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103. Use of Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor for solubilization and delivery of Rab proteins to biological membranes in streptolysin O-permeabilized cells

Author

Balch, W. E., Der, Channing J, Hall, A., Ullrich, O., Horiuchi, H., Alexandrov, K., Zerial, M., Balch, W. E., Der, Channing J, Hall, A., Ullrich, O., Horiuchi, H., Alexandrov, K., and Zerial, M.

Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the permeabilized cell system and the methods used to study the role of Rab-GDI in the reversible membrane association of Rab proteins. The advantage of using permeabilized cells is that, while the cellular organization is maintained, the intracellular membranes are accessible to biochemical manipulations. Thus, this in vitro system closely mimics the physiological conditions in intact cells. Rab proteins are associated with specific compartments along the exocytic and endocytic pathways. Membrane association requires posttranslational modification of the C-terminal cysteines by the addition of geranylgeranyl moieties. In addition, Rab proteins are also present in the cytosol. Cytosolic Rab proteins are complexed to Rab-GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor), a factor that inhibits the dissociation of GDP and removes Rab proteins from the membrane. These biochemical properties have led to the suggestion that Rab-GDI allows Rab proteins to shuttle between the membrane and the cytosol to serve multiple rounds of vesicular traffic.

Published
1995

115. Accuracy of linear intraoral measurements using cone beam CT and multidetector CT: a tale of two CTs.

Author

Pateas, R., Markic, G., Müller, L., Ullrich, O., Peltomáki, T., Kellenberger, CJ, and Karlo, CA

Subjects
CONE beam computed tomography, MULTIDETECTOR computed tomography, COMPARATIVE studies, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, SOFT tissue infections, STATISTICS, ALVEOLAR nerve, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Objectives: The aim was to compare the accuracy of linear bone measurements of cone beam CT (CBCT) with multidetector CT (MDCT) and validate intraoral soft-tissue measurements in CBCT. Methods: Comparable views of CBCT and MDCT were obtained from eight intact cadaveric heads. The anatomical positions of the gingival margin and the buccal alveolar bone ridge were determined. Image measurements (CBCT/MDCT) were performed upon multiplanar reformatted data sets and compared with the anatomical measurements; the number of non-assessable sites (NASs) was evaluated. Results: Radiological measurements were accurate with a mean difference from anatomical measurements of 0.14 mm (CBCT) and 0.23 mm (MDCT). These differences were statistically not significant, but the limits of agreement for bone measurements were broader in MDCT (--1.35 mm; 1.82 mm) than in CBCT (--0.93 mm; 1.21 mm). The limits of agreement for soft tissue measurements in CBCT were smaller (-0.77 mm; 1.07 mm), indicating a slightly higher accuracy. More NASs occurred in MDCT (14.5%) than in CBCT (8.3%). Conclusions: CBCT is slightly more reliable for linear measurements than MDCT and less affected by metal artefacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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127. Deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest for surgery of complex intracranial aneurysms.

Author

Aebert, H, Brawanski, A, Philipp, A, Behr, R, Ullrich, O W, Keyl, C, and Birnbaum, D E

Abstract

Some intracranial aneurysms may not be operable by conventional neurosurgery due to their location or morphology. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest renders surgery of these complex aneurysms possible. Brain temperatures can be measured directly in this setting.

Published
1998
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128. In vitro fusion of phagosomes with different endocytic organelles from J774 macrophages.

Author

Jahraus, A, Tjelle, T E, Berg, T, Habermann, A, Storrie, B, Ullrich, O, and Griffiths, G

Abstract

We describe novel biochemical and electron microscopy assays to investigate in vitro fusion of latex bead phagosomes with three different endocytic organelle fractions from J774 macrophages. After formation, early phagosomes fuse avidly with early and late endosomes and for a longer period of time with lysosomes, but they subsequently become fusion-incompetent. The fusion of early, but not late, phagosomes with all three endocytic fractions could be significantly stimulated by Rab5. In contrast to other cell types investigated, this Rab is uniquely enriched on both early and late endosomes in J774 macrophages. Moreover, exogenous Rab5 stimulates homotypic fusion between both sets of organelles. This was shown by a quantitative electron microscopy fusion assay that can directly assay fusion between any combination of morphologically defined organelles. By the same approach, we discovered an unexpected Rab5-stimulatable fusion between early and late endosomes in J774, but not in BHK cells. Thus, in J774 cells both Rab5 and the endocytic pathway seem to have evolved additional functions not yet seen in nonphagocytic cells.

Published
1998

129. Evaluation of Microencapsulated Phosphors.

Author

BATTELLE COLUMBUS LABS OH, Reif,R B, Ullrich,O A, Shilliday,T S, McCrady,P E, BATTELLE COLUMBUS LABS OH, Reif,R B, Ullrich,O A, Shilliday,T S, and McCrady,P E

Abstract

To determine how encapsulation affects the light output of electroluminescent phosphors, direct comparisons were made between plain and microencapsulated phosphors of the same control lot with nominal 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0-micron walls. Light output was normalized with respect to the amount of phosphor as a general procedure. Examination under magnification revealed that the encapsulating coatings formed diametric protrusions on the phosphors; however, theoretical studies subsequently indicated that the conical shaped ends probably would not act as light tubes to enhance the apparent light output. Factors such as coating thickness, phosphor composition and concentration, spectral emission, and origin of the emission were studied. Shifts of emission wavelength and emission peaks were noted with decreasing temperature down to about - 265C for both UV and electrical excitation. Encapsulation had no significant effect on the output of UV excited phosphors. The program was concluded with work to confirm the results of initial AFML work which had indicated that microencapsulation enhanced the light output of phosphors. The original results were not confirmed although the same procedures and material lots were used. (Author)

Published
1979

130. Spectral Monitoring of Argon-Tungsten Arc Welding of 6-4 Titanium to Detect the Presence of Air.

Author

BATTELLE COLUMBUS LABS OH, Hyatt,R W, Ullrich,O A, Mishler,H W, BATTELLE COLUMBUS LABS OH, Hyatt,R W, Ullrich,O A, and Mishler,H W

Abstract

The need for careful shielding of the molten weld puddle from air when welding titanium is well known. Molten titanium has a very high solubility for oxygen and nitrogen, and the solution of small amounts of these gases will embrittle the titanium weld. Unfortunately, there is currently no reliable method for nondestructively determining whether oxygen or nitrogen is being picked up by the molten metal during the welding operation. In investigating the possibilities of such a system, aspects which must be evaluated include: Is the presence of nitrogen and/or oxygen detectable in the presence of a great excess of argon and other elements present--titanium, aluminum, vanadium, tungsten, plus possible impurities such as silicon, sodium, and carbon? Can such a detection system be sensitive enough to be useful? Can a rugged, sensitive and quickly responsive system be adaptable to the industrial welding environment and be economically feasible? The first two of these questions have been addressed in detail in the work reported here; the third is discussed but not fully answered.

Published
1982

131. Continuous-Tone Electrostatic Electrography

Author

BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST COLUMBUS OH, Schaffert, R. M., Williams, D. T., Walkup, L. E., Rheinfrank, J. J., Ullrich, O. A., Stockdale, J., Wronski, J. P., Andrus, P. G., Fauser, D. L., Ebert, J. P., Cochran, K. E., Jackson, K. E., Mongali, O. J., Crane, N. B., Oughton, C. D., BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST COLUMBUS OH, Schaffert, R. M., Williams, D. T., Walkup, L. E., Rheinfrank, J. J., Ullrich, O. A., Stockdale, J., Wronski, J. P., Andrus, P. G., Fauser, D. L., Ebert, J. P., Cochran, K. E., Jackson, K. E., Mongali, O. J., Crane, N. B., and Oughton, C. D.

Abstract

Prepared in cooperation with the Haloid Company.

Published
1948

138. The Bonebridge: Preclinical evaluation of a new transcutaneously-activated bone anchored hearing device.

Author

Huber, A.M., Sim, J.H., Xie, Y.Z., Chatzimichalis, M., Ullrich, O., and Röösli, C.

