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The influence of different temperatures (22 degrees capital ES, Cyrillic, 30 degrees capital ES, Cyrillic, 37 degrees capital ES, Cyrillic) of 2% saline solution and isotonic saline solution on the breathing function of the nasal cavity and transport function of the nasal mucosa in nasal shower with these solutions was studied in healthy volunteers. Nasal shower technique with application of the device Rhinolife is described. It was found that nasal shower with isotonic saline solution at temperature of 37 degrees C is optimal as it does not depress a nasal breathing function and is comfortable for the patient.

A transport function and motor activity of the ciliary system (MACS) of the nasal mucosa was studied in 10 patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis (CPRS). A complex examination included optic endoscopy of the nasal cavity for assessment of nasal polypous process, timing of the saccharine test (ST) according to standard technique, and ciliary beat rate (BR) by V.S. Kozlov method. For estimation of ciliary BR epithelium was taken from five zones: inferior and middle turbinated bones, nasal septum, base and top of the polyp growing from the median nasal passage. ST time in CPRS is much higher (28.3+/-0.34 min) than normal age-specific values. Ciliary BR in different nasal anatomic zones in CPRS is not similar. MACS on the inferior turbinated bone and nasal septum was absent, none of the samples contained cells with functioning cilia. Ciliary BR remained rather high, despite the pathological process, at the site of the top and base of the polyps as well as on the middle turbinated bone (8.7+/-1.07, 8.1+/-1.02, 6.5+/-0.35 Hz, respectively).

A nasal cycle was studied in 10 healthy children (5 boys and 5 girls) aged 11-17 years (mean age 14.1+/-1.9 years). Registration of the nasal cycle was conducted for 7 hours by means of long-term nasal monitoring with Rhinocycle rhinoflowmeter (Interacoustics, Denmark). The nasal cycle was presented as a graphic image of fluctuations of a relative volumetric flux (RVF) in the relative units in accordance with linear dependence of pressure in the air flow to its volume. The nasal cycle in all healthy children was irregular, with mean fluctuation rate 1.3+/-0.6 h. There were no significant differences by RVF between the right and left parts of the nose in 8 children. In girls the nasal cycle most often was partially coinsiding, partially fluctuating while in most boys (in 4 of 5) the nasal cycle was irregular bilateral and fluctuating. It was found that the cycle was not longer or regular with the child's growth.

The main goal of this proposal is the search for a narrow cryptoexotic nucleon resonance by scanning of the pi- p system invariant mass in the region (1610-1770) MeV with the detection of pi- p and K Lambda decays. The scan is supposed to be done by the variation of the incident pi- momentum and its measurement with the accuracy of up to +-0.1% (better than 1 MeV in terms of the invariant mass in the whole energy range) with a set of proportional chambers located in the first focus of the magnetooptical channel. High sensitivity of the method to the resonance under search is shown. The secondary particles scattered from a liquid hydrogen target are detected by sets of the wire drift chambers equipped with modern electronics. The time scale of the project is about 3 years. The budget estimate including manpower, the apparatus and operation cost, is about 40 million rubles. The beam time required is (4-6) two week runs on "high" (10 GeV/c) flattop of the ITEP proton synchrotron.

Acute rhinosinusitis is leading in frequency of antibiotic prescribing all over the world. At the same time the problem of antibiotic resistance and safety of antimicrobial drugs becomes more relevant and international. The article describes the basic mechanisms of bacterial resistance and growth of side effects when using macrolides, respiratory fluoroquinilones and β-lactam antibiotics of different types. Formation of IgE-mediated cephalosporin allergy is associated with the side R1 chain. The R1 structure of cephalosporins I and II generations is similar to penicillins, thus creating conditions for cross-allergy progression. R1 of cephalosporins III and IV generations is represented by a qualitatively different chemical compound (aminothiazol-oxime group) that increases the level of tolerance to these antibiotic types. The data of surveillance study are given to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the new drug Spectracef (active substance is cephalosporin of III generation Cefditoren) when treating acute bacterial rhinosinusitis on an outpatient basis.Острый риносинусит занимает лидирующее положение по частоте назначения антибиотиков во всем мире. Одновременно актуальность проблемы антибиотикорезистентности и безопасности применения антибактериальных препаратов приобретает межнациональные масштабы. В статье приведены основные механизмы устойчивости бактерий и развития побочных явлений при применении макролидов, респираторных фторхинолонов и разных классов β-лактамных антибиотиков. Формирование IgE-опосредованной аллергии на цефалоспорины связано с боковой R1 цепью. Строение R1 имеет сходство с пенициллинами только у цефалоспоринов I и II поколений, тем самым создавая условия для развития перекрестной аллергии. У цефалоспоринов III и IV поколений R1 представлена качественно другим химическим соединением (аминотиазол-оксим группой), что повышает уровень толерантности к этим классам антибиотиков. Приведены данные наблюдательного исследования по оценке эффективности и безопасности нового препарата спектрацеф, действующим веществом которого является цефалоспорин III поколения цефдиторен, при лечении острого бактериального риносинусита в амбулаторной практике.Острый риносинусит занимает лидирующее положение по частоте назначения антибиотиков во всем мире. Одновременно актуальность проблемы антибиотикорезистентности и безопасности применения антибактериальных препаратов приобретает межнациональные масштабы. В статье приведены основные механизмы устойчивости бактерий и развития побочных явлений при применении макролидов, респираторных фторхинолонов и разных классов β-лактамных антибиотиков. Формирование IgE-опосредованной аллергии на цефалоспорины связано с боковой R1 цепью. Строение R1 имеет сходство с пенициллинами только у цефалоспоринов I и II поколений, тем самым создавая условия для развития перекрестной аллергии. У цефалоспоринов III и IV поколений R1 представлена качественно другим химическим соединением (аминотиазол-оксим группой), что повышает уровень толерантности к этим классам антибиотиков. Приведены данные наблюдательного исследования по оценке эффективности и безопасности нового препарата спектрацеф, действующим веществом которого является цефалоспорин III поколения цефдиторен, при лечении острого бактериального риносинусита в амбулаторной практике.

An open, randomized, comparative trial of the drug bioparox was made in 50 patients. Nasal cavity function and its changes in response to bioparox administration were studied with the saccharin test and measurement of ciliary motor activity (CMA) using a special computer program. Significant suppression of the transport function and CMA in all the patients with catarrhal rhinosinusitis was observed. SMA on the inferior turbinated bone and septum was minimal, being low on the middle turbinated bone. After 7 days of bioparox administration mean value of CMA rose 2-fold. Thus, it is demonstrated that bioparox inhalations have no negative effect on nasal ciliated epithelium. On the contrary, it enhances its recovery.

The idea of ‘EPECUR’ was inspired by the recent splash of the activity around the pentaquark matters. The goal of the experiment is the search for narrow resonant states in the reactions π−p → π−p and π−p → K0Λ based on the very precise cross section measurements in fine energy steps of 0.5 MeV in terms of the invariant mass. As a valuable byproduct of the second stage of the experiment, Λ‐polarization in π−p → K0Λ can be measured, based on the well‐known weak Λ‐decay asymmetry. The expected statistical significance of the measurement overrides the best existing data from ‘NIMROD’ detector by an order of magnitude. The experimental setup is under construction at the ITEP proton synchrotron in collaboration with PNPI and ACU.

The article describes design characteristics of a new adenotome model for surgery under anesthesia. The results of adenotomy under anesthesia were analysed for 53 patients aged 3 to 14 years made with Beckman's adenotome and the new device. Surgical anatomy of the nasopharynx before the intervention, variants of correlations between adenoid vegetations and other anatomic formations are described. Individual adjustment of the size of the adenotome currete by the distance between Eustachian cushins of the nasopharynx is discussed. The new design of adenotome improves visualization of the operative field during the operation and visual control of the course of surgery.

This paper is devoted to the analysis of variability of thermo- and hygrooptical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol particles obtained at artificial moistening and heating of aerosol sample. The tendency of decreasing the parameter of condensation activity during spring has been revealed. The relation between hygro- and thermooptical parameters are considered. The estimates of condensation activity of different aerosol fractions have been performed.

One of the main sources of the information about nuclear resonances are partial wave analyses (PWA) of pion-proton elastic scattering. Nearly all of the data available for PWA were obtained more than 20 years ago with old measurement techniques. The talk presents new high precision data obtained recently by the EPECUR collaboration. The experiment features high statistics and better than 1 MeV resolution in the invariant mass thus allowing searches for narrow resonances with the coupling to the πp channel as low as 5%. The experimental setup consists of a 25 cm long liquid hydrogen target in a non-magnetic spectrometer of wire drift chambers with hexagonal structure. The measurements started in 2009. 3 billions of triggers are already collected with positive and negative pion beams in the beam momentum range 820-1330 MeV/c.

The EPECUR collaboration presents new high precision data on the pion- proton elastic scattering in the second resonance region. The experiment EPECUR is placed on the universal beam channel of the accelerator ITEP. The setup features 0.1% beam pion momentum tagging system, 25 cm long liquid hydrogen target, placed in my- lar container and beryllium outer shell, low material wire drift chambers and high perfor- mance DAQ. More than 3 billions of triggers have been collected. The data cover pion beam momentum range 0.8 - 1.3 GeV/c and 40-120 degrees center-of-mass scattering angle range for both positive and negative pions. The measured differential cross section has 2% statistical accuracy in 2 degrees angle and 5 MeV/c momentum intervals.

Potentialities of a new design of sinus-catheter YMIK-3 are considered in the treatment of 68 patients with acute sinusitis. Essential details of the procedure are described. A mechanism of action of controlled pressure on nasal mucosa edema is specified. The use of YMIK-3 catheter has the advantage of reduced duration of the procedure, low traumaticity for patients, wide adjustment range for the patient's size. In the block of the sinus shunt the delayed procedure is recommended.

Sinus catheters (RMNK) create positive and negative pressure in the nasal cavity. With control of this pressure, it is possible to remove abnormal secretion from different paranasal sinuses and to insert diagnostic and therapeutic medicines. Saccharine tests performed prior to and after the catheterization in patients with acute and chronic sinusitis confirmed inhibition of transport function of nasal ciliated epithelium (TF) in these affections. Intermittent pressure, insertion of drugs into the nasal cavity and paranasal sinusitis suppress TF significantly in chronic but insignificantly in acute sinusitis. Within 3 hours after the procedure the pressure recovered.

The authors examined the adaptive variability of pathogens of human and avian tuberculosis, consequently passaged on calves 4 times, that of human and bovine tuberculosis, consequently passaged on chickens 8 times, and Mycobacteria of avian tuberculosis, consequently passaged on guinea-pigs 8 times. Due to consequent passages of Mycobacteria tuberculosis on their uncommon host, they were found to acquire properties species-specific to the animal through whose body they had been passaged.

A trocar of a novel design for maxillary surgery reduces to minimum operative injury of the cheek soft tissue and bone wall of the sinus providing an effective approach to sinus lesions. It enables widening of the sinus anastomosis by means of the diamond drill and forceps under microscope and endoscope control. The design of the instrument allows the surgeon to operate without the assistant's help. The duration of the operation is reduced, postoperative period runs uneventfully, with minimal negative responses of the cheek soft tissue and sublabial wound. Postoperative complications (subcutaneous emphysema and blood accumulation in the sinus) are corrected by irrigation or disappear spontaneously. The experience gained in operations on 180 patients and 248 sinuses provided the efficacy of the trocar in the removal of the polyps, foreign bodies, fungal masses and cysts both in children and adults.

A new modification of sinus-catheter RMNK-5 is proposed enabling simultaneous irrigation of the nasal cavity and evacuation of the discharge from the paranasal sinuses. Details of the technique are provided. A positive effect consisting in attenuation of the inflammation, prolongation of the remission improvement of life quality is illustrated in the analysis of 6 cases.

From the viewpoint of recycling nuclear powered submarines and other naval ships, the following aspects are to be taken into account: large dimensions, availability of thick-walled and high-strength components, materials that lend themselves to cutting by thermal processes with difficulty (stainless steels, titanium), closed spaces, presence of combustible materials, heavily contaminated surfaces, and a very complicated and expensive organization of the overall disassembly work.

Endoscopy with fiber endoscope Olimpus FNL-10 was performed to study the effects of controlled pressure on nasal mucosa. In 15 patients with aggravated chronic purulent sinusitis maxillary mucosa alterations were assessed using sinus-catheter and maxillary microsinusotomy. 12 patients with the same diagnosis underwent nasal mucosa examination with sinus catheter . The experiments with controlled pressure in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses demonstrate that the above pressure causes no damage to the mucosa, though it enhances hyperemia and diminishes edema in the area of osteomeatal complex as a result of changing the pressure (+) and (-).

