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The morphological and molecular characterisations of two lance nematode species isolated from the rhizosphere of banana, Hoplolaimus seinhorsti and H. pararobustus, are provided based on an integrative study that includes light and scanning electron microscopy, phylogenetic analysis and two tree-based molecular species delimitation methods (GMYC and bPTP). Nineteen new sequences were obtained, including 5 partial 18S rRNA, 6 D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, 1 ITS rRNA and 7 COI mtDNA (the first COI sequences of H. seinhorsti and H. pararobustus), and an updated morphological character comparison of 37 Hoplolaimus species is presented. The tree-based molecular species-delimitation approaches employed gave markedly differing results, and also showed remarkable discrepancies among the investigated genes, although the bPTP output was found to agree well with established morphological species delimitations. Both species-delimitation approaches did, however, provide the same output for the COI mtDNA sequences, and the COI mtDNA gene sequence was also found to correspond better to established morphological species. It is therefore recommended by this paper as representing the most suitable barcode marker for Hoplolaimus species identification. This integrative study also resulted in the corrective reassignment of 17 gene sequences that were previously unidentified or incorrectly classified, as well as concluding that H. pararobustus consists of two cryptic species.

The goal of this study is to conduct a systematic review of cognitive-behavioral interventions for patients with cancer. The studies included in this review met the following criteria: (1) being a randomized clinical trial (RCT), (2) being a study of a cognitive-behavioral therapy that included psycho-educational, alternative, and complementary therapies (for example, acupuncture, relaxation), and tested expressive, supportive, and skill-based interventions, (3) adult participants (18 years or older) with cancer, and (4) the results being directly related to advanced studies. Treatment effects were not statistically significant in most studies, methods were not consistently described, and samples had limited racial/ethnic diversity, according to the studies included in this review. The internal validity of the studies included in this review posed significant challenges to the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions. A gap in the current knowledge base is the lack of information on the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral interventions to support people with cancer. Practical requirements are tailored to the needs of people with advanced cancer, and well-designed studies are required to test interventions that improve cancer outcomes.

Background: Health communication strategies have become critical in managing public health issues across sub-Saharan Africa. In the literature, health communication strategies have been well documented. The studies are often narrow, focusing on individual countries or specific health issues. No research documented and consolidated the health communication strategies across sub-Saharan Africa. This review attempts to catalogue prevalent health communication strategies, how the various countries have implemented these strategies and the barriers to effective health communication practices in Africa. Methods: We systematically reviewed existing literature on health communication strategies in sub-Saharan Africa to answer formulated questions. A Google search was performed in October 2022 with the keywords ‘health communication’, ‘strategies’, ‘promotion,’ ‘education,’ and ‘engagement,’ The data reported in this article included evidence published between 2013 and 2023. Selected documents were content analyzed, and significant sections were mapped against specific strategies/themes. These subsets of data were used to present the results and analysis. Results:The review indicates that different health communication strategies have been deployed across Africa. In some countries, specific strategies are used to tackle specific health issues, while a combination of strategies is used in others. In some countries, the strategies are unclear, and implementation is improvised, sometimes misapplied, or truncated by bureaucratic red tape and incompetence. The prevalent strategies are mainly those prescribed from outside with little input from the beneficiaries. Conclusion: The review suggests that using a holistic or multi-pronged health communication approach that is context-specific and participatory could attract more uptakes of health messages.

Of the most important characteristics of the Ranikothalia genus, as large benthic foraminifera, are the existence of ornamentation in the external part of the shell especially around the central umbilicus knob, marginal mesh channels (MMC) in the marginal chord, trabeculate system with channels, V-shape plate in the floor of chambers and accumulation of septum that differentiated this genus from Nummulites genus and placing it in the Palaeonummulitinae sub-family. The Ilerdian transgression near the P5 Zone (Pelagic P5) is a stratal key surface for the determination of the Paleocene-Eocene boundary in the neritic deposits. Ranikothalia nuttalli as an index species is used for recognition of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Neo-Tethys shallow water successions. This species, in the Padagi section, resembling the Pakistan Indus Basin, accompanied with Miscellanea miscella, Discocyclina sp., Discocyclina sp., Assilina sp. that indicated SBZ5/6 and suggested lower Ilerdian (earliest Eocene) age. Keywords: Ranikothalia , Ilerdian, systematic, Sistan Suture Zone Introduction Large benthic foraminifera, such as Fusulinidae, Oritoididae, Alveolinidae, Rotaliidae and Nummulitidae, are important fossil and extant forms that with respect to systematic and biostratigraphic widespread, are studied and some biozonation schemes based on them are suggested. Nummulitidae (such as Ranikothalia) are a group of large benthic foraminiferas developed in the Paleocene and Eocene of the Tethys basin. Larger benthic foraminiferas biozonation is represented by Serra-Kiel et al. (1998) which based on these group of foraminifera Paleocene and Eocene series are divided into 20 shallow benthic zones (SBZ1–SBZ20). The Paleocene–Eocene boundary is considered between SBZ4–SBZ5 (Scheibner & Speijer 2009). Ranikothalia nuttalli as an index species is used for recognition of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Neo-Tethys shallow water successions. This species, in the Padagi section, resembles the Pakistan Indus Basin, accompanied with Miscellanea miscella, Discocyclina sp., Discocyclina sp., Assilina sp. that indicated SBZ5/6 and suggested the lower Ilerdian (earliest Eocene) age. The purpose of this study is to identify and introduce the Ranikothalia nuttali species and investigate its expansion in the adjacent sedimentary basin in the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Material & Method To do research and biostratigraphic investigations of the Paleocene–Eocene deposits in the Sefid-Abeh basin, the Padagi section, ten rock samples are collected that 60 thin sections prepared from them. The systematic determination of Ranikothalia, in the level of genus and species, is done by using binocular microscope, and then based on identified Ranikothalia nutalli, the age of the Padagi section is suggested. Discussion of Results & Conclusions Studies of different genera of Nummulitidae in the thin sections and isolated forms led to the identification of different species of Ranikothalia especially Ranikothalia nutalli accompanied by other large benthic foraminiferas suggested the late Paleocene–early Eocene age for the Padagi section in the Sefid-Abeh basin. Ranikothalia nutalli as a specific species for identification of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Neo-Tethys shallow water succession is suggested. This specific species, in the Padagi section, is seen with Miscellanea miscella and the different species of Assilina and Discocyclina, such as the Indus basin, that show SBZ 5/6 and the earliest Eocene (lower Ilerdian) age. The most important characteristics of Ranikothalia genus, as large benthic foraminifera, are the existence of ornamentation in the external part of the shell especially around the central umbilicus knob, marginal mesh channels (MMC) in the marginal chord, trabeculate system with channels, V-shape plate in the floor of chambers and accumulation of septum that differentiated this genus from Nummulites genus and placing it in the Palaeonummulitinae sub-family. The Ilerdian transgression in near the P5 Zone (Pelagic P5) is a stratal key surface for the determination of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the neritic deposits. Ranikothalia nuttalli as an index species is used for recognition of the Paleocene–Eocene boundary in the Neo-Tethys shallow water successions. With regards to affinity and similarity of larger benthic foraminifera assemblages (widespread of Ranikothalia and Miscellanea) in the Sefid-Abeh basin (Padagi section) with Indus basin (in Pakistan and India) we can concluded that palaeobiogeographically, the mentioned basin is related to the eastern Neotethys.

BACKGROUND: This article introduces the concept, food allergy literacy (FAL), which encompasses the knowledge, behaviors, and skills needed to manage a food allergy and is thus critical to child safety. Yet, there is limited clarity on how to promote FAL in children. METHODS: Twelve academic databases were systematically searched to identify publications on interventions to promote FAL in children. Five publications met the inclusion criteria, which involved children (3 to 12 years), their parents, or educators and tested the efficacy of an intervention. FINDINGS: Four interventions were for parents and educators, while 1 intervention was for parents with their children. The interventions were educational and focused on promoting participant knowledge and skills of food allergy, and/or psychosocial in nature, promoting coping, confidence, and self‐efficacy in managing children's allergies. All interventions were deemed effective. Only 1 study used a control group, and none assessed the long‐term benefits of the interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: The results can enable health service providers and educators to design evidence‐based interventions to promote FAL. This might involve designing, implementing, and evaluating curricula and play‐based activities, therein, that award greater attention to food allergy—its consequences, risks, skills to prevent risk, and managing food allergy in educational settings. CONCLUSIONS: There is limited evidence on child‐focused interventions that promote FAL. There is, therefore, considerable opportunity to co‐design and test interventions with children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an evaluation with the Type A and B methods for standard uncertainties of coefficients of a polynomial function of order k determined by n points obtained by measurement of input and output quantities. A method for deriving a posteriori distributions of function coefficients based on the transformation of estimator distributions without assuming any a priori distributions is presented. It was emphasized that since the correct values of the standard uncertainty of type A depend on the p n - k - 3 and not on the p n - k - 1, therefore, with a small number of measurement points, the use of the classical approach leads to a significant underestimation of uncertainty. The relationships for direct evaluation with the type B method of uncertainties caused by uncorrected systematic additive (offset error) and multiplicative (gain error) effects in the measurements of both input and output quantities are derived. These standard uncertainties are determined on the basis of the manufacturers' declared values of the maximum permissible errors of the measuring instruments used. A Monte Carlo experiment was carried out to verify the uncertainties of the coefficients and quadratic function, the results of which fully confirmed the results obtained analytically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Global health will increasingly be determined by cities. Currently over half of the world's population, over 4 billion people, live in cities. This systematic scoping review has been conducted to understand what cities are doing to improve health and healthcare for their populations. Methods: We conducted a systematic search to identify literature on city-wide initiatives to improve health. The study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020166210). Results: The search identified 42,137 original citations, yielding 1,614 papers across 227 cities meeting the inclusion criteria. The results show that the majority of initiatives were targeted at non-communicable diseases. City health departments are making an increasing contribution; however the role of mayors appears to be limited. Conclusion: The collective body of evidence identified in this review, built up over the last 130 years, has hitherto been poorly documented and characterised. Cities are a meta-system with population health dictated by multiple interactions and multidirectional feedback loops. Improving health in cities requires multiple actions, by multiple actors, at every level. The authors use the term 'The Vital 5'. They are the five most important health risk factors; tobacco use; harmful alcohol use; physical-inactivity, unhealthy diet and planetary health. These 'Vital 5' are most concentrated in deprived areas and show the greatest increase in low and middle income countries. Every city should develop a comprehensive strategy and action plan to address these 'Vital 5'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this document, two new fossil soldier beetles (family Cantharidae) from the Baltic amber from Yantarny, Kaliningrad Region, Russia are described, illustrated and compared with all known fossil congeners: Cacomorphocerus incurvus sp. nov. and Malthinus (Malthinus) amicitiae sp. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is wide agreement on the need for systems thinking to address complexity in chronic disease prevention but there is insufficient understanding of how such approaches are operationalised in prevention research. Ison and Straw propose that to address complexity, the right balance must be struck between 'systemic' and 'systematic' paradigms. We examined the nature and characteristics of this relationship in a series of six qualitative case studies of prevention research. Data comprised 29 semi-structured interviews with 16 participants, and online documents. The analysis combined inductive methods from grounded theory with a theoretically informed framework analysis. Systemic and systematic ways of working varied across each case as a whole, and within the dimensions of each case. Further, the interplay of systemic and systematic approaches was described along a dynamic continuum of variable proportions, with greater emphasis on systemic aspects balanced by less focus on the systematic, and vice versa. By expanding the boundaries for exploring prevention research, we gained empirical understanding of the potential and scope of systemic and systematic paradigms for addressing complexity in prevention research. There is inherent value in being more explicitly conscious and bilingual in both systemic and systematic paradigms so that their respective value and strengths may be utilised. Our findings propose a coherent theoretical frame to better understand existing approaches for addressing complexity in prevention research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work, emulating more or less the form of a concordance dictionary, is a systematic bilingual English-Romanian lexicon of the Book of Genesis, created by using the authorized English & Romanian versions of the Book of Genesis. We focus on the linguistic and translational concordances, between the standard Bible in English (the authorized version of 1611, revised in 1881-1885, and republished in 1901) and the standard Bible in Romanian (we use two fundamental versions of the Romanian Bible: 1. the one published by the United Bible Societies -- abbreviated "UBS"; and 2. the one published, with the approval of the Holy Synod, by Editura Institutului Biblic şi de Misiune al Bisericii Ortodoxe Române, from Bucharest; also known as "Biblia de la Bucureşti," the "Bible from Bucharest" -- abbreviated "BB"). The present systematic lexicon has two sections: the first section (§1) is a general bilingual English-Romanian lexicon, in which we include words, expressions and (proper) names as they are used in the text of Genesis, including names of persons, temples, shrines, nicknames, toponyms, etc, to which are added short explanations in Romanian. The second section (§2) is a systematic bilingual English-Romanian lexicon, divided into five parts: 1) a list of the names of people and places mentioned in the Book of Genesis, with short explanations in Romanian (names of persons, temples, shrines, nicknames, toponyms, etc); 2) a list of the names mentioned in Genesis, without any explanations (names of persons, temples, shrines, nicknames, toponyms, etc), for quick reference; 3) a list of the names of people mentioned in Genesis; 4) a list of the names of tribes mentioned in Genesis; 5) the genealogical tree of the Book of Genesis, as a detailed list and as a arboreal scheme in two parts (Part 1: from Adam and Eve to Isaac; Part 2: from Isaac to Joseph). The present systematic lexicon will thus prove to be a useful tool not only for translators, but also for anyone interested in better understanding, in a survey-like, synoptic approach, the cultural Judeo-Christian foundations as described in the Book of Genesis, in the context of the concordances between the English and the Romanian versions of the Bible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global migration and mobility dynamics are expected to shift in the coming decades as a result of climate change. However, the extent to which migration is caused by climate hazards, in contrast or addition to other intervening factors, is a point of debate in literature. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify and consolidate factors which directly and indirectly influence climate change migration. In our review of the literature, we found a total of 21 economic, environmental, demographic, political, social, and personal intervening decision‐making factors which affect climate migration. Causal interactions between these factors were identified using an axial qualitative coding technique called purposive text analysis. By combining causal links, a semi‐quantitative causal loop diagram was created that represented factor interaction and feedback within the "climate migration system." Using this model, we highlight influential feedback loops and point to how intervention strategies may cause downstream effects. This research helps to address calls for a better understanding of the complex decision‐making dynamics in climate migration. In particular, results from our causal feedback loops show that intervention strategies targeted toward economic factors such as financial capital and livelihoods, as well as food security, would have the greatest impact in assisting climate‐affected communities. These results help inform climate migration policy and aid planners in the future to better understand the interconnected system of factors that lead to the emergent outcome of climate migration. This article is categorized under:Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and AnalogiesThe Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Climate Science and Decision Making [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The benthic foraminifera Murgeina apula (Luperto Sinni), originally described as Nummofallotia apula from the Upper Cretaceous of southern Italy, represents a common taxon in the middle-upper Cenomanian Sarvak Formation of southwestern Iran as well as the Campanian-early Maastrichtian of Croatia. The specific identity of the Iranian and Italian as well as Croatian specimens is confirmed by equivalent biometric data and identical test structure. The agglutinated wall (inner part) of M. apula excludes its assignment to the porcelaneous Nummofallotia Barrier & Neumann. Nummofallotia is currently placed in the family Meandropsinidae Henson, while for Murgeina with its bilamellar wall inclusion in the Ventrolaminidae Weynschenk is favoured. Nummofallotia cenomana Luperto Sinnni, described from the Cenomanian of southern Italy and lacking any hard facts for species discrimination (e.g., dimensions, inner structure) is herein considered tentatively a junior synonym of Murgeina apula requiring reexamination of the type-material. M. apula represents another survivor of the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary extinction event and, with a long stratigraphic range from the middle Cenomanian to the (early) Maastrichtian, is similar to another Methusalem taxon such as Moncharmontia apenninica (De Castro) with a comparable range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The carbonate succession of the Cenomanian-Turonian Sarvak Formation SW Iran, Zagros Zone contains a diverse assemblage of (larger) benthic foraminifera, such as alveolinids, orbitolinids and others. Two new taxa are described herein as Pseudocyclammina sarvakensis sp. nov. and