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En este artículo se presenta un novedoso método de predicción espacio-temporal de variables de balance hídrico en el humedal de la cuenca del río Urama, Venezuela. La metodología consta de dos etapas: 1. Compilación de información utilizando datos meteorológicos de precipitación y evaporación de 73 estaciones climáticas; imágenes Landsat y modelo de elevación digital para la cuenca en estudio. 2. Procesamiento de información: a) modelización de predicción estadística espacial; b) modelo de pronóstico; y, c) pronóstico de series temporales de variables de balance hídrico. La ventaja del método está en utilizar datos para pronosticar variables de balance hídrico mediante modelos de predicción estadística espacial seleccionando aquellas con tendencias estacionales que se aproximan a las observaciones. Se obtuvieron coeficientes de correlación mayores que 0.99, indicando predicciones satisfactorias, por lo que el método, es adecuado para reproducir el perfil espacio-temporal de períodos futuros para ser aplicados en gestión sostenible de humedales.

This study aims to describe: (1) the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the teaching materials developed based on expert validators. practitioners, as well as based on the implementation of teaching materials; 2) To describe the improvement of students' mathematical reasoning abilities by using teaching materials with a metacognition approach; This research is a development research conducted in two stages, namely the first stage of developing learning tools through the metacognition approach using the Dick & Carey development model and the second stage of testing teaching materials based on the metacognition approach developed in classes VIII-1 and VIII-4 MTs Hifzhil Qur. 'an Medan. (1) the developed teaching materials meet the valid and effective criteria based on the expert validator and practitioner assessment; and effective based on classical completeness, student responses, and the ability of teachers to manage learning; (2) in the first trial there was an increase in mathematical reasoning abilities using the teaching materials developed in the low category, namely 0.24 and in the second trial there was an increase in mathematical reasoning abilities using the teaching materials developed in the medium category, which was 0.52.

This paper studies the design of position auctions when bidders have multi-unit demands for advertising positions. I propose an ascending clock auction with two stages: allocation stage and assignment stage. The allocation stage determines the quantity of positions assigned to each advertiser using a generalized version of the Ausubel (2004) auction under the context of differentiated items. The assignment stage determines the ranking of advertisements using a generalized version of the generalized English auction under the context of multi-unit demands. I show that this two-stage ascending clock auction dynamically implements the VCG outcome in an ex post perfect equilibrium under pure private values.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global death. Hypercholesterolemia is among the main risk factors for developing cardiovascular events, and is highly prevalent in the Mexican population. The primary objective of the present work was to assess the effect of a dietary portfolio (DP) with functional foods containing dehydrated nopal, soy protein, chia seeds, inulin, and oats in LDL-C and TC concentrations of subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. Also, we explored the changes in the profile of the lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR).Sixty-two subjects (47 women, 15 men) with mild hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C, ≥130 ≤ 190 mg/dL, TC 200 mg/dL) completed the randomized, parallel, controlled study. The dietary intervention was given in two stages. First, a dietary standardization stage with a low saturated fat diet (LSFD) which matched the habitual energy intake of the volunteers for 2-weeks, followed by 2.5 months of dietary intervention with a LSFD plus placebo (PL) or DP.Subjects who consumed the LSFD + DP interventions had a significantly higher reduction of LDL-C (-18.05%, P = 0.003) and TC (-17.08%, P = 0.02) compared to volunteers who consumed an LSFD for the same period. Furthermore, the lipoprotein subclass profiling showed that the small low-density-lipoproteins, and the small high-density-lipoproteins significantly decreased (P = 0.04, P 0.001, respectively), conveying a less atherogenic state. At the end of the study, 78% of the subjects who consumed LSFD + DP reduced their LDL-C below 160 mg/dL, and of these, 47% reduced it below 130 mg/dL.Based on the results obtained from this study, the inclusion of functional foods as part of the lifestyle modifications is recommended to treat mild hypercholesterolemia and reduce cardiovascular risk. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT04148976.

O estresse é uma condição muito comum na sociedade, principalmente em estudantes do ensino superior onde se assola muitas dificuldades durante o curso, e ainda, ocorrendo constantemente pode acarretar várias comorbidades, não somente em estudantes, mas em vários indivíduos que continuamente sofrem por situações de estresse em seus cotidianos. Assim, dividiu-se o estresse em duas etapas: a Síndrome de Adaptação Geral, que pode ser explicada como um conjunto de respostas imprecisas de defesa e de Adaptação Orgânica ao Causador, onde é dividida em três partes, que são as fases do estresse, Fase de Alarme ou Alerta, Resistência e Exaustão. Este trabalho tem o quesito principal de investigar a incidência e a influência do grau de estresse nas possíveis alterações bioquímicas, hematológicas e imunológicas em alunos universitários por meio de revisão bibliográfica, buscando então por meios de artigos científicos disponibilizados em diversas bases de dados. A observação dos estudos selecionados foi realizada de forma descritiva, facilitando analisar, computar, descrever e classificar os dados, com a intenção de reunir o conhecimento produzido sobre o tema e estimular um panorama holístico sobre como as situações de estresse são capazes de possibilitarem alterações bioquímicas e hematológicas, tornando mais propícia a diminuição da qualidade de vida de um indivíduo

We examine the association between height and entrepreneurship in 27 nations, finding that the relationship between height and entrepreneurship can be considered to be a two-stage process. During the first stage, individuals make the decision of whether or not to try to set up their own business. At this stage, the effect of height is stronger: each 10-cm increase in height is associated with an approximately 1.4 percentage point increase in the probability of having tried to set up a business. During the second stage, after a positive decision to embark upon entrepreneurship has already been taken, people may find success in setting up their business. At this stage, although taller individuals are still more likely to experience success than their shorter counterparts, the effect of height becomes much weaker. Each 10-cm increase in height is associated with an approximately 0.4 percentage point increase in the probability of having tried to set up a business without success, and an approximately 0.4 percentage point increase in the likelihood of having set up a business in which the respondent is no longer involved, or that is no longer operational. Finally, each 10-cm increase in height is associated with an approximately 1 percentage point increase in the probability of remaining an entrepreneur. At the same time, we found that the effect of height is stronger in magnitude than the effects of gender, health and university education. This finding is remarkable insofar as gender, health and university education are usually considered to be the main determinants of entrepreneurship.

Experimental research to determine broiler chicken meatballs' protein content with oyster mushrooms was carried out for two months, from September to October 2020. The study was divided into two stages, namely the preparation stage and the research stage. The preparation stage was making meatball dough with four levels of adding oyster mushrooms which were carried out in the Animal Science Laboratory of UNW Mataram. The research stage was to analyze the protein content of meatball samples in INMT Laboratory of UNRAM. The research stage was to analyze the protein based on AOAC (2005). The experimental design, namely CRD, consisted of four treatments: the addition of oyster mushrooms from the weight of broiler meats and three replications. The variable measured was the protein content of the meatball. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD test. The results showed that oyster mushrooms to broiler chicken meatballs had a significant effect on protein content. The addition of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) is inversely proportional to broiler chicken meatballs' protein content. The highest protein content (5.37%) on broiler chicken meatballs with the addition of oyster mushrooms there is an addition of oyster mushrooms as much as 10% of the weight of broiler chicken meat

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar as tendências tecnológicas presentes no interior de duas propostas curriculares nacionais do ensino médio: as Orientações Educacionais Complementares aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (PCN+) e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Para atingir tal fim, foi feita a utilização das técnicas de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin, que contou com duas etapas: a primeira etapa visando a enumeração das frequências dos termos ligados ao radical tecno (tecnologia e tecnológico) em ambos os documentos; e a segunda, almejando a categorização das tendências encontradas a partir da análise de suas respectivas unidades de contexto. Os resultados demonstram uma quantidade de 147 unidades de contextos nos PCN+ em comparação com 30 da BNCC. Dentre as unidades de contexto, seis tendências tecnológicas foram identificadas nos PCN+ enquanto na BNCC apenas cinco destas. Ainda assim, é possível considerá-las como tendências essenciais no processo de Alfabetização Científico-Tecnológica. Palavras-chave: Tendências tecnológicas; Alfabetização Científico-Tecnológica; Ciências Naturais.

The present study focuses on the perceived stress in 353 parents, whose Children with Intellectual disability underwent training in special education schools of (Bavitha Readiness Centres), Chittoor dist., Andhra Pradesh. The overall perceived stress (scale) score was measured through family assessment scheduled (FAS) developed by NIMHANS. The concerned mean scores were computed and compared at two stages of special training given to children i.e., at the time of joining and after two years of training with a paired t-test of significance. The overall findings reveal that the overall score, as well as its four sub–scales score of parent’s perceived stress, have been reduced after providing 2 years of special training to their Children with Intellectual disability as compared to joining the school (training).

Leachate produced in municipal solid waste landfills is known to have very high concentrations of organic and inorganic pollution substances that could contaminate the surrounding. Degradation of leachate pollutants by coagulation was done conventionally by using single chemical coagulation. The application of natural coagulants, together with electrocoagulation (EC) is still at an uncertain stage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of two stages of coagulation (TSC) consisting of coagulation (tapioca starch coagulant) and EC in removing colour and ammonia nitrogen from stabilising leachate under the influence of dose, leachate pH, duration, and electric current. Coagulation of tapioca starch without EC, removed 24% and 18% of colour and ammonia nitrogen, respectively. However, combining EC with coagulation at the optimum duration (20 minutes), a dose of TF (2.5 g/L), leachate pH (7), and electric current (0.15 A) achieved 37% and 61% removal of colour and ammonia nitrogen, respectively. The enhancement of colour and ammonia nitrogen were recorded by TSC. Therefore, TSC is proven able to improve colour and ammonia nitrogen removal from stabilised leachate.

The article considers the impact of changing training aids during weight training in the gym, without changing the amount of load and intensity. The study involved twenty-eight visitors to the gyms of the city of Kharkov, from 18 to 32 years and experience of one year. The study was conducted in two stages, the duration of each was 2 months. The control group was engaged without changing the exercises, and the experimental group with changing the exercises in the second stage. The volume and intensity of the load did not differ between the groups. Results. Anthropometric indicators were studied at the beginning and end of the second stage of the study. The equipment used Tanita RD 545 scales, an application for the My tanita mobile device, and an elastic band for measuring circles. The experimental group improved their results in the following indicators: body weight, fat percentage, muscle mass, shoulder circumference, chest and thigh circumference. At the end of the study, the experimental group surpassed the control group as a result of the following indicators: body weight, fat percentage, and muscle mass. The results of the circles of the muscle groups at the end of the study did not differ between the groups. Conclusions. Changing such factors of training influence as exercises has a positive effect on the result of fitness training in the gym. Despite the invariability of the amount of load and its intensity, the change in exercises led the participants of the experimental group to a significant improvement in performance, both in comparison with the beginning of the study and in comparison with the control group.

Citrus peels are considered as an agricultural waste with negative environmental impacts. In the present study, yellow (ripe) and green (unripe) Citrus reticulata peels were dried in a hot air impi...

Gamification is a concept of game element that is applied to non-game contexts, Helpdesk is an IT (Information Technology) section. It is first contacted by a user when someone has questions or problems related to IT services. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta as a tertiary institution also has a help desk facilities as the tools to solve problems related to IT service. Based on study, the problem that common occurs is, the user is aware of the helpdesk service facilities on campus, but they prefer to make complaints directly to the relevant division. The concept of gamification with elements of points, badges, levels, leaderboard, and rewards is applied to the helpdesk system through the RAD (Rapid Application Development) development method. The method of evaluating the helpdesk system is done in two stages, first pre-test and second post-test. It through two application which is game based helpdesk and non-game based help desk applications. Using Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat (IKM) as the calculation method of gamification helpdesk and End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) as an indicator service of the IKM that will be tested.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency in aqueous solutions in the ultrasonic (US), K2S2O8, and US/K2S2O8 systems was investigated. The free radical generation and action ratio were studied based on variations of K2S2O8 concentration, ultrasonic power, pH, and the addition of isopropanol (ISP) or tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in the US/K2S2O8 system. The results showed that under conditions of 20 mg·L−1 CIP concentration, 20 mmol·L−1 K2S2O8 concentration, an ultrasonic power of 360 W and pH = 7, CIP removal efficiency in the US/K2S2O8 system was 92.20% after 180 min. The reaction in the US/K2S2O8 system was explicitly divided into two stages: free radical generation and pollutants degradation. The ultrasonic and chain reaction facilitated enhanced generation of SO4−• and HO•. The presence of K2S2O8 can promote HO• generation and K2S2O8 concentration also exerted a significant effect on SO4−• generation, however, high concentrations were not beneficial to the reaction. Quenching reactions occurred under high concentrations of HO• and SO4−•. During the initial stage of the reaction, HO• played a more prominent role than SO4−•, however, the role of SO4−• gradually increased as the reaction proceeded and eventually surpassed HO•. HIGHLIGHTS The pollutants degradation process in the US/K2S2O8 system was explicitly divided into free radical generation stage and degradation stage.; The free radical generation mechanism and the interaction between HO• and SO4−• were investigated in detail.; Evading the difficulty of HO• and SO4−• in-situ determination, the ratio of HO•, SO4−• and other actions were calculated, the correctness of the mechanism was proved.

Summary Influential on women's sexual behavior and function, pregnancy plays a significant role along with intimacy in health, quality of life, and well-being. This phenomenon, in turn, is influenced by psychological, physiological, and marital relations as well as sociocultural effects. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the roles of women's sexual satisfaction and intimacy after pregnancy and childbirth. In order to examine this goal, eight-month pregnant women in Shiraz, Iran, were selected during 2017 and 2018 for descriptive and causal-comparative analysis. Data were collected at two stages during pregnancy and eight months after delivery and measured using the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ; Larson et al., 1998 ) and the Marital Intimacy Needs Questionnaire ( Bagarozzi, 1997 ). The data analyses reported descriptive and inferential statistics. The outcome of the current research has shown that sexual intimacy, physical intimacy, and aesthetic intimacy were significantly different between pregnancy phase (higher scores) and after delivery. Additionally, sexual satisfaction was rated significantly different pre and post-delivery, which can indicate that women and their sexual partners should be aware of the impact of healthy sexual intimacy during and after childbirth.

Objectives There has been considerable controversy concerning the health risks and benefits of using mercury-containing amalgam. This study aimed to evaluate the Turkish dentists’ and patients’ preference and opinion about amalgam and to assess Internet search trends about amalgam. Methods The study consists of three stages. The first two stages of the study are cross-sectional studies to verify both the patients’ perception with amalgam restorations and dentists’ attitudes regarding the use of dental amalgam. The third stage of the study evaluated the Internet search trends of Turkish people about mercury and amalgam related concerns between 2004 and 2018. Results A total of 320 patients (180 female, 140 male) and 1,211 dentists (533 female, 678 male) participated in this study. Majority of the patients have no idea about the type of dental restorations and effect of dental materials on their health. 188 (58.8%) participants stated that they would not prefer amalgam restoration in their teeth as amalgam is unaesthetic. A total of 24% (291) of the dentists used amalgam routinely; 9.5% (156) of them used amalgam rarely, and 63.1% (764) did not use amalgam at all. The reason for not using amalgam included the patients’ desire and unaesthetic properties. According to the Internet search trends, Turkish people do not know as much about amalgam as people in the rest of the world. Conclusion Awareness about dental amalgam is low among patients studied. Although dentists do not use dental amalgam frequently, they disagree on banning dental amalgam.

The maturation stage of Cucumis sativus is among the important factors affecting its composition and quality. Hence, this study monitored the differences in total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, pigment and colour of Keningau-grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) at two stages of maturities, namely the semi-ripe (SR) and ripe (R). The colourimetric and spectroscopic findings revealed significant differences in the assessed variables (P < 0.05) in the two growth stages except for the pigment. The colour of semi-ripe cucumbers was of lower L* (33.39 ± 4.26) and a* (−10.00 ± 1.74) mean values, while the ripe cucumbers registered the corresponding mean values of 36.71 ± 2.85 and −8.90 ± 1.85. R cucumbers gave a higher mean b* coordinate (16.38 ± 3.16) over the SR ones (14.52 ± 2.52). Compositions of pigments, namely, chlorophyll-a (SR: 4.86 ±0.01 μg/mL, R: 3.55 ± 0.00 μg/mL), chlorophyll-b (SR: 2.12 ± 0.02 μg/mL, R: 1.79, 0.02 μg/mL) and total chlorophyll were higher in SR (6.98 ± 0.02 μg/mL) than R ( 5.34 ± 0.02 μg/mL) cucumbers, except for the composition of carotenoids (SR: 0.82 ± 0.01 μg/mL, R: 1.78 ± 0.01 μg/mL). The TPC in SR was higher (424.21± 5.32 mg/g) than the R ones (185.51±4.62 mg/g), with the corresponding antioxidant activity (IC50) for SR and R at 157.98 ± 1.57 and 191.66 ± 2.58 μg/mL, respectively. TPC and antioxidant activity between the SR and R cucumbers were negatively correlated (−0.992), which meant that not all phenolic compounds were involved in free radical scavenging.

O objetivo geral do artigo é investigar na literatura científica o uso do conhecimento produzido pela ciência da informação internacional por pesquisadores das demais áreas científicas. A pesquisa é realizada em duas etapas. Os dados analisados na primeira etapa são provenientes de uma análise de citações a artigos da área de ciência da informação do cenário internacional publicados entre 1997 e 2016 e presentes na Web of Science. Na segunda etapa, com o objetivo de determinar o tipo de relação (multi, inter ou transdisciplinar) estabelecida entre as citações de outras disciplinas e a ciência da informação, é realizada análise quantitativa em uma amostra não-probabilística por conveniência de 15% das citações de outras disciplinas a trabalhos provenientes da ciência da informação internacional identificados na primeira etapa. Ainda na amostra utilizada na segunda etapa, para os trabalhos das citações que apresentam propriedades indicativas de serem pesquisas construídas a base de uma relação interdisciplinar, é realizada uma análise qualitativa para determinar se elas são de natureza uni, inter, multi ou transdisciplinar. Como principais resultados destacam-se: a observação de uma tendência de crescimento das citações dos trabalhos internacionais da área pelas demais áreas do conhecimento científico, esse fato pode demonstrar que a ciência da informação internacional tem avançado teórica e metodologicamente de modo sistemático nesses últimos 20 anos; a verificação de uma expressiva utilização do conhecimento da ciência da informação internacional pelas demais áreas do conhecimento, indicando uma potencial relação interdisciplinar de outras disciplinas com a ciência da informação internacional. Entretanto, esta potencial relação interdisciplinar não é confirmada pela análise quanti-qualitativa realizada na segunda etapa da pesquisa.

