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The genus Adelomelon Dall, 1906 comprises a group of South American marine gastropods. We present updated information on the genus Adelomelon, with emphasis on the status and location of type material, including that of junior synonyms. Scaphella arnheimi Rivers, 1891 and Voluta paradoxa Lahille, 1895 are removed from the synonymy of Adelomelon ancilla (Lightfoot, 1758) and Adelomelon barattinii Klappenbach and Ureta, 1966 is included. The subgenus Weaveria Clench and Turner, 1964 is placed in synonymy with Adelomelon s.s. A key to the species of Adelomelon is provided.O gênero Adelomelon Dall, 1906 engloba um grupo de gastrópodes sul-americanos. Apresentamos informações atualizadas sobre o gênero Adelomelon, com ênfase no status e localização do material-tipo, também dos sinônimos juniores. Os táxons Scaphella arnheimi Rivers, 1891 e Voluta paradoxa Lahille, 1895 são removidos da lista sinonímica de Adelomelon ancilla (Lightfoot, 1758) e Adelomelon barattinii Klappenbach and Ureta, 1966 é incluído. Também o subgênero Waveria Clench and Turner, 1954 é colocado na lista sinonímica de Adelomelon s.s. e uma chave para as espécies de Adelomelon é apresentada.

The Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) type collection at the Laboratory of Ecology of Aquatic Insects (LEIA - UFSCar) is reviewed. It comprises 103 primary types, as well as 95 paratypes, mostly resulting from research by S. Trivinho-Strixino and G. Strixino. Notes updating the taxonomic status are provided for some species.