Pseudotextulariella brevicamerata sp. nov. They are generally not frequently observed (likely biased through a stratigraphic or facies control) as other most common taxa found in the Sarvak Fm. They are herein reported from the Tang-e Darbast (type-locality of both species) and Shahneshin surface sections, and also from the Arman well-1 subsurface section, Fars area and Abadan Plain, respectively in the parts referred to the middle Cenomanian. The Tang-e Darbast section also represents the type-locality of Iraqia ultima Yazdi-Moghadam & Schlagintweit and Simplorabanitina simplex Consorti, Schlagintweit & Yazdi-Moghadam. Pseudocyclammina sarvakensis and Pseudotextulariella brevicamerata are further elements of the socalled 'Nezzazata-alveolinid' assemblage zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ingrown toenails are a common nail pathology. When conservative treatments are ineffective, a surgical approach is often utilised. Despite recent narrative reviews, there is a need for an up-to-date and rigorous systematic review of surgical methods for treating ingrown toenails. Methods: Five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and CENTRAL) and two registers (Clinicaltrials.gov and ISRCTN) were searched to January 2022 for randomised trials evaluating the effects of a surgical intervention(s) for ingrown toenails with a follow-up of at least 1 month. Two independent reviewers screened records, extracted data, assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Results: Of 3,928 records identified, 36 (3,756 participants; 62.7% males) surgical interventions were included in the systematic review and 31 studies in the meta-analysis. There was very low quality evidence that using phenol with nail avulsion vs nail avulsion without phenol reduces the risk of recurrence (risk ratio [RR] 0.13 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.27], p < 0.001). No favourable effect was observed between chemical or surgical vs conservative management (0.55 [0.19 to 1.61], p = 0.280; 0.72 [0.33 to 1.56], p = 0.410), chemical or surgical vs other (e.g., CO2 laser, electrocautery) (1.61 [0.88 to 2.95], p = 0.120; 0.58 [0.25 to 1.37], p = 0.220), chemical vs surgical (0.75 [0.46 to 1.21], p = 0.230), surgical vs surgical (0.42 [0.21 to 0.85]), chemical vs chemical (0.19 [0.01 to 3.80], p = 0.280), surgical vs surgical + chemical (3.68 [0.20 to 67.35], p = 0.380), chemical vs surgical + chemical (1.92 [0.06 to 62.30], p = 0.710), local anaesthetic vs local anaesthetic + adrenaline (1.03 [0.22 to 4.86], p = 0.970), chemical timings 30 s vs 60 s (2.00 [0.19 to 21.41]) or antibiotics vs no antibiotics (0.54 [0.12 to 2.52], p = 0.430). Central toenail resection was the only procedure to significantly relieve symptoms (p = 0.001) but data were only available up to 8 weeks post-surgery. Conclusion: Despite the high number of publications, the quality of research was poor and the conclusions that can be inferred from existing trials is limited. Phenolisation of the nail matrix appears to reduce the risk of recurrence following nail ablation, and with less certainty 1 min appears to be the optimum time for application. Despite this being a widely performed procedure there remains a lack of good quality evidence to guide practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a revision of the original description of the karyotype of the sable Martes zibellina. It presents data on the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of the female and male of this species and a comparison of their sets with those of closely allied species in the genus Martes. Additionally, a description of the synaptonemal complex (SC) is provided in the early to middle prophase of meiosis in the sable spermatocytes. Comparative analysis confirmed the stability and similarity of the main cytogenetic parameters of sables and martens (2n = 38, NFa = 64–68, X is the average submetacentric and Y is the smallest meta-, submeta-, or acrocentrics). A slight polymorphism associated with the representation of one- or two-armed small elements of the diploid set of chromosomes is revealed. These characteristics are of little use for the development of the intraspecific taxonomy of the sable, but can be useful in determining phylogenetic relationships at the species and generic levels, as well as to identify the consequences of natural hybridization of allied species in the genus Martes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The systematic uncertainties in the difference between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and UTC realizations like UTC(k) are analyzed with a semi-historical algorithm using the uncertainties of the calibrations of only the extant time-transfer links and their covariance with clock predictions. It is important that the network has matured through recalibration, and that UTC was once generated with only GPS. This approach covers all types of links, including redundant links and cross links. The uncertainties of non-GPS links depend on the uncertainties of the pivot lab's GPS system and the other system(s) used in the link. Clock predictions of labs not linked by GPS must be adjusted whenever the pivot lab's GPS receiver is recalibrated. The resulting uncertainties differ by up to 45% from the results given in a recently published alternative proposal. Aging of the uncertainties leads to a blending of this approach with the current algorithm used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective The aims of this study was to appraise the health economic evidence for adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) strategies in stage II and III colon cancer (CC) and identify gaps in the available evidence that might inform further research. Method A systematic review of published economic evaluations was undertaken. Four databases were searched and full-text publications in English were screened for inclusion. A narrative synthesis was performed to summarise the evidence. Results Thirty-eight studies were identified and stratified by cancer stage and AC strategy. The majority (89%) were full economic evaluations considering both health outcomes, usually measured as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs. AC was found to be cost-effective compared to no AC for both stage II and III CC. Oral and oxaliplatin-based AC was cost-effective for stage III. Three months of CAPOX was cost-effective compared to 6-month in high-risk stage II and stage III CC. Preliminary evidence suggests that biomarker approaches to AC selection in stage II can reduce costs and improve health outcomes. Notably, assessment of QALYs were predominantly reliant on a small number of non-contemporary health-utility studies. Only 32% of studies considered societal costs such as travel and time off work. Conclusions Published economic evaluations consistently supported the use of AC in stage II and III colon cancer. Biomarker-driven approaches to patient selection have great potential to be cost-effective, but more robust clinical and economic evidence is warranted. Patient surveys embedded into clinical trials may address critical knowledge gaps regarding accurate assessment of QALYs and societal costs in the modern era.