This study aims to determine the implementation of the Principal's leadership in developing Al-Qur'an learning management that has been implemented in SMP Negeri 8 Yogyakarta City. The output of learning the Qur'an which makes the majority of students of SMP Negeri 8 Yogyakarta City able to read the Qur'an well, even some students are able to memorize the Qur'an up to 2 juz is something that is interesting to study. This research uses a qualitative approach. Participants in this study were the Principal, Islamic religious teachers and teachers of the Qur'an. The techniques used in data collection were done by using interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out in two stages; (1) research in the field, the analysis results in this first stage are in the form of temporary conclusions obtained from the results of observations and document studies using the inductive analysis model. The conclusion data obtained in the first stage of analysis is then developed in the second stage of analysis, namely analysis after data collection. At this stage, all data were analyzed inductively by using descriptive qualitative research. The conclusion of this study shows that the Principal can develop the management of learning the Qur'an well.

Sangalang Hapakat Oyster Mushroom Farmers Group is a farmer group specializes in developing oyster mushrooms in Tanjung Sangalang Village, Central Kahayan District, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. This farmer group has nine members, which currently sell seeds, baglogs, and oyster mushrooms to the community. To diversify oyster mushroom products and the knowledge of the group is still needed for oyster mushroom post-harvest processing training. Therefore, this service aims to provide training in oyster mushroom processing in product diversification to maximize the benefits obtained. The activity is divided into two stages: processing oyster mushrooms and online marketing of oyster mushroom products. The processing of oyster mushrooms into commercial food products has been successfully carried out at the Sangalang Hapakat Oyster Mushroom Farmers Group, Tanjung Sangalang Village. All farmer groups, especially mothers, can process oyster mushrooms into home food or commercial use. The products produced from this training are crispy mushrooms, mushroom satay, risoles, and shredded mushrooms. Besides, online marketing training provides knowledge to farmer groups in selling their products on various online market platforms and social media. The village's condition, which still has difficulties with internet access, has made the results of this online marketing training less optimal; however, the farmer groups have been able to market their mushroom products online.

Introduction. The problem of changing the specific qualitative characteristics of the tear film in computer display users, who operate gadgets, is still little studied that explains the relevance of this investigation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the indicators of the tear film depending on the different durations of using gadgets. Materials and methods. We examined 311 people (622 eyes) aged 18 to 48 years, on average (29 ± 0.56). Among them there were 205 women (65%) and 106 men (35%), who used electronic devices from 1 to 6 hours during the working day. The study had two stages: at I stage we analyzed the tear film without the influence of computer load; at II stage we analyzed the changes in the tear film depending on the time of using gadgets. Results. In the group of people who operated computers for 1 hour, the thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film was found out in 70% of participants, and the stability indicators of the NIBUT tear film were disturbed in 57%. 2 hours of operating computers resulted in thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film by 86%, and the number of cases with a disturbance of the tear films stability also increased to 67%. After 4 hours of operating computers, thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film was diagnosed in 95% of the participants, the number of cases with impaired tear film stability increased significantly up to 91%. More than 6 hours of computer operating caused a thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film in all participants (100%), and severe impairment of the tea film stability was also found out in all participants. Conclusion. Depending on the duration of operating electronic devices, moderate or severe changes in the quality of the lipid layer of the tear film and disturbances in the stability of the tear film have been found out to occur.

In the present study, the studies conducted on educational games between 1965 and 2019 were analyzed to determine the trends in research based on the year of publication, topic, publication type, country, target audience and the concepts included in the study title. In the study, 7141 studies that were accessed with "educational games" keyword on the ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) database were analyzed. The abstract data were classified by a software developed by the authors for analysis and the analysis was conducted in two stages. First, the studies on educational games were examined as a group, and then the most studied topics were analyzed separately. The study findings demonstrated that the number of studies on educational games was the highest in 2016 and the prominent topics included instructional methods, learning activities, simulations, and classroom activities. It was determined that digital games were investigated as a type of educational games extensively in studies conducted since 2000, the major type of publication was journal articles, and Australia was the leading country in publications. It was determined that practitioners were the major audience until 2000, and the studies on teachers were prominent since. It was determined that the most frequent concepts in study titles included learning, instruction, simulation, school, game-based, design, computer, science, and mathematics and games, respectively.

In this paper we propose and test a staged knapsack model to create a supplier portfolio for retailers. The first two stages in the model use judgement criteria related to supplier characteristics ...

Cipaganti Great Mosque by C. P. Wolff Schoemaker was built in 1933. Data related to this mosque was lost along with a fire that occurred in C. P. Wolff Schoemaker's house in 1948, while the mosque building has changed considerably compared to the original building. Responding to this problem, this study is conducted to reveal the origin form of Cipaganti Great Mosque, so that the results of this study are expected to help the process of inventory of cultural heritage buildings in Bandung City and to be a reference in conservation activities, especially related to the Cipaganti Great Mosque in the future. This qualitative research was carried out through two stages, starting from the data collection followed by the data verification to obtain building data from the Cipaganti Great Mosque. This study revealed that in designing the mass of the building, C. P. Wolff Schoemaker used modules of 2.5 m and 3 m in the floor plan design, while the dominance of the 1.5 m module was also seen in the height of the building mass. The mosque building was also designed symmetry as the work of C. P. Wolff Schoemaker in general.

