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BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism causes considerable morbidity. Lack of awareness can lead to poor disease management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pharmacist-provided counselling in terms of knowledge, attitude, and practice outcomes in hypothyroid patients. METHODS This was a prospective interventional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal from September 2019 to February 2020. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 94 hypothyroid patients were enrolled in this study. Simple Random sampling technique was used. The study population was divided into a test group and control group. The knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients regarding hypothyroidism were assessed and recorded at baseline using questionnaire and counselling was done. After one-month follow-up patients were again assessed using same questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. RESULTS The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores before intervention of the test group were 6.16±2.14, 18.90±2.29 and 4.53±1.12 respectively, and these scores were changed to 12.48±1.53, 22.04±0.92 and 6.00±0.00 respectively, after the intervention (p < 0.05). Likewise, the mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores of the control group at baseline were 8.90 ± 3.69, 18.85 ± 2.01 and 4.71 ± 1.29 respectively, and after one-month follow-up the mean scores were changed to 7.88 ± 0.77, 11.50 ± 1.59 and 4.40 ± 0.76 respectively. CONCLUSION The pharmacist-provided counselling is useful in enhancing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of hypothyroid patients.

Abstract: Among the large variety of nitrogen and oxygen-containing heterocycles, 1,3,4- oxadiazole, the scaffold, has attracted considerable attention owing to its ability to show an extensive range of pharmacological actions. According to literature investigations, prepared 1,3,4- oxadiazole and its derivative are pharmacologically significant and consist of a variety of activities, such as anticonvulsant, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic, etc. These heterocyclics are formed mainly by the cyclization reactions of various reactants under diverse reaction circumstances. Therefore, significant efforts of organic chemists have been directed towards the synthesis of new drug candidates containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole subunits connected to an established potential pharmacophore to improve the efficacy and potency. This article aims to highlight recent publications on the various synthesis techniques of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and related compounds over the previous ten years (2011–2021). The purpose of this review is to help researchers by summarizing several synthetic strategies for synthesizing oxadiazole.

The shear strength of the soil (SSS) is a significant attribute which is employed most frequently throughout the design phase of construction projects. The conventional approach of determining shear strength (SS) in the laboratory is one which is costlier as well as time taken process. The ability to precisely predict the SSS without the need for laborious and expensive testing in a laboratory is just one of the real-world needs of geotechnical professionals. In this paper an attempt has been made to develop a common methodology for predicting the SSS using optimized models. For this purpose, three additional optimized algorithms (GA, MPA, and PSO) were utilized to improve the bias and weight of the ANN's learning parameters, and three optimized ANNs (ANN-GA, ANN-MPA, and ANN-PSO) were developed. Validation of all the developed optimized models was executed using RMSE, R2, RSR, WI, and NSE, indices. After validation of optimized models it was found that out of three ANN-GA produces good modelling outcome in training as well as in testing phase and outperforming other models. It has been shown that the GA develops the most trustworthy ANN, and this was also validated by the rank analysis of developed models. When trying to predict SSS, it has been shown that the liquidity index (LI) is the key factor to take into consideration. This was determined by plotting the feature significance plot along with the feature selection plot. Following the LI, the water content (wc)) is the second most important input variable that has an effect on the value of the parameter of interest being investigated in the present investigation. In a broad sense, it was found that the factors associated to water were the primary characteristics that impact the prediction of SSS.

Nowadays, predicting the success of a new movie is a crucial task. In this work, the hybrid approach considers the movie features as well as sentiment expressed in the movie review to predict the success rate of a movie. Multiple movie features such as title, director, star cast, and writer. Are considered for prediction. The related raw data is collected from the internet movie database (IMDb) website and after pre-processing, the collected data is used to generate the supervised machine learning model. Different supervised learning models are compared and the one with the best results is used further. The mean squared error, root mean squared error and r2 score of the models generated are comparable with existing models. Further, sentiment analysis of the movie-related tweets is performed. The accuracy of best sentiment analysis model is 88.47%. Finally, the two models are combined to give the success prediction rating of new movies and the results of the hybrid model are encouraging. The proposed model may be used to find the top-rated movies of a particular calendar year.

Introduction: Preparing future mothers for the birth of newborn is an important part of birth preparedness counseling and one of major responsibility of health care provider. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess awareness of antenatal mothers for birth preparedness and complication readiness and find association of awareness with socio demographic variables. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted using cross sectional research design. Total 200 antenatal mothers were selected using the purposive sampling technique who was attending antenatal OPD at Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, and Haryana, India. Data was collected by using semi structured questionnaire. Result: The majority of antenatal mothers were belongs to age group of 18-25 years and were secondary level educated. Most of antenatal mothers (54%) had poor knowledge of birth preparedness and complication readiness. Chi square test showed a significant association among awareness level of antenatal mothers with age (0.002*), educational level of self (0.003*) and husband (0.000*), gravida (0.03*), time to reach to health care facility (0.015*) and mode of transportation in emergency (0.005*). Odd ratios showed that antenatal mother who did not done their antenatal register had a 0.81 times more chances for less awareness than registered mothers. Conclusion: Awareness of antenatal mothers for birth preparedness and complication readiness was poor. There are various hindering factors which must be explored for betterment of maternal outcome and success of birth preparedness and complication readiness programs.