A population of an unknown Psammothidium species (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae) was found in core sediments collected from Cimera Lake, an oligotrophic, undisturbed mountain lake in Central Spain (Gredos mountain range). The morphology and ultrastructure of this taxon is hereby documented in detail by means of light (LM) and scanning electron (SEM) micrographs. Morphologically, the closest taxon is P. levanderi, and the type of this species is analyzed here to provide a differential diagnosis. A comparison with other similar small Psammothidium species with an elliptic outline show that the combination of features exhibited by this taxon is unique and it is thus described here as Psammothidium toroi sp. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide information on the type specimens of Neotropical species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera: Buprestoidea) deposited at the Museo de La Plata (MLP). Among them, there are syntypes of 45 species of J. Obenberger, and syntypes, holotypes or paratypes of species described by C. Berg, A. Cobos and Ch. Kerremans, plus lectotypes and paralectotypes designated based on syntypes of Obenberger' species. Besides, we compiled a list of 37 species which specimens are labeled as types (metatypes or homotypes), but in fact these specimens were compared with the types by the authors of the species (e.g. C. Burmeister, J. Obenberger, Ch. Kerremans). Moreover, we provide information on missing types (formerly at the MLP but not in the collection at present) and specimens labeled as types of species never described. Most species herein treated were collected in Argentina by the specialist M. Viana, but there are also species from Brazil, Uruguay and Perú. For each species, we bring information on original and valid names, bibliographic references, category of types, sex of the specimens (if it is indicated) and code numbers assigned to them in the MLP entomological collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of samples taken in different aerial microhabitats in Europe (Germany and Luxembourg) revealed the presence of a new and interesting small-celled naviculoid diatom species. Based on detailed light and scanning electron microscopy, one taxon previously misidentified as Sellaphora saugerresii is here described as Mayamaea petersenii sp. nov. The ecological preferences and a detailed analysis of its frustule ultrastructure lead to propose its generic placement in Mayamaea, followed by a discussion concerning key characters of the genera Sellaphora, Eolimna and Chamaepinnularia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Paläontologische Zeitschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The existence of massive cryptic diversity in algae makes linking DNA-based lineages to existing taxa exceedingly difficult. A better integration of historical collections into modern taxonomic research is therefore highly desirable. Using the brown algal genus Lobophora as a test case, we explore the feasibility of linking taxonomic names to clades in modern phylogenies. Despite Lobophora being a pantropical genus with probably more than 100 species, traditionally only a handful of species have been recognized. In this study we reevaluated the identity of 17 historical taxa thought to belong to Lobophora by attempting DNA amplification of herbarium material as well as specimens recently collected from the type localities (epitypes). In an attempt to assign them to Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units, the obtained sequences were integrated in a global Lobophora phylogeny based upon data derived from more than 650 specimens. Our results indicate that although five sequences were obtained from type specimens, exclusive reliance on information preserved in type specimens is problematic. Epitype material proved a more successful way forward, but this route often comes with a considerable degree of uncertainty, especially in tropical regions where the extent of sympatry among Lobophora lineages is often considerable. More problematic from a broader perspective is the fact that for 35% of historical taxa, either the type could not be traced or permission was not granted to extract DNA from the types. Such a low accessibility rate may reduce our reliance on type material and jeopardize future efforts to integrate historical taxa into a framework of a modern DNA-based taxonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxonomic revisions should comply with certain best practices, one of which is to study topotypic specimens if type specimens are not available. We discuss the example of an oribatid mite, the classical species Carabodes labyrinthicus (Michael 1879), in which topotypes are critical to questions of identity, synonymy, and species status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Egmundella