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Purpose:Traumatic cervical spondyloptosis is a rare clinical pathology that often causes complete paralysis. When a patient presents neurologically intact or incomplete paralysis, the management becomes more complicated. Preservation of neural function and restoration of anatomic alignment collectively remain the golden goals of therapy. There are still few reports on this issue, however, the existing literature did not clearly define severity of injuries and the treatment strategy in such cases. On the occasion of reporting one treated traumatic C6-7 spondyloptosis case, we reviewed existing literatures. Material and Methods:The patient was a 48-year-old man who had motorcycle accident and was presented with post-operation for right frontal epidural hematoma in 3 days before admitting to hospital. Neurological assessment showed motor strength grade 3/5 in the proximal upper and lower-extremity muscle groups on the right side, and 1/5 on the left side with incontinence of sphincters. X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a three-column ligamentous injury with complete anterior displacement of C6 to C7 vertebral body. We applied the “Key - Lock” principle for better understanding of the biomechanics of the injury and found out the favorable strategy. The patient underwent posterior approach with decompression and anterior approach with reduction and anterior cervical discectomy fusion for C6-7. Results:After 8 months follow-up, the patient had recovered muscular strength in bilateral upper and lower-extremities muscle groups, sphincter function had fully recovered, and he was able to ambulate by himself. Plain radiograph and CT scan showed good aligment and progressive maturation of his fusion procedure. Conclusion:Traumatic cervical spondyloptosis of C6-7 is a high-energy unstable fracture and rare. This report develops a new principle called “Key and Lock” for more understand the biomechanics of the injury and treatment. Our patient was successfully treated with open reduction, decompression, and anterior cervical discectomy fusion.

Objectives Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a lingering progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes patients to lose cognitive function. The enzyme Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), Monoamine oxidase A (MAO A), Beta-secretase cleavage enzyme (BACE 1) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, inhibiting enzymes is an effective method to treat Alzheimer disease. In this study, we evaluated in silico inhibitory effects of AChE, BuChE, MAO A, BACE 1 and NMDA enzyme of Huperzia squarrosa’s compounds Methods The three-dimensional (3D) of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (PDB ID: 1PBQ), enzyme β-secretase 1 (PDB ID: 4X7I), enzyme monoamine oxidase A (PDB ID: 2Z5X), enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (PDB ID: 4BDS) and enzyme acetylcholinesterase (PDB ID: 1EVE) were retrieved from the Protein Data Bank RCSB. Molecular docking was done by Autodock vina software and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the ligand-protein complex with the least binding energy pose was perfomed by MOE. Lipinski Rule of Five is used to compare compounds with drug-like and non-drug-like properties. Pharmacokinetic parameters of potential compounds were evaluated using the pkCSM tool. Results Based on previous publication of Huperzia squarrosa, we have collected 15 compounds. In these compounds, huperzine B, huperzinine, lycoposerramine U N-oxide, 12-epilycodine N-oxide showed strongly inhibit the five AChE, BuChE, MAO A, BACE 1 and NMDA targets for Alzheimer’s treatment. Lipinski rule of five and ADMET predict have shown that four above compounds have drug-likeness properties, good absorption ability and cross the blood-brain barrier, which have the most potential to become drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s in the future. Furthermore, MD study showed that huperzine B and huperzinine have stability of the docking pose with NMDA target. Conclusions In this study, we found two natural compounds in Huperzia squarrosa including Huperzine B and Huperzinine have drug-likeness properties, good absorption ability and cross the blood-brain barrier, which have potential to become drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s in the future.

This study was conducted to estimate medical wastes generation rates in Viet Nam. Within 3 years (from 2017 to 2019), total medical wastes generated daily of 1,737 health-care facilities at different levels from 19/63 provinces in Viet Nam were surveyed. The calculation was based on the median daily generation (in kg) of 6 medical waste groups and total actual patient beds in 9 health-care facility categories. Six medical waste groups were sharps, non-sharps, high-risk infectious, pathological, non-infectious hazardous, recyclable and non-recyclable wastes. Surveyed health-care facilities were categorized in central general hospitals, central specialist hospitals, provincial general hospitals, provincial specialist hospitals, district health centers, regional clinics, commune health stations, private hospitals and private clinics. The results showed that waste generation rates varied from 0.0009 to 1.619 kg/bed/day depends on type of medical wastes or health-care facilities. For no-patient-bed facilities (commune health stations and private clinics), medical waste generation rates of these two were calculated in kg/day and varied from 0.1 to 1.75 kg/day.

This file has 3 sheets (sheet "24h_temperature" for temperature data, sheet "24h_humidity" for humidity data, and sheet "24h_VPD" forvapor pressure deficit (VPD)). Each sheetis a standardtable with datafor each minute. Times in 24 hours (from 12 noon to 12 noon)arein rowsand replicates(rep) arein the columns. Habitat codes are according to the caption of Fig. 3 in our paper. Numbers in the replicate are temperaturevalues (oC) for the first sheet, humidity values (%) for the second sheet, and VPD values (kPa) for the last sheet. These values were measured from April to October.

Communication technologies are developing very rapidly and achieving many breakthrough results. The advent of 5th generation mobile communication networks, the so-called 5G, has become one of the most exciting and challenging topics in the wireless study area. The power of 5G enables it to connect to hundreds of billions of devices with extreme-high throughput and extreme-low latency. The 5G realizing a true digital society where everything can be connected via the Internet, well known as the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is a technology of technologies where humans, devices, software, solutions, and platforms can connect based on the Internet. The formation of IoT technology leads to the birth of a series of applications and solutions serving humanity, such as smart cities, smart agriculture, smart retail, intelligent transportation systems, and IoT ecosystems. Although IoT is considered a revolution in the evolution of the Internet, it still faces a series of challenges such as saving energy, security, performance, and QoS support. In this study, we provide a vision of the Internet of Things that will be the main force driving the comