101. The nationwide epidemiological survey of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Japan, 2016-2018
- Author
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Hirotaka Ochiai, Yuma Sunaga, Mikiko Tohyama, Hirohiko Sueki, Riichiro Abe, Hiroaki Azukizawa, Kenji Kabashima, Yuko Watanabe, Hideo Asada, Yoshiko Mizukawa, Saeko Nakajima, Akatsuki Kokaze, Yukie Yamaguchi, Hiroki Mieno, Hideo Hashizume, Chie Sotozono, Michiko Aihara, Hiroyuki Niihara, Natsumi Hama, Hayato Takahashi, Eishin Morita, Takashi Nomura, Manabu Ohyama, Michiko Kurosawa, Hideaki Watanabe, and Mayumi Ueta
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Dermatology ,Biochemistry ,Severity of Illness Index ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Japan ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Mortality ,Molecular Biology ,Glucocorticoids ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,Mean age ,Stevens johnson ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Toxic epidermal necrolysis ,stomatognathic diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Steroid therapy ,Treatment Outcome ,Underlying disease ,Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ,Steroid pulse ,Female ,business - Abstract
Background Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). The first national epidemiological survey of SJS/TEN was carried out in 2008. We conducted a new survey to identify changes from the previous survey. Objective The present survey aimed to estimate the number of SJS/TEN patients in Japan between 2016 and 2018 (primary survey) and to clarify clinical epidemiological profiles (secondary survey). Methods A primary survey asking for numbers of SJS/TEN patients during the study period was sent to 1205 institutions nationwide. A secondary survey was sent to institutions reporting SJS/TEN patients, seeking detailed information. Results Yearly prevalence per million was 2.5 for SJS and 1 for TEN. The secondary survey allowed analysis of 315 SJS cases and 174 TEN cases from 160 institutions. Mean age was 53.9 years in SJS, and 61.8 years in TEN. Mortality rate was 4.1 % for SJS and 29.9 % for TEN. In TEN, mean age and mortality rates had increased from the previous survey. The ratio of expected to observed mortality calculated by SCORTEN score was lowest with high-dose steroid therapy (0.40), followed by steroid pulse therapy (0.52). Conclusion The present findings suggest that the mortality rate of TEN has increased because of increases in mean ages of patients and patients with malignant neoplasm as underlying disease. When comparing the ratio of expected mortality to actual mortality, high-dose steroid therapy achieved the greatest reduction in mortality.
- Published
- 2020