producta n. comb., commonly used so far in the combination Lovenella producta, is re-described based on the type specimens, as well as new material from the NW Atlantic. The gonothecae are large, fan-shaped structures, and the gonophore could be either a medusoid or a medusa. The re-examination of the type material confirmed that it possesses stolonal nematophores and nematothecae. Applying currently used generic diagnoses, it becomes necessary to transfer the species to the genus Egmundella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After their original description in the late 1930s by F. Hustedt, Cocconeis brevicostata Hust. and Cocconeis cataractarum Hust. have rarely been cited and illustrated. In the early 2000s, both taxa were transferred to Platessa Lange-Bertalot. At the time, no study of the type material was presented. In order to clarify the ultrastructure of these two taxa and their correct assignment to Platessa, their type material held at the Hustedt Diatom Study Centre (Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany) was studied under light and electron microscopy. Observations on the frustule morphology and morphometric data for each taxon are provided. Frustule features of Platessa brevicostata (Hust.) Lange-Bertalot and Platessa cataractarum (Hust.) Lange-Bertalot (type material) match those of Platessa and their transfer was correct. The following frustule features distinguish between the two taxa: valve outline, raphe structure, stria type and density, and the presence of tiny marginal areolae (poroids). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the original description of the diatom genus Colliculoamphora, the type species of Colliculoamphora reichardtiana (Grunow) Williams and Reid (= Amphora reichardtiana Grunow) was mistakenly said to be from Honduras. Inspection of relevant specimens and manuscript material of Amphora reichardtiana in Grunow's collection (held in W) has permitted a re-evaluation of the species. Type material has been identified and, after examination, a new species, Colliculoamphora johnwrightii, is separated from Colliculoamphora reichardtiana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The type status is described for 101 taxa classified within the superfamily Orthalicoidea and present in the Mollusca collection of the Muséum d'histoire naturelle in Geneva. A lectotype is designated for Helix (Cochlogena) citrinovitrea S. Moricand, 1836. Bulimus fidaensis J. Moricand, 1858 is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Bulimus clouei Pfeiffer, 1857. New combinations are: Kuschelenia (Bocourtia) angrandi (Morelet, 1860), Leiostracus fidaensis (J. Moricand, 1858), Protoglyptus heterogrammus (S. Moricand, 1836), Protoglyptus longisetus (S. Moricand, 1846), Drymaeus (Mesembrinus)polygrammus (S. Moricand, 1836), Kara viriata (Morelet, 1863). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sponge species are infamously difficult to identify for non-experts due to their high morphological plasticity and the paucity of informative morphological characters. The use of molecular techniques certainly helps with species identification, but unfortunately it requires prior reference sequences. Holotypes constitute the best reference material for species identification, however their usage in molecular systematics and taxonomy is scarce and frequently not even attempted, mostly due to their antiquity and preservation history. Here we provide case studies in which we demonstrate the importance of using holotype material to answer phylogenetic and taxonomic questions. We also demonstrate the possibility of sequencing DNA fragments out of century-old holotypes. Furthermore we propose the deposition of DNA sequences in conjunction with new species descriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

RESUMEN. Se examinaron y listaron 490 ejemplares tipo de Vespidae (Hymenoptera) depositados en la Colección de Entomología del Instituto Fundación Miguel Lillo. Ellos pertenecen a 49 especies y tres subespecies de Eumeninae, y un nombre no válido. Éstas fueron descriptas por los siguientes autores: Bequaert, Bohart, Stange, Bohart y Stange, Giordani Soika, Willink, Willink & Roig-Alsina, y Garcete-Barrett. Para cada taxón se brinda la información de las etiquetas, la que se completa con la publicación original y condición de cada ejemplar.ABSTRACT. The 490 types of Vespidae (Hymenoptera) housed at the Entomology Collection of Instituto Fundación Miguel Lillo were examined and listed. These types belong to 49 species and three subspecies of Eumeninae, and one non valid name. They were described by the following authors: Bequaert, Bohart, Stange, Bohart and Stange, Giordani Soika, Willink, Willink & Roig-Alsina, and Garcete-Barrett. For each taxon the information on the labels, completed with original publication and conditions of each specimen is given.