This study presents three dual-band lowpass–bandpass filters. The first handles lowpass and bandpass bands through its fifth-order and third-order Chebyshev filter responses, respectively. This filter uses three circuits to achieve flexibility in cutoff frequencies and fractional bandwidths. The second is a higher-order filter: it is a dual-band filter with ninth-order lowpass and fifth-order bandpass responses. In general, an extra 50- $\Omega $ transmission line might be required to connect each port conveniently to an external circuit for the first or second proposed filter, which could increase the circuit area. The third is a dual-band filter with a $\lambda $ /4 impedance transformer near each port to facilitate connections with external circuits. Each of the proposed dual-band lowpass–bandpass filters has a systematic design procedure when the lowpass and bandpass band responses are given separately. In addition, the proposed filters can provide rapid prediction through the use of ideal circuit simulations instead of full-wave simulations.

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the importance of compilations of research being both systematic and reflective. The general point about the importance of reflection is illustrated by describing how a specific approach to compiling research, SMART (Systematic Mapping and Analysis of Research Topographies), has been used. SMART is based on a pragmatic perspective. This entails an openness to different scientific research traditions. The pragmatic starting point also means that compilations of research are linked to questions about how society and democracy can be developed. In this article, we describe how the approach has been used to compile research on 1) inclusion and 2) teaching, respectively. Finally, the article discusses 1) the importance of compilations of research being both systematic and reflective 2) the question of how we should understand the increasing number of research reviews in the field of education science and 3) implications of the reasoning in the article for policy and practice.

Post-disaster temporary housing is one of the challenges of disaster preparedness in every country; because there is a basic need for sustainable, affordable, and efficient temporary housing. This study aims to evaluate the scientific products in post-disaster temporary housing, focusing on architecture and using scientometric methods and content analysis, systematic review, and co-occurrence of keywords techniques. The search is based on Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. After reviewing all 176 sources obtained by a systematic review, 71 full-text sources entered the evaluation phase. Illustrations and mapping resulting from the co-occurrence of data extracted from databases and maps from the co-authorship of countries and scholars were clustered and plotted using VOS Viewer software. The findings identified a total of 4 clusters in this field: the words "crisis management", "natural disasters", "sustainability development", "earthquake", "decision making" are among the most frequent, and words such as "vulnerability", "housing programs", "energy efficiency", "design" and "behavioral research" were among the keywords with low frequency. The countries of United States, Spain, Italy, Turkey, and Iran had the highest number of publications. Social, economic, and environmental factors with a frequency of 30%, 24% and 22% were the most studied factors among scientific products. The most used approaches were managerial and technical, with 54.41% and 32.83%. The findings of this study emphasize the need to pay attention to design, planning and behavioral sciences, and energy optimization in Iran and at global level, and start scientific production for architects and urban planners in future studies in disaster management planning, besides showing the limited role of architects in the process of temporary housing.

The article analyzes the scientific achievements and heritage of Anatoly Platonovich Abaimov, a well-known dendrologist and forester, who have made a great contribution to the study of larch Larix Mill. species in Siberia and the Far East, larch forests in the permafrost zone, as well as the features and patterns of the forest formation process in them. Anatoly P. Abaimov has substantiated the quantitative and qualitative morphological signs to distinguish larches Gmelin (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen.) and Cajander (L. cajanderi Mayr), described their ecological specialization and clinal geographical variability of morphological features, proved an introgressive hybridization between these larch species. He characterized in detail the forestry and taxation specificity, ecological functions and dynamics of Siberian larch formations under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. Anatoly P. Abaimov has marked the beginning of long-term Russian-Japanese cooperation in the field of assessing the global role of the permafrost forest ecosystems in the emission and absorption of greenhouse gases. The public and pedagogical activity of Anatoly P. Abaimov is characterized. A list of scientific papers and a list of dissertations defended under his supervision are given.

Sea Stars are one of the most incredible creatures in the coastal and open waters. In this study, 11 species of starfishes have been identified which belonging to six genera and five families in northern islands of Persian Gulf during May 2017 to September 2018. Among the species, Astropecten hemprichi (Müller & Troschel, 1842), Astropecten indicus (Döderlein, 1888), Astropecten polyacanthus polyacanthus (Muller and Troschel, 1842), Astropecten polyacanthus phragmorous (Muller and Troschel, 1842), Luidia hardwicki (Gray, 1840), Aquilonastra iranica (Mortensen, 1940), Linckia multifora (Lamarck, 1816), Culcita novaeguineae (Muller & Troschel, 1842) and Pentaceraster mammillatus (Audouin, 1826) have been reported in the past. The species of Aquilonastra watersi (O'Loughlin and Rowe, 2006) and Linckia laevigata (Linnaeus, 1758) are new recordsin the Persian Gulf.

