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135. The effect of manganese on the precipitation of Mg17Al12 phase in magnesium alloy AZ 91.

Author

Tamura, Y., Kida, Y., Tamehiro, H., Kono, N., Soda, H., and McLean, A.

Subjects
MANGANESE, MAGNESIUM alloys, METALLIC composites, PHASE equilibrium, CRITICAL point (Thermodynamics), CRITICAL phenomena (Physics), PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry, PHYSICS, ELECTROMETALLURGY
Abstract

Non-uniform continuous precipitation of the β-phase is known to occur within the solution-treated grains of AZ91 alloys during aging. In the present study, the segregation profiles of solute elements in the as-cast, solution heat-treated, and aged specimens of AZ91E were examined by electron probe micro analysis. The results were correlated with optical and SEM observations of the microstructures. It was found that the dendrite cores of the cast structure were richer in manganese concentration and these manganese-rich regions remained unchanged even after solution heat-treatment for 24 h at 410 °C, while the segregated aluminum and zinc in the interdendritic regions of the cast structure diffused homogeneously into the matrix grains. It was also found that the regions of grains that were richer in manganese were a source of preferential nucleation for β-precipitates. Thus, the cause of the non-uniform distribution of β-phase precipitates during aging is attributed to the solute segregation of manganese during solidification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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142. Phase I study of second-line chemotherapy with docetaxel and carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Author

Oka, Mikio, Fukuda, Minoru, Nagashima, Seiji, Fukuda, Masaaki, Kinoshita, Akitoshi, Soda, Hiroshi, Doi, Seiji, Narasaki, Fumihiko, Suenaga, Mitsuhiro, Takatani, Hiroshi, Nakamura, Yo-ichi, Kawabata, Shigeru, Tsurutani, Junji, Kanda, Tetsuro, Kohno, Shigeru, Oka, M, Fukuda, M, Nagashima, S, Kinoshita, A, and Soda, H

Subjects
COMBINATION drug therapy, CLINICAL trials, DOCETAXEL, ANTINEOPLASTIC agents, DRUG analysis, LUNG cancer, PHARMACOLOGY
Abstract

Purpose: Docetaxel and carboplatin have a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. We conducted a phase I study of docetaxel and carboplatin as second-line chemotherapy in previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose-limiting toxicities in this second-line combination chemotherapy.Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC were treated with escalating docetaxel doses in combination with a fixed-target area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 5 mg min/ml of carboplatin on day 1 of a 3-4-week cycle. The carboplatin dose was determined by multiplying the AUC by the clearance predicted using the Chatelut formula. The docetaxel dose was escalated from 40 mg/m2 to the MTD by 10 mg/m2 increments.Results: A total of 16 patients previously treated with anticancer drugs were enrolled through three dose levels (40, 50 and 60 mg/m2 of docetaxel). All patients were assessable for toxicity and response. The MTD was docetaxel 60 mg/m2 with a carboplatin target AUC of 5 mg min/ml, and the dose-limiting toxicities in two of four patients were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Overall, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia of grade 3/4 occurred in eight patients (50%) and three patients (19%), respectively. Four patients (25%) and two patients (13%) experienced both grade 1 diarrhea and dermatitis, respectively. Allergic reactions, fluid retention, pneumonitis, neurotoxicity and mucositis were not observed. Of 16 patients, 5 showed an objective response (response rate 31%; 95% CI 14-56%).Conclusions: The combination of docetaxel and carboplatin is a feasible and well-tolerated second-line chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of NSCLC. Docetaxel 50 mg/m2 under the carboplatin target AUC of 5 mg x min/ml using the Chatelut formula was the recommended dose for phase II study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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