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602 results on '"University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC)"'

101. HDO and SO2 thermal mapping on Venus

Author: Encrenaz, Thérèse, Greathouse, Thomas K., Marcq, Emmanuel, Sagawa, H., Widemann, Thomas, Bézard, Bruno, Fouchet, Thierry, Lefèvre, Franck, Lebonnois, Sébastien, Atreya, S. K., Lee, Y. J., Giles, R., Watanabe, S., Shao, W., Zhang, Xi, Bierson, C. J., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto Sangyo University, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Planetary Science Laboratory [Ann Arbor] (PSL), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Berlin] (ZAA), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Hokkaido Information University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), European Project: 606798,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2013-1,EUROVENUS(2013), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: planets and satellites: atmospheres, planets and satellites: terrestrial planets, terrestrial planets [planets and satellites], atmospheres [planets and satellites], planetary systems [infrared], infrared: planetary systems, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience Since January 2012, we have been monitoring the behavior of sulfur dioxide and water on Venus, using the Texas Echelon Cross-Echelle Spectrograph imaging spectrometer at the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF, Mauna Kea Observatory). Here, we present new data recorded in February and April 2019 in the 1345 cm−1 (7.4 μm) spectral range, where SO2, CO2, and HDO (used as a proxy for H2O) transitions were observed. The cloud top of Venus was probed at an altitude of about 64 km. As in our previous studies, the volume mixing ratio (vmr) of SO2 was estimated using the SO2/CO2 line depth ratio of weak transitions; the H2O volume mixing ratio was derived from the HDO/CO2 line depth ratio, assuming a D/H ratio of 200 times the Vienna standard mean ocean water. As reported in our previous analyses, the SO2 mixing ratio shows strong variations with time and also over the disk, showing evidence for the formation of SO2 plumes with a lifetime of a few hours; in contrast, the H2O abundance is remarkably uniform over the disk and shows moderate variations as a function of time. We have used the 2019 data in addition to our previous dataset to study the long-term variations of SO2 and H2O. The data reveal a long-term anti-correlation with a correlation coefficient of −0.80; this coefficient becomes −0.90 if the analysis is restricted to the 2014–2019 time period. The statistical analysis of the SO2 plumes as a function of local time confirms our previous result with a minimum around 10:00 and two maxima near the terminators. The dependence of the SO2 vmr with respect to local time shows a higher abundance at the evening terminator with respect to the morning. The dependence of the SO2 vmr with respect to longitude exhibits a broad maximum at 120–200° east longitudes, near the region of Aphrodite Terra. However, this trend has not been observed by other measurements and has yet to be confirmed.
Published: 2020

102. The 22 December 2018 tsunami from flank collapse of Anak Krakatau volcano during eruption

Author: Hiroo Kanamori, Luis Rivera, Kenji Satake, Dimas Sianipar, Lingling Ye, Yu Zhou, Thorne Lay, Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Earthquake Research Institute [Tokyo], and The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Subjects: Flank, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Magnitude (mathematics), SciAdv r-articles, Landslide, Time duration, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Seismic wave, Geophysics, Volcano, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, Ground shaking, Geology, Seismology, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Research Articles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Research Article
Abstract: Rapid quantification of the Anak Krakatau landslide by regional seismic data could have aided in warning of the resulting tsunami., On 22 December 2018, a devastating tsunami struck Sunda Strait, Indonesia without warning, leaving 437 dead and thousands injured along the western Java and southern Sumatra coastlines. Synthetic aperture radar and broadband seismic observations demonstrate that a small
Published: 2020

103. A continuous-time state-space model for rapid quality-control of Argos locations from animal-borne tags

Author: Philip D. Doherty, Robert Harcourt, Brendan J. Godley, Scott D. Whiting, Christophe Guinet, Daniel P. Costa, Toby A. Patterson, Stephen C. Votier, Patrick W. Robinson, Matthew J. Witt, Sarah S. Kienle, Clive R. McMahon, Xavier Hoenner, Mark A. Hindell, W. James Grecian, Ian D. Jonsen, University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit, Dept of Biological Sciences [Australia], Macquarie University [Sydney], CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere [Hobart], Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Environment and Sustainability Institute [UK], University of Exeter, South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute [UK], Falkland Islands Joint Nature Conservation Committee [UK], Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (University of California Santa Cruz), Environment and Sustainability Institute [Penryn, UK], Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions [Australia], Parks and Wildlife Service of Northern Territory, Antartic Wildlife Research Unit, School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), and University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, FOS: Computer and information sciences, Ocean observations, Computer science, Reliability (computer networking), QH301 Biology, Animal-borne sensors, NDAS, Satellite system, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Statistics - Applications, Template model builder, QH301, Bio-telemetry, Global Positioning System, Applications (stat.AP), 14. Life underwater, Pinniped, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM), Remote sensing, State-space representation, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Methodology Article, Template Model Builder, Filter (signal processing), Kalman filter, Seabird, Sea turtle, foieGras R package, lcsh:Biology (General), Animal ecology, FOS: Biological sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business
Abstract: State-space models are important tools for quality control of error-prone animal movement data. The near real-time (within 24 h) capability of the Argos satellite system aids dynamic ocean management of human activities by informing when animals enter intensive use zones. This capability also facilitates use of ocean observations from animal-borne sensors in operational ocean forecasting models. Such near real-time data provision requires rapid, reliable quality control to deal with error-prone Argos locations. We formulate a continuous-time state-space model for the three types of Argos location data (Least-Squares, Kalman filter, and Kalman smoother), accounting for irregular timing of observations. Our model is deliberately simple to ensure speed and reliability for automated, near real-time quality control of Argos data. We validate the model by fitting to Argos data collected from 61 individuals across 7 marine vertebrates and compare model-estimated locations to GPS locations. Estimation accuracy varied among species with median Root Mean Squared Errors usually < 5 km and decreased with increasing data sampling rate and precision of Argos locations. Including a model parameter to inflate Argos error ellipse sizes resulted in more accurate location estimates. In some cases, the model appreciably improved the accuracy of the Argos Kalman smoother locations, which should not be possible if the smoother uses all available information. Our model provides quality-controlled locations from Argos Least-Squares or Kalman filter data with slightly better accuracy than Argos Kalman smoother data that are only available via reprocessing. Simplicity and ease of use make the model suitable both for automated quality control of near real-time Argos data and for manual use by researchers working with historical Argos data., 25 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2020
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104. Initial results from the InSight mission on Mars

Author: Sharon Kedar, Don Banfield, Scott M. McLennan, Nicholas Schmerr, Justin N. Maki, Gareth S. Collins, John Clinton, Anna Mittelholz, Paul Morgan, Mélanie Drilleau, Sabine Stanley, Chloé Michaut, Nicholas A Teanby, Daniele Antonangeli, Jeroen Tromp, W. Bruce Banerdt, James B. Garvin, Mark A. Wieczorek, Jerzy Grygorczuk, Suzanne E. Smrekar, Catherine L. Johnson, Aymeric Spiga, Peter Chi, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Raphaël F. Garcia, Claire E. Newman, Seiichi Nagihara, Matthias Grott, W. Thomas Pike, Philippe Lognonné, Véronique Dehant, Ana-Catalina Plesa, Matthew Fillingim, Domenico Giardini, Taichi Kawamura, Mark T. Lemmon, Antoine Mocquet, Naomi Murdoch, Ebru Bozdag, David Mimoun, Ludovic Margerin, Matthew P. Golombek, Jessica C. E. Irving, Troy L. Hudson, Sami W. Asmar, Günter Kargl, Martin Knapmeyer, Mark P. Panning, Francis Nimmo, Scott D. King, John A. Grant, Sebastien Rodriguez, Martin van Driel, Nicholas H. Warner, Nils Mueller, José Antonio Rodríguez-Manfredi, Christopher T. Russell, Caroline Beghein, Clément Perrin, Ulrich R. Christensen, William M. Folkner, Renee Weber, Neil Bowles, Ingrid Daubar, Simon Stähler, Tilman Spohn, Eléanore Stutzmann, Ralph D. Lorenz, Matthew A. Siegler, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science (CCAPS), Cornell University, Institute of Geophysics [ETH Zürich], Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Vancouver] (EOAS), University of British Columbia (UBC), Département de géophysique spatiale et planétaire (DGSP (UMR_7096)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Geosciences [Princeton], Princeton University, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Swiss Seismological Service [ETH Zurich] (SED), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences [Providence], Brown University, Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels], Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (IRSGIS), School of Earth and Space Sciences [Beijing], Peking University [Beijing]-Peking University [Beijing], Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Graphics and Vision Research Laboratory (Graphics Lab), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Space Science Institute [Boulder] (SSI), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), AstraZeneca, Aeolis Research, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida [Gainesville], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (EPSS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Southern California (USC), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University [New York], Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Vancouver] (UBC EOAS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (SwRI), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of California, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC), Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Tromp, J. [0000-0002-2742-8299], Rodríguez, S. [0000-0003-1219-0641], Lognonné, P. [0000-0002-1014-920X], Perrin, C. [0000-0002-7200-5682], Murdoch, N. [0000-0002-9701-4075], Knapmeyer, M. [0000-0003-0319-2514], Rodríguez Manfredi, J. A. [0000-0003-0461-9815], Spiga, A. [0000-0002-6776-6268], Panning, M. P. [0000-0002-2041-3190], García, R. [0000-0003-1460-6663], Johnson, C. [0000-0001-6084-0149], Stutzmann, E. [0000-0002-4348-7475], Knapmeyer-Endrun, B. [0000-0003-3309-6785], Schmerr, N. [0000-0002-3256-1262], Irving, J. C. E. [0000-0002-0866-8246], Morgan, P. [0000-0001-8714-4178], Mueller, N. [0000-0001-9229-8921], Pike, W. [0000-0002-7660-6231], Kawamura, T. [0000-0001-5246-5561], Clinton, J. [0000-0001-8626-2703], Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), ANR-10LABX-0023 ANR-11-IDEX-0005-0, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF- ANR project), 157133, ETH Research grant, ETH-06 17-02, Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2250, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and Science & Technology Facilities Council
Subjects: Seismometer, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Impact crater, Autre, Planet, Inner planets, InSight Mars Geophysik, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Seismology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Atmospheric dynamics, Geomorphology, Moment magnitude scale, Mars InSight, Geomagnetism, Mars Exploration Program, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Intraplate earthquake, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Timekeeping on Mars, [SDU.OTHER]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Other, InSight mission, Geology
Abstract: Banerdt, William B. et al., NASA’s InSight (Interior exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) mission landed in Elysium Planitia on Mars on 26 November 2018. It aims to determine the interior structure, composition and thermal state of Mars, as well as constrain present-day seismicity and impact cratering rates. Such information is key to understanding the differentiation and subsequent thermal evolution of Mars, and thus the forces that shape the planet’s surface geology and volatile processes. Here we report an overview of the first ten months of geophysical observations by InSight. As of 30 September 2019, 174 seismic events have been recorded by the lander’s seismometer, including over 20 events of moment magnitude M = 3–4. The detections thus far are consistent with tectonic origins, with no impact-induced seismicity yet observed, and indicate a seismically active planet. An assessment of these detections suggests that the frequency of global seismic events below approximately M = 3 is similar to that of terrestrial intraplate seismic activity, but there are fewer larger quakes; no quakes exceeding M = 4 have been observed. The lander’s other instruments—two cameras, atmospheric pressure, temperature and wind sensors, a magnetometer and a radiometer—have yielded much more than the intended supporting data for seismometer noise characterization: magnetic field measurements indicate a local magnetic field that is ten-times stronger than orbital estimates and meteorological measurements reveal a more dynamic atmosphere than expected, hosting baroclinic and gravity waves and convective vortices. With the mission due to last for an entire Martian year or longer, these results will be built on by further measurements by the InSight lander., With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)
Published: 2020

105. The Confidence Database

Author: Alan L. F. Lee, Polina Arbuzova, Torin K. Clark, Nadia Haddara, Damian P. Birney, Tricia X. F. Seow, Gerit Pfuhl, Tzu Yu Hsu, Caroline Peters, Jason Samaha, Maxine T. Sherman, David Soto, Maël Lebreton, Michael Pereira, Manuel Rausch, Ji Won Bang, Fuat Balcı, Gabriel Weindel, Karolina M. Lempert, Sabina Gherman, Antonio Martin, Denis O'Hora, Ariel Zylberberg, Başak Akdoğan, Peter D. Kvam, Matt Jaquiery, Gabriel Reyes, Eleanor R. Palser, Marcin Koculak, Audrey Mazancieux, Joshua Calder-Travis, Jeroen J.A. van Boxtel, Andrey Chetverikov, Yalçın Akın Duyan, Chen Song, Liang Luo, Borysław Paulewicz, Medha Shekhar, Vincent de Gardelle, Saeedeh Sadeghi, Kit S. Double, Karen Davranche, Christina Koß, Nathan Faivre, Troy C. Dildine, Sze Chai Kwok, Marios G. Philiastides, Indrit Bègue, Marion Rouault, Kobe Desender, Marta Siedlecka, Zuzanna Skóra, Lauren Y. Atlas, Fernanda Prieto, Xinming Xu, Justin Kantner, Jiwon Yeon, Brian Maniscalco, David Aguilar-Lleyda, Futing Zou, Timothy F. Brady, Xiao Hu, Mahiko Konishi, Julian Matthews, Sai Sun, Sébastien Massoni, William T. Adler, Shuo Wang, Rachel N. Denison, Samuel Recht, Jérôme Sackur, Thibault Gajdos, Kaitlyn Fallow, Michał Wierzchoń, Daniel M. Merfeld, Chien Ming Lo, Elisa Filevich, Iñaki Iturrate, Marine Hainguerlot, Christoph T. Weidemann, Qun Ye, Regan M. Gallagher, Dobromir Rahnev, Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Lingnan Normal University, Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA, Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Columbia University [New York], Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience [Berlin], Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), New York University School of Medicine (NYU), New York University School of Medicine, NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Department of Psychology (University of California San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university [Nijmegen], Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Department of Education, University of Oxford, Applied Economics, Cognitive Psychology, Koç University, Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Department of Experimental & Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VUPSY), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Capital Normal University [Beijing], California State University [Northridge] (CSUN), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE & STCSM), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Swiss Center for Affective Science, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing (ENCICABEQ), Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, University College of London [London] (UCL), SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Partenaires INRAE, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Glasgow, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Universidad del Desarrollo, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt (KU), Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs (LSP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'informatique de l'École polytechnique [Palaiseau] (LIX), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Cornell University [New York], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), Trinity College Dublin, Sackler Ctr Consciousness Sci, Brighton, E Sussex, University of Sussex, Cardiff University, Basque Ctr Cognit Brain & Language, San Sebastian, Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao, CALTECH, Div Biol, Pasadena, CALTECH, Div Computat & Neural Syst, Pasadena, Monash University [Melbourne], University of Canberra, West Virginia University [Morgantown], Swansea University, East China Normal University [Shangaï] (ECNU), University of Rochester [USA], The organization of the Confidence Database was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health under award number R56MH119189 to D.R., ANR-16-CE28-0002,ImpactMeta,impact de la métacognition sur le comportement(2016), ANR-16-ASTR-0014,MetaStress,Impact du stress sur la décision et la métacognition: applications en aéronautique(2016), Balcı, Fuat (ORCID 0000-0003-3390-9352 & YÖK ID 51269), Duyan, Yalçın Akın, Kvam, Peter D., Rahnev, Dobromir, Desender, Kobe, Lee, Alan L. F., Adler, William T., Aguilar-Lleyda, David, Akdoğan, Başak, Arbuzova, Polina, Atlas, Lauren Y., Bang, Ji Won, Bègue, Indrit, Birney, Damian P, Brady, Timothy F., Calder-Travis, Joshua, Chetverikov, Andrey, Clark, Torin K., Davranche, Karen, Denison, Rachel N., Dildine, Troy C., Double, Kit S., Faivre, Nathan, Fallow, Kaitlyn, Filevich, Elisa, Gajdos, Thibault, Gallagher, Regan M., de Gardelle, Vincent, Gherman, Sabina, Haddara, Nadia, Hainguerlot, Marine, Hsu, Tzu-Yu, Hu, Xiao, Iturrate, Iñaki, Jaquiery, Matt, Kantner, Justin, Koculak, Marcin, Konishi, Mahiko, Koß, Christina, Kwok, Sze Chai, Lebreton, Maël, Lempert, Karolina M., Ming Lo, Chien, Luo, Liang, Maniscalco, Brian, Martin, Antonio, Massoni, Sébastien, Matthews, Julian, Mazancieux, Audrey, Merfeld, Daniel M., O’Hora, Denis, Palser, Eleanor R., Paulewicz, Borysław, Pereira, Michael, Peters, Caroline, Philiastides, Marios G., Pfuhl, Gerit, Prieto, Fernanda, Rausch, Manuel, Recht, Samuel, Reyes, Gabriel, Rouault, Marion, Sackur, Jérôme, Sadeghi, Saeedeh, Samaha, Jason, Seow, Tricia X. F., Shekhar, Medha, Sherman, Maxine T., Siedlecka, Marta, Skóra, Zuzanna, Song, Chen, Soto, David, Sun, Sai, van Boxtel, Jeroen J. A., Wang, Shuo, Weidemann, Christoph T., Weindel, Gabriel, Wierzchoń, Michał, Xu, Xinming, Ye, Qun, Yeon, Jiwon, Zou, Futing, Zylberberg, Ariel, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, PSL Univ, Ecole Normale Super, Lab Syst Percetifs, Dept Etud Cognit,CNRS, PSL Univ, Ecole Normale Super, INSERM, Dept Etud Cognit,CNRS,EHESS, École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Humboldt University Of Berlin, Department of Psychology [Univ California San Diego] (Psycho - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Radboud University [Nijmegen], University of Colorado [Boulder], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Pennsylvania, AgroParisTech-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities (SWPS), The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science
Subjects: Databases, Factual, SIGNAL-DETECTION, Computer science, Datasets as Topic, Social Sciences, Confidence, INSIGHT, computer.software_genre, Signal-detection, Choice, Availability, Recognition, Insight, Choice Behavior, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Behavioral Neuroscience, ddc:616.89, Mental Processes, 0302 clinical medicine, Software, insight, Task Performance and Analysis, Psychology, choice, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Thesaurus (information retrieval), Psychology, Biological, Database, Psychology, Experimental, Cognition, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 16. Peace & justice, CHOICE, Multidisciplinary Sciences, ddc:128.37, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260, Science & Technology - Other Topics, recognition, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, Psychometrics, Social Psychology, VDP::Social science: 200::Psychology: 260, media_common.quotation_subject, availability, MEDLINE, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Article, Databases, 03 medical and health sciences, Perception, Reaction Time, Humans, Set (psychology), Factual, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, business.industry, Extramural, AVAILABILITY, Neurosciences, RECOGNITION, signal-detection, Psychology, biological, Multidisciplinary sciences, Psychology, experimental, ddc:616.8, Study, Neurosciences & Neurology, Metacognition, business, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Understanding how people rate their confidence is critical for the characterization of a wide range of perceptual, memory, motor and cognitive processes. To enable the continued exploration of these processes, we created a large database of confidence studies spanning a broad set of paradigms, participant populations and fields of study. The data from each study are structured in a common, easy-to-use format that can be easily imported and analysed using multiple software packages. Each dataset is accompanied by an explanation regarding the nature of the collected data. At the time of publication, the Confidence Database (which is available at ) contained 145 datasets with data from more than 8,700 participants and almost 4 million trials. The database will remain open for new submissions indefinitely and is expected to continue to grow. Here we show the usefulness of this large collection of datasets in four different analyses that provide precise estimations of several foundational confidence-related effects., NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Published: 2020

106. The genesis of giants: behavioural ontogeny of male northern elephant seals

Author: Isabelle Charrier, Caroline Casey, Parker Forman, Colleen Reichmuth, C. Nasr, Nicolas Mathevon, Charrier, Isabelle, Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, dominance hierarchy, Occupancy, Ontogeny, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], behavioural ontogeny, northern elephant seal, individual recognition, male-male competition, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Sexual maturity, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal communication, 14. Life underwater, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, animal communication, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, dominance hierarchies, learning, biology, Social network, business.industry, acoustic communication, 05 social sciences, male–male competition, Social environment, vocal production, biology.organism_classification, Dominance hierarchy, Mirounga angustirostris, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Evolutionary biology, individual acoustic signature, Animal Science and Zoology, social network, vocal signature, business
Abstract: International audience; Dominance hierarchies structure the adult social networks of many mammals. To identify the conditions that support the establishment of stable hierarchical relationships within groups of familiar rivals, we explored the ontogeny of spatial, social and communicative behaviour among male northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris. We demonstrate that as male seals reach sexual maturity, they increase residency time ashore and restrict fine-scale movement patterns within the breeding colony. This spatiotemporal overlap creates a predictable social environment in which repeated interactions promote greater social connectivity between older individuals. Moreover, as males become physically and behaviourally mature, their ritualized vocal displays transition from highly variable calls to stable and unique individual acoustic signatures, supporting recognition between familiar competitors. The developmental onset of reliable signature calls – along with concurrent changes in space occupancy – coincide with the formation of stable, structured dominance relationships among top-level competitors. These findings advance our understanding of the ontogeny of social behaviour under conditions of extreme competition.
Published: 2020

107. Optical spectroscopy of Blazars for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: S. Pita, Elina Lindfors, Catherine Boisson, P. Goldoni, O. Hervet, H. Sol, J. Becerra-Gonzalez, Garret Cotter, V. Navarro-Aranguiz, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Stephan Wagner, E. Kasai, Michael Backes, J.-P. Lenain, David A. Williams, Filippo D'Ammando, U. Barres de Almeida, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics (SCIPP), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Universitad de Chile, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, Landessternwarte Königstuhl [ZAH] (LSW), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Oxford, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], gamma-rays: galaxies, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, Blazar, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-rays galaxies, BL Lacertae objects: general, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Extragalactic background light, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies: distances and redshifts, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Context. Blazars are the most numerous class of High Energy (HE; E about 50 MeV - few 100 GeV) and Very High Energy (VHE; E about 100 GeV - 10 TeV) gamma-ray emitters. As of today, a measured spectroscopic redshift is available for only about 50% of gamma-ray BL Lacs, mainly due to the difficulty of measuring reliable redshifts from their nearly featureless, continuum-dominated optical spectra. The knowledge of the redshift is fundamental for understanding the emission from blazars, for population studies and also for indirect studies of the extragalactic background light and searches for Lorentz invariance violation and axion-like particles using blazars. Aims. This paper is the first of a series of papers which aim to measure the redshift of a sample of blazars likely to be detected with the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), a ground based gamma-ray observatory. Methods. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to select those hard spectrum gamma-ray blazars detected with the Fermi-LAT telescope still lacking redshift measurements but likely to be detected by CTA in 30 hours of observing time or less. Optical observing campaigns involving deep imaging and spectroscopic observations were organised to efficiently constrain their redshifts. We performed deep medium to high resolution spectroscopy of nineteen blazar optical counterparts using the ESI spectrograph at Keck, the RSS spectrograph at the SALT telescope, and the EFOSC2 spectrograph at the ESO NTT. We searched systematically for spectral features and, when possible, we estimated the contribution of the host galaxy to the total flux. Results. We measured eleven firm spectroscopic redshifts with values ranging from 0.1116 to 0.482. one tentative redshift, three redshift lower limits including one at z > 0.449 and another at z > 0.868. There were four objects found to have featureless spectra., Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2020
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108. The action spectrum characterizes closed contact 3-manifolds all of whose Reeb orbits are closed

Author: Marco Mazzucchelli, Daniel Cristofaro-Gardiner, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées (UMPA-ENSL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Pure mathematics, General Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Dynamical Systems (math.DS), Rank (differential topology), 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, FOS: Mathematics, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Classical theorem, 53C22, 58E10, Mathematics::Symplectic Geometry, Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Manifold, [MATH.MATH-SG]Mathematics [math]/Symplectic Geometry [math.SG], Flow (mathematics), Differential Geometry (math.DG), Mathematics - Symplectic Geometry, Orbit (dynamics), Symplectic Geometry (math.SG), 010307 mathematical physics, Mathematics::Differential Geometry
Abstract: A classical theorem due to Wadsley implies that, on a connected contact manifold all of whose Reeb orbits are closed, there is a common period for the Reeb orbits. In this paper we show that, for any Reeb flow on a closed connected 3-manifold, the following conditions are actually equivalent: (1) every Reeb orbit is closed; (2) all closed Reeb orbits have a common period; (3) the action spectrum has rank 1. We also show that, on a fixed closed connected 3-manifold, a contact form with an action spectrum of rank 1 is determined (up to pull-back by diffeomorphisms) by the set of minimal periods of its closed Reeb orbits., Comment: 18 pages; version 3: we specified that the contact manifolds are required to be connected. To appear in Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici
Published: 2020

109. The seismicity of Mars

Author: Simon Stähler, Anna Horleston, Sharon Kedar, John-Robert Scholz, L. Luno, J. B. McClean, Henri Samuel, Fabian Euchner, S. Barkaoui, Tristram Warren, Mélanie Drilleau, Martin Schimmel, Maren Böse, M. Nonon, M. van Driel, Nicholas A Teanby, Alexander E. Stott, Savas Ceylan, Ludovic Margerin, A. Jacob, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, William B. Banerdt, Guenole Mainsant, Tamara Gudkova, Antoine Lucas, T. Gabsi, Renee Weber, Taichi Kawamura, Vincent Conejero, Eléonore Stutzmann, Daniele Antonangeli, C. Agard, Constantinos Charalambous, C. Ferrier, P. Combes, K. Hurst, Philippe Lognonné, Don Banfield, Aymeric Spiga, William T. Pike, Constanza Pardo, J. A Rodriguez Manfredi, Martin Knapmeyer, Attilio Rivoldini, Francis Nimmo, U. R. Christensen, Sue Smrekar, Ingrid Daubar, R. Llorca-Cejudo, Mark P. Panning, Scott D. King, Eric Beucler, Foivos Karakostas, Amir Khan, E. Barrett, Mark A. Wieczorek, Raphaël F. Garcia, Clément Perrin, Naomi Murdoch, David Mimoun, C. Yana, John Clinton, Domenico Giardini, Swiss National Supercomputing Centre, Swiss National Science Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Switzerland), UK Space Agency, California Institute of Technology, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Schimmel, Martin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institute of Geophysics [ETH Zürich], Department of Earth Sciences [Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INSTITUT OF GEOPHYSICS ETHZ, Swiss Seismological Service, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [München], Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Department of Geological Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|Geological), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Cornell University [New York], Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Academy-EURAC, Institute for Applied Remote Sensing, Kyoto University [Kyoto], Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax UMR1087 UMR6291 (ITX), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Schmidt United Institute of Physics of the Earth [Moscow] (IPE), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), NASA, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux (LIM), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), UNS-CNRS-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Department of Earth Sciences [ETH Zürich] (D-ERDW), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida [Gainesville], Oncogenesis Stress Signaling (OSS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC), Cornell University, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Schimmel, Martin [0000-0003-2601-4462], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Munich], Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR6112 (LPG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-14-CE36-0012,SEISMARS,Seismology on Mars(2014)
Subjects: Seismometer, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, Induced seismicity, InSight Mars Marsbeben Seismizität, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, seismology, 01 natural sciences, Mantle (geology), Elysium, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, Autre, Planet, inner planets, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Seismology, InSight, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Seismicity, Crust, Geology, Mars Exploration Program, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: The InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) mission landed in Elysium Planitia on Mars on 26 November 2018 and fully deployed its seismometer by the end of February 2019. The mission aims to detect, characterize and locate seismic activity on Mars, and to further constrain the internal structure, composition and dynamics of the planet. Here, we present seismometer data recorded until 30 September 2019, which reveal that Mars is seismically active. We identify 174 marsquakes, comprising two distinct populations: 150 small-magnitude, high-frequency events with waves propagating at crustal depths and 24 low-frequency, subcrustal events of magnitude Mw 3–4 with waves propagating at various depths in the mantle. These marsquakes have spectral characteristics similar to the seismicity observed on the Earth and Moon. We determine that two of the largest detected marsquakes were located near the Cerberus Fossae fracture system. From the recorded seismicity, we constrain attenuation in the crust and mantle, and find indications of a potential low-S-wave-velocity layer in the upper mantle. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited., We acknowledge NASA, CNES and its partner agencies and institutions (UKSA, SSO, DLR, JPL, IPGP-CNRS, ETHZ, IC and MPS-MPG) and the flight operations team at JPL, SISMOC, MSDS, IRIS-DMC and PDS for providing SEIS data. The Swiss co-authors were jointly funded by (1) the Swiss National Science Foundation and French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (SNF-ANR project 157133 ‘Seismology on Mars’), (2) the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF project 172508 ‘Mapping the internal structure of Mars’), (3) the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SEFRI project ‘MarsQuake Service-Preparatory Phase’) and (4) ETH Research grant no. ETH-06 17-02. Additional support came from the Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS) under project ID s922. The Swiss contribution in the implementation of the SEIS electronics was made possible by funding from the federal Swiss Space Office (SSO) and contractual and technical support from the ESA-PRODEX office. The French Team acknowledge the French Space Agency CNES, which has supported and funded all SEIS-related contracts and CNES employees, as well as CNRS and the French team universities for personal and infrastructure support. Additional support was provided by ANR (ANR-14-CE36-0012-02 and ANR-19-CE31-0008-08) and, for the IPGP team, by the UnivEarthS Labex programme (ANR-10-LABX-0023), IDEX Sorbonne Paris Cité (ANR-11-IDEX-0005-0). SEIS-SP development and delivery were funded by the UK Space Agency. A portion of the work was carried out at the InSight Project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The MPS SEIS team acknowledges funding for development of the SEIS leveling system by the DLR German Space Agency. We thank gempa GmbH for software development related to the MQS tools. This paper is InSight contribution number 102.
Published: 2020

110. Contaminants, prolactin and parental care in an Arctic seabird: Contrasted associations of perfluoroalkyl substances and organochlorine compounds with egg-turning behavior

Author: Dorte Herzke, Jan Ove Bustnes, Frédéric Angelier, Geir Wing Gabrielsen, Paco Bustamante, Baptiste Picard, Pierre Blévin, Børge Moe, Olivier Chastel, Scott A. Shaffer, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Akvaplan niva AS (APN) [Norway], Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Division of Arctic Ecology (NINA), Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Norvegian Polar Research Institute (NPRI), Norwegian Polar Institute, ANR-16-CE34-0005,ILETOP,Impact des polluants historiques et émergents sur les prédateurs supérieurs marins de l'Arctique(2016), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)
Subjects: Male, Rissa tridactyla, Zoology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Charadriiformes, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Nutrient, Corticosterone, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Animals, Endocrine system, Incubation, Ovum, 030304 developmental biology, Fluorocarbons, 0303 health sciences, Geography, biology, Arctic Regions, Incubation behaviors, Mercury, Organochlorine compounds, biology.organism_classification, Prolactin, Perfluoroalkyl substances, Alkanesulfonic Acids, chemistry, Kittiwake, embryonic structures, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Egg-loggers, Black-legged kittiwake, Environmental Pollution, Paternal care
Abstract: International audience; Incubating eggs represents a trade-off for parent birds between spending enough time fasting to take care of the clutch and to get enough nutrients for self-maintenance. It is believed that the pituitary hormone prolactin plays an important role in such allocation processes. Incubation does not solely imply the active warming of the eggs but also the active egg-turning to facilitate absorption of albumen by the embryo, reduce malposition and prevent the embryo from adhering to the inner shell membrane. However, how prolactin secretion is related to egg-turning behaviors is presently poorly addressed. In addition, several environmental contaminants can affect parental care behaviors through their endocrine disrupting properties but the effects of such contaminants on egg-turning behaviors remain so far unexplored. Using artificial eggs equipped with miniaturized data loggers, we investigated the relationships between egg-turning behaviors, prolactin secretion and contaminants burden in Arctic black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). Specifically, we examined the relationships between blood concentrations of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), organochlorines (OCs), mercury (Hg), plasma prolactin levels and both egg-turning frequency and angular change. We also incorporated baseline corticosterone levels since this glucocorticoid is known to affect parental care. Plasma prolactin levels were positively related to angular change in female kittiwakes while corticosterone was not related to egg-turning behaviors in either sex. Hg was not related to egg-turning behaviors in either sex. We found contrasting associations between OCs and PFASs, since polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were negatively associated with angular change in females, contrary to linear perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOSlin) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) which were positively related to egg-turning frequency and angular change in both sexes. Additionally, PFASs concentrations were positively related to prolactin levels in female kittiwake. The possible stimulation of prolactin secretion by PFASs could therefore make adult kittiwakes to allocate more time taking care of their eggs, and thus possibly modify the trade-off between spending enough time caring for the clutch and obtaining enough nutrients at sea.
Published: 2020

111. Water availability and temperature induce changes in oxidative status during pregnancy in a viviparous lizard

Author: Jean Clobert, Sandrine Meylan, Beatriz Decencière, Donald B. Miles, Pauline Blaimont, Jean-François Le Galliard, Simon Agostini, Murielle Richard, Andréaz Dupoué, David Rozen-Rechels, Rémi Martin, Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie et évolution, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ohio University, CEREEP-Ecotron Ile de France (UMS 3194), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Le Galliard, Jean-François, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE02-0013,AQUATHERM,Rôles de la régulation hydrique et thermique dans les réponses écologiques au changement climatique(2017), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), Fonctionnement et évolution des systèmes écologiques (FESE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis (SEEM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dept Ecol Evol Biol, Univ California SC (EEB-UCSC), University of California-University of California, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, reactive oxygen metabolites, Offspring, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, water, Zoology, antioxidant capacity, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, biology.animal, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, medicine, ectotherm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Organism, media_common, Pregnancy, biology, Reproductive success, Lizard, temperature, medicine.disease, fitness, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, Ectotherm, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, pregnancy, Reproduction, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Oxidative stress, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Reproduction involves considerable reorganization in an organism's physiology that incurs potential toxicity for cells (e.g., oxidative stress) and decrease in fitness. This framework has been the cornerstone of the so-called 'oxidative cost of reproduction', a theory that remains controversial and relatively overlooked in non-model ectotherms. Here, we used two complementary approaches in natural and controlled conditions to test whether altered access to climate conditions (water and temperature resources) alters oxidative status and mediates reproductive trade-offs in viviparous populations of the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara). First, we examined whether access to free-standing water and differences in ambient temperature across 12 natural populations could be related to variation in oxidative status, reproductive effort and reproductive success. Second, we determined whether an experimental restriction to water triggers higher oxidative cost of reproduction and correlates with fitness measures (reproductive success, future survival rate and probability of future reproduction). Pregnant females exhibited higher sensitivity than males to natural or experimental limitations in temperature and water access. That is, in restricted environments, pregnant females with higher reproductive effort exhibited stronger oxidative damage despite enhanced non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity. Enhanced antioxidant defensive capacity in pregnant females was positively correlated with higher reproductive success, whereas elevated oxidative damage negatively correlated with offspring annual survival. Altogether, our results revealed a context-dependent oxidative cost of reproduction that was concomitant with a conflict in water demand from offspring. These new insights should be critical for understanding ectotherm responses to heat waves and summer droughts that are increasing in frequency and duration. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Published: 2019

112. Comparative phylogeography of three host sea anemones in the Indo‐Pacific

Author: Michael L. Berumen, Gerrit B. Nanninga, Madeleine Anne Emms, Pablo Saenz-Agudelo, Emily C. Giles, Remy Gatins, Suzanne C. Mills, Ashley J. Frisch, Ricardo Beldade, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Anna Scott, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Universidad Austral de Chile, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Christmas Island, Biodiversity, New guinea, Atoll, Coral reef, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogeography, Geography, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Reef, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Indo-Pacific, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; AimThe mutualistic relationship between anemones and anemonefishes is one of the most iconic examples of symbiosis. However, while anemonefishes have been extensively studied in terms of genetic connectivity, such information is lacking entirely for host sea anemones. Here, we provide the first information on the broad‐scale population structure and phylogeographical patterns of three species of host sea anemone, Heteractis magnifica, Stichodactyla mertensii and Entacmaea quadricolor. We evaluate if there is concordance in genetic structure across several distinct biogeographical areas within the Indo‐Pacific region and to what extent the observed patterns may concur with those found for anemonefishes.LocationIndo‐Pacific, including the Red Sea.TaxonHeteractis magnifica, S. mertensii and E. quadricolorMethodsMicrosatellite markers and a combination of statistical methods including Bayesian clustering, isolation by distance (IBD), analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were used to determine population structure. The congruence among distance matrices (CADM) method was used to assess similarity in spatial genetic patterns among species.ResultsSignificant population structure was identified in the three host anemone species. Each species is likely composed of at least two genetic clusters corresponding to two biogeographical regions, the Red Sea and the rest of the Indo‐Pacific. Two of the three anemone species seem to be experiencing admixture where the two main clusters overlap (the Maldives). IBD analyses in the Red Sea revealed differences in gene flow among species, suggesting more limited dispersal potential for E. quadricolor than for S. mertensii and H. magnifica. Clonality is documented in S. mertensii for the first time.Main conclusionsThis research documents the genetic population structure for three ecologically important host sea anemones across the Indo‐Pacific and provides valuable insights regarding their biogeography and evolution. Specifically, we found high levels of genetic divergence between populations across different biogeographical regions, suggesting different evolutionary lineages within species. At the same time, common geographical overlap of population structures suggests similar evolutionary histories among all three species. Interestingly, the observed patterns are congruent to some extent with structure reported for several anemonefish species, reflecting their close ecological association.
Published: 2019

113. Astro2020 Science White Paper: Construction of an L* Galaxy: the Transformative Power of Wide Fields for Revealing the Past, Present and Future of the Great Andromeda System

Author: Gilbert, Karoline M., Tollerud, Erik J., Anderson, Jay, Beaton, Rachael L., Bell, Eric F., Brooks, Alyson, Brown, Thomas M., Bullock, James, Carlin, Jeffrey L., Collins, Michelle, Cooper, Andrew, Crnojevic, Denija, Dalcanton, Julianne, del Pino, Andres, D'Souza, Richard, Escala, Ivanna, Fardal, Mark, Font, Andreea, Geha, Marla, Guhathakurta, Puragra, Kirby, Evan, Lewis, Geraint F., Marshall, Jennifer L., Martin, Nicolas F., McQuinn, Kristen, Monachesi, Antonela, Patel, Ekta, Peeples, Molly S., Pillepich, Annalisa, Quirk, Amanda C. N., Rich, Robert Michael, Sohn, S. Tony, Ting, Yuan-Sen, van der Marel, Roeland P., Wetzel, Andrew, Williams, Benjamin F., Wojno, Jennifer, UCO/Lick Observatory, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Harvard University [Cambridge]-Smithsonian Institution, Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCLA Los Angeles], and University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA)
Subjects: astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB
Abstract: The Great Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is the nexus of the near-far galaxy evolution connection and a principal data point for near-field cosmology. Due to its proximity (780 kpc), M31 can be resolved into individual stars like the Milky Way (MW). Unlike the MW, we have the advantage of a global view of M31, enabling M31 to be observed with techniques that also apply to more distant galaxies. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that M31 may have survived a major merger within the last several Gyr, shaping the morphology of its stellar halo and triggering a starburst, while leaving the stellar disk largely intact. The MW and M31 thus provide complementary opportunities for in-depth studies of the disks, halos, and satellites of L* galaxies. Our understanding of the M31 system will be transformed in the 2020s if they include wide field facilities for both photometry (HST-like sensitivity and resolution) and spectroscopy (10-m class telescope, >1 sq. deg. field, highly multiplexed, R~ 3000 to 6000). We focus here on the power of these facilities to constrain the past, present, and future merger history of M31, via chemo-dynamical analyses and star formation histories of phase-mixed stars accreted at early times, as well as stars in surviving tidal debris features, M31's extended disk, and intact satellite galaxies that will eventually be tidally incorporated into the halo. This will yield an unprecedented view of the hierarchical formation of the M31 system and the subhalos that built it into the L* galaxy we observe today., Submitted as a science white paper to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey
Published: 2019

114. Pervasive decreases in living vegetation carbon turnover time across forest climate zones

Author: Changhui Peng, Stephen P. Hubbell, William R. L. Anderegg, Kailiang Yu, William K. Smith, Marco Ferretti, Tom Levanič, Kai Zhu, Maxime Cailleret, Anna T. Trugman, Arthur Gessler, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Richard Condit, Marcus Schaub, University of Utah, University of York [York, UK], University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, The Morton Arboretum, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), University Yangling, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Slovenian Forestry Institute, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), and University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Carbon Sequestration, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate Change, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, chemistry.chemical_element, Carbon turnover, Forests, Forest carbon stocks, Atmospheric sciences, Forest productivity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Carbon cycle, Tree mortality, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Theoretical, Models, carbon cycle, Forest plot, Temperate climate, Precipitation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, forest productivity, forest carbon stocks, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Atmosphere, Uncertainty, Temperature, Carbon sink, Vegetation, Biological Sciences, Models, Theoretical, Carbon Dioxide, 15. Life on land, Earth system science, chemistry, 13. Climate action, tree mortality, Environmental science, carbon turnover, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Carbon, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: Significance With a limited understanding of spatiotemporal trends of carbon turnover time and its drivers, we are unable to quantify future changes in the forest carbon sink strength. By comparing long-term forest plot data and Earth system model (ESM) projections, we found a pervasive increase in carbon loss from tree mortality, likely driving declines in living aboveground vegetation carbon turnover time across forest climate zones. The climate correlations between temperature or precipitation and temporal trends of living vegetation carbon turnover time differed between forest plots and ESMs. Our results indicate that a mechanistic representation of tree mortality in ESMs and its sensitivity to climate is a crucial uncertainty in predicting the future forest carbon sink., Forests play a major role in the global carbon cycle. Previous studies on the capacity of forests to sequester atmospheric CO2 have mostly focused on carbon uptake, but the roles of carbon turnover time and its spatiotemporal changes remain poorly understood. Here, we used long-term inventory data (1955 to 2018) from 695 mature forest plots to quantify temporal trends in living vegetation carbon turnover time across tropical, temperate, and cold climate zones, and compared plot data to 8 Earth system models (ESMs). Long-term plots consistently showed decreases in living vegetation carbon turnover time, likely driven by increased tree mortality across all major climate zones. Changes in living vegetation carbon turnover time were negatively correlated with CO2 enrichment in both forest plot data and ESM simulations. However, plot-based correlations between living vegetation carbon turnover time and climate drivers such as precipitation and temperature diverged from those of ESM simulations. Our analyses suggest that forest carbon sinks are likely to be constrained by a decrease in living vegetation carbon turnover time, and accurate projections of forest carbon sink dynamics will require an improved representation of tree mortality processes and their sensitivity to climate in ESMs.
Published: 2019

115. Inter-event Times Analysis for Planar Linear Event-triggered Controlled Systems

Author: W. P. Maurice H. Heemels, Ricardo G. Sanfelice, Romain Postoyan, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Engineering Department (UCSC Department of Computer Engineering), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Department of Mechanical Engineering [Eindhoven], Eindhoven University of Technology [Eindhoven] (TU/e)-Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TU/e), ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018), and Control Systems Technology
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Complex conjugate, Computer simulation, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Sampling (statistics), 02 engineering and technology, Interval (mathematics), [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Exponential stability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Statistical physics, Constant (mathematics), Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Event (probability theory), Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; We analyse the properties of the inter-event times for planar linear time-invariant systems controlled by an event-triggered state-feedback law. The triggering rule is given by the relative threshold strategy and we assume that the tunable triggering parameter is small. Several cases are distinguished depending on the nature of the eigenvalues of the (continuous-time) closed-loop system matrix in absence of sampling. When these eigenvalues are real, it is shown that the inter-event times lie in a neighborhood of a given constant for all positive times or converge to the neighborhood of a given constant as time grows. When the eigenvalues are complex conjugates, the inter-event times oscillate with a varying period for which we give an estimate. Moreover, the values taken by the inter-event times over this varying period are approximately the same for all initial conditions. As a consequence, one can run a single simulation over a given interval of time to infer properties of the inter-event times for all initial conditions and all positive times. Numerical simulations are provided to support the presented theoretical guarantees. These results help to understand the behaviour of the inter-event times, instead of solely relying on numerical simulations, and can be exploited to evaluate the performance of the considered triggering condition in terms of average inter-transmission times.
Published: 2019

116. Small angle X‐ray scattering‐assisted protein structure prediction in CASP13 and emergence of solution structure differences

Author: Sergei Grudinin, Jose M. Duarte, Curtis D. Hodge, Dmytro Guzenko, John A. Tainer, Bohdan Monastyrskyy, Daniel J. Rosenberg, Susan E. Tsutakawa, Greg L. Hura, Krzysztof Fidelis, Andriy Kryshtafovych, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), San Diego Supercomputer Center [San Diego], Genome Center [UC Davis], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), Algorithms for Modeling and Simulating Nanosystems [2018-...] (NANO-D-POST [2018-2020]), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Algorithms for Modeling and Simulation of Nanosystems (NANO-D), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Small Angle, Protein Folding, experimental restraints, Domain level, Protein Conformation, Bioinformatics, Bioengineering, Biochemistry, Article, Mathematical Sciences, Scattering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], 03 medical and health sciences, X-Ray Diffraction, Structural Biology, Models, Information and Computing Sciences, Scattering, Small Angle, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, unstructured regions, CASP, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, complexes, Small-angle X-ray scattering, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Proteins, Computational Biology, Molecular, modeling, SAXS, disorder, Protein structure prediction, Biological Sciences, solution scattering, Solution structure, structure prediction, Solutions, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Prediction algorithms, flexibility, Data quality, SAS, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Algorithm, Predictive modelling, Algorithms
Abstract: International audience; Small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measures comprehensive distance information on a protein's structure, which can constrain and guide computational structure prediction algorithms. Here, we evaluate structure predictions of 11 monomeric and oligomeric proteins for which SAXS data were collected and provided to predictors in the 13th round of the Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP13). The category for SAXS‐assisted predictions made gains in certain areas for CASP13 compared to CASP12. Improvements included higher quality data with size exclusion chromatography‐SAXS (SEC‐SAXS) and better selection of targets and communication of results by CASP organizers. In several cases, we can track improvements in model accuracy with use of SAXS data. For hard multimeric targets where regular folding algorithms were unsuccessful, SAXS data helped predictors to build models better resembling the global shape of the target. For most models, however, no significant improvement in model accuracy at the domain level was registered from use of SAXS data, when rigorously comparing SAXS‐assisted models to the best regular server predictions. To promote future progress in this category, we identify successes, challenges, and opportunities for improved strategies in prediction, assessment, and communication of SAXS data to predictors. An important observation is that, for many targets, SAXS data were inconsistent with crystal structures, suggesting that these proteins adopt different conformation(s) in solution. This CASP13 result, if representative of PDB structures and future CASP targets, may have substantive implications for the structure training databases used for machine learning, CASP, and use of prediction models for biology.
Published: 2019

117. Stalled developmental programs at the root of pediatric brain tumors

Author: Nicolas De Jay, Gustavo Turecki, Florence M.G. Cavalli, Yixing Hu, Alexis Blanchet-Cohen, Corina Nagy, W. Todd Farmer, Andréa Allaire, Hervé Sartelet, Louis Crevier, Roy W. R. Dudley, Jiannis Ragoussis, Marie Coutelier, Maxime Richer, Maria C. Vladoiu, Livia Garzia, Michael D. Taylor, Claudia L. Kleinman, Valerie Larouche, Jean Monlong, Jeffrey Atkinson, Nada Jabado, Guillaume Bourque, Laura K. Donovan, Keith K. Murai, Benjamin Ellezam, Pierre-Eric Lutz, Jean-Pierre Farmer, Brice Poreau, Leonie G. Mikael, Alexander G. Weil, Mariella G. Filbin, Steven Hébert, Selin Jessa, Santiago Costantino, Steffen Albrecht, Damien Faury, Peter B. Dirks, Brian Krug, Melissa K. McConechy, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids), McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Zebralog GmbH & Co. KG, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Psychiatry [Montréal], Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], This work was supported by funding from: a Large-Scale Applied Research Project grant from Genome Quebec, Genome Canada, the Government of Canada and the Ministère de l'Économie, de la Science et de l’Innovation du Québec, with the support of the Ontario Research Fund through funding provided by the Government of Ontario to N.J., M.D.T., C.L.K., P.B.D., G.B., J.R. and L.G., the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR grant nos. PJT-156086, to C.L.K., and MOP-286756 and FDN-154307, to N.J.), the US National Institutes of Health (NIH grant nos. P01-CA196539, to N.J., R01CA148699 and R01CA159859, to M.D.T.), the Canadian Cancer Society (CCSRI grant no. 705182), NSERC (grant no. RGPIN-2016-04911) and the Fonds de Recherche du Québec en Santé (FRQS) salary award to C.L.K., National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (grant no. NSERC-448167-2013) and FRQS (grant no. 25348) to G.B., CFI Leaders Opportunity Fund (grant nos. 32557, to J.R., and 33902, to C.L.K.), Genome Canada Science Technology Innovation Centre, Compute Canada Resource Allocation Project (grant no. WST-164-AB) and Genome Canada Genome Innovation Node (grant no. 244819) to J.R., and and the Fondation Charles-Bruneau. Data analyses were enabled by computer and storage resources provided by Compute Canada and Calcul Québec. N.J. is a member of the Penny Cole Laboratory and the recipient of a Chercheur Boursier, Chaire de Recherche Award from the FRQS. This work was performed within the context of the International Childhood Astrocytoma Integrated Genomic and Epigenomic (ICHANGE) consortium, and the Stand Up to Cancer (SU2C) Canada Cancer Stem Cell Dream Team Research Funding (grant no. SU2C-AACR-DT-19-15, to M.D.T. and N.J.) and SU2C St. Baldrick’s Pediatric Dream Team Translational Research Grant (no. SU2C-AACR-DT1113, to M.D.T.), with funding from Genome Canada and Genome Quebec. Stand Up to Cancer is a program of the Entertainment Industry Foundation administered by the American Association for Cancer Research. M.D.T. is supported by The Pediatric Brain Tumour Foundation, The Canadian Institutes of Health Research, The Cure Search Foundation, b.r.a.i.n.child, Meagan’s Walk, SWIFTY Foundation, Genome Canada, Genome BC, Genome Quebec, the Ontario Research Fund, Worldwide Cancer Research, V-Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Brain Tumour Award, Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute Impact grant and the Garron Family Chair in Childhood Cancer Research at the Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto. S.J. is supported by a fellowship from CIHR. A.B.-C. is supported by a fellowship from FRQS and TD/LDI. N.D.J. is a recipient of a fellowship from FRQS and RMGA. M.K.M. is funded by a CIHR Banting postdoctoral fellowship. We thank K. Mann, S. Spira and J. Di Noia for critical reading of the manuscript, and S. Krumholtz for graphical editing of figures. We are especially grateful for the generous philanthropic donations of the Fondation Charles-Bruneau, and the Kat D-DIPG, Poppies for Irina and We Love You Connie Foundations.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biology, Article, Transcriptome, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Nerve Fibers, Prosencephalon, 0302 clinical medicine, Single-cell analysis, Cell Line, Tumor, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Progenitor cell, Rhabdoid Tumor, 030304 developmental biology, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, Neuroectoderm, Brain Neoplasms, Wnt signaling pathway, Brain, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Infant, Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Forebrain, Single-Cell Analysis, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Medulloblastoma
Abstract: International audience; Childhood brain tumors have suspected prenatal origins. To identify vulnerable developmental states, we generated a single-cell transcriptome atlas of >65,000 cells from embryonal pons and forebrain, two major tumor locations. We derived signatures for 191 distinct cell populations and defined the regional cellular diversity and differentiation dynamics. Projection of bulk tumor transcriptomes onto this dataset shows that WNT medulloblastomas match the rhombic lip-derived mossy fiber neuronal lineage and embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes fully recapitulate a neuronal lineage, while group 2a/b atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors may originate outside the neuroectoderm. Importantly, single-cell tumor profiles reveal highly defined cell hierarchies that mirror transcriptional programs of the corresponding normal lineages. Our findings identify impaired differentiation of specific neural progenitors as a common mechanism underlying these pediatric cancers and provide a rational framework for future modeling and therapeutic interventions.
Published: 2019

118. The Origins Space Telescope

Author: Battersby, Cara, Armus, Lee, Bergin, Edwin, Kataria, Tiffany, Meixner, Margaret, Pope, Alexandra, Stevenson, Kevin B., Cooray, Asantha, Leisawitz, David, Scott, Douglas, Bauer, James, Bradford, C. Matt, Ennico, Kimberly, Fortney, Jonathan J., Kaltenegger, Lisa, Melnick, Gary J., Milam, Stefanie N., Narayanan, Desika, Padgett, Deborah, Pontoppidan, Klaus, Roellig, Thomas, Sandstrom, Karin, Su, Kate Y. L., Vieira, Joaquin, Wright, Edward, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Staguhn, Johannes, Sheth, Kartik, Benford, Dominic, Mamajek, Eric E., Neff, Susan Gale, Carey, Sean, Burgarella, Denis, De Beck, Elvire, Gerin, Maryvonne, Helmich, Frank P., Moseley, S. Harvey, Sakon, Itsuki, Wiedner, Martina C., Stevenson, Kevin, Fortney, Jonathan, Melnick, Gary, Milam, Stefanie, Su, Kate, Mamajek, Eric, Neff, Susan, Helmich, Frank, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Westminster [London] (UOW), CalTech-CSO (CSO), Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Laboratory for Astronomy and Solar Physics, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], History, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Spitzer Space Telescope, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Architecture, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Infrared astronomy, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The Origins Space Telescope, one of four large Mission Concept studies sponsored by NASA for review in the 2020 US Astrophysics Decadal Survey, will open unprecedented discovery space in the infrared, unveiling our cosmic origins. We briefly describe in this article the key science themes and architecture for OST. With a sensitivity gain of up to a factor of 1,000 over any previous or planned mission, OST will open unprecedented discovery space, allow us to peer through an infrared window teeming with possibility. OST will fundamentally change our understanding of our cosmic origins - from the growth of galaxies and black holes, to uncovering the trail of water, to life signs in nearby Earth-size planets, and discoveries never imagined. Built to be highly adaptable, while addressing key science across many areas of astrophysics, OST will usher in a new era of infrared astronomy., Published in Nature Astronomy. This 7-page PDF is the submitted version - here is a free link to the published article: https://rdcu.be/3Rtt
Published: 2018

119. Coastal flooding and the 1861-2 California storm season

Author: Ana Ejarque, Alexander R. Simms, J. Michael Bentz, Joseph A. Carlin, R. Scott Anderson, L. Reynolds, Baird King, Thomas K. Rockwell, Robert Peters, Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], California State University [Fullerton] (CSU), San Diego State University (SDSU), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Marsh, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flooding (psychology), Geology, Storm, 010501 environmental sciences, Atmospheric river, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Salt marsh, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 14. Life underwater, Overwash, Coastal flood, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: A series of large storms attributed to Atmospheric River conditions struck the California coast in the winter of 1861-2. Although historical accounts document inland flooding, little is known about how the 1861-2 storms impacted the now heavily-developed California coast. Here we show that the 1861-2 storms emplaced a deposit of beach sand up to 50 cm thick over 450 m inland within a southern California salt marsh. This deposit is unprecedented in the post-European sediments of the marsh and more extensive than that derived from any other historical event. It is comparable in scale to hurricane and tsunami washover fans in back-barrier environments along other coastlines. The presence of overwash deposits in Carpinteria suggests that the 1861-2 storm season was erosive enough to remove coastal barriers, allowing for inundation of parts of the coastline currently developed. Efforts to prepare for a recurrence of an 1861-2-like storm season should address potential coastal impacts; likewise, interpretations of past washover deposits should consider these unusually prolonged stormy periods in addition to hurricane and tsunami inundation.
Published: 2018

120. Response of the Great Barrier Reef to sea-level and environmental changes over the past 30,000 years

Author: Marc Humblet, Bryan C Lougheed, William G. Thompson, Hironobu Kan, Helen McGregor, Donald C. Potts, Juan C. Braga, Stephen P Obrochta, Raphaël Bourillot, Jody M. Webster, Alexander L. Thomas, Yasufumi Iryu, Kazuhiko Fujita, Tezer M. Esat, Gustavo Hinestrosa, Stewart Fallon, Yusuke Yokoyama, The University of Sydney, Geocoastal Research group, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Nagoya University, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Tohoku University [Sendai], Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute [Kashiwa-shi] (AORI), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), University of the Ryukyus [Okinawa], Géoressources et environnement, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM), Ecole National Supérieur Environnement, Géoresources, Ingénierie du Développement Durable (ENSEGID), Australian National University (ANU), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), University of Edinburgh, Kyushu University, University of Wollongong [Australia], Akita University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), We thank the IODP and ECORD (European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling) .Financial support was provided by the Australian Research Council (grant no. DP1094001 and no. FT140100286), ANZIC, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux and KAKENHI (no. 25247083)., Universidad de Granada (UGR), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Kyushu University [Fukuoka], and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Last Glacial Maximum, Coral reef, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sea surface temperature, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Subaerial, Paleoecology, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 14. Life underwater, Glacial period, Reef, Sea level, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Previous drilling through submerged fossil coral reefs has greatly improved our understanding of the general pattern of sea-level change since the Last Glacial Maximum, however, how reefs responded to these changes remains uncertain. Here we document the evolution of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), the world’s largest reef system, to major, abrupt environmental changes over the past 30 thousand years based on comprehensive sedimentological, biological and geochronological records from fossil reef cores. We show that reefs migrated seaward as sea level fell to its lowest level during the most recent glaciation (~20.5–20.7 thousand years ago (ka)), then landward as the shelf flooded and ocean temperatures increased during the subsequent deglacial period (~20–10 ka). Growth was interrupted by five reef-death events caused by subaerial exposure or sea-level rise outpacing reef growth. Around 10 ka, the reef drowned as the sea level continued to rise, flooding more of the shelf and causing a higher sediment flux. The GBR’s capacity for rapid lateral migration at rates of 0.2–1.5 m yr$^{−1}$ (and the ability to recruit locally) suggest that, as an ecosystem, the GBR has been more resilient to past sea-level and temperature fluctuations than previously thought, but it has been highly sensitive to increased sediment input over centennial–millennial timescales.
Published: 2018

121. TrawlerWeb: an online de novo motif discovery tool for next-generation sequencing datasets

Author: Benedict Paten, Mirana Ramialison, Jerico Revote, Louis T. Dang, Julian Stolper, Vincent Tano, Man Ho H. Chiu, Marie A. Bogoyevitch, Markus Tondl, Mark J. Drvodelic, Fernando J. Rossello, Hieu T. Nim, Michael P. Eichenlaub, Jeannette C. Hallab, David A. Jans, Florence Besse, James E. Hudson, Alex Tokolyi, Greg Quaife-Ryan, Enzo R. Porrello, Helen E. Cumming, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia, eResearch, Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia., Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia., Hudson Institute of Medical Research [Clayton], Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University [Clayton], Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI), Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia, This work was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Project grant (DP1049980), a National Health and Medical Research Council/Heart Foundation Career Development Fellowship (1049980), Sun Foundation to MR and UROP scholarships to LTD, MHHC, MJD and AT. The Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute is supported by grants from the State Government of Victoria and the Australian Government. This research was supported by use of the Nectar Research Cloud, a collaborative Australian research platform supported by the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS)., Dang, Louis T, Tondl, Markus, Chiu, Man Ho H, Revote, Jerico, Ramialison, Mirana, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Bodescot, Myriam
Subjects: motif discovery, 0301 basic medicine, lcsh:QH426-470, lcsh:Biotechnology, transcription factor binding site, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Computational biology, Biology, Genome, DNA sequencing, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Software, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Next generation sequencing, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Transcription factor binding site, Nucleotide Motifs, Conserved Sequence, Motif discovery, Motif conservation, next generation sequencing, Internet, Binding Sites, Base Sequence, business.industry, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, DNA, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Chromatin immunoprecipitation, Rats, DNA binding site, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, motif conservation, Nat, Mesothelin, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], The Internet, User interface, DNA microarray, business, Transcription Factors, Biotechnology
Abstract: Background A strong focus of the post-genomic era is mining of the non-coding regulatory genome in order to unravel the function of regulatory elements that coordinate gene expression (Nat 489:57–74, 2012; Nat 507:462–70, 2014; Nat 507:455–61, 2014; Nat 518:317–30, 2015). Whole-genome approaches based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) have provided insight into the genomic location of regulatory elements throughout different cell types, organs and organisms. These technologies are now widespread and commonly used in laboratories from various fields of research. This highlights the need for fast and user-friendly software tools dedicated to extracting cis-regulatory information contained in these regulatory regions; for instance transcription factor binding site (TFBS) composition. Ideally, such tools should not require prior programming knowledge to ensure they are accessible for all users. Results We present TrawlerWeb, a web-based version of the Trawler_standalone tool (Nat Methods 4:563–5, 2007; Nat Protoc 5:323–34, 2010), to allow for the identification of enriched motifs in DNA sequences obtained from next-generation sequencing experiments in order to predict their TFBS composition. TrawlerWeb is designed for online queries with standard options common to web-based motif discovery tools. In addition, TrawlerWeb provides three unique new features: 1) TrawlerWeb allows the input of BED files directly generated from NGS experiments, 2) it automatically generates an input-matched biologically relevant background, and 3) it displays resulting conservation scores for each instance of the motif found in the input sequences, which assists the researcher in prioritising the motifs to validate experimentally. Finally, to date, this web-based version of Trawler_standalone remains the fastest online de novo motif discovery tool compared to other popular web-based software, while generating predictions with high accuracy. Conclusions TrawlerWeb provides users with a fast, simple and easy-to-use web interface for de novo motif discovery. This will assist in rapidly analysing NGS datasets that are now being routinely generated. TrawlerWeb is freely available and accessible at: http://trawler.erc.monash.edu.au. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4630-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018

