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Multiple-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) technique is often used to make decisions when several optimal options are under consideration. It can be difficult to select a reasonable optimal option for the decision maker under consideration of insufficient information. The theory of Hamy mean (HM) operators are used to express correlation among different input arguments and provide a smooth approximation during the decision-making process. Recently, Aczel Alsina aggregating expressions gained a lot of attention from numerous mathematicians under different fuzzy circumstances. This article aims to illustrate the notion of a Pythagorean fuzzy (PyF) set (PyFS) with some restricted constraints, such as a sum of the square of truth membership value and falsity membership value. We developed a series of new approaches under consideration of the HM tools, including PyF Aczel Alsina Hamy mean (PyFAAHM), and PyF Aczel Alsina weighted Hamy mean (PyFAAWHM) operators. Further, we also extend the theory of Dual Hamy mean (DHM) operators and derived a series of new methodologies such as PyF Aczel Alsina Dual Hamy mean (PyFAADHM) and PyF Aczel Alsina weighted Dual Hamy mean (PyFAAWDHM) operators. To demonstrate the flexibility of our derived approaches, we illustrate an application of a multinational company considering the MAGDM technique. An experimental case study is also illustrated to evaluate a reasonable option from a group of options. We see the advantages and compatibility of our findings by comparing the results of existing approaches with the results of currently discussed methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to substantial development in emerging economies over the last three decades, climate complexities are increasing which have posed serious threats to environmental quality and sustainability. To this end, eco‐innovation, green trade openness (GTO), and carbon price have been recognized as effective tools for environmental mitigation and promotion of green growth (GG) in the core of COP 26, Sustainable Development Goals 2030, and Carbon Neutrality by 2060. Considering this, the aim of this study is to investigate the influence of eco‐innovation, GTO, and carbon price on GG and low‐carbon emissions in emerging economies over the period 1996–2021. The current study provides a standard green Solow growth model by introducing a new GG index using the entropy weight method. This index incorporates 30 indicators across five dimensions which emphasizes the essential roles of the investigated factor. Additionally, the current study provides a new index for GTO utilizing an extensive green trading basket of 255 commodities. Due to the cross‐sectional dependency, and slope heterogeneity in the models, this study used dynamic heterogeneous panel data estimation techniques that is, cross‐sectional based augmented nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag, and nonlinear augmented mean group to probe the asymmetric effects. The outcomes from the empirical analysis reveal that positive shocks in environmental innovation, GTO, carbon price, and green energy mitigate carbon emissions and promote green economic growth while the negative shocks in these variables cause environmental degradation and reduce GG in emerging economies. Finally, from policy insight, this study suggests that policy makers in emerging economies should invigorate GTO, stimulate environmental innovation and green energy, implement carbon price mechanisms, and establish a balance between environmental protection and economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, because of the speedy progress of the smart grid and the deepening of the reforms of the energy system, demand-side users can contribute to the collaboration of the energy network, with the main right to public energy procurement and the main right to sell energy. The demand side of the smart grid and the open energy market provides users with more adoptions, and game theory is expected to become an important tool for optimizing multi-stakeholder decision-making and solving many problems in this area. In this regard, this review article first reviews the recent development of game theory application in modern power systems, in addition to discussing in detail the typical gaming behavior of the current energy demand side. Second, it focuses on the application of game theory mainly in three aspects: distributed energy users, high-energy energy users, and medium- and low-energy users. Game theory is used in optimizing the distributed energy coordination, optimizing the energy purchasing strategy, responding to the needs of commercial and residential users, and ensuring network communication. Later, a comprehensive analysis of recent trends in game theory application in power systems is carried out in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suppose C is any nonempty subset of a Banach space X. A mapping T : C → C is said to satisfy condition (Bγ,μ) if there exists μ ∈ [0, 1] and μ ∈ [0, 1/2 ] with 2μ ≤ γ such that for each two elements x, y ∈ C, γ||x - Tx|| ≤ ||x - y|| + μ||y - Ty|| implies ||Tx - Ty|| ≤ (1 - γ)||x - y|| + μ(||x - Ty|| + ||y - Tx||). In this research, we suggest some convergence results for these mappings under a up-to-date iterative process in a Banach space setting. Our results are new and improve some known results of the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A T-spherical fuzzy set (TSFS) is an extended and logical algebraic representation to handle uncertainty, with the help of four functions describing four possible aspects of uncertain information. Aczel-Alsina triangular norm (TN) and conorm (TCN) are novel and proved to be more efficient than other existing TNs and TCNs. In our article, we establish the concept of a T-spherical fuzzy Aczel-Alsina graph (TSFAAG). We described the energy of TSFAAG along with the splitting and shadow energy of TSFAAG. Furthermore, we figured out the Randić energy of TSFAAG and obtained some useful results. Moreover, we give the notion of the Aczel-Alsina digraph (TSFAADG). To see the significance of the proposed TSFAADGs, we employed the energy and Randić energy of TSFAADGs for solving the problem of selecting the best investing company by using a decision-making algorithm. The sensitivity analysis of the variable parameters is also discussed and where the effect on ranking results is studied. To see the effectiveness of the proposed work, we did a comparative study and established some remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research article, we have proved strong and Δ -convergence results for mapping satisfying (R C S C) condition via M-iteration process in CAT(0) spaces. Numerical examples are provided to show the superiority of our results over other existing results and to illustrate the faster convergence of the M iterative scheme as compared to many well-known iterative schemes. In this process, many results are improved in the current literature of CAT(0) spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research work, cellulose was isolated from Dodonaea viscosa plant by means of various chemical processes followed by the preparation of nanocellulose through sulfuric acid hydrolysis. These chemical processes begin with the removal of non-cellulosic material such as lignin, pectin, crude wax, and hemicellulose followed by alkaline treatment and chlorine-free bleaching methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the successful isolation of cellulosic material after removing hemicellulose, lignin, and other extractives. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) elucidated the thermal degradation profile of the cellulose-based materials obtained after various chemical procedures at each step. Additionally, nanocellulose was prepared from cellulosic material using acid hydrolysis, and its structural and thermal properties were discussed. Nanocellulose extraction from the lignocellulosic biomass sources and its further utilization has been the subject of intensive research as the global community needs the use of green chemistry principles in recent life. Nanocellulosic material due to its unique characteristics and properties is of great importance and has many applications in various industries, including materials science and engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Beta thalassemia minor and iron deficiency anemia both exhibit microcytic hypochromic anemia commonly. Different screening indexes have been introduced in order to differentiate between BTT and iron deficiency anemia which are easy to approach and convenient. Objective: Our study aimed to differentiate and screen the BTT and iron deficiency anemia on the basis of different discrimination indexes in order to evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of those indexes. Results: In this study, data from 201 people were collected, in which 175 cases were confirmed diagnosed with heterozygous beta thalassemia having HbA2 equal to or greater than 3.5%. 26 out of 201 were presenting iron deficiency anemia confirmed via serum ferritin. Both genders were included in this study. Upon applying eight different discrimination indexes, none of them showed 100% specificity and sensitivity. However, Shine & Lal index was more sensitive (93%) in diagnosing BTT as compared to others. 166(94%) out of 175 confirmed cases were diagnosed to have beta thalassemia trait via the S&L index followed by the Ricerca index that screened about 74% of total diagnosed cases of beta thalassemia trait. RDWI was also helpful in screening beta thalassemia traits and diagnosed about 73% of confirmed cases of BTT. The order of sensitivity of indexes in detecting BTT is S&L > RICERCA > RDWI > MCHD > MI > E&F > SRIVASTAV > MDHL. E&F index and MDHL screened 92% of confirmed IDA cases showing 88% of sensitivity and were helpful in diagnosing iron deficiency anemia. The order of accuracy of indexes in diagnosing IDA is E&F = MDHL > SRIVASTAV > MI > RDWI= RICERCA > S&L > MCHD Conclusion: Upon studying the sensitivity and specificity of different discrimination indexes regarding BTT and IDA, none of them seemed 100% authentic and accurate to be relied upon. Only RICERCA appears to be the most reliable index to discriminate between BTT and IDA One should go for diagnostic lab tests after being screened with the discrimination index for getting correct and specific treatment and prevent any unpleasant condition upon relying and diagnosis on the basis of discrimination index. The discrimination index is helpful in screening some cases of BTT and IDA but it doesn't perfectly screen all cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approaches are utilized to aggregate ambiguous and imprecise information based on different aggregation operators (AOs). The aim of this article is to explore the notion of single-valued neutrosophic (SVN) set (SVNS), wich is the modified structure of an intuitionistic fuzzy sets and picture fuzzy sets. Some appropriate operations of Aczel Alsina tools under the system of SVN information are also presented. By using the theory of prioritization aggregation model, we developed a class of new approaches including SVN Aczel Alsina prioritized average (SVNAAPA) and SVN Aczel Alsina prioritized geometric (SVNAAPG) operators. We also presented a series of new methodologies in the light of SVN information such as SVN Aczel Alsina prioritized weighted average (SVNAAPWA), and SVN Aczel Alsina prioritized weighted geometric (SVNAAPWG) operators. To verify discussed aggregation approaches, we also presented some notabe characteristics. We established a MADM technique to solve complexities and difficulties during decision-making in our real-life problems. By utilizing a practical numerical example to select an appropriate research scientist for the vacant post of a public university. To find the validity and flexibility of our invented approaches, sensitive analysis, and comparative study by comparing the results of existing approaches with currently proposed aggregation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this work is to connect the recently introduced iterative approximation scheme known as K F -iterative scheme with the class of generalized (α , β) -nonexpansive mappings. We consider the setting of a Banach space to prove our weak and strong convergence results. Once again, we prove that the class of (α , β) -nonexpansive mapping includes properly the classes of Suzuki nonexpansive, generalized α -nonexpansive and as well Reich–Suzuki type nonexpansive mappings by providing a numerical example. Eventually, we prove that K F -iterative scheme of this example is essentially more efficient than the other well-known iterative scheme of the literature. The presented work is new and extends some other well-known results in the iterations theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]