for validating the quality of the signals they record compared to those obtained by commercial systems that have undergone extensive testing and regulatory approval for market release. This underscores the critical need for standardized validation techniques to reliably assess the performance of experimental devices relative to established commercial equipment. Hence, this study introduces a methodology for the development and statistical validation of a laboratory EMG circuit compared with a professional device available on the market. The experiment simultaneously recorded the muscle electrical activity of 18 volunteers using two biosignal acquisition devices—a prototype EMG and a commercial system—both applied in parallel at the same recording site. Volunteers performed a series of finger and wrist extension movements to elicit myoelectric activity in these forearm muscles. To achieve this, it was necessary to develop not only the EMG signal conditioning board, but also two additional interface boards: one for enabling parallel recording on both devices and another for synchronizing the devices with the task programmatically controlled in Python that the volunteers were required to perform. The EMG signals generated during these tasks were recorded simultaneously by both devices. Subsequently, 22 feature indices commonly used for classifying muscular activity patterns were calculated from two-second temporal windows of the recordings to extract detailed temporal and spatial characteristics. Finally, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) was computed to compare the indices from the prototype with those from the commercial device, using this method as a validation system to assess the quality of the signals recorded by the prototype relative to the commercial equipment. A concordance of 87.6% was observed between the feature indices calculated from the recordings of both devices, suggesting high effectiveness and reliability of the EMG signals recorded by the prototype compared to the commercial device. These results validate the efficacy of our EMG prototype device and provide a solid foundation for the future evaluation of similar devices, ensuring their reliability, accuracy, and suitability for research or clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical students, like many health professional students, are at risk for burnout and other negative well-being outcomes. Research suggests that building resilience may help to mitigate these risks. A multi-disciplinary team developed, delivered, and evaluated a training on building resilience for medical students entitled, "Resilience for Health Providers - Strengthening You to Strengthen Them." The training program provided parallel learning intended to teach medical students how to apply protective factors to both themselves and their patients. The research team proposed that training medical students to understand mechanisms that support resilience such as motivation and selfefficacy may increase the development of resilience as part of their medical training. Through parallel learning, students can also learn how to apply these mechanisms to their patients. The evaluation of the training's effectiveness consisted of pre- and post-tests. Medical students' resilience was measured using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), a tested and validated scale. Findings indicated that post-test scores increased in each domain from pre-test. Participants reported enhanced skill building for both their own resilience and that of patients after the training. Results from the CD-RISC-10 scale showed that the medical students rated slightly lower than the mean identified by the CD-RISC-10 creators. The results from this initial study to strengthen health professionals' self-reported resilience showed that the training improved medical students' self-reported resilience and their confidence in assisting houseless participants to improve their understanding of building their own self-resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem definition: We investigate the optimal salesforce compensation scheme in the context of private information and unobservable actions, considering common operational factors encountered in practice, including inventory costs, contractible versus censored demand information, and controlled versus delegated ordering. Methodology/results: Based on an agency model with general demand and cost functions, we derive optimality conditions for implementable contracts that can achieve the second-best outcome in all scenarios. The contracts are in the forms of a menu with linear compensation for demand or sales, incorporating inventory costs. Moreover, the contracts feature adjustments in compensation corresponding to the ordering level if it is delegated. Managerial implications: Our study reveals that, under reasonably mild conditions, optimal salesforce contracts can still maintain relatively simple forms, even when confronted with common operational factors and generalized demand and cost functions. However, the contracts must be tailored to suit the operational settings. Intriguingly, neither the loss of demand information nor the delegation of inventory decisions would compromise system efficiency at optimum. Funding: H. Song is partially supported by the Key International Cooperation and Exchange Projects of the NSFC [Grant W2411062] and the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the NSFC [Grant 71821002]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0400. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the realm of robotics research, there is a strong focus on trajectory planning and control, driven by the increasing need to integrate robots across diverse industries. Drawing on the traditional Artificial Potential Field (for short, APF) method for path planning, the author proposes modifications on the force field calculation functions and time coefficients. These proposed functions improve the robot arm's movement to better interact with identified obstacles, regardless of distance conditions. This will help reduce calculation time compared to traditional methods. The research aims to enhance the operational system of the manipulator by developing an external program that interfaces with the central controller. The program guides the robot arm to follow a specific path using the Differential Inverse Kinematics (for short, DIK) method to ensure the smoothness of trajectory tracking. Facing the issue of the invertibility of the Jacobian matrix, the research team addressed it by adding a Moore-Penrose right pseudoinverse of the Jacobian and avoiding the shock velocity around the singularity using a Damping Constant technique. In this research, the proposed APF is validated and compared to the traditional method using MATLAB. The DIK method utilizes the optimal path from previous to control the Yaskawa MotoMINI manipulator - the physical robot arm system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni / Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Sun-Yat-Sen University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni / Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Sun-Yat-Sen University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Route Educational & Social Science Journal (Ress Journal) is the property of Ress Academy Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper suggests that the theory of entrepreneurship needs to be amended. This paper first shows how the phenomenon of entrepreneurial teams has become established in practice and in the literature. Then the axioms of entrepreneurship theory are discussed. This paper (with a literature review and GEM data) argues that there is an inconsistency within entrepreneurship theory: in order not to have to change the axioms of entrepreneurship theory, entrepreneurial teams were assumed to consist of individual entrepreneurs. This paper explains how that impedes advances in theory development and suggests a new taxonomy of entrepreneurs: the individual entrepreneur, the individual entrepreneur in a team, and a socially minded true team entrepreneur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]