The present paper aims to develop sustainable concrete to reduce the impact of concrete on environment using groundnut husk ash. In the present study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of concrete is evaluated in terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), and Eutrophication Potential (EP) which indicates the impact of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and other gases emission on environment during manufacturing of concrete. Six types of concrete cubes i.e CM, G-2.5, G-5, G-7.5, G-10, G-12.5, and G-15 designed concrete are manufactured by replacing cement with GHA by mass at different replacement levels (0%,2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15%).Cubes were tested for compressive strength after 7 and 28 days. Results indicated that upto 12.5% replacement of cement with groundnut husk ash (GHA) by mass, the compressive strength of GHA was more than the characteristic strength of M20 grade concrete. LCA of control mix and GHA concrete was done from cradle – to – gate boundaries. In control mix concrete, cement has the highest environmental impact about 80%, 73% and 54% of total impact for GWP, AP and EP respectively Results indicated that by utilizing GHA, reduction of 10%, 9.1%, and 7.2% in GWP, AP, and EP impact values occurs respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of groundnut husk ash in concrete will lessen the impact of carbon dioxide and other green house gases (GHG) on environment and adds to the sustainability aspect by utilizing waste.

The natural languages are medium of communication from the inception of civilization. As the technology improves, the text messages, voice messages and videos are the addons in medium of communication. In long distance communication, the analysis of expression is modern area of research. The parameters of assessment are subjective hence the emotion recognition is challenging task. This article furnishes the investigation of various machine learning techniques and novel methods for speech emotion recognition (SER) to determine the feeling/sentiments in a speech. Here, we investigate the three machine learning methods named multinominal Naive Bayes (MNB), logistic regression (LR), and linear support vector machine (LSVM). Further, these techniques are incorporated with the proposed method. The performance of these machine learning techniques is investigated on two different datasets. The datasets consist of voice and text data samples. The prosed method is trained and tested on these datasets. As per the experimentation, it has been observed that the LSVM has outperformed the other two machine learning techniques.

Ayurveda is not only the science of life but also the philosophy of life. Srotasa which represent the internal transport system includes a series of channels through which Rasa-Raktaadi Dhatu is propelled to all parts of the body. The concept of Pranavaha Srotodushti & its explanation matches entirely with the pathogenesis mechanism symptoms of Asthma. Taking this aspect in the mind, the clinical study was planned to establishment of the func- tional utility of Srotomoola in the management of the disease Tamaka Shwasa. AIM & OBJECTIVES: To estab- lish the role and function utility of Srotomoola. To study the aetiopathogenesis and treatment of Pranavaha- Pradoshaja Vikara. To assess the efficacy of Shwashar Yoga, Hridya Yoga, and Deepaniya Yoga. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the clinical study 30 clinically diagnosed patients of Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) were registered for present clinical. They were treated in three groups randomly each containing 10 patients with- in the age group of 20-70 years. Group 1 has been treated with Shwashar Yoga 5gm three times a day for 2 months. Group 2 have given Hridya Yoga 5gm three times a day for 2 months. Group 3 have given Deepaniya Yoga 5gm three times a day for 2 months. 30 clinically diagnosed patients of Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma) were registered for the present clinical study in 3 divided groups. RESULTS: After the complete intervention the overall improvement in the patient of group I was found to be 77.27%, in Group II was found to be 63.64% and in group III was found to be 31.50% which was a mild improvement symptomatically but statistically it was highly significant. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was observed that most drug ingredients in Shwashar Yoga, Hridya Yoga, Deepaniya Yoga have Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna Guna, Tikta, Katu Rasa, Katu & Madhura Vipaka & Kapha Vatashamaka Prabha- va. Considering these factors, the selected drugs as well comprises Kapha Vatashamaka action, moreover, should contain a strong affinity to perform on Pranavaha Srotas. It shows signs of Srotoshodhaka properties which may assist to eliminate sluggish Dosha in the Srotas. Keywords: Srotasa, Srotomoola, Tamaka Shwasa, Kapha Vatashamaka.