The use of a complex fi lter for water treatment is proposed for the fi rst time. The complex fi lter includes two layers. The fi rst layer along the course of the water should be loading for mechanical cleaning, the second - for softening (ion exchange). Cleaning can be one- or two-stage. For research, water was used from three wells in the Samara region. In the course of the work, two stages of laboratory research were carried out, on the basis of which the best fi ltering load was determined. The calculation of the total and working exchange capacity has been made. A technical and economic comparison of cleaning methods was carried out. The results of the work performed were summed up, proposals were made for the rational use of installations and the prospects for the development of the work in the future were determined.

Objective The aim of this study was to present new combination of algorithms for rhythm analysis during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in automated external defibrillators (AED), called Analyze Whilst Compressing (AWC), designed for decreasing pre-shock pause and early stopping of chest compressions (CC) for treating refibrillation. Methods Two stages for AED rhythm analysis were presented, namely, “Standard Analysis Stage” (conventional shock-advisory analysis run over 5 s after CC interruption every two minutes) and “AWC Stage” (two-step sequential analysis process during CPR). AWC steps were run in presence of CC (Step1), and if shockable rhythm was detected then a reconfirmation step was run in absence of CC (Step2, analysis duration 5 s). Results In total 16,057 ECG strips from 2916 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients treated with AEDs (DEFIGARD TOUCH7, Schiller Medical, France) were subjected patient-wise to AWC training (8559 strips, 1604 patients) and validation (7498 strips, 1312 patients). Considering validation results, “Standard Analysis Stage” presented ventricular fibrillation (VF) sensitivity Se = 98.3% and non-shockable rhythm specificity Sp>99%; “AWC Stage” decision after Step2 reconfirmation achieved Se = 92.1%, Sp>99%. Conclusion AWC presented similar performances to other AED algorithms during CPR, fulfilling performance goals recommended by standards. AWC provided advances in the challenge for improving CPR quality by: (i) not interrupting chest compressions for prevalent part of non-shockable rhythms (66–83%); (ii) minimizing pre-shock pause for 92.1% of VF patients. AWC required hands-off reconfirmation in 34.4% of cases. Reconfirmation was also common limitation of other reported algorithms (25.7–100%) although following different protocols for triggering chest compression resumption and shock delivery.

In this work, the influence of rolling ratios on microstructural changes and corrosion behavior of an as-rolled Mg-8 wt.%Li alloy in 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution has been investigated. It revealed that with the rolling ratio being increased from 3 to 10, the α-Mg phases were elongated and fragmented, whilst the area fraction of exposed β-Li phases increased. Meanwhile, the corrosion performance of the alloy decreased with the increased rolling ratios. For all the samples, their corrosion processes were quite similar and can have two stages. At the initial stage with the samples being immersed for less than 6 h, the corrosion mainly occurred in β-Li phases. When the samples were immersed for longer than 6 h, the corrosion attack transferred to α-Mg phases and the hydrogen evolution rate was accelerated.

In this experimental work, the performance of hemispherical distiller has been enhanced via phosphate pellets. To investigate the best approach to the phosphate pellet utilization in a basin of hemispherical distiller to achieve the highest performance, the present study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, 250 g of phosphate pellets was arranged in a layer of 5 mm thickness placed at the bottom of the basin. In the second stage, the phosphate pellets were distributed in a homogeneous manner in basin salt water with two concentrations 1% (10 g/L) and 2% (20 g/L) without aggregation on the basin. To achieve this idea, in the first test stage, two distillers were compared, the first is the conventional hemispherical distiller which represents the reference distiller (CHSS) and the second is the modified hemispherical distiller with a phosphate layer (MHSS-PL). In the second test stage, three distillers were compared, the first is the CHSS which represents the reference distiller, the second is the modified hemispherical distiller which contained 1% phosphate (MHSS-1), and the third is the modified hemispherical distiller which contained 2% phosphates (MHSS-2). The experimental results show that the cumulative yield was 4.6, 6.32, 6.15, and 6.85 L/m2·day for CHSS, MHSS-PL, MHSS-1, and MHSS-2, respectively. The results showed that the utilization of the phosphate pellets as a storage medium enhanced the performance of the hemispherical distiller. The enhancement in the distiller productivity was 37.4, 33.7, and 47.9% for MHSS-PL, MHSS-1, and MHSS-2, respectively, compared to conventional hemispherical solar still (CHSS). The peak enhancement in the productivity was achieved in the case of modified hemispherical solar still with 2% (20 g/L) phosphate pellets (MHSS-2).

This study investigates the research performance of the Iraqi public and private universities using the Scopus citation database. The investigation consists of three stages. The first stage includes the registration of these universities in the database. The second represents the process of merging the multiple accounts of each university. The two stages have been completed within one year (from start to end of 2017), which result in a significant improvement in the research performance, in term of number of published articles (Pu), number of citations (C) and h index. Analysis of the improved h index obtained from the Scopus site, reveals a clear bias towards large universities, due to neglecting the number of researchers (NS) in calculating the h index. In the third stage, two new empirical equations are suggested for measuring research performance of universities. The first proposed equation predicts a modified h index as a function of Pu, C, and NS and implements to Iraqi universities and selected universities from other countries. The second proposed equation is a combination of three sub-indicators, namely: citations per article, articles per researcher, and percentage of non-cited articles. Discussion of results indicates that the developed equations eliminate the bias of the large universities over the small ones and highlight some useful recommendations for the universities to enhance their ranking in scientific performance.