Adelomelon indigestus von Ihering, 1908 is known to be a synonym of Adelomelon beckii (Broderip, 1836) but the taxonomic status of its type material was not previously clear. The specimens cited in the original description of A. indigestus were located and recognized as syntypes. Under the rule of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the type locality is proposed to include Guaratiba (Rio de Janeiro) and São Sebastião (São Paulo) both on the southeastern littoral of Brazil.

The type material of Phasmatodea deposited in Brazilian museums and institutions is listed for the first time. New synonyms are proposed: Phibalosoma paulense Toledo Piza, 1938, Phibalosoma rochai Toledo Piza, 1938, Bacteria tuberculata Toledo Piza, 1938 and Bacteria tuberculata var. argentina Toledo Piza, 1938 are junior synonyms of Cladomorphus phyllinus (Gray, 1835). Nineteen new combinations are established.O material-tipo de Phasmatodea depositado em museus e instituições brasileiras é listado pela primeira vez. Novas sinonímias são propostas: Phibalosoma paulense Toledo Piza, 1938, Phibalosoma rochai Toledo Piza, 1938, Bacteria tuberculata Toledo Piza, 1938 e Bacteria tuberculata var. argentina Toledo Piza, 1938 são sinônimos júnior de Cladomorphus phyllinus (Gray, 1835). Dezenove novas combinações são estabelecidas.

Se examinaron y listaron 614 ejemplares tipo de Vespidae depositados en la colección de Entomología del Instituto Fundación Miguel Lillo, pertenecientes a seis especies de Masarinae, 57 especies y 15 subespecies de Polistinae, y dos especies de estatus dudoso. El material tipo fue descripto por los siguientes autores: Zikán, Bohart, Bequaert, Willink, Willink & Ajmat de Toledo, Snelling, Richards y Silveira & Carpenter. Para cada taxón se brinda la información de las etiquetas, la que se completa con la publicación original y condición de cada ejemplar.The 614 types of Vespidae housed at the Entomology Collection of Instituto Fundación Miguel Lillo were examined and listed. The types belong to six species of Masarinae, 57 species and 15 subspecies of Polistinae, and two species of doubtful status. They were described by the following authors: Zikán, Bohart, Bequaert, Willink, Willink & Ajmat de toledo, Snelling, Richards y Silveira & Carpenter. For each taxon the information on the labels, completed with original publication and conditions of each specimen is given.

In this paper we listed and examined four type specimens of Ceraphronoidea, 94 of Cynipoidea and 198 of "Proctotrupoidea" (Hymenoptera) housed at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina (División Entomología) not included in previous papers. We also provide update information on categories of types, data of collection and hosts for all cases. These types belong to one, 10 and 12 species respectively and the species were described by Martínez (1), Diaz (2), Diaz & Gallardo (3), Gallardo, Diaz & Marchiori (1), Gallardo, Diaz & Uchoa (1), Kerrich & Quinlan (1), Pujade-Villar & Diaz (1), Ros-Farré & Pujade-Villar (1), De Santis & Loiácono (9), Loiácono (2), and Loiácono & Margaría (1).Una actualización de la lista de los tipos de Ceraphronoidea, Cynipoidea y "Proctotrupoidea" (Hymenoptera) depositados en el Museo de La Plata, Argentina. En este estudio listamos y examinamos cuatro tipos de Ceraphronoidea, 94 de Cynipoidea y 198 de "Proctotrupoidea" depositados en el Museo de La Plata (División Entomología) no incluidos en trabajos previos. Para cada taxón se brinda la información actualizada acerca de los materiales tipo, datos de recolección y huéspedes. Estos tipos pertenecen a una, 10 y 12 especies respectivamente, las cuales fueron descriptas por Martínez (1), Diaz (2), Diaz & Gallardo (3), Gallardo, Diaz & Marchiori (1), Gallardo, Diaz & Uchoa (1), Kerrich & Quinlan (1), Pujade-Villar & Diaz (1), Ros-Farré & Pujade-Villar (1), De Santis & Loiácono (9), Loiácono (2), y Loiácono & Margaría (1).

The 20 type specimens of Eupelmidae and 230 of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) housed at the Museo de La Plata, Argentina (División Entomología) were examined and listed, providing update information on categories of types, data of collection and hosts. The types belong to six species of Eupelmidae described by De Santis, and 26 of Trichogrammatidae by De Santis (22) and Viggiani (4).Fueron examinados y listados los 20 tipos de Eupelmidae y los 230 de Trichogrammatidae depositados en el Museo de La Plata (División Entomología); para cada taxón se brinda la información actualizada acerca de los materiales tipo, datos de recolección y huéspedes. Estos tipos pertenecen a seis especies de Eupelmidae descriptas por De Santis y 26 de Trichogrammatidae por De Santis (22) y Viggiani (4).

Se examinaron los ejemplares tipo depositados en la colección de la División Entomología del Museo de La Plata, pertenecientes a diversas especies nominales de Byrrhoidea: Dryopidae (1 especie, 1 ejemplar tipo), Elmidae (4, 9), Limnichidae (29, 47) y Psephenidae (1, 2). El material tipo fue estudiado por los siguientes autores: Pic, Spangler, Spangler & Brown, Spangler & Perkins, Spangler & Santiago, Spilman y Wooldridge. Para cada taxón se indica la publicación original, datos de colección y condición del material.The types of species of Byrrhoidea (Coleoptera) housed in the collection of the División Entomología of Museo de La Plata were examined and listed. They belong to 35 species distributed in the families Dryopidae (1 species, 1 type), Elmidae (4, 9), Limnichidae (29, 47) and Psephenidae (1, 2). The types were described by Pic, Spangler, Spangler & Brown, Spangler & Perkins, Spangler & Santiago, Spilman, and Wooldridge. For each taxon, complete information about categories of types, reference original descriptions, collection data and specimen condition are given.

Esta contribución referida al material tipo de Curculionidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) depositado en la colección entomológica del Museo de La Plata, actualiza la información sobre los tipos depositados durante los últimos diez años. Los 111 tipos examinados en este trabajo corresponden a 52 especies asignadas a las siguientes subfamilias: Curculioninae (5 spp.), Cryptorhynchinae (8 spp.), Cyclominae (4 spp.), Entiminae (31 spp.), y Erirhininae (4 spp.). Los autores de las especies son C. Bordón, W. Clark, K. Heller, A. Lanteri, J. Morrone, C. O'Brien, P. Posadas, F. Ocampo, y G. Wibmer. Se brinda el nombre válido y el original de cada especie, la referencia bibliográfica correspondiente, la categoría de tipo de cada espécimen, su número de código de acuerdo con las reglas de la colección, el sexo de los especímenes si está indicado, toda la información registrada en las etiquetas, y datos adicionales sobre las condiciones de conservación de los ejemplares.This contribution about types of Curculionidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) housed at the Museo de La Plata (MLP), updates the information on the material incorporated to the collection during the last ten years. The 111 types examined herein, correspond to 52 species assigned to the following subfamilies: Curculioninae (5 spp.), Cryptorhynchinae (8 spp.), Cyclominae (4 spp.), Entiminae (31 spp.), and Erirhininae (4 spp.). The authors of the species are C. Bordón, W. Clark, K. Heller, A. Lanteri, J. Morrone, C. O'Brien, P. Posadas, F. Ocampo, and G. Wibmer. The information provided is as follows: valid and original names of each species, bibliographic references, category of the types, code-numbers according to the rules of the MLP collection, sex of the specimens when it is determined, data on the labels (exact transcription), and additional information on the conservation of the type specimens.

Type material of Litomosoides hamletti Sandground, 1934 from Glossophaga soricina soricina in Brazil and L. penai Jiménez- Quirós & Arroyo, 1 960 from Carollia perspicillata azteca in Costa Rica, was examined. The morphology of the spicules shows that these species belong to the carinii group. Their synonymy with L. guiterasi Pérez Vigueras, 1934, from Artibeus jamaicensis yucatanicus in Cuba, does not appear justified because they are distinct in several characters (body length, width of female, size and shape of buccal cavity and capsule, shape of right spicule). L. hamletti is a valid species; L. penai is closely related to it and is considered to be a sub-species, L. hamletti penai Jiménez-Quirós & Arroyo, 1960: The material recovered from Glossophaga spp., previously assigned to L guiterasi by several authors, is identified as L. h. hamletti. L. guiterasi appears to be closely related to L chandleri Esslinger, 1973; L. chitwoodi n. sp. (= Litomosoides sp. Chitwood, 1938) seems close to these species; all three are parasites of Artibeus spp.

Fueron examinados y listados los 293 tipos de Aphelinidae y 24 de Signiphoridae depositados en el Museo de La Plata (División Entomología), para cada taxón se brinda la información actualizada acerca de los materiales tipo, datos de recolección y huéspedes. Estos tipos pertenecen a 30 especies y dos subespecies de Aphelinidae descriptas por los siguientes autores: Annecke & Insley (1), Blanchard (2), Compere (4), De Bach & Rosen (1), De Santis (21), y De Santis & Vidal Sarmiento de Regalía (1); y nueve especies de Signiphoridae descriptas por los siguientes autores: De Santis (6) y Kerrich (3).The 293 type specimens of Aphelinidae and 24 Signiphoridae (Chalcidoidea) housed at the Museo de La Plata (División Entomología) were examined and listed, providing update information on categories of types, data of collection and host. The types belong to 30 species and two subspecies of Aphelinidae described by the following authors: Annecke & Insley (1), Blanchard (2), Compere (4), De Bach & Rosen (1), De Santis (21), and De Santis & Vidal Sarmiento de Regalía (1); and nine species of Signiphoridae described by the following authors: De Santis (6) and Kerrich (3).

Background: Sweat bees of the genus Agapostemon Guérin-Méneville, 1844 (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) are common and widespread in the Americas. Despite distinct morphological characters that were recognised in earlier taxonomic treatments, Agapostemonfasciatus Crawford, 1901 has been considered a variety of A.melliventris Cresson, 1874 since the 1930s and later placed into synonymy under A.melliventris in the early 1970s., New Information: A more detailed study of morphology (including examination of type materials), distribution and genetic data (i.e. DNA barcodes) of these two taxa suggests they are not conspecific. As such, A.fasciatus is resurrected as a valid North American bee species. Agapostemonfasciatus ranges further north in North America than A.mellivenrtis , reaching the southern Prairies Ecozone of Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan), while most records of A.melliventris are from the south-western United States and northern Mexico. More accurate distributions for both species can be modelled as specimens in collections are identified using the diagnostic features provided. However, additional work is required on the A.melliventris species complex in the southern United States as genetic data suggest that multiple taxa could be present., (Cory Sheffield.)

Tipula ( Vestiplex) tchukchi obtusidens Savchenko, 1964 is designated as a synonym of the nominotypical species Tipula ( Vestiplex) tchukchi Alexander, 1934 syn. nov. Tipula ( Vestiplex) aldrichiana Alexander, 1929 and Tipula ( Vestiplex) balioptera Loew, 1863 are reported as new to the Russian fauna and the Palaearctic - East Beringian region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocypus fulvipes Ménétriés, 1849 is removed from synonymy with Ocypus planipennis Aubé, 1842; it is redescribed and its type material is presented. Ocypus amiculus J. Müller, 1925 is put in synonymy with Ocypus fulvipes Ménétriés, 1849, based on study of type material of both species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analysed syntype material of Odontidium harrisonii W. Smith, Odontidium mutabile W. Smith, Odontidium tabellaria W. Smith, Odontidium tabellaria var. p W. Smith, Odontidium parasiticum W. Smith, Odontidium parasiticum var. P W. Smith and Fragilaria brevistriata Grunow in Van Heurck. A combination of light and scanning electron microscopy revealed that taxonomic drift led to currently misconstrued concepts of many of these taxa. Preservation of type materials allowed morphological study of each taxon in detail. The following new combinations, new names and new statuses are presented: Staurosirella harrisonii (W. Smith) E. Morales & C.E. Wetzel comb, now, Staurosirella mutabilis (W. Smith) E. Morales & Van de Vijver comb. nov. and Pseudostaurosira smithii E. Morales & Ector nom. now stat. nov. Nomenclatural and ecological discussions, based on historical and current literature, are presented for each taxon. The study of type materials is a necessary task in order to improve current databases used for taxonomic and ecological purposes, and such a study should be an essential component of large-scale palaeo or neo-limnological research programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new diatom species from freshwater environments in France is described. Fragilaria microvaucheriae sp. nov. is illustrated and discussed based on populations from the Loire-Brittany basin and compared with the original (type) material of Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kütz.) J.B.Petersen (= Exilaria vaucheriae Kütz.) from Germany and Fragilaria uliginosa Kulikowskiy et al., recently described from a peat bog in Mongolia. Additional populations of Fragilaria pectinalis (O.F.Müll.) Lyngb. from the Rhône Alpes region (France) are also investigated in detail including its environmental preferences in order to compare with the new species. Fragilaria microvaucheriae is similar to F. vaucheriae but present smaller cell dimensions and higher density of striae. It occurs in slight acidic waters. The new species has been identified in the past as F. vaucheriae, Fragilaria capucina sensu auct., Fragilaria austriaca (Grunow) Lange-Bert. or Fragilaria pectinalis. The morphology of the new species and similar taxa is documented by light (LM) and scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and discussed in light of recent advances in the taxonomy of the genus Fragilaria Lyngb. from freshwater environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trie study of the collection of Sessé and Mociño at MA, allowed the discovery of specimens which may be considered as type material of the plants published both in Flora mexicana, eds. 1 and 2,'va.La Naturaleza, joumal of the Sociedad Mexicana de Historia Natural, and Plantae novae Hispaniae, eds. 1 and 2, published by the Ministerio de Fomento de México between 1887 and 1894.

Clypeocaenis Soldán, 1978 consists of 7 species, 3 of them are known from the Oriental region. Clypeocaenis oligosetosa Soldán, 1983 was described from Vietnam and until now was known only from 2 localities within this country. We found C. oligosetosa in Thailand for the first time. This record significantly extends the known distribution of the species. The main distinguishing characters of the larvae of C. oligosetosa are illustrated. We observed a few small morphological differences between Thai specimens, investigated paratypes of C. oligosetosa and its original description. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public sequence databases are entrusted with the dual responsibility of providing an accessible archive to all submitters and supporting data reliability and its re-use to all users. Genomes from type materials can act as an unambiguous reference for a taxonomic name and play an important role in comparative genomics, especially for taxon verification or reclassification. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) collects and curates information on prokaryotic type strains and genomes from type strains. The average nucleotide identity (ANI)-based quality control processes introduced at NCBI to verify the genomes from type strains and improve related sequence records are detailed here. Using the curated genomes from type strains as reference, the taxonomy of over 1.1 million GenBank genomes were verified and the taxonomy of over 7000 new submissions before acceptance to GenBank and over 1800 existing genomes in GenBank were reclassified.

In this contribution we update the information about the type material associated to 23 species of Coleóptera Curculionoidea, families Belidae (subfamily Oxycorininae) and Curculionidae (subfamilies Entiminae and Cyclominae), deposited at the Museo de La Plata (MLP). Most species were described by the specialists R. S. Anderson, M. G. del Río, A. A. Lanteri, J. J. Morrone and F. Ocampo during the last twenty years. We also include types corresponding to species described by C. Bruch, K. Heller, E. Hambleton and A. Hustache, not treated In previous contributions. For each species we provide the original and valid names, bibliographic references, categories of types, code-numbers according to the rules of the Entomology Division of the Museo de La Plata, sex of the specimens when it is indicated, and data on the labels (exact transcription). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sectonema ventrale, the type species of the genus, is redescribed on the basis of type material as well as other specimens originally examined by Thorne. Description, morphometries and LM pictures are provided. An updated diagnosis is given and the identity of several (other than type) populations is discussed. It is characterised by its 7.09-10.42 mm long body, lip region offset by deep constriction and 25-27 μm broad, mural tooth 12-14 μm long ventrally, pharyngeal expansion occupying 68-73% of total neck length, uterus 2.5-4.2 times the corresponding body diam., pars refringens vaginae well developed, V = 48-56, female tail rounded conoid (47-71 μm, c = 117-174, c' = 0.7-0.8), spicules 120 μm long, and eight or nine irregularly spaced ventromedian supplements with a hiatus. The nature of the stomatal protrusihle structure is analysed and discussed, concluding that it is more a reduced odontostyle than a typical mural tooth, a point that should be the subject of further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed 301 taxonomic papers published in nine journals between 1999-2011 to determine the use of type specimens and to evaluate the habitat focus and the number of new species described per year. A total of ca 100 new nematode species were described every year, primarily from terrestrial habitats. Two-thirds were terrestrial, 16% were aquatic and the remaining 9% were animal-parasitic nematodes. Only 2.5% of the taxonomic literature reported a comparative study of type material for making a decision on the identity of the target taxon. The overwhelming majority (i.e., 97.5%) relied only on literature comparisons. Our closer scrutiny of the 61 papers revealed a number of shared problems: a third stated that inadequacy of original descriptions, or unavailability/inaccessibility of type specimens had hindered them from unequivocally determining the identity of their species. Fourteen percent reported a discrepancy between the text descriptions and the illustrations, and a tenth revealed the absence of designated types for taxa relevant to their work. A similar number indicated deterioration of types to be a reason for either making wrong conclusions in previous descriptions, or for rendering their descriptions incomplete. We argue for E-typing of nematodes as a solution to enhance the future accessibility of type specimens. We stress the need for a concerted effort between museum curators, nematological journals and nematological societies to address the problem and thereby to forge a brighter future for the science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Zealand freshwater mussels are taxonomically revised and compared with key Australian and South American taxa using DNA sequence data. Three living species are recognised:Echyridella menziesii, Echyridella aucklandicaandEchyridella onekaka. Cucumerunio websteri websteriandCucumerunio websteri delli, are treated as junior synonyms ofUnio aucklandica, which is transferred fromCucumerunio(andHyridella) toEchyridella. Lectotypes are designated forUnio waikarensisandUnio hochstetteri, which are illustrated together with primary type specimens of other relevant taxa. The type locality ofU. aucklandicais restricted to the catchment of the Kawakawa River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Paläontologische Zeitschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two new marine diatom species from Argentinean coastal waters,Pleurosigma hinzianumSterrenburg, Sunesen & Sar,sp. nov.andP. frenguellianumSunesen, Sterrenburg & Sar,sp. nov., are described. The characters permitting their identification are specified, based on comparison with type material of the morphologically similar speciesP. amaraStidolph andP. elongatumW. Smith in the light (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). New information on the type material ofP. elongatumis presented and its taxonomic concept is emended. The main criteria for separation of the species discussed here are: valve outline, path of the raphe-sternum, raphe angle and angle of intersection of the oblique striae in LM; and external central and terminal raphe fissures, internal details of the central area, external and internal apical structure, and morphology of the hymen-occluded internal pores in SEM. The occurrence of these (and probably other) species in the genusPleurosigmain net samples is adventitious