In any construction projects,assessment of liquefaction potential induced due to seismic excitation during earthquake is a critical concern.The objective of present model development is to classify and assess liquefaction potential of soil.This paper addresses Emotional Neural Network(ENN), Cultural Algorithm(CA) and biogeography optimized(BBO) based adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for liquefaction study.The performance of neural emotional network and cultural algorithm has been also discussed. BBO-ANFIS combines the biogeography features to optimize the ANFIS parameters to achieve higher prediction accuracy.The model is trained with case history of liquefaction databases.Two parameters are used as input such as the cyclic stress ratio and standard penetration test (SPT) value.The performance of these models was assessed using different indexes i.e. sensitivity, specificity, FNR, FPR and accuracy rate.The performance of all models is compared.Among the models, the BBO-ANFIS model has been outperformed and can be adopted as new reliable technique for liquefaction study.

In the contemporary era, human society is leading a mechanical life with a sedentary lifestyle, precariously busy schedule, constant work without rest, night shift, alarming anxiety and stress in the work field, drastic changes in the environment etc. All these cause prevalence of Vatavyadhi(disorders due to Vata dosha) in this modern era. Among the different Vatavyadhi (disorders due to Vata), the most affected one is Gridhrasi (sciatica) which is characterized by low backache radiating to one or both the lower limbs. In addition to the above-mentioned caus- es, constant work schedule in an improper sitting posture, travelling long distances by vehicles, lifting of heavy objects, trauma to the low back region are the precipitating factors of Gridhrasi. The causes, signs and symptoms explained by different Acharyas have more relevance to the present situation. The presentation of Gridhrasi var- ies from person to person due to changes in Nidana(causative factors), and Samprapti (pathogenesis). Close ob- servation and thorough knowledge of our classics make the diagnosis and treatment of Gridhrasi easier. So, the present article tries to explain the Lakshana (symptoms) and treatment of Gridhrasi which will ensure a simpler and more effective treatment of the cases. Keywords: VataVyadhi; Gridhrasi; Nidana; Samprapti; Lakshana; Treatment.

Activity Recognition and Classification (ARC) have enabled growth of many automated applications like recommender services, old age assistance, health monitoring, security and surveillance etc. This becomes possible due to advancement of technology in wearable devices and smartphones. The small size, easy availability of various relevant sensors, ever decreasing cost, ability to monitor continuously and handy to use features have made them prominent devices to use in ARC. In this work, we provide a comprehensive survey on ARC using smartphones and wearable sensors. The work begins with the understanding of the ARC process followed by description of inertial sensors present in the smartphones and wearables. It covers the various feature extraction methods and the models used in traditional methods and the trending deep learning based methods. It is observed that, performance of any ARC method largely depends on number of sensors, classification technique, kind of device and placement and orientation of the device among many other parameters considered in the work. In our study, we present a detailed comparison of work done in this area considering ten such important parameters, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first of its kind of surveys. Finally, we present ten challenges in this area and provide prospective dimensions that can be explored in future research.

In India, it has been observed that after the Economic Reforms of 1991, the participation of labor force has increased marginally but the rate of unemployment has remained unchanged which still remains a matter of concern. On the other hand, India has faced the issue of persistent rise in prices which is another major problem. As both these parameters are vital measures of economic growth, this paper attempts to find the correlation between both these variables in the Indian context from the year 1991 to 2019. A. W. Phillips in his theory states that inflation and unemployment have a stable and inverse relationship. The major claim of the theory is that with economic growth comes inflation, which in turn should lead to more jobs and less unemployment. On the basis of Phillips Curve this paper attempts to analyze the effect of economic growth and Inflation on unemployment in India during the time period of 1991 to 2020. The observational findings revealed a negligible association between unemployment, inflation and economic growth in India. KEY WORDS: employment, inflation, economic, growth, problem

Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting profitable crop production. The effect of salt stress on germination,carotenoid and proline content of Tephrosia purpurea was investigated Three different salinity level (50,100 and 200 mM)were used for germination experiment and distilled water as control. For pot experiment plants were treated with four different NaCl concentration (50,100,200,300mM).Normally irrigated plants were treated as control. Observations were recorded from day 25 up to day 65 at ten days interval. Result indicated that lower salt concentration (50mM) enhance seed germination but beyond it germination decreases. The result show that salinity increase carotenoid and proline content. The increase of proline with salinity increase shows the importance of the osmotic balance in low water potential condition. In general the results of the experiments showed that increase in production of proline as an osmotic regulatory mechanism for survival in high salinity levels.

This study was done to investigate the effect of different level of NaCl concentration on the germination of Tephrosia purpurea L. seed. Different concentration of NaCl (50,100,200 and 300 mM) and distilled water (control) was experimented on the seed of this wild leguminous plant. The experiment showed that the Mean germination time (MGT), Germination index (GI), Coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG), Germination percentage (GP), and Seed vigor index (SVI) varied between 1.7 and 3.5 days, 1.91 and 1.00, 1.08 and 0.280,80 and .60% and 4.06 and 0.40, respectively. There was no germination at 300 mM. Significant differences were found among NaCl treatments in terms of GI (p