The article provides information about the general classification of the Ferns department. It became known that the plants of the Ferns branch were studied and scientifically classified by Theophrastus from the beginning of the 16th century. Later Andrea Cesalpino, Carl Linnaeus, J.E. Smith, Bernhardin and others were developed taking into account morphological and anatomical features. In his five-volume Species of Filicum, Hooker described 2400 fern species in 63 genera and improved their taxonomy. In 2006, research botanists Alan R. Smith and Petra Koral at the University of Berkeley proposed a new classification based on molecular studies in addition to morphological data. Based on this division, ferns are divided into 4 classes: Psilotopsida; Equipetopside; Marathiopsida; At Polypodiopsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students who identify as LGBTQ continue to report feelings of being unsafe at school because of their sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression. Access to a gender and sexual diversity (GSD)‐inclusive curriculum and supportive teachers may positively improve the school climate for LGBTQ students, but these supports are often not included in STEM classrooms. One response is to ensure that STEM teachers are prepared to integrate GSD‐inclusive STEM teaching into their classrooms. This review systematically analyzed the literature on supporting and affirming GSD in K‐12 and higher education STEM education contexts. The 81 selected studies were qualitatively analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and epistemic network analysis, and the findings showed that GSD‐inclusive STEM education literature coheres around six highly related constructs: Heteronormativity, Social Justice, Epistemic Knowledge of Science and Inquiry, Identity, Embodiment, and GSD language. Identifying these constructs, and the connections among them, led to the generation of an operational framework of GSD‐inclusive STEM teaching that can inform and guide STEM teacher education programs and STEM teacher professional development to develop STEM educators' equity literacy around GSD to foster bias‐free, equitable, inclusive STEM classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient involvement in decision-making plays a prominent role in improving the quality of healthcare. Despite this, shared decision-making is not routinely implemented. However, electronic assessment tools that capture patients' history, symptoms, opinions and values prior to their medical appointment are used by healthcare professionals during patient consultations to facilitate shared decision-making. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of electronic assessment tools to improve the shared decision-making process. Method: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Published literature was searched on MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO to identify potentially relevant studies. Data were extracted and analysed narratively. Results: Seventeen articles, representing 4004 participants, were included in this review. The main findings were significant improvement in patient–provider communication and provider management of patient condition in the intervention group compared to the control group. In contrast, patient–provider satisfaction and time efficiency were assessed by relatively few included studies, and the effects of these outcomes were inconclusive. Conclusion: This review found that communication and healthcare professional's management of a patient's condition improves because of the use of electronic questionnaires. This is encouraging because the process of shared decision-making is reliant on high-quality communication between healthcare professionals and patients. Implications: We found that this intervention is especially important for people with chronic diseases, as they need to establish a long-term relationship with their healthcare provider and agree to a treatment plan that aligns with their values. More rigorous research with validated instruments is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the prevalence of dementia increases, the need for appropriately trained and skilled care teams also increases. Staff attitudes towards people living with dementia have a significant impact on caregiving behaviours and staff and resident outcomes. Training within care settings is a potential way of improving staff attitudes towards residents in their care. Objectives: This review aimed to (i) assess the effectiveness of psychosocial training in improving care staff attitudes towards dementia; and (ii) examine the content and focus of training. Method: The review was conducted following PRISMA guidance and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO prior to conducting the review. A comprehensive search of peer‐reviewed literature was undertaken using CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO from inception to March 2021. All papers were evaluated using a quality appraisal tool. Results: Ten studies met inclusion criteria and were of variable quality. However, six studies found significant improvements in staff attitudes towards dementia following staff training. The studies varied in terms of training focus and included behavioural, communication and cognitive‐based approaches. Conclusions: Staff training could be an effective method of improving staff attitudes towards dementia in care settings. Further research adopting high‐quality randomised controlled designs to further explore staff attitudes following psychosocial training would make a valuable contribution to the literature base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rivalry competitiveness, significant capital investments, and cultural diversity are defining the construction industry's evolving nature. Therefore, construction organizations have to manage their construction projects' relationships carefully. Construction management researchers have progressively recognized the intelligible link between Relationship Management and construction project performance. However, few studies structurally reviewed the precipitated progression in this topic. This paper follows a systematic approach to review the literature from reliable databases and prominent journals between 2000–2020 in topics associated with Relationship Management in construction projects. This investigation sets to identify the key characteristics, categorial dimensions, attributes, or enablers of relationship management in construction. More than 500 articles were explored in this systematic review by thorough keyword research, out of which 73 articles were found relevant to this topic where an explicit content analysis was carried out. The findings identified 18 key Relationship Management characteristics classified into four categories: Contract-related, Management-related, Team-related, and General characteristics. Project Managers are recommended to pay specific attention on investigated characteristics to strengthen relationships, promote collaboration, and thereby foster project performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There is growing evidence of a relationship between anti-seizure medication (ASM) use and the risk of dementia. This study examined this association using a meta-analysis approach. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for peer-reviewed observational studies published up to February 2023. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and an overall odds ratio (OR) was pooled using fixed or random-effects models. Results: The analysis included 9 publications with 10 studies. The results showed that overall ASM exposure was associated with an increased risk of dementia [OR: 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.15; P = 0.003] in general population. However, this association disappeared (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.97–1.07; P = 0.361) when the study data adjusted for drug indications were pooled. Subgroup analysis based on individual drugs found only a positive association among those exposed to valproate, carbamazepine, and clonazepam. Furthermore, an increased risk was found in patients with bipolar disorder exposed to ASMs (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07–1.92; P = 0.015). Conclusions: The statistically significant association between ASM and dementia in general population may be driven by unmeasured confounding or several individual first-generation ASMs. However, a higher risk of dementia was observed among bipolar disorder patients treated with ASMs. Given the few included studies and evidence of high heterogeneity, further larger, prospective studies that control for important confounders are needed to verify our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zerconid mites collected from East and West Azerbaijan provinces of Iran were evaluated from 2013–2017. Eleven Zercon and one Prozercon species were found based on the collected materials. Among them, Zercon ahadiyatisp. nov., Z. azerbaijanensissp. nov. and Z. tabrizensissp. nov. were distinguished as new species and described. Besides them, three species, including Z. agnostus, Z. andrei and Z. apladellus were recorded for the first time from the country. Also, an updated key and distribution map to the Iranian Zercon mites, including the new species, were given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of the study are to evaluate and synthesise research that has investigated social determinants of health screening by primary healthcare nurses; how and when primary health care nurses perform social determinants of health screening; and implications for advancing nursing practice. Systematic searches in electronic databases identified fifteen published studies which met the inclusion criteria. Studies were synthesised using reflexive thematic analysis. This review found little evidence of primary health care nurses using standardised social determinants of health screening tools. Eleven subthemes were identified and collapsed into three main themes: organisation and health system supports are required to enable primary health care nurses; primary health care nurses are often reluctant to perform social determinants of health screening; and the importance of interpersonal relationships for social determinants of health screening. The social determinants of health screening practices of primary health care nurses are poorly defined and understood. Evidence suggests that primary health care nurses are not routinely using standardised screening tools or other objective methods. Recommendations are made for valuing therapeutic relationships, social determinants of health education and the promotion of screening by health systems and professional bodies. Overall, further research examining the best social determinant of health screening method is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Norwegian Public Health Act (PHA) mandates municipalities to integrate a systematic, knowledge-based, cross-sectoral approach aimed at levelling the social gradient in health. This study aimed to describe and analyse how the intentions of the PHA are addressed in municipal plans and project-planning documents. A document analysis of municipal plans and project documents extracted from four municipalities in Central Norway was employed and complemented with deductive, qualitative content analysis. Findings indicate awareness of public health work as a whole-of-municipality responsibility. Systematic knowledge-based processes that make use of relevant data in planning and decision-making processes are described across municipality projects and plans. Multisectoral working groups are set up at a project level; however, opportunities for further improvements arise in respect to the anchor of these structures and systematic knowledge-based working procedures in the wider municipal context. Public health process aims (systematic knowledge-based approach, cross-sectoral governance) receive more attention than outcome aims (health equity) in both program documents and municipal plans. Only very rarely does the document hold operationalizations of how to achieve health equity. As such, effort placed on cross-administrative levels and sectors to promote structures for health equity is still needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Guillain- Barré syndrome (GBS) is a neuropathic condition that leads to the rapid development of impairments and is characterized by weakness and numbness or tingling sensation in the legs and arms and sometimes loss of movement and feeling in the legs, arms, upper body, and face. Currently, the cure for the disease is yet to be developed. However, treatment options such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PE) have been used to minimize the symptoms and duration of the disease. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis compared the efficacy of IVIG and PE in treating GBS patients with severe symptoms. Methodology: Six electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Medline, and Google scholar, were scoured for articles related and relevant to our research. Additionally, more studies were obtained through the reference lists of the studies retrieved from these electronic databases. Quality assessment and statistical data analysis were conducted using Review Manager software (RevMan 5.4.1). Results: The search for relevant articles resulted in 3253 articles, of which only 20 were included for review in the current study. A sub-group analysis indicated no significant difference in the curative effect (Hughes score reduces by at least one score 4 weeks after GBS treatment; OR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.66–1.52; p = 1.00 and Achieving grade 0 or 1 on Hughes scale; OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.27–3.94; p = 0.97). Similarly, the statistical showed that the difference in length of hospitalization and duration of mechanical ventilation was insignificant between the IVIG and PE group (Standard Mean Difference (SMD): -0.45; 95% CI: −0.92, 0.02; I2 = 91%; p = 0.06 and SMD: -0.54; 95% CI: −1.67, 0.59; I2 = 93%; p = 0.35, respectively). Moreover, the meta-analysis did not find any significant difference in the risk of GBS relapse (RR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.20–1.14; p = 0.10) and risk of complications related to the treatment regimens (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.71–1.48; p = 0.89). However, the statistical analysis of outcomes from 3 studies showed that the risk of discontinuation was significantly lower in the IVIG group than in the PE group (RR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.06–0.88; p = 0.03). Conclusion: Our study suggests that IVIG and PE have similar curative effects. Similarly, IVIG seems easier to use and thus can be preferred for treating GBS.