and not indicative of a true planktonic mode of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We designate lectotypes and propose nomenclatural changes in Xylographus Mellié (Coleoptera, Ciidae) based on type specimens deposited in the Museum of Comparative Zoology (USA), Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Germany), the Natural History Museum (UK), Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de la Ville de Genève (Switzerland), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (France), Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet (Sweden) and Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (Austria). We designate lectotypes for the following species: Cis fultoni Broun, 1886, Xylographus anthracinus Mellié, 1849, X. bicolor Pic, 1916, X. brasiliensis Pic, 1916, X. ceylonicus Ancey, 1876, X. contractus Mellié, 1849, X. corpulentus Mellié, 1849, X. dentatus Pic, 1922, X. gibbus Mellié, 1849, X. hypocritus Mellié, 1849, X. javanus Pic, 1937, X. lemoulti Pic, 1916, X. longicollis Pic, 1922, X. madagascariensis Mellié, 1849, X. nitidissimus Pic, 1916, X. perforatus Gerstaecker, 1871, X. porcus Gorham, 1886, X. punctatus Mellié, 1849, X. ritsemai Pic, 1921, X. rufescens Pic, 1921, X. rufipennis Pic, 1934, X. rufipes Pic, 1930, X. seychellensis Scott, 1926, X. subopacus Pic, 1929, X. subsinuatus Pic, 1916, X. suillus Gorham, 1886, X. testaceitarsis Pic, 1916 and X. tomicoides Reitter, 1902. We propose the following syn. n. (senior synonym listed first): X. anthracinus = X. testaceitarsis, X. brasiliensis = X. lucasi Lopes-Andrade & Zacaro, X. corpulentus = X. lemoulti and X. richardi Mellié, X. madagascariensis = X. eichelbaumi Reitter, X. rufipennis, X. seychellensis Scott and X. tarsalis Fåhraeus, X. nitidissimus = X. longicollis, X. subsinuatus = X. rufescens. We exclude three species from Xylographus: Cis renominatus, nom. n. (for X. dentatus Pic, 1922, not C. dentatus Mellié, 1849), Paratrichapus fultoni (Broun, 1886), comb. n. and P. javanus (Pic, 1937), comb. n. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new marine diatom,Pleurosigma guarreranumSar, Sterrenburg & Sunesen,sp. nov., is described with light and electron microscopy from material collected in coastal waters of the Gulf of San Matías, Río Negro Province, Argentina.Pleurosigma guarreranumresemblesP. exemptumandP. obesumfrom the Philippines. Isotypes ofP. exemptumandP. obesumdeposited in the Albert Mann Collection, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (US), were examined with light microscopy. The observations supported a previous suggestion to includeP. obesumas a heterotypic synonym ofP. exemptum, which has priority. Since there is no available unmounted original material ofP. exemptum, a comparative light microscopical analysis ofP. guarreranumand the type material ofP. exemptumwas made. Despite some similarities, there are subtle differences in morphometric data, valve outline, raphe sternum pattern, and morphology of the central area. But especially, the two species consistently differ in the angle of intersection of the oblique striae, justifying a separate taxonomic position.Pleurosigma guarreranumwas also compared with another species belonging to the sectionFormosi, P. decorum, similar in valve outline, raphe sternum pattern and angle of intersection of the oblique striae. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The type status is described of 96 taxa classified within the superfamily Orthalicoidea and present in the Mollusca collection of the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Lectotypes are designated for the following taxa: Orthalicus elegans Rolle, 1895; Bulimus maranhonensis Albers, 1854; Orthalicus nobilis Rolle, 1895; Orthalichus tricinctus Martens, 1893. Orthalicus sphinx tresmariae is introduced as new name for Zebra sphinx turrita Strebel, 1909, not Z. quagga turrita Strebel, 1909. The following synonyms are established: Zebra crosseifischeri Strebel, 1909 = Orthalicus princeps fischeri Martens, 1893; Orthalicus isabellinus Martens, 1873 = O. bensoni (Reeve, 1849); Zebra zoniferus naesiotes Strebel, 1909 = Orthalicus undatus (Bruguière, 1789); Porphyrobaphe (Myiorthalicus) dennisoni pallida Strebel, 1909 = Hemibulimus dennisoni (Reeve, 1848); Zebra delphinus pumilio Strebel, 1909 = Orthalicus delphinus (Strebel, 1909); Orthalicus (Laeorthalicus) reginaeformis Strebel, 1909 = Corona perversa (Swainson, 1821); Bulimus (Eurytus) corticosus Sowerby III, 1895 = Plekocheilus (Eurytus) stuebeli Martens, 1885. The taxon Bulimus (Eudioptus) psidii Martens, 1877 is now placed within the family Sagdidae, tentatively in the genus Platysuccinea. Appendices are included with an index to all the types of Orthalicoidea extant (including those listed by Köhler 2007) and a partial list of letters present in the correspondence archives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two DNA extraction protocols and nine variations of advocated DNA barcode markers (nuclear LSU D2/D3, ITS1, ITS2, mitochondrial COI-5P, plastid rbcL, UPA) were assessed for their abilities to yield species-level resolution from archival collections of red algae. With the exception of LSU D2/D3, all markers trialed displayed the potential to resolve red algal species. However, shortened COI-5P (COIms) and ITS (ITS2r) markers displayed four to five times the intrageneric divergence of shortened plastid markers and are preferred for their resolving power. For recent archival samples (4-11 years), COIms, ITS2r, and UPA displayed >90% amplification success. However, success rates declined rapidly as samples ranging in age from ca. 45-180 years old were tested. Further, contamination was a serious concern in reamplifications (partially nested PCR), especially for markers using universal primers (e.g., UPA) and for trials that employed the best extraction procedure, i.e., the better an extraction protocol is at isolating small DNA fragments from archival material, the better it is at acquiring small contaminating fragments from the laboratory - an intuitive and unfortunate reality. The ramifications of our results for ongoing attempts to extract DNA from archival red algal collections using PCR-based protocols is discussed along with recommendations to improve the likelihood of authentic outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Type specimens of Protura (Hexapoda) housed at the Museo de La Plata (División Entomología) were examined and listed. For each taxon the updated information and collection data are given. The material includes six species described by the specialists Julia Vidal Sarmiento and Judith Najtbetween 1970 and 1972. The type material consists on six holotypes, two allotypes and 17 para type specimens. Seventy four undetermined specimen slides are retained in the general collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]