A new method for the diagnosis and treatment of PNS has been designed. The devices are named sinus-catheters YAMIK and consist of elongated flexible body with two inflatable vessels and three passages. Two of the passages have separate outlets into the vessel cavities and serve for their inflation. The third, working passage, opens on the body surface between the vessels and has an adaptor on the other end. Also a glass model of nasal sinuses has been developed. On the model YAMIK the procedure performs as follows: sinus catheter is inserted into the nasal cavity, the nostril and rhinopharynx are sealed off by inflating the vessels, a syringe is connected to the adaptor of the working passage. It creates controlled negative pressure in the nasal cavity, and this makes pathological secretion come out of the paranasal sinuses through their natural openings. After the evacuation of the pathological contents, medicine is introduced into the sinuses. This glass model is helpful in understanding the principle of YAMIK procedure which provides a good opportunity to evacuate pathological secretion from PNS through natural ostia and introduce medicine into the PNS.

Design and performance are described of a gas discharge track device capable of recording holographically charged particle tracks in the passing laser light. This device is further referred to as a holographic discharge chamber (HDC). The range of operating characteristics of the HDC is not due to the brightness of the discharges on track elements but due to the degree of the registered optical inhomogeneities formed by these discharges in the gas filling the chamber. The sensitivity of the device depends on the working gas properties as well as on the parameter of τ-delay of the laser “reading” pulse being counted from the discharge initiation moment. ±10 ns accuracy of adjusting the value of τ has been obtained. The method of track recording on two in-line holograms, which has been developed by the authors, makes possible both direct processing of holograms with the equipment used at present for measuring track chamber photographs and treatment of such holograms with coherent optics techniques. Holographic images of β-particle tracks in the chamber filled with helium-methane mixtures and with methane have been obtained. Good resolution has been observed for closely spaced (∼1 mm) track elements. Besides, due to the specific nature of the image structure the charged particle tracks in the HDC can be localized more accurately than those in the streamer chamber.

An algorithm has been developed for the calculation of bath process of polymer solution, which permits one to carry out a dynamic calculation of mixing apparatus. It uses contemporary methods of calculating heat- and mass-transfer in the volume of an apparatus. Program realization of this algorithm makes it possible to do the following: Solve problems of dynamic calculating of mixing apparatus under a known mathematical description of the kinetics of polymer solution; and obtain an estimate of the efficiency of apparatus of various constructions. An example of the latter is calculation of the time to attain complete homogenization of the medium in the volume of the apparatus.

1. A physical model of the penetration process of a rod striker in a metallic plate, which takes into account the viscous properties of the materials in the colliding bodies, together with their inertial and plastic properties, is developed. 2. Allowance for viscosity makes it possible to reflect more fully the principal characteristic features of the impact-deformation process on the basis of modern notions concerning the rheologic properties of metals subjected to rapid deformation; this is confirmed experimentally.

The calculated integral scatter characteristics for monodisperse scattering media serve as the basis for determining the ranges of relative sizes of scattering particles within which the shape of the optical scatter characteristics depends uniquely on the refractive index and the absorptivity of these particles. As a result, the ranges of particle sizes where the integral indicatrix becomes most sensitive to variations in absorptivity are found to coincide with the minima of the corresponding scatter coefficient as a function of the diffraction parameter.

1. The ignition of solid explosives by the heat of dry friction during slipping at a constant velocity of the half-space of an inert material along the half-space of an explosive was considered theoretically. 2. Solid explosives were divided into two groups according to the magnitude of specific friction force. The temperature dependence of the friction force was taken into account. 3. The conjugate thermal problem was reduced to a boundary-value problem, for the solution of which the approximate method of the thermal theory of ignition of condensed explosives was used. 4. The solution obtained permits finding the temperature, time, and heat of ignition as a function of the pressure, velocity, friction coefficient, strength of the explosive, melting point, and thermophysical and kinematic parameters. 5. The results obtained can be used for estimating the sensitivity of solid explosives to mechanical loads.