Subjects
*BONE conduction, *LASER Doppler vibrometer, *DEAFNESS, *COCHLEA physiology, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DEAD
Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the functional performance of the Bonebridge (BB, MED-EL), a newly-designed transcutaneous bone conduction implant that allows the skin to remain intact and to compare it with the current clinical model of choice, a percutaneous bone conduction implant (BAHA BP100, Cochlear Bone Anchored Solutions AG). Materials and methods: The devices were compared using two methods: (1) Measurements of cochlear promontory acceleration in five cadaver heads: Accelerations of the cochlear promontories on both ipsilateral and contralateral sides were measured using a Laser Doppler system, with free-field sound stimuli of 90 dB SPL in the frequency range of 0.3–10 kHz (2) Measurements of pure-tone sound field thresholds in 5 normally hearing human adult subjects under a condition of simulated hearing loss. For the latter measurements, the devices were applied to the head using a Softband, and measurements were performed in the frequency range of 0.25–8 kHz. Within investigation comparisons (i.e., in cadavers or listeners) and a cross-comparison analysis of the cadaver and human results were done. Results: Results from the cadaver heads showed that the cochlear promontory acceleration with the BB was higher within 10 dB on the ipsilateral side and lower within 5 dB on the contralateral side than the acceleration with the BAHA, in the frequency range of 0.7–10 kHz. The transcranial attenuation of the acceleration for the BB was greater than for the BAHA within 20 dB. For the sound-field threshold assessments with human subjects, the BB and BAHA showed similar threshold improvements of more than 10 dB HL for the ipsilateral side. For the contralateral side, the threshold improvement with the BB was less than with the BAHA, indicating better separation between ipsilateral and contralateral sides. Conclusions: Preclinical results imply that the BB has functional performance similar to the BAHA and could be beneficial to patients suffering with conductive and mixed hearing losses as well as for those with unilateral impairment. Based on these preliminary results, a carefully designed clinical trial with conservative inclusion criteria can be recommended. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled “MEMRO 2012”. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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139. Cell-Based Therapy During Exploration Class Missions

Author

Oliver Ullrich, Liliana E. Layer, University of Zurich, Choukèr, Alexander, and Ullrich, O

Subjects
Class (computer programming), Spacecraft, 10017 Institute of Anatomy, business.industry, Crew, Space medicine, 610 Medicine & health, Mars Exploration Program, Flight time, Space exploration, Risk analysis (engineering), 570 Life sciences, biology, business, Cell based
Abstract

The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (Orion MPCV) is an American spacecraft currently being developed to support human exploration missions beyond Earth orbit, for example, to asteroids and Mars. A mission to Mars will considerably exceed previous space mission durations and will subject crew members to a substantial radiation exposure. Flight time and cosmic radiation together pose considerable risk, even more since conventional medical care is far away. For that reason, long-term exploration missions in space necessitate complete autonomy of the crew regarding medical support and treatment, and strategies for comprehensive treatment of traumata and cancer should be included for emergency scenarios. Cell-based therapies have meanwhile emerged to new versatile and effective applications in cancer therapy and various tissue damages, for example, skin burns and myocardial infarction. However, storage of frozen therapeutical cell products is rather room and energy consuming. Apart from that, power or technical failure would mean the loss of the valuable and possibly life-saving contents. Lyophilization of human cells could represent a milestone in the preservation of cells for space medicine, allowing long-term storage and transportation of cellular products at ambient temperature. It was already carried out successfully for several blood cells and other cell types used in cell-based approaches to cancer and traumata treatment. Thus, the lyophilization of human cells for therapeutical purposes is a promising approach to cell-based therapy during space exploration missions. Some interesting examples of state of the art in cell-based therapies and lyophilization of cells will be discussed in this chapter with regard to application in space medicine.

Published
2016

140. Hallervordensche Krankheit

Author

Kalinowsky, L., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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141. Tics

Author

Stiefler, Georg, Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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142. Die paroxysmale Lähmung

Author

Straus, Erwin, Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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143. Das erbliche Zittern

Author

Minor, L., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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144. Myoklonien

Author

Stertz, G., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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145. Myasthenia gravis pseudoparalytica. (Myasthenische Paralyse, Bulbärparalyse ohne anatomischen Befund, Erbsche Krankheit.)

Author

Curschmann, Hans, Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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146. Erkrankungen mit blastomatösem Einschlag

Author

Josephy, H., Gagel, O., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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147. Hereditäre Augenerkrankungen

Author

Passow, A., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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148. Allgemeine Einleitung

Author

Kehrer, F., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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149. Die Kleinhirnatrophien

Author

Hallervorden, J., Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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150. Die hereditären Erkrankungen des Cochlearis und seines Endapparates

Author

Goerke, Max, Bumke, O., editor, Foerster, O., editor, Curschmann, H., Gagel, O., Gamper, E., Goerke, M., Hallervorden, J., Josephy, H., Kalinowsky, L., Kehrer, F., Kreyenberg, G., Marburg, O., Mendel, K., Minor, L., Passow, A., Pette, H., Schaffer, K., Slauck, A., Stertz, G., Stiefler, G., Straus, E., Ullrich, O., and Wohlwill, Fr.

Published
1936
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