122. Full-field thermal imaging of quasiballistic crosstalk reduction in nanoscale devices

Author: Xavier Cartoixà, Maryam Parsa, Yee Rui Koh, Bjorn Vermeersch, Ali Shakouri, Je-Hyeong Bahk, Alvar Torelló, Pol Torres, Peide D. Ye, Yi Xuan, F. Xavier Alvarez, Amirkoushyar Ziabari, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University [West Lafayette], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science [Purdue], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), European Project: 645776,H2020,H2020-NMP-2014-two-stage,ALMA(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), and University of California
Subjects: Materials science, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Imaging techniques, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Crosstalk, symbols.namesake, Thermal conductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, lcsh:Science, 010306 general physics, Nanoscopic scale, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, Nanoscale materials, business.industry, General Chemistry, Full field, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed matter physics, Semiconductor, Fourier transform, Nanoscale devices, symbols, Optoelectronics, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology, business, Submicron scale
Abstract: Understanding nanoscale thermal transport is of substantial importance for designing contemporary semiconductor technologies. Heat removal from small sources is well established to be severely impeded compared to diffusive predictions due to the ballistic nature of the dominant heat carriers. Experimental observations are commonly interpreted through a reduction of effective thermal conductivity, even though most measurements only probe a single aggregate thermal metric. Here, we employ thermoreflectance thermal imaging to directly visualise the 2D temperature field produced by localised heat sources on InGaAs with characteristic widths down to 100 nm. Besides displaying effective thermal performance reductions up to 50% at the active junctions in agreement with prior studies, our steady-state thermal images reveal that, remarkably, 1–3 μm adjacent to submicron devices the crosstalk is actually reduced by up to fourfold. Submicrosecond transient imaging additionally shows responses to be faster than conventionally predicted. A possible explanation based on hydrodynamic heat transport, and some open questions, are discussed., When thermal fields in semiconductors approach the submicron scale, non-diffusive heat transport is observed where Fourier based heat transport models fail. Here, the authors use thermal imaging to visualise these thermal field variations and in turn derive a hydrodynamic heat transport model.
Published: 2018

123. Adult avoidance behavior leads to ontogenetic shifts in habitat use of an intertidal fish

Author: Amy F. Ritter, Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ontogeny, Intertidal zone, Oligocottus snyderi, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Intraspecific competition, Aggregation, Habitat, %22">Fish , Recruitment, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Habitat variation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Conspecific interactions
Abstract: International audience; Spatial distributions of organisms result from a complex interplay of processes, including habitat selection as well as species interactions, and it remains a continual challenge to disentangle the relative importance of such effects. I investigated how habitat variation and conspecific interactions influence the abundance and distribution of different life history stages of the intertidal fish Oligocottus snyderi. I first examined the role of priority recruitment effects and found that prior recruitment had no effect on subsequent O. snyderi recruitment. I then examined how habitat variation influences adult and recruit abundances by manipulating surfgrass Phyllospadix spp. cover in tide pools, a habitat attribute that positively covaries with both O. snyderi life history stages. Surprisingly, whereas O. snyderi adults showed the expected negative response to surfgrass removal, the recruit response was positive. Additional experiments investigated whether these contrasting results were due to an ontogenetic change in habitat preference or to negative interactions between adults and recruits. Direct manipulation of adult abundance in the field determined that O. snyderi recruit abundance increases when adult abundance decreases. Laboratory studies indicated that although O. snyderi recruits have little to no preference for surfgrass cover, they do exhibit a strong negative reaction to conspecific adults and adjust their distributions accordingly. This combination of field and laboratory studies suggests that the ontogenetic habitat shift of O. snyderi is actually a result of negative interactions between size classes, such that recruits settle into sub-optimal tide pools in order to avoid interacting with adults.
Published: 2017

124. Pervasive changes in stream intermittency across the United States

Author: Margaret Shanafield, Michelle H. Busch, Daniel C. Allen, Amy J. Burgin, Julian D. Olden, Meryl C. Mims, C. Nathan Jones, K. E. Kaiser, Adam S. Ward, Stephanie K. Kampf, Margaret A. Zimmer, Kate S. Boersma, Joanna R. Blaszczak, Walter K. Dodds, John C. Hammond, George H. Allen, Thibault Datry, Corey A. Krabbenhoft, Ryan M. Burrows, Sarah E. Godsey, A. N. Price, Katie H. Costigan, Samuel C. Zipper, Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), U.S Geological Survey, Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of South Alabama, Boise State University, IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY POCATELLO USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of Melbourne, University of Nevada [Reno], University of Oklahoma (OU), University of San Diego, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Partenaires INRAE, Texas A&M University [College Station], University at Buffalo [SUNY] (SUNY Buffalo), State University of New York (SUNY), Kansas State University, Virginia Tech [Blacksburg], School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences (University of Washington), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), and National Science Foundation (NSF) : DEB-1754389
Subjects: non-perennial streams, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, river, 0207 environmental engineering, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, STREAMS, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Intermittency, Streamflow, Ecosystem, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Land use, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Ephemeral key, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, land use, 15. Life on land, Arid, 6. Clean water, climate change, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, streamflow, Physical geography, time series, ephemeral
Abstract: Non-perennial streams are widespread, critical to ecosystems and society, and the subject of ongoing policy debate. Prior large-scale research on stream intermittency has been based on long-term averages, generally using annually aggregated data to characterize a highly variable process. As a result, it is not well understood if, how, or why the hydrology of non-perennial streams is changing. Here, we investigate trends and drivers of three intermittency signatures that describe the duration, timing, and dry-down period of stream intermittency across the continental United States (CONUS). Half of gages exhibited a significant trend through time in at least one of the three intermittency signatures, and changes in no-flow duration were most pervasive (41% of gages). Changes in intermittency were substantial for many streams, and 7% of gages exhibited changes in annual no-flow duration exceeding 100 days during the study period. Distinct regional patterns of change were evident, with widespread drying in southern CONUS and wetting in northern CONUS. These patterns are correlated with changes in aridity, though drivers of spatiotemporal variability were diverse across the three intermittency signatures. While the no-flow timing and duration were strongly related to climate, dry-down period was most strongly related to watershed land use and physiography. Our results indicate that non-perennial conditions are increasing in prevalence over much of CONUS and binary classifications of 'perennial' and 'non-perennial' are not an accurate reflection of this change. Water management and policy should reflect the changing nature and diverse drivers of changing intermittency both today and in the future. US National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-1754389] Published version This manuscript is a product of the Dry Rivers Research Coordination Network, which was supported by funding from the US National Science Foundation (DEB-1754389). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This manuscript was improved by constructive feedback from Kristin Jaeger and three anonymous reviews.
Published: 2021

125. Probing leptophilic dark sectors with hadronic processes

Author: Francesco D'Eramo, Bradley J. Kavanagh, Paolo Panci, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CERN Theoretical Physics Department, CERN [Genève], Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), European Project: 278234,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,NEWDARK(2012), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Quark, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics beyond the Standard Model, Dark matter, Scalar field dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Warm dark matter, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, Physics, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Electroweak interaction, hep-ph, lcsh:QC1-999, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Weakly interacting massive particles, astro-ph.CO, High Energy Physics::Experiment, lcsh:Physics, Particle Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We study vector portal dark matter models where the mediator couples only to leptons. In spite of the lack of tree-level couplings to colored states, radiative effects generate interactions with quark fields that could give rise to a signal in current and future experiments. We identify such experimental signatures: scattering of nuclei in dark matter direct detection; resonant production of lepton-antilepton pairs at the Large Hadron Collider; and hadronic final states in dark matter indirect searches. Furthermore, radiative effects also generate an irreducible mass mixing between the vector mediator and the $Z$ boson, severely bounded by ElectroWeak Precision Tests. We use current experimental results to put bounds on this class of models, accounting for both radiatively induced and tree-level processes. Remarkably, the former often overwhelm the latter., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, version published in Physics Letters B
Published: 2017

126. HAT-P-26b: A Neptune-mass exoplanet with a well-constrained heavy element abundance

Author: Nikole K. Lewis, Pascal Tremblin, Drake Deming, Tiffany Kataria, Hannah R. Wakeford, Björn Benneke, David S. Amundsen, David K. Sing, Nikolay Nikolov, Avi Mandell, Jonathan J. Fortney, Eric D. Lopez, Thomas M. Evans, Heather A. Knutson, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of Exeter, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (ROE), University of Edinburgh, Maison de la Simulation (MDLS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Columbia University [New York], Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Caltech Department of Astronomy [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), European Project: 336792,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,CREATES(2013), European Project: 313014,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2012-1,ETAEARTH(2013), European Project: 247060,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2009-AdG,PEPS(2010), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
Subjects: Planetesimal, Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Metallicity, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Neptune, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Exoplanet, Amplitude, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Water well
Abstract: A correlation between giant-planet mass and atmospheric heavy elemental abundance was first noted in the past century from observations of planets in our own Solar System, and has served as a cornerstone of planet formation theory. Using data from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes from 0.5 to 5 microns, we conducted a detailed atmospheric study of the transiting Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-26b. We detected prominent H2O absorption bands with a maximum base-to-peak amplitude of 525ppm in the transmission spectrum. Using the water abundance as a proxy for metallicity, we measured HAT-P-26b's atmospheric heavy element content [4.8 (-4.0 +21.5) times solar]. This likely indicates that HAT-P-26b's atmosphere is primordial and obtained its gaseous envelope late in its disk lifetime, with little contamination from metal-rich planetesimals., Comment: Published in Science - Report: 13 pages (preprint), 3 figures, 1 table - Supplementary material: 14 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2017

127. Electronic properties of chemically doped graphene

Author: Frédéric Joucken, Jérôme Lagoute, Luc Henrard, Centre de Recherche en Physique de la Matière et du Rayonnement [Namur] (PMR), Université de Namur [Namur], Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, and Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur)
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, General Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Doped graphene, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Electronic properties
Abstract: International audience; Chemical doping of graphene is the most robust way of modifying graphene's electronic properties. We review here the results obtained so far on the electronic structure and transport properties of chemically-doped graphene, focusing on the results obtained with scanning tunneling microp-scopy/spectroscopy (STM/S), angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), and magneto-resistance (MR) measurements. The majority of the results reported have been obtained on nitrogen-doped samples, but boron-doped graphene has also been well documented. Besides the appearance of the dopant on STM topographic images, the main questions that have been addressed are the atomic configurations of the doping and their doping efficiency (number of electron/hole brought to the graphene lattice). Both can be addressed by a local probe such as STM/S. The doping efficiency has also been complementary studied via direct visualization of the band structure with ARPES. The effect of the dopants on the electronic transport properties and in particular their influence on the scattering mechanisms is also presented. Finally, avenues for future research efforts are suggested.
Published: 2019

128. Hybrid dynamical systems with hybrid inputs: Definition of solutions and applications to interconnections

Author: Ricardo G. Sanfelice, Pauline Bernard, Centre Automatique et Systèmes (CAS), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Jack Baskin School of Engineering (UCSC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Observer (quantum physics), Dynamical systems theory, Computer science, General Chemical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, hybrid inputs, interconnections, Topology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Domain (software engineering), [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, observers, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, modeling, hybrid systems, Industrial Engineering & Automation, Control and Systems Engineering, Hybrid system, Trajectory, A priori and a posteriori, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, State (computer science)
Abstract: Author(s): Bernard, P; Sanfelice, RG | Abstract: In this paper, we define solutions for hybrid systems with prespecified hybrid inputs. Unlike previous work where solutions and inputs are assumed to be defined on the same domain a priori, we consider the case where intervals of flow and jump times of the input are not necessarily synchronized with those of the state trajectory. This happens in particular when the input is the output of another hybrid system, for instance, in the context of observer design or reference tracking. The proposed approach relies on reparametrizing the jumps of the input in order to write it on a common domain. The solutions then consist of a pair made of the state trajectory and the reparametrized input. Our definition generalizes the notions of solutions of continuous-time and discrete-time systems with inputs. We provide an algorithm that automatically performs the construction of solutions for a given hybrid input. In the context of hybrid interconnections, we show how the solutions of the individual systems can be linked to the solutions of a closed-loop system. Example illustrate the notions and the proposed algorithm.
Published: 2019

129. Robust Observer Design for Hybrid Dynamical Systems with Linear Maps and Approximately Known Jump Times

Author: BERNARD, Pauline, Sanfelice, Ricardo, Centre Automatique et Systèmes (CAS), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL), Computer Engineering Department (UCSC Department of Computer Engineering), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: impulsive systems, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], observer, hybrid systems, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic
Abstract: This paper proposes a general framework for the state estimation of plants given by hybrid systems with linear flow and jump maps, in the favorable case where their jump events can be detected (almost) instantaneously. A candidate observer consists of a copy of the plant's hybrid dynamics with continuous-time and/or discrete-time correction terms multiplied by two constant gains, and with jumps triggered by those of the plant. Assuming that the time between successive jumps is known to belong to a given closed set allows us to formulate an augmented system with a timer which keeps track of the time elapsed between successive jumps and facilitates the analysis. Then, since the jumps of the plant and of the observer are synchronized, the error system has time-invariant linear flow and jump maps, and a Lyapunov analysis leads to sufficient conditions for the design of the observer gains for uniform asymptotic stability in three different settings: continuous and discrete updates, only discrete updates, and only continuous updates. These conditions take the form of matrix inequalities, which we solve in examples including cases where the time between successive jumps is unbounded or tends to zero (Zeno behavior), and cases where either both the continuous and discrete dynamics, only one of them, or neither of them are detectable. Finally, we study the robustness of this approach when the jumps of the observer are delayed with respect to those of the plant. We show that if the plant's trajectories are bounded and the time between successive jumps is lower-bounded away from zero, the estimation error is bounded, and arbitrarily small outside the delay intervals between the plant's and the observer's jumps.
Published: 2019

130. Certifying Optimality in Hybrid Control Systems via Lyapunov-like Conditions

Author: Francesco Ferrante, Ricardo G. Sanfelice, SYSCO (GIPSA-SYSCO), Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Computer Engineering Department (UCSC Department of Computer Engineering), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Hybrid And Networked Dynamical sYstems(2018), GIPSA - Systèmes non linéaires et complexité (GIPSA-SYSCO), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018)
Subjects: Lyapunov function, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Mathematical optimization, Hybrid systems, Computer science, Optimal Control, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), Optimal control, symbols.namesake, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Lyapunov theory, Control and Systems Engineering, Hybrid system, Control system, Bounded function, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Author(s): Ferrante, F; Sanfelice, RG | Abstract: We formulate an optimal control problem for hybrid systems with inputs and propose conditions for the design of state-feedback laws solving the optimal control problem. The optimal control problem has the flavor of an infinite horizon problem, but it also allows solutions to have a bounded domain of definition, which is possible in hybrid systems with deadlocks. Design conditions for optimal feedback laws are obtained by relating a quite general hybrid cost functional to a Lyapunov like function. These conditions guarantee closed-loop optimality and are given by constrained steady-state-like Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-type equations. Applications and examples of the proposed results are presented.
Published: 2019

131. Quantitative relationship between aseismic slip propagation speed and frictional properties

Author: Ryota Hino, Jean-Paul Ampuero, Roland Bürgmann, Akira Hasegawa, Keisuke Ariyoshi, Takane Hori, Takanori Matsuzawa, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Research Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, and Tohoku University [Sendai]
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mechanics, Slip (materials science), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, First order, 01 natural sciences, State evolution, Physics::Geophysics, Geophysics, Slip velocity, Slow earthquake, Shear stress, Aseismic slip, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; Recent observations show evidence of propagation of postseismic slip, which may contain information about the mechanical properties of faults. Here, we develop a new analytical relationship between the propagation speed of aseismic slip transients and fault frictional properties, modeled by a rate- and state-dependent friction law. The relationship explains the propagation speed of afterslip in 3-D numerical simulations to first order. Based on this relationship, we identify systematic dependencies of afterslip propagation speed on effective normal stress σ and frictional properties (the coefficients a and a-b which quantify the instantaneous and the steady-state velocity-dependence of friction, respectively, and the characteristic slip distance L of fault state evolution). Lower values of the parameter A = aσ cause faster propagation in areas where the passage of the postseismic slip front induces large shear stress changes Δτ compared to A, which are typically located near the mainshock rupture. In areas where Δτ/A is small, typically more distant from the mainshock, afterslip propagation speed is more sensitive to (a-b)σ. The propagation speed is proportional to initial slip velocity and, under the condition that loading span is significantly shorter than the passage of postseismic slip, inversely proportional to L. The relationship developed here should be useful to constrain the frictional properties of faults based on observed propagation speeds, independently of rock laboratory experiments, which can then be used in predictive numerical simulations of aseismic slip phenomena
Published: 2019

132. $\mathcal{L}_2$ State Estimation with Guaranteed Convergence Speed in the Presence of Sporadic Measurements

Author: Francesco Ferrante, Frédéric Gouaisbaut, Ricardo G. Sanfelice, Sophie Tarbouriech, GIPSA - Systèmes non linéaires et complexité (GIPSA-SYSCO), Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Computer Engineering Department (UCSC Department of Computer Engineering), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, sampled-data systems, Hybrid systems, Observer (quantum physics), Computer science, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, observer design, Systems and Control (eess.SY), Stability (probability), Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Linear dynamical system, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, Robustness (computer science), [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Convergence (routing), FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Sampled -data systems, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Sampled data systems, LMIs, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, 16. Peace & justice, cs.SY, Linear matrix In- equalities LMIs, Computer Science Applications, Nonlinear system, Industrial Engineering & Automation, Control and Systems Engineering, Hybrid system, Measurement uncertainty, State estimation
Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of estimating the state of a linear time-invariant system in the presence of sporadically available measurements and external perturbations. An observer with a continuous intersample injection term is proposed. Such an intersample injection is provided by a linear dynamical system, whose state is reset to the measured output estimation error at each sampling time. The resulting system is augmented with a timer triggering the arrival of a new measurement and analyzed in a hybrid system framework. The design of the observer is performed to achieve global exponential stability with a given decay rate to a set wherein the estimation error is equal to zero. Robustness with respect to external perturbations and $\mathcal{L}_2$-external stability from the plant perturbation to a given performance output are considered. Moreover, computationally efficient algorithms based on the solution to linear matrix inequalities are proposed to design the observer. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is shown in three examples., Comment: Extended version of "$\mathcal{L}_2$ State Estimation with Guaranteed Convergence Speed in the Presence of Sporadic Measurements". This version contains fixes to some minor typos
Published: 2019

133. An Exo-Kuiper Belt and An Extended Halo around HD 191089 in Scattered Light

Author: Pauline Arriaga, Bin Ren, Sloane Wiktorowicz, Alexandra Z. Greenbaum, Rémi Soummer, Arthur Vigan, Christophe Pinte, Robert J. De Rosa, Inseok Song, Laurent Pueyo, Jean-Baptiste Ruffio, Johan Mazoyer, Fredrik T. Rantakyrö, Juan Sebastián Bruzzone, Thomas M. Esposito, Tara Cotten, Patrick Ingraham, Travis Barman, Christopher C. Stark, Sandrine Thomas, J. Kent Wallace, Magaret Moerchen, Jeffrey Chilcote, Julien Rameau, Franck Marchis, Adam C. Schneider, Megan Ansdell, Malena Rice, Christian Marois, Li-Wei Hung, Stanimir Metchev, Lisa Poyneer, Bruce Macintosh, Charles A. Poteet, S. Mark Ammons, René Doyon, James E. Larkin, Kimberly Ward-Duong, Tushar Mittal, Pascale Hibon, Gaspard Duchene, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Quinn Konopacky, Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer, Glenn Schneider, Joanna Bulger, Jérôme Maire, Mamadou N'Diaye, Katherine B. Follette, Rebecca Oppenheimer, J. Brendan Hagan, James R. Graham, Eric L. Nielsen, Marie Ygouf, Christine Chen, Paul Kalas, Jennifer Patience, Abhijith Rajan, Marshall D. Perrin, Stephen J. Goodsell, Schuyler Wolff, Anand Sivaramakrishnan, Dean C. Hines, Vanessa P. Bailey, Dmitry Savransky, Elodie Choquet, D. M. Palmer, John H. Debes, Jason J. Wang, Francois Menard, Dominic M. Ryan, Colin Norman, Benjamin L. Gerard, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Department of Mathematics and Statistics [Baltimore], Loyola University [Maryland, Baltimore], Caltech Department of Astronomy [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Department of Astronomy [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yale University [New Haven], Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCLA, Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Western Ontario (UWO), Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), University of Notre Dame [Indiana] (UND), University of Georgia [USA], Institut de Recherche sur les Exoplanètes (iREX), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Amherst College, Gemini Observatory [Southern Operations Center], Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Department of Astronomy [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute (SETI), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University [Stanford], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Stony Brook], Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), American Geophysical Union, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), School of Physics and Astronomy [Clayton], Monash University [Clayton], Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Cornell University, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [UCSC Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Stanford University, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University [New York], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of California (UC), American Geophysical Union [Washington], Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and Universiteit Leiden
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, techniques: image processing, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Ring (chemistry), stars: individual (HD 191089), 01 natural sciences, Power law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Debris disk, Range (particle radiation), Scattering, protoplanetary disks, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stars: imaging, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, radiative transfer, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Halo, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Intensity (heat transfer), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We have obtained Hubble Space Telescope STIS and NICMOS, and Gemini/GPI scattered light images of the HD 191089 debris disk. We identify two spatial components: a ring resembling Kuiper Belt in radial extent (FWHM: ${\sim}$25 au, centered at ${\sim}$46 au), and a halo extending to ${\sim}$640 au. We find that the halo is significantly bluer than the ring, consistent with the scenario that the ring serves as the "birth ring" for the smaller dust in the halo. We measure the scattering phase functions in the 30{\deg}-150{\deg} scattering angle range and find the halo dust is both more forward- and backward-scattering than the ring dust. We measure a surface density power law index of -0.68${\pm}$0.04 for the halo, which indicates the slow-down of the radial outward motion of the dust. Using radiative transfer modeling, we attempt to simultaneously reproduce the (visible) total and (near-infrared) polarized intensity images of the birth ring. Our modeling leads to mutually inconsistent results, indicating that more complex models, such as the inclusion of more realistic aggregate particles, are needed., Comment: 29 pages, 18 figures, ApJ accepted
Published: 2019

134. Animal-Borne Telemetry: An Integral Component of the Ocean Observing Toolkit

Author: Rob Harcourt, Ana M. M. Sequeira, Xuelei Zhang, Fabien Roquet, Kosei Komatsu, Michelle Heupel, Clive McMahon, Fred Whoriskey, Mark Meekan, Gemma Carroll, Stephanie Brodie, Colin Simpfendorfer, Mark Hindell, Ian Jonsen, Daniel P. Costa, Barbara Block, Mônica Muelbert, Bill Woodward, Mike Weise, Kim Aarestrup, Martin Biuw, Lars Boehme, Steven J. Bograd, Dorian Cazau, Jean-Benoit Charrassin, Steven J. Cooke, Paul Cowley, P. J. Nico de Bruyn, Tiphaine Jeanniard du Dot, Carlos Duarte, Víctor M. Eguíluz, Luciana C. Ferreira, Juan Fernández-Gracia, Kimberly Goetz, Yusuke Goto, Christophe Guinet, Mike Hammill, Graeme C. Hays, Elliott L. Hazen, Luis A. Hückstädt, Charlie Huveneers, Sara Iverson, Saifullah Arifin Jaaman, Kongkiat Kittiwattanawong, Kit M. Kovacs, Christian Lydersen, Tim Moltmann, Masaru Naruoka, Lachlan Phillips, Baptiste Picard, Nuno Queiroz, Gilles Reverdin, Katsufumi Sato, David W. Sims, Eva B. Thorstad, Michele Thums, Anne M. Treasure, Andrew W. Trites, Guy D. Williams, Yoshinari Yonehara, Mike A. Fedak, Department of Biological Sciences [North Ryde], Macquarie University, The University of Western Australia Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences [Australia], The University of Western Australia (UWA), First Institute of Oceanography [China], Equipe Physique de l'Ocean Austral (DMPA), Graduate School of Frontier Sciences [Kashiwa], The University of Tokyo, Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), University of Sydney Institute of Marine Science (USIMS), The University of Sydney, Ocean Tracking network, Dalhousie University, Australian Institute of Marine Science [Perth] (AIMS Perth), Environmental Research Division [USA], NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center [USA], James Cook University (JCU), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), LaSIGE [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA)-Faculdade de Ciências, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment [USA], Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, NOAA Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Naval Research [USA], National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), NERC Sea Mammal Research Unit (NERC Sea Mammal Research Unit), NERC, Sea Mammal Research Unit (SMRU), University of Saint Andrews, Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_TOMS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterrani d´Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), CSIC-UIB, IFISC, CSIRO Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre [Australia], Instituto de Fısica Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB), Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences [Australia], School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (University of California Santa Cruz), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Malaysia Institute of Oceanography, University of Malaysia, Phuket Marine Biological Center (PMBC), FRAM Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Integrated Marine Observing System, Aeronautical Technology Directorate [Japan], Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos/Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology [Portugal], Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Insitute of Polar Research, National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Department of Oceanography and Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Fisheries Centre (Marine Mammal Research Unit), University of British Columbia (UBC), Department of Marine Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Santa Cruz], Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews [Scotland], École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria, Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd [New Zealand], Marine Biological Association of the UK, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Sea Mammal Research Unit [University of St Andrews] (SMRU), School of Biology [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-University of St Andrews [Scotland]-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Zoology and Entomology [Pretoria], University of Pretoria [South Africa], Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA), Universidade do Porto, Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Research Foundation [South Africa] (NRF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidade do Porto = University of Porto
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, Home range, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Big data, Ocean Engineering, Aquatic Science, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, movement analysis, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Telemetry, Ecosystem, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 14. Life underwater, Animal telemetry, lcsh:Science, Animal movement, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Remote sensing, Abiotic component, Global and Planetary Change, geography, ocean observing, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Continental shelf, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, EOV, Sampling (statistics), animal movement, Habitat, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, business, animal telemetry
Abstract: International audience; Animal telemetry is a powerful tool for observing marine animals and the physical environments that they inhabit, from coastal and continental shelf ecosystems to polar seas and open oceans. Satellite-linked biologgers and networks of acoustic receivers allow animals to be reliably monitored over scales of tens of meters to thousands of kilometers, giving insight into their habitat use, home range size, the phenology of migratory patterns and the biotic and abiotic factors that drive their distributions. Furthermore, physical environmental variables can be collected using animals as autonomous sampling platforms, increasing spatial and temporal coverage of global oceanographic observation systems. The use of animal telemetry, therefore, has the capacity to provide measures from a suite of essential ocean variables (EOVs) for improved monitoring of Earth's oceans. Here we outline the design features of animal telemetry systems, describe current applications and their benefits and challenges, and discuss future directions. We describe new analytical techniques that improve our ability to not only quantify animal movements but to also provide a powerful framework for comparative studies across taxa. We discuss the application of animal telemetry and its capacity to collect biotic and abiotic data, how the data collected can be incorporated into ocean observing systems, and the role these data can play in improved ocean management.
Published: 2019

135. Degraded situation awareness risk assessment in the aerospace domain

Author: Jean-Marc Salotti, Ephraim Suhir, COGNITIQUE, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Augmenting human comfort in the factory using cobots (AUCTUS), Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Cognitique (ENSC), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Augmenter l'humain par CoboT pour n Usage en Symbiose (AUCTUS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: Situation awareness, business.industry, Computer science, Probability risk assessment, 05 social sciences, Bayesian probability, Bayesian network, Robotics, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Domain (software engineering), [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Risk analysis (engineering), [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Robot, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Artificial intelligence, 0210 nano-technology, business, Risk assessment, 050107 human factors, Risk management
Abstract: International audience; Numerous accidents are due to situation awareness degradation. However, as there exist many different causes and human factors are not well understood, it is very difficult for experts to provide probability risks assessments. It is proposed here to simplify the problem by classifying accidents according to the main demons that degrade situation awareness and to use a Bayesian approach with the Noisy-Or nodes. Interestingly, it is possible to use the same approach in the robotics domain.
Published: 2019

136. Dynamics and asexual reproduction of the jellyfish Aurelia coerulea benthic life stage in the Thau lagoon (northwestern Mediterranean)

Author: Yann Tremblay, Delphine Bonnet, Elise Hatey, Audrey M. Darnaude, Juan Carlos Molinero, Solenn Soriano, Sébastien Colantoni, Agustín Schiariti, Raquel Marques, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Observatoire de REcherche Méditerranéen de l'Environnement (OSU OREME), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Abiotic component, Jellyfish, Biotic component, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Asexual reproduction, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, biology.animal, 14. Life underwater, Strobilation, Bloom, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: For many jellyfish, the magnitude and timing of medusae blooms are recognized to result from the benthic stage dynamics. However, information on the scyphistomae of jellyfish populations in the wild remains scarce. Here, bi-mensual underwater photoquadrat surveys were combined with scyphistomae sampling and observation to describe the annual (February 2017-January 2018) benthic stage dynamics and asexual reproduction strategy of Aurelia coerulea in the Thau lagoon (43 degrees 2531.1N; 03 degrees 420.9E). Our results revealed unexpected seasonal patterns of variation: scyphistoma coverage peaked in the spring (11.6 +/- 3.7% on 21stApril) and was minimal in the summer and autumn (1.4 +/- 1.3% on 10th October). The increase in scyphistoma coverage mainly resulted from an intense production of buds between February and April during the spring rise in water temperature (peak of 12,800 buds m(-2) on 21stApril), but scyphistoma coverage appeared to be negatively influenced by the interaction of high summer temperatures and salinities. Strobilation was observed from November to April. It peaked on 17th November, with 33.1% of the scyphistomae strobilating and an average production of 19,100 strobila disks m(-2). However, the low scyphistoma coverage at this time of the year (
Published: 2019

137. The Global High Frequency Radar Network

Author: Charles-Antoine Guérin, Jian-Wu Lai, Siriluk Prukpitikul, Kevin Bartlett, Annalisa Griffa, Peter Rogowski, Simone Cosoli, Brian Whitehouse, Thomas Cook, Carlo Mantovani, Lisa Hazard, Emma Reyes, Eric Terrill, John L. Largier, Enrique Álvarez Fanjul, Mark Otero, Julien Mader, Jack Harlan, Birgit Hansen, Sang Ho Lee, Jorge Sanchez, Stephan T. Grilli, Lorenzo Corgnati, Scott Glenn, Pablo Lorente, Doug George, Kelly Johanna Saavedra-Matta, Lucy R. Wyatt, Anna Rubio, Naoto Ebuchi, X. Flores-Vidal, Hugh Roarty, Dept Ecol Evol Biol, Univ California SC (EEB-UCSC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, School of Mathematics and Statistics [Sheffield] (SoMaS), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Organismo publico puertos del estado, AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division, Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Genova] (ISMAR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), SOCIB Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, Organismo P\'{u}blico Puertos del Estado (PdE), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Xerox Research Centre Europe [Meylan], Xerox Company, Royal School of Library and Information Science (RSLIS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of Rhode Island (URI), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, remote sensing, high frequency radar, ocean currents, waves, tsunami, boundary currents, ocean observing system, lcsh:QH1-199.5, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Ocean Engineering, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 14. Life underwater, Radar, lcsh:Science, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Coastal hazards, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean current, Data sharing, Ocean dynamics, Ocean surface topography, 13. Climate action, Remote sensing (archaeology), Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Group on Earth Observations
Abstract: Academic, government, and private organizations from around the globe have established High Frequency radar (hereinafter, HFR) networks at regional or national levels. Partnerships have been established to coordinate and collaborate on a single global HFR network (http://global-hfradar.org/ ). These partnerships were established in 2012 as part of the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) to promote HFR technology and increase data sharing among operators and users. The main product of HFR networks are continuous maps of ocean surface currents within 200 km of the coast at high spatial (1-6 km) and temporal resolution (hourly or higher). Cutting-edge remote sensing technologies are becoming a standard component for ocean observing systems, contributing to the paradigm shift towards ocean monitoring. In 2017 the Global HFR Network was recognized by the Joint Technical WMO-IOC Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) as an observing network of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). In this paper we will discuss the development of the network as well as establishing goals for the future. The U.S. High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet) has been in operation for over thirteen years, with radar data being ingested from 31 organizations including measurements from Canada and Mexico. HFRNet currently holds a collection from over 150 radar installations totaling millions of records of surface ocean velocity measurements. During the past 10 years in Europe, HFR networks have been showing steady growth with over 60 stations currently deployed and many in the planning stage. In Asia and Oceania countries, more than 110 radar stations are in operation. HFR technology can be found in a wide range of applications: for marine safety, oil spill response, tsunami warning, pollution assessment, coastal zone management, tracking environmental change, numerical model simulation of 3-dimensional circulation, and research to generate new understanding of coastal ocean dynamics, depending mainly on each country's coastal sea characteristics. These radar networks are examples of national inter-agency and inter-institutional partnerships for improving oceanographic research and operations. As global partnerships grow, these collaborations and improved data sharing enhances our ability to respond to regional, national, and global environmental and management issues.
Published: 2019

138. Transmission of Nipah Virus - 14 Years of Investigations in Bangladesh

Author: Ute Ströher, Birgit Nikolay, John D. Klena, Simon Cauchemez, Sharmin Sultana, Stephen P. Luby, Henrik Salje, A. Marm Kilpatrick, Emily S. Gurley, Sayma Afroj, Peter Daszak, Hossain M.S. Sazzad, Juliet R. C. Pulliam, M Jahangir Hossain, Mahmudur Rahman, A. K. M. Dawlat Khan, Stuart T. Nichol, Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia (MRC), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research [Dhaka, Bangladesh] (IEDCR), EcoHealth Alliance [New York], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Stellenbosch University, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Auburn University (AU), Stanford University, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Supported by a grant (2R01-TW005869) from the National Institutes of Health, by the CDC, by support from the Laboratory of Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (to Drs. Nikolay and Cauchemez), by support from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study Initiative (to Drs. Nikolay and Cauchemez), by support from the INCEPTION project (PIA/ANR-16-CONV-0005) (to Drs. Nikolay, Salje, and Cauchemez), by support from the AXA Research Fund (to Drs. Nikolay and Cauchemez), and by core or unrestricted support from the governments of Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden, and the United Kingdom., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: Male, viruses, Nipah virus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Henipavirus Infections, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MESH: Body Fluids, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Risk Factors, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Risk Factors, MESH: Child, Zoonoses, Medicine, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Nipah Virus, Child, Henipavirus Infections, Bangladesh, MESH: Middle Aged, Transmission (medicine), Age Factors, food and beverages, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Body Fluids, MESH: Young Adult, Female, MESH: Bangladesh, MESH: Zoonoses, Disease transmission, Adult, Adolescent, Virulence, MESH: Disease Transmission, Infectious, Article, MESH: Contact Tracing, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Animals, Humans, Zoonotic pathogen, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Nipah Virus, Outbreak, MESH: Adult, Virology, MESH: Male, Contact Tracing, business, MESH: Female, Contact tracing
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundNipah virus is a highly virulent zoonotic pathogen that can be transmitted between humans. Understanding the dynamics of person-to-person transmission is key to designing effective interventions.MethodsWe used data from all Nipah virus cases identified during outbreak investigations in Bangladesh from April 2001 through April 2014 to investigate case-patient characteristics associated with onward transmission and factors associated with the risk of infection among patient contacts.ResultsOf 248 Nipah virus cases identified, 82 were caused by person-to-person transmission, corresponding to a reproduction number (i.e., the average number of secondary cases per case patient) of 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19 to 0.59). The predicted reproduction number increased with the case patient’s age and was highest among patients 45 years of age or older who had difficulty breathing (1.1; 95% CI, 0.4 to 3.2). Case patients who did not have difficulty breathing infected 0.05 times as many contacts (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.3) as other case patients did. Serologic testing of 1863 asymptomatic contacts revealed no infections. Spouses of case patients were more often infected (8 of 56 [14%]) than other close family members (7 of 547 [1.3%]) or other contacts (18 of 1996 [0.9%]). The risk of infection increased with increased duration of exposure of the contacts (adjusted odds ratio for exposure of >48 hours vs. ≤1 hour, 13; 95% CI, 2.6 to 62) and with exposure to body fluids (adjusted odds ratio, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.6 to 11).ConclusionsIncreasing age and respiratory symptoms were indicators of infectivity of Nipah virus. Interventions to control person-to-person transmission should aim to reduce exposure to body fluids. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.)
Published: 2019

139. Visualizing the Effect of an Electrostatic Gate with Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy

Author: Romaric Le Goff, Hemian Yi, Eberth A. Quezada-Lopez, Emmanuel Baudin, Takashi Taniguchi, Jairo Velasco, Zhehao Ge, Frédéric Joucken, Maria C. Asensio, Kenji Watanabe, José Avila, John Davenport, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain (LPA), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nano-Optique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), US Army Research Laboratory, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: NanoARPES, Electronic structure, Materials science, Photoemission spectroscopy, Band gap, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, Electrostatic gating, Electric field, General Materials Science, Electronic band structure, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Heterojunction, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, ARPES, Bilayer graphene, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Van der Waals heterostructure
Abstract: [EN] Electrostatic gating is pervasive in materials science, yet its effects on the electronic band structure of materials has never been revealed directly by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), the technique of choice to noninvasively probe the electronic band structure of a material. By means of a state-of-the-art ARPES setup with submicron spatial resolution, we have investigated a heterostructure composed of Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) on hexagonal boron nitride and deposited on a graphite flake. By voltage biasing the latter, the electric field effect is directly visualized on the valence band as well as on the carbon 1s core level of BLG. The band gap opening of BLG submitted to a transverse electric field is discussed and the importance of intra layer screening is put forward. Our results pave the way for new studies that will use momentum-resolved electronic structure information to gain insight on the physics of materials submitted to the electric field effect., ANR-14-CE08-018-05 funding “GoBN". J.V.J acknowledges support from UCOP. Atomic Force Microscope images were taken with an instrument acquired from Contract W911NF-17-1-0473 from the Army Research Office. BLG/hBN/graphite stacks were assembled in a glove box that was acquired from Contract W911NF-17-1-0473 from the Army Research Office.
Published: 2019

140. Stiffness Control of Deformable Robots Using Finite Element Modeling

Author: Allison M. Okamura, Christian Duriez, Margaret Koehler, Department of Mechanical Engineering [Stanford], Stanford University, Deformable Robots Simulation Team (DEFROST ), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inria@SiliconValley (Inria@SiliconValley), Stanford University-University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-University of Southern California (USC)-CITRIS-University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Fulbright and Chateaubriand fellowships, SOFA, DEFROST, Stanford University-University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-University of Southern California (USC)-CITRIS-University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Control and Optimization, Haptics and Haptic Interfaces, Computer science, Biomedical Engineering, Soft robotics, 02 engineering and technology, law.invention, Computer Science::Robotics, Compliance and Impedance Control, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Modeling, Artificial Intelligence, law, Control theory, Control, medicine, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Haptic technology, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Robot kinematics, Mechanical Engineering, Stiffness, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Robot end effector, Computer Science Applications, Robot control, Human-Computer Interaction, Impedance control, Control and Systems Engineering, Robot, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, medicine.symptom, 0210 nano-technology, Actuator, Learning for Soft Robots
Abstract: International audience; Due to the complexity of modeling deformable materials and infinite degrees of freedom, the rich background of rigid robot control has not been transferred to soft robots. Thus, most model-based control techniques developed for soft robots and soft haptic interfaces are specific to the particular device. In this paper, we develop a general method for stiffness control of soft robots suitable for arbitrary robot geometry and many types of actuation. Extending previous work that uses finite element modeling for position control, we determine the relationship between end-effector and actuator compliance, including the inherent device compliance, and use this to determine the appropriate controlled actuator stiffness for a desired stiffness of the end-effector. Such stiffness control, as the first component of impedance control, can be used to compensate for the natural stiffness of the deformable device and to control the robot's interaction with the environment or a user. We validate the stiffness projection on a deformable robot and include this stiffness projection in a haptic control loop to render a virtual fixture.
Published: 2019

141. Alloparental care in the sea: Brood parasitism and adoption within and between two species of coral reef Altrichthys damselfish?

Author: Giacomo Bernardi, Bruce E. Lyon, Gary C. Longo, Kimberly Tenggardjaja, Alexis M. Jackson, Nicole L. Crane, Angela L. Quiros, Juliette Tariel, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (University of California Santa Cruz), Équipe 1 - Biodiversité et Adaptation dans les Hydrosystèmes (BAH), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology, Cabrillo College, The Nature Conservancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Genotype, Offspring, Parasitism, Zoology, damselfish, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Nesting Behavior, 03 medical and health sciences, Nest, Altrichthys, Adoption, Genetics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Damselfish, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, reproductive and urinary physiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, brood parasitism, Brood parasite, Parenting, Coral Reefs, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], fungi, Fishes, biology.organism_classification, Brood, 030104 developmental biology, behavior/social evolution, behavior and behavior mechanisms, Pomacentrus smithi, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Paternal care
Abstract: The evolution of parental care opens the door for the evolution of brood parasitic strategies that allow individuals to gain the benefits of parental care without paying the costs. Here we provide the first documentation for alloparental care in coral reef fish and we discuss why these patterns may reflect conspecific and interspecific brood parasitism. Species-specific barcodes revealed the existence of low levels (3.5% of all offspring) of mixed interspecific broods, mostly juvenile Amblyglyphidodon batunai and Pomacentrus smithi damselfish in Altrichthys broods. A separate analysis of conspecific parentage based on microsatellite markers revealed that mixed parentage broods are common in both species, and the genetic patterns are consistent with two different modes of conspecific brood parasitism, although further studies are required to determine the specific mechanisms responsible for these mixed parentage broods. While many broods had offspring from multiple parasites, in many cases a given brood contained only a single foreign offspring, perhaps a consequence of the movement of lone juveniles between nests. In other cases, broods contained large numbers of putative parasitic offspring from the same parents and we propose that these are more likely to be cases where parasitic adults laid a large number of eggs in the host nest than the result of movements of large numbers of offspring from a single brood after hatching. The evidence that these genetic patterns reflect adaptive brood parasitism, as well as possible costs and benefits of parasitism to hosts and parasites, are discussed.
Published: 2019

142. Late glacial to deglacial variation of coralgal assemblages in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Author: Kazuhiko Fujita, Eberhard Gischler, Juan C. Braga, Raphaël Bourillot, Marc Humblet, Hironobu Kan, Donald C. Potts, Yasufumi Iryu, André W. Droxler, Jody M. Webster, Claire Seard, Yusuke Yokoyama, Nagoya University, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, The University of Sydney, University of Granada [Granada], Tohoku University [Sendai], WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), The University of Tokyo, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Earth Science [Houston], Rice University [Houston], Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Grand Narbonne, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Géoressources et environnement, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Kyushu University
Subjects: paleoenvironment, Younger Dryas, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, growth, Porites, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, deglaciation, 01 natural sciences, Montipora, morphology, Acropora, shelf break, 14. Life underwater, Glacial period, community composition, Reef, Ocean Drilling Program, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Last Glacial Maximum, Terrigenous sediment, shallow water, environmental change, Porolithon, biology.organism_classification, Pleistocene, sedimentation, sea level change, Geology, coralline alga
Abstract: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 325 cored submerged reefs along the shelf edge of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) to study sea-level and environmental changes and their impacts on reef communities and reef growth since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Previous work defined five reef sequences (Reef 1–5) that span the last 30,000 years. Here we examined the variation in coralgal assemblages and their paleoenvironmental settings in late glacial to deglacial sequences from 23 holes cored seaward of the modern GBR in water depths from 46 to 131 m along four transects at three localities: Hydrographers Passage (HYD-01C and HYD-02A), Noggin Pass (NOG-01B), and Ribbon Reef (RIB-02A). We identified three coralline algal assemblages and eight coral assemblages indicating a broad range of reef settings from the shallow reef crest (0–5 m) to the deep forereef slope (>20 m). We document in detail for the first time the distribution and composition of reef communities that grew in the GBR during the LGM from 22,000–19,000 years ago. They included coral taxa that are major reef builders today: Isopora, Acropora gr. humilis, Dipsastraea gr. pallida, Porites, and Montipora. Prior to the fall in sea level to the maximum extent of the LGM, late glacial reef communities developed more proximally (landward) to the modern GBR along the shelf edge. Their distribution and composition reflect influences of the older Pleistocene basement depth and possible terrigenous sediment inputs. Post-LGM deglacial reef growth was vigorous in proximal sites and characterized by the accretion of a very shallow high-energy coralgal assemblage composed of medium to robustly branching Acropora, including A. gr. humilis, and thick algal crusts of Porolithon gr. onkodes associated with vermetid gastropods. More distally, reef growth was variably impacted by terrigenous input following deglacial reflooding of antecedent reef terraces. The coralgal succession and sedimentary facies in Noggin Pass indicate that an early drowning trend was linked to increased turbidity that was likely controlled by shelf morphology (narrow shelf, steep slope) and/or proximity to a paleo-river mouth. The deglacial succession in Ribbon Reef lacks typical shallow-water indicators, which may reflect influences of the particularly steep slope of the northern GBR shelf edge on reef zonation. A major sea-level jump at the onset of the Younger Dryas displaced reef habitats further upslope, forming a barrier reef system mainly composed of robustly branching acroporids distinct from the more distal sites. Our results highlight the importance of sedimentation and shelf morphology in addition to relative sea-level changes in controlling variations in reef community over centennial to millennial timescales., ファイル公開：2021-03-01
Published: 2019

143. Bright Opportunities for Atmospheric Characterization of Small Planets: Masses and Radii of K2-3 b, c, and d and GJ3470 b from Radial Velocity Measurements and Spitzer Transits

Author: Kosiarek, Molly R., Crossfield, Ian J. M., Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K., Livingston, John H., Benneke, Björn, Henry, Gregory W., Howard, Ward S., Berardo, David, Blunt, Sarah, Fulton, Benjamin J., Hirsch, Lea A., Howard, Andrew W., Isaacson, Howard, Petigura, Erik A., Sinukoff, Evan, Weiss, Lauren, Bonfils, X., Dressing, Courtney D., Knutson, Heather A., Schlieder, Joshua E., Werner, Michael, Gorjian, Varoujan, Krick, Jessica, Morales, Farisa Y., Astudillo-Defru, Nicola, Almenara, J.-M., Delfosse, X., Forveille, T., Lovis, C., Mayor, M., Murgas, F., Pepe, F., Santos, N. C., Udry, S., Corbett, H. T., Fors, Octavi, Law, Nicholas M., Ratzloff, Jeffrey K., del Ser, Daniel, Kosiarek, Molly, Crossfield, Ian, Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin, Livingston, John, Henry, Gregory, Howard, Ward, Fulton, Benjamin, Hirsch, Lea, Howard, Andrew, Petigura, Erik, Dressing, Courtney, Knutson, Heather, Schlieder, Joshua, Morales, Farisa, Law, Nicholas, Ratzloff, Jeffrey, Ser, Daniel del, Département de Physique [Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal], Department of Earth and Planetary Science [UC Berkeley] (EPS), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Université de Montréal - UdeM (CANADA), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Universidad de Concepción [Chile], Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto (CAUP), Universidade do Porto [Porto], Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [UCSC Santa Cruz], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), SRI International [Menlo Park] (SRI), Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC), Caltech Department of Astronomy [Pasadena], Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Leeds, Tennessee State University, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Universidade do Porto
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Rotation, Ephemeris, 01 natural sciences, techniques: photometric, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, techniques: radial velocities, Transit (astronomy), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Stellar rotation, planets and satellites: composition, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radial velocity, Stars, Photometry (astronomy), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We report improved masses, radii, and densities for four planets in two bright M-dwarf systems, K2-3 and GJ3470, derived from a combination of new radial velocity and transit observations. Supplementing K2 photometry with follow-up Spitzer transit observations refined the transit ephemerides of K2-3 b, c, and d by over a factor of 10. We analyze ground-based photometry from the Evryscope and Fairborn Observatory to determine the characteristic stellar activity timescales for our Gaussian Process fit, including the stellar rotation period and activity region decay timescale. The stellar rotation signals for both stars are evident in the radial velocity data and are included in our fit using a Gaussian process trained on the photometry. We find the masses of K2-3 b, K2-3 c and GJ3470 b to be 6.48$^{+0.99}_{-0.93}$, 2.14$^{+1.08}_{-1.04}$, and 12.58$^{+1.31}_{-1.28}$ M$_\oplus$ respectively. K2-3 d was not significantly detected and has a 3-$\sigma$ upper limit of 2.80 M$_\oplus$. These two systems are training cases for future TESS systems; due to the low planet densities ($\rho$ $, Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted to AJ
Published: 2019

144. Bayesian Fairness

Author: Dimitrakakis, Christos, Liu, Yang, Parkes, David, Radanovic, Goran, Sequential Learning [SEQUEL], University of California [Santa Cruz] [UC Santa Cruz], Sequential Learning (SEQUEL), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), and Harvard University [Cambridge]
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Statistics - Machine Learning, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Machine Learning (stat.ML), 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract: We consider the problem of how decision making can be fair when the underlying probabilistic model of the world is not known with certainty. We argue that recent notions of fairness in machine learning need to explicitly incorporate parameter uncertainty, hence we introduce the notion of {\em Bayesian fairness} as a suitable candidate for fair decision rules. Using balance, a definition of fairness introduced by Kleinberg et al (2016), we show how a Bayesian perspective can lead to well-performing, fair decision rules even under high uncertainty., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, to appear at AAAI 2019
Published: 2019

145. π-Bond Character in Metal–Alkyl Compounds for C–H Activation: How, When, and Why?

Author: Christopher P. Gordon, Christophe Copéret, Richard A. Andersen, Odile Eisenstein, Matthew P. Conley, Damien B. Culver, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Berkeley University of California (UC BERKELEY)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Olefin fiber, Chemistry, Isolobal principle, General Chemistry, Carbon-13 NMR, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, Metathesis, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Medicinal chemistry, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, Metal, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Electron configuration, Alkyl
Abstract: International audience; C–H bond activation via σ-bond metathesis is typically observed with transition-metal alkyl compounds in d0 or d0fn electron configurations, e.g., biscyclopentadienyl metal alkyls. Related C–H activation processes are also observed for transition-metal alkyls with higher d-electron counts, such as W(II), Fe(II), or Ir(III). A σ-bond metathesis mechanism has been proposed in all cases with a preference for an oxidative addition–reductive elimination pathway for Ir(III). Herein we show that, regardless of the exact mechanism, C–H activation with all of these compounds is associated with π-character of the M–C bond, according to a detailed analysis of the 13C NMR chemical shift tensor of the α-carbon. π-Character is also a requirement for olefin insertion, indicating its similarity to σ-bond metathesis. This observation explains the H2 response observed in d0 olefin polymerization catalysts and underlines that σ-bond metathesis, olefin insertion, and olefin metathesis are in fact isolobal reactions.
Published: 2019

146. geomstats: a Python Package for Riemannian Geometry in Machine Learning

Author: Miolane, Nina, Mathe, Johan, Donnat, Claire, Jorda, Mikael, Pennec, Xavier, E-Patient : Images, données & mOdèles pour la médeciNe numériquE (EPIONE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Inria@SiliconValley (Inria@SiliconValley), Stanford University-University of Southern California (USC)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California-University of California-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-CITRIS-University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Frog labs AI San Francisco, Stanford University, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Inria@SiliconValley, GeomStats, Stanford University-University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-University of Southern California (USC)-CITRIS-University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), and University of California (UC)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning, [MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG], Machine Learning (stat.ML), Computer Science - Mathematical Software, Mathematics::Differential Geometry, Mathematical Software (cs.MS), Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [INFO.INFO-MS]Computer Science [cs]/Mathematical Software [cs.MS]
Abstract: We introduce geomstats, a python package that performs computations on manifolds such as hyperspheres, hyperbolic spaces, spaces of symmetric positive definite matrices and Lie groups of transformations. We provide efficient and extensively unit-tested implementations of these manifolds, together with useful Riemannian metrics and associated Exponential and Logarithm maps. The corresponding geodesic distances provide a range of intuitive choices of Machine Learning loss functions. We also give the corresponding Riemannian gradients. The operations implemented in geomstats are available with different computing backends such as numpy, tensorflow and keras. We have enabled GPU implementation and integrated geomstats manifold computations into keras deep learning framework. This paper also presents a review of manifolds in machine learning and an overview of the geomstats package with examples demonstrating its use for efficient and user-friendly Riemannian geometry., Preprint NIPS2018
Published: 2019

147. Mercury as an indicator of foraging ecology but not the breeding hormone prolactin in seabirds

Author: Scott A. Shaffer, Jennifer L. Lavers, Morgan E. Gilmour, Olivier Chastel, Carl H. Lamborg, S.A. Kania, Ocean Sciences Department, University of California [USA], University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences [USA], The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Department of Biological Sciences [San Jose, USA], San Jose State University [San José] (SJSU), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Foraging, Population, General Decision Sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Chemical tracer, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, biology.animal, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Mesopelagic predator, Pelagic zone, Western Australia, Contaminant, biology.organism_classification, Mercury (element), Prolactin, Procellariiformes, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Seabird, Bioindicator
Abstract: International audience; Marine predators are frequently exposed to contaminants through diet, and thus contaminants like mercury have the potential to be used as tracers of foraging ecology. Mercury’s neurotoxic and endocrine-disrupting effects can have far-ranging consequences for both individuals and populations, and thus mercury concentrations could also be indicative of wildlife health. Because blood samples are relatively non-invasive and easy to obtain in seabird colonies, we investigated whether blood-based mercury concentrations were representative of foraging ecology and breeding hormone concentrations in seabirds. Blood-based mercury carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, and the reproductive hormone, prolactin, were sampled from two seabird species that exhibit different foraging strategies in Western Australia: Great-winged Petrels (Pterodroma macroptera) are pelagic squid-specialists whose populations are under-studied; Flesh-footed Shearwaters (Ardenna carneipes) are coastal foragers that associate with fishing vessels, and are a species listed as Vulnerable in Western Australia. Mercury was six times higher in Great-winged Petrels (geometric mean ± SE: 3.360 ± 0.180 μg g−1 ww, n=15) than Flesh-footed Shearwaters (0.554 ± 0.109 μg g−1 ww, n=12). There was a significant difference in δ15N between species, and within-species variation in δ13C mirrored variation in mercury concentrations, supporting the view that foraging ecology plays a central role in mercury exposure. Furthermore, Great-winged Petrels’ mercury concentrations are among the highest reported in seabirds. However, no relationship between mercury and prolactin concentrations was detected. Overall, these results demonstrate that mercury can be used as a foraging ecology tracer in these populations but may not be a good indicator of seabirds’ breeding hormones like prolactin, though mercury may affect other aspects of reproduction that we did not measure. These results may aid in future assessment of population trends in these, and other, species.
Published: 2019

148. Bulk pollen sequencing reveals rapid evolution of segregation distortion in the male germline of Arabidopsis hybrids

Author: Hélène Frérot, Vincent Castric, Paloma Medina, Christelle Blassiau, Russell Corbett-Detig, Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP))
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Letter, Arabidopsis, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Pollen, Genetics, medicine, Letters, Gene, Arabidopsis lyrata, hybridization, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Whole genome sequencing, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology, biology.organism_classification, medicine.anatomical_structure, speciation, Evolutionary biology, Mendelian inheritance, symbols, Gamete, Ploidy, segregation distortion, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Genes that do not segregate in heterozygotes at Mendelian ratios are a potentially important evolutionary force in natural populations. Although the impacts of segregation distortion are widely appreciated, we have little quantitative understanding about how often these loci arise and fix within lineages. Here, we develop a statistical approach for detecting segregation distorting genes from the comprehensive comparison of whole genome sequence data obtained from bulk gamete versus somatic tissues. Our approach enables estimation of map positions and confidence intervals, and quantification of effect sizes of segregation distorters. We apply our method to the pollen of two interspecific F1 hybrids of Arabidopsis lyrata and A. halleri and we identify three loci across eight chromosomes showing significant evidence of segregation distortion in both pollen samples. Based on this, we estimate that novel segregation distortion elements evolve and achieve high frequencies within lineages at a rate of approximately one per 244,000 years. Furthermore, we estimate that haploid-acting segregation distortion may contribute between 10% and 30% of reduced pollen viability in F1 individuals. Our results indicate haploid acting factors evolve rapidly and dramatically influence segregation in F1 hybrid individuals.
Published: 2019
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149. Population genomics of Neurospora Insights Into the Life History of a Model Microbial Eukaryote

Author: Gladieux, Pierre, De Bellis, Fabien, HANN-SODEN, Christopher, Svedberg, Jesper, Johannesson, Hanna, Taylor, John, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Genomics Institute and Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], fungi, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology
Abstract: International audience; The ascomycete filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa played a historic role in experimental biology and became a model system for genetic research. Stimulated by a systematic effort to collect wild strains initiated by Stanford geneticist David Perkins, the genus Neurospora has also become a basic model for the study of evolutionary processes, speciation, and population biology. In this chapter, we will first trace the history that brought Neurospora into the era of population genomics. We will then cover the major contributions of population genomic investigations using Neurospora to our understanding of microbial biogeography and speciation, and review recent work using population genomics and genome-wide association mapping that illustrates the unique potential of Neurospora as a model for identifying the genetic basis of (potentially adaptive) phenotypes in filamentous fungi. The advent of population genomics has contributed to firmly establish Neurospora as a complete model system and we hope our review will entice biologists to include Neurospora in their research.
Published: 2019

150. Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems With Nonholonomic Restrictions via Lyapunov’s Direct Method

Author: Elena Panteley, Emmanuel Nuño, Antonio Loria, Abraham Bautista, Mohamed Maghenem, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California, Universidad de Guadalajara, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Lyapunov function, Nonholonomic system, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Control and Optimization, Computer science, Linear system, 02 engineering and technology, law.invention, Computer Science::Robotics, symbols.namesake, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Exponential stability, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, law, Position (vector), [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Convergence (routing), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Cartesian coordinate system
Abstract: International audience; This paper presents a smooth time-varying δ-persistently exciting controller for full consensus of autonomous nonholonomic vehicles modelled as unicycles. This consists in the robots assuming a common prescribed Cartesian position relative to an unknown barycentre and an unknown common orientation. More significantly, for the first time in the literature, a strict Lyapunov function is provided and uniform global asymptotic stability for the closed-loop system is established. This is well beyond weaker convergence properties that are more commonly guaranteed in the literature.
Published: 2019

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