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124. Experimental and Theoretical Approaches to Thin Film Lubrication Problems.

Author

Gladwell, G. M. L., Snidle, R. W., Evans, H. P., Lee-Prudhoe, I., Venner, C. H., Cann, P. M., and Spikes, H.

Abstract

The last fifty years have seen tremendous advances in the field of thin film lubrication. This is particularly true of steady-state Elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) where the accurate measurement of film thickness combined with advanced numerical modelling methods has been very successful. However there are still many challenges to be faced in areas of practical importance for example transient operation, rough surfaces, lubricant failure and two-phase fluids. Such systems present many experimental problems and it is often difficult to obtain detailed measurements of film formation under such conditions. This insight is essential if we are to develop physically realistic models to describe these processes and predict lubrication performance. The aim of this paper is to report on the continued development of experimental methods to study thin film lubrication and to compare the results from this work to current models. The paper will also discuss the limitations of the existing experimental and modeling capabilities and the new challenges to be tackled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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125. Surface Roughness Attenuation in EHL Line and Point Contacts under Conditions of Starved Lubrication.

Author

Gladwell, G. M. L., Snidle, R. W., Evans, H. P., Venner, C. H., and Hooke, C. J.

Abstract

The authors have previously examined the effect of surface roughness in line and point EHL contacts and have shown that it is the ratio of the wavelength to the inlet pressure sweep that determines the degree of roughness attenuation under the contact. Because of this a single curve can be used to determine the attenuation for all contacts. However this work was carried out for fully flooded contacts and many practical contacts operate under conditions of starved lubrication. This paper extends the analysis to this type of conjunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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144. Clinical Impact of Somatic Mosaicism in Cases with Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes.

Author

Liehr, T., Klein, E., Mrasek, K., Kosyakova, N., Guilherme, R.S., Aust, N., Venner, C., Weise, A., and Hamid, A.B.

Subjects
MOSAICISM, GENETIC counseling, HUMAN cytogenetics, CHROMOSOMES, PHENOTYPES
Abstract

Somatic mosaicism is present in slightly more than 50% of small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) carriers. Interestingly, non-acrocentric derived sSMC show mosaicism much more frequently than acrocentric ones. sSMC can be present in different mosaic rates, which may go below 5% of the studied cells. Also cryptic mosaicism can be present and mosaics may be differently expressed in different tissues of the body. Even though in the overwhelming majority of the cases somatic sSMC mosaicism has no direct clinical effect, there are also cases with altered clinical outcomes due to mosaicism. Also clinically important is the fact that a de novo sSMC, even present in mosaic, may be a hint of uniparental disomy (UPD). As it is under discussion to possibly replace standard karyotyping by methods like array-CGH, the impracticality of the latter to detect low-level sSMC mosaics and/or UPD has to be considered as well. Overall, sSMC mosaicism has to be studied carefully in each individual case, as it can be extremely informative and of importance, especially for prenatal genetic counseling. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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