Purpose: Short implants have been considered as an alternative to regular implants even where native bone is potentially adequate. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of implant length on its survival. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search of randomized controlled trials and prospective studies was performed using the PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Meta-regression analysis determined the effect of the length on the implant survival rate. Results: Sixty-six studies comprising 4,525 implants were included in the meta-regression analysis. Overall, for each additional 1 mm of length, the survival rate was increased by 0.42 percentage points (P = .056). In the maxilla, an additional 1 mm in length implied 0.68 percentage points more in the rate (P < .001), while in the mandible, statistical significance was not reached. Eventually, the implant survival rate in the 3- to 5-year period was strongly affected by the length of the implants in the maxilla, since it increased by 2% for each additional 1 mm of length. Conclusion: In the presence of adequate native bone, placement of longer/regular-sized implants should be chosen over placement of short implants in the maxilla. However, in a posterior mandible, short implants offer a judicious alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to contribute to the recent distribution and systematic classification of Zygaenidae (Lepidoptera) in 12 provinces in the Aegean, eastern Anatolia, and Thrace regions of Türkiye, with the records obtained from May 2020 to September 2021. Specimens were collected or photographed at 49 out of 132 localities. Twenty Zygaenidae species from five genera belonging to Procridinae and Zygaeninae subfamilies were recorded: Theresimima Strand, 1917 (1 species), Rhagades Wallengren, 1863 (1 species), Adscita Retzius, 1783 (1 species), Jordanita Verity, 1946 (5 species), and Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 (12 species). Zygaena (Zygaena) ephialtes (Linnaeus, 1767) was recorded again nearly 200 years later since after Herrich-Schäffer’s first record in 1845. Zygaena (Mesembrynus) lydia Staudinger, 1887 endemic to Türkiye, was also recorded in this study. In addition, new localities of Zygaena (Agrumenia) armena Eversman, 1851, which is known only in Türkiye and Georgia, were also recorded from the Ardahan province in the eastern Anatolia region of Türkiye.

Objective: To determine whether the acute co-consumption of ethanol and synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) increases the risk of a motor vehicle collision and affects the psychomotor performances relevant for driving. Design: Systematic review of the literature. Data sources: Electronic searches were performed in two databases, unrestricted by year, with previously set method and criteria. Search, inclusion and data extraction were performed by two blind authors. Results: Twenty articles were included, amounting to 31 cases of SCs-ethanol coconsumption. The impairment of psychomotor functions varied widely between studies, ranging from no reported disabilities to severe unconsciousness. Overall, a dose-effect relationship could not be observed. Conclusion: Despite the biases and limitations of the literature studies, it seems likely that the co-consumption poses an increased risk for driving. The drugs might exert a synergistic effect on the central nervous system depression, as well as on aggressiveness and mood alterations. However, more research is needed on the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Phylogenomics have been widely used to resolve ambiguous and controversial evolutionary relationships among plant species and genera, and the identification of unique indels in plastomes may even help to understand the evolution of some plant families. Menispermum L. (Menispermaceae) consists of three species, M. dauricum DC., M. canadense L., and M. mexicanum Rose, which are disjuncly distributed among East Asia, Eastern North America and Mexico. Taxonomists continue to debate whether M. mexicanum is a distinct species, a variety of M. dauricum, or simply a synonym of M. canadense. To date, no molecular systematics studies have included this doubtful species in phylogenetic analyses. Methods: In this study, we examined phylogenomics and phylogeography of Menispermum across its entire range using 29 whole plastomes of Menispermaceae and 18 ITS1&ITS2 sequences of Menispermeae. We reconstructed interspecific relationships of Menispermum and explored plastome evolution in Menispermaceae, revealing several genomic hotspot regions for the family. Results and discussion: Phylogenetic and network analyses based on whole plastome and ITS1&ITS2 sequences show that Menispermum clusters into two clades with high support values, Clade A (M. dauricum) and Clade B (M. canadense + M. mexicanum). However, M. mexicanum is nested within M. canadense and, as a result, we support that M. mexicanum is a synonym of M. canadense. We also identified important molecular variations in the plastomes of Menispermaceae. Several indels and consequently premature terminations of genes occur in Menispermaceae. A total of 54 regions were identified as the most highly variable plastome regions, with nucleotide diversity (Pi) values > 0.05, including two coding genes (matK, ycf1), four introns (trnK intron, rpl16 intron, rps16 intron, ndhA intron), and 48 intergenic spacer (IGS) regions. Of these, four informative hotspot regions (trnH-psbA, ndhF-rpl32, trnK-rps16, and trnP-psaJ) should be especially useful for future studies of phylogeny, phylogeography and conservation genetics of Menispermaceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to summarize the current evidence regarding the role of the Rafaelo procedure in the management of hemorrhoidal disease (HD). Methods: This study was based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was performed (Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Web of Science) from inception to 25/09/2022. Grey literature databases were also reviewed. The primary endpoint was the pooled complications rate of the Rafaelo procedure in patients with HD. Secondary endpoints included short- (bleeding, pain, thrombosis, necrosis, urinary retention, fever, oedema, anal fissure, and readmission) and long-term (stenosis, meteorism, constipation, anal tags, anal hyposensibility, reoperation, and recurrence) postoperative complication rates. Both prospective and retrospective studies were considered. Quality evaluation was performed via the ROBINS-I tool. Certainty of Evidence was based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Results: Overall, 6 non-randomized studies and 327 patients were included. The overall complication rate was 17.6% (95% CI 8.8–26.3%). Short-term complications were bleeding (7.5%, 95% CI 2.5–12.5%), thrombosis (2.2%, 95% CI 0.4–4.8%), and pain (1.6%, 95% CI 0.2–3.3%). Reoperation and recurrence rates were 1.8% (95% CI 0.3–3.4%) and 4.8% (95% CI 1.2–8.4%), respectively. A significant improvement in the presenting symptoms was noted. Method approval and patient satisfaction rates were 89.1% (95% CI 81.7–96.6%) and 95% (95% CI 89.8–100%), correspondingly. Overall CoE was "Very Low". Conclusions: Further randomized controlled trials are required to delineate the exact role of the Rafaelo procedure in HD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]