The milk is one of the most important products of Brazilian agriculture, generating jobs and increasing farmers' income. Because of this importance, a study was developed, from January 2018 to December 2019, to evaluate milk production at Empresa Agropecuária Lagoa do Mato LTDA, Fazenda Cablocos, located in the municipality of Olhod’Água das Flores, Alagoas. Milk production of 100 crossbred cows was evaluated. Concentrates such as soy, corn, nutron and calcitic limestone were supplied daily. The cows grazed in paddocks like Voisin and also fed on forage palm and sugarcane bagasse. Milking was carried out in two stages, morning and afternoon. The milking parlor was of the Tandem type and each cow was milked individually. After the containment, the ceilings were washed and then the black-bottomed mug was tested for the diagnosis of clinical mastitis. Subclinical mastitis tests were performed every 15 days. It is concluded in these two years of evaluation, that the average milk production in 2018 was lower than that found in 2019. KEYWORDS: feed, cattle, productivity, management. RESUMO: O leite é um dos produtos mais importantes da agropecuária brasileira, gerando emprego e aumentando a renda dos agricultores. Devida essa importância desenvolveu-se um estudo, no período de Janeiro de 2018 a dezembro 2019, para avaliar a produção leiteira na Empresa Agropecuária Lagoa do Mato LTDA, Fazenda Cablocos, localizada no município de Olho d’Água das Flores, Alagoas. Foi avaliada a produção leiteira de 100 vacas mestiças. Foram fornecidos concentrados diariamente como soja, milho, nutron e calcário calcítico. As vacas pastejavam em piquetes tipo Voisin e também se alimentavam de palma forrageira e bagaço de cana. A ordenha foi realizada em duas etapas, manhã e tarde. A sala de ordenha foi do tipo Tandem e cada vaca foi ordenhada de forma individual. Após a contenção foi feita a lavagem dos tetos e em seguida realizou-se o teste da caneca de fundo preto para diagnóstico da mastite clínica. A cada 15 dias procederam-se o teste da mastite subclínica. Conclui-se nestes dois anos de avaliação, que a média de produção de leite no ano de 2018 foi inferior ao encontrado em 2019. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: alimentação, bovinocultura,produtividade, manejo.

Background: We previously introduced the concept of “two-stage” (or “just-in-time”) informed consent for randomized trials with usual care control. We argued that conducting consent in two stages—splitting information about research procedures from information about the experimental intervention—would reduce the decisional anxiety, confusion, and information overload commonly associated with informed consent. We implemented two-stage consent in a low-stakes randomized trial of a mindfulness meditation intervention for procedural distress in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. Here, we report accrual rates and patient understanding of the consent process. Methods: Patients approached for consent for the biopsy trial were asked to complete the standard “Quality of Informed Consent” questionnaire to assess their knowledge and understanding of the trial. Results: Accrual was excellent with 108 of 110 (98%) patients approached for consent signing first-stage consent. All 51 patients randomized to the experimental arm and who later presented for biopsy signed second-stage consent and received the mindfulness intervention. Quality of Informed Consent data were available for 48 patients assigned to the mindfulness treatment arm and 44 controls. The mean Quality of Informed Consent score was similar in the meditation and control arms with and overall mean of 75 (95% confidence interval = 74–76) for the knowledge section and 86 (95% confidence interval = 81–90) for understanding, comparable to the normative scores of 80 and 88. On further analysis and patient interview, two of the Quality of Informed Consent questions were found to be misleading in the context of a two-stage consent study for a mindfulness intervention. Excluding these questions increased knowledge scores to 88 (95% confidence interval = 87–90). Conclusion: We found promising data that two-stage consent facilitated accrual without compromising patient understanding of randomized trials or compliance with allocated treatment. Further research is needed incorporating randomized comparison of two-stage consent to standard consent approaches, measuring patient anxiety and distress as an outcome, using suitable modifications to the Quality of Informed Consent questionnaire and trials with higher stakes.

Este artigo é um resumo da tese de Doutoramento “Investigação de parâmetros de análise do design de equipamento enquanto ferramenta de impacto social” realizada em 2020 na Faculdade de Belas-Artes da Universidade de Lisboa. Trata-se de uma investigação que olhou para as questões relacionadas com o binómio design-fazer local. Para tal, produziu-se uma descrição-síntese de parcerias brasileiras e portuguesas existentes nestes dois mundos (design e fazer local) e delimitou-se (descreveu-se e analisou-se) as relações provenientes e existentes neste processo com base no entendimento destas experiências. A investigação foi dividida em duas etapas. A primeira caracterizou-se por uma revisão bibliográfica que envolveu estudos de autores diversos acerca do lugar do artesanato no Brasil e em Portugal; das aproximações e diferenças do design e das suas dimensões do fazer local. Produziu- se, portanto, uma estrutura teórica a ser utilizada na segunda etapa que compreendeu a pesquisa, descrição e avaliação de 20 casos de estudo brasileiros e 5 portugueses. Foram realizadas entrevistas a partir de um questionário semiestruturado com os três atores presentes nestas parcerias – o artífice, o designer e as entidades ou instituições que fomentam estas parcerias. As ponderações finais indicam que somos todos artífices, sendo o impacto uma via com dois sentidos.

The eruption of the Anak Krakatau volcano, Indonesia, on 22 December 2018 induced a destructive tsunami (the Sunda Strait tsunami), which was recorded by four nearby tidal gauges. In this study we invert the tsunami records and recover the tsunami generation process. Two tsunami sources are obtained, a static one of instant initial water elevation and a time-dependent one accounting for the continuous evolution of water height. The time-dependent results are found to reproduce the tsunami recordings more satisfactorily. The complete tsunami generation process lasts approximately 9 min and features a two-stage evolution with similar intensity. Each stage lasts about 3.5 min and elevates a water volume of about 0.15 km 3 . The time, duration and volume of the volcano eruption in general agree with seismic records and geomorphological interpretations. We also test different sizes of the potential source region, which lead to different maximum wave height in the source area, but all the results of time-dependent tsunami sources show the robust feature of two stages of wave generation. Our results imply a time-dependent and complex process of tsunami generation during the volcano eruption.

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar a construção do Estádio Magalhães Pinto, popularmente conhecido como Mineirão, localizado em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Destaca-se neste estudo o contexto da política do esporte nacional como fator relevante no processo de edificação do estádio. Assim, como uma partida de futebol, o artigo será apresentado em dois tempos, além da ‘concentração’, com intuito de uma breve apresentação sobre o tema e do ‘apito final’ para as últimas considerações. Primeiramente, será feito um panorama das políticas públicas nacionais de esporte, com destaque para a valorização do futebol no estado de Minas Gerais e em seguida o processo de construção e inauguração do Mineirão. A pesquisa, para além da bibliografia acadêmica pertinente, utilizou jornais e revistas de relevância nacional.

The purpose of this research is to develop a valid, practical and effective junior high school mathematics worksheet. Local wisdom referred to in this study is a traditional food, namely Jagung Bose, Jagung Katemak, Ut Kono, and Laku Tobe, which have become a daily diet for the people of the Indonesia-Timor Leste border community on the Pulau Timor. This research is a kind of development research using the Tessmer formative evaluation model, which consists of two stages of development, namely the preliminary analysis stage and the formative evaluation stage. The subject of this research is the 9th-grade students of Taloeb Junior High School in the border area in 2020. The data collection techniques used include tests, learning outcomes, observation, and interviews. Experts have validated the development of student worksheets using the context of local traditional food wisdom with the results of assessments from material experts, media experts and linguists. Validated by Experts, Students Worksheets (SW) of maths included in the very good category and trial results have shown that the SW meets the practical criteria and has a potential effect on improving junior high school students' mathematics skills and learning outcomes.

The aimed of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa Leaf Flour (MLF) on chicken and duckmeat processed quality formed nugget as fortification. Duck meat has advantages with mineral content,especially iron, about 50% of the daily needs for adult’s body compared to chicken meat which is only9%. Duck meat also contains high levels of vitamins B, C and antioxidants, but chicken meat neither.This study was conducted in two stages, the first was nugget experiment with chicken meat, and thesecond stages with duck meat. The meat used were ground with flour and seasoning. The variablesmeasured were the nutritional content which includes crude protein and fat, also cholesterol total, theother variables were sensory evaluation which include scale of taste, texture and color. This study usedcompletely randomized design with 4 treatments addition of MLF (0.0%; 0.5%; 1.0% and 1.5%), eachtreatments replicated 5 times. The result show that the more addition of MLF will increased CrudeProtein and highly significant decreased crude fat and cholesterol total. In the other hand, addition ofMLF was highly significant lowering the taste, texture and color of nugget, but still in acceptable range.

A sulphate solution of cobalt (18.93 g/L Co2+) containing major impurities such as copper (1.35 g/L Cu2+), iron (0.28 g/L Fetot), zinc (0.70 g/L Zn2+) and manganese (4.83 g/L Mn2+) was purified through the solvent extraction method using two extractants; MEXTRAL and D2EHPA for the removal of copper and for the removal in two stages of a zinc-iron-manganese complex respectively. The effects of the solution’s pH, O/A ratio, extraction time and stirring intensity were investigated. The purification extent was enhanced by optimizing these four parameters through Taguchi’s L16 (4^4) experimental. The final solution obtained through sequential extractions showed a reduction in Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn content of 98.7, 97.5, 98.2, and 80.5% respectively. This study showcased the possibility of obtaining high purity cobalt as a precursor for Lithium ion battery applications, representing 49% of its current global use. The coextraction value of cobalt was estimated at 6.2%. Key words: Purification, MEXTRAL 984N, D2EHPA, cobalt, SX.

Teachers are motivated by extrinsic, intrinsic, and altruistic values, but little is known about what might convince other students to become educators. Conducted in two stages, the present study u...

The article aims to present the application of Visual Project Management in the construction of a pro-sustainability project tool with an emphasis on the mitigation of solid textile waste. This is the Zero Waste Tool for Apparel Design (ZWTAD). The construction of the tool took place in two stages: (I) initially, based on the use of the visual panel of the Orientation Guide for Project Development; and (II), then, under the application of the structural elements (premises, requirements and usability principles) of Visual Project Management. Therefore, methodologically, this article can be understood as applied, descriptive, bibliographic and qualitative research. It is inferred that the development of the ZWTAD can constitute a case of Visual Project Management, however, for now, it is still an incomplete visual model. The article aims to present the application of Visual Project Management in the construction of a pro-sustainability project tool with an emphasis on the mitigation of solid textile waste. This is the Zero Waste Tool for Apparel Design (ZWTAD). The construction of the tool took place in two stages: (I) initially, based on the use of the visual panel of the Orientation Guide for Project Development; and (II), then, under the application of the structural elements (premises, requirements and usability principles) of Visual Project Management. Therefore, methodologically, this article can be understood as applied, descriptive, bibliographic and qualitative research. It is inferred that the development of the ZWTAD can constitute a case of Visual Project Management, however, for now, it is still an incomplete visual model.

Conductive elastomeric nanocomposites (CEMs) were prepared in two stages to control the precision of pressure sensors. Carbon-based nanofillers such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) or graphene (GR) were added to the rubber matrix. For Rubber/MWCNT composites, unfunctionalized (U-MWCNT) and –COOH functionalized MWCNT (F-MWCNT) fillers were synthesized. The properties of the CEMs and the synergistic improvements between the fillers and rubber matrix in composites were also investigated. SEM images show that F-MWCNT fillers were dispersed homogeneously in the composites and they interacted with rubber better than other carbon fillers. The piezoresistivity properties of the CEMs before and after compression were determined using the four-probe method by cyclic loading in 1 mm increments between 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm. F-MWCNT filled composites had higher strength than others when they were compressed by 2.5 mm. The F-MWCNT and GR filled nanocomposites possessed the best resistivity for pressure sensors when compressed at 2.5 mm (for F-MWCNT 1.1E + 08 Ω, GR 5.28E + 06 Ω). These nanocomposites are promising pressures sensors for air suspension systems.

This paper proposes a hybrid aperiodic sampled-data mechanism for the control of interconnected subsystems with time-delay. The proposed aperiodic sampled-data mechanism comprises of two stages. In the first stage, the next sampling instant for each subsystem is computed using self-triggering strategy. Thereafter, in the second stage, an event-triggering condition is checked at these sampling instants for each subsystem and signal is transmitted to the controller only if the event-triggering condition is violated. Further, to reduce the computational complexity involved in the proposed triggering mechanism, another triggering mechanism with integrated event-triggering and self-triggering is developed. Also, an upper bound on delay for each subsystem is computed to ensure the stability of distributed networked control system. The results proposed are validated using a simulation example. A comparison of the proposed technique with other triggering mechanisms in terms of sampling instants, number of transmissions to the controller, maximum delay bound and other performance measures is drawn through simulation example.

Experiments are conducted in a Ø600 mm tank to analyse the 3D motion of buoyant particles in the free-surface vortex flow. The experiments revealed two stages in the particle motion: stage 1 is the helical motion along the vortex air core and stage 2 is the axial motion inside the vortex core. The stage 1 motion is sensitive to the particle’s initial conditions by showing a chaotic behaviour and quantified by determining the largest Lyapunov exponent. Consequently, the predictability (forecast horizon) of the particle’s motion is limited. A motion parameter is proposed that indicates if a continuous downward motion along the air core occurs. The dynamics in the stage 2 motion is determined by the imbalance between the particle’s buoyancy force and fluid drag force. The drag appears to be determined by the Taylor column drag force as present in rotating fluids. Based on this force, a motion condition is proposed that indicates if axial motion inside the vortex core occurs.

This study aims to: 1) describe learning tools with an open-ended approach that meets the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective; 2) Describe the improvement of mathematical connection ability using learning tools with the developed open-ended approach; 3) Describe the increase in ability self efficacy by using learning tools with the developed open-ended approach. This research is a development research conducted in two stages. Learning tools produced from this research are: Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), Student Worksheet (LKPD), Student Book (BS), mathematical connection ability test and questionnaire. Self efficacy students. From the results of the first trial and second trial, it was obtained: 1) the learning device with the Open-ended approach developed had been meet the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective in terms of their respective criteria;2) there was an increase in the students' mathematical connection ability using learning tools with an open-ended approach developed in the first trial, obtaining an average posttest score of 61.76, and an increase in the second trial with an average posttest score of 82.35; 3) there is an increase in ability self efficacy students using learning tools with an open-ended approach developed in the first trial obtained a value of 68.64 and increased in the second trial with a value of 87.52. Based on the results of the study it is suggested that mathematics teachers strive for mathematics learning using an open-ended learning approach and the learning tools developed can improve mathematical connection skills and self efficacy students in mathematics learning.

The learning of the plant kingdom can be achieved more successfully if tasks involved the direct contact with elements of the vegetal world where students have the possibility of working in small groups cooperatively within in the secondary classroom. This paper analyses the student’s understanding of the general and floral physiology of angiosperms within a teaching sequence where the cooperative learning was used with 74 Spanish secondary school students. The influence on learning of group work and the use of natural elements was assessed by comparing two tasks administered individually before and after the sequence. The Fisher exact test detected statistically significant differences between the two stages in favour of cooperative learning and the use of plants. We can conclude that this active method of learning the plant kingdom as it enables students to physically get closer to the subject of the plant kingdom whilst developing their scientific knowledge through group work.

In this paper, a solid transportation problem has been considered in which the transportation is accomplished in two stages – firstly, from the origin(s) to the near by station(s) of the destinatio...

Academic research has paid more attention to formation and management of business relationships than to their dissolution. For example, not much is known about the extent to which dissolution intentions are predictive of actual dissolution, and whether certainty with which these intentions are held influences the likelihood of relationship dissolution. To address these questions, authors collect data in two stages from a franchise system in Korea. They specify the judgment uncertainty and magnitude parameters (JUMP) model to tease apart the magnitude and uncertainty of intention from a single measure, and a duration analysis model to study translation of intentions into behavior. Results show that not only strong intentions to dissolve a relationship are more likely to result in actual dissolution but weak intentions also are more likely to lead to dissolution if the holder is doubtful and uncertain about the relationship. Ignoring uncertainty of dissolution intentions thus can seriously downplay their risk of translating into actual dissolution.

The state of Huila in Colombia has a Geographical Indication –IG through the denomination of origin - DO ‘Cafe del Huila’. Although these protection strategies have been promoted, no concrete studies have been reported on aspects of their implementation in the coffee agribusiness. The main goal of this research was to study the coffee with the denomination of origin ‘Cafe del Huila’ from 2010 to the present, through economic and performance indicators, seeking to identify the main impacts in this sector of agriculture. The research was carried out in two stages: In stage I - an analysis of the area indicators and coffee production in Colombia and an analysis of the performance of coffee growing in the state of Huila related to; municipalities, producers, farms and area. In stage II - the characterization of the denomination of origin was carried out in accordance with the methodology proposed by FAO (2018) and analysis of its implementation. The coffee agribusiness in Colombia showed variable dynamics in the different regions of the country, with a tendency to decrease the planted area and variability of production. The state of Huila showed significant growth both in the area planted and in production, which place it as one of the main coffee producers in the country. However, this sector presents few indicators of impact on the implementation of the geographical indication through the appellation of origin. Key words: Intellectual property; Agribusiness; Distinctive characteristic; Coffee quality.

In Vietnam, physical education is mostly still taught in a traditional model. Volleyball is one of the most practiced sports in Physical Education classes. The study of this article was to explore students' difficulties in the practice of volleyball in school Physical Education (PE) classes, according to the tactical principles of the sport, and to compare them with teachers' understanding of the discipline. This qualitative study was developed in two stages: a) observation of 14 hours/class PE volleyball classes in two different schools and field diary records of students' difficulties during the game according to the tactical principles of the sport, and b) application of a Linkert scale with active PE teachers to classify such problems (Thomas A.P, et al 2020). In the first stage, the following situations were identified as difficulties, in decreasing order of occurrence in the observations: building the attack, occupying spaces on the court, looking for empty spaces, intending to contact the ball, and directing serves. In the teachers' view, however, difficulties in serves were indicated as students' main problem and, on the other hand, occupying court spaces as the action they performed more easily. On this basis, it is concluded that there are differences between the researcher's and the teachers' views, possibly related to teachers' initial coaching and previous experiences based on the traditional model, whose focus is not on the teaching of tactical principles.

Quasi-static tests for uniaxial compression of fused silica cylinders have been carried out. The destruction process was accompanied by fractoluminescence, which is typical for quartz. Fractoluminescence was recorded by two methods: a high-speed camera, which, in addition to luminescence, recorded the entire process of destruction of the sample, and using a photomultiplier with a high time resolution to analyze the dynamics of the fragmentation process. In most experiments, two stages of destruction were recorded. Each of which was accompanied by intense fractoluminescence. A statistical analysis of the fragments mass (size) distribution and of the intervals between fractoluminescence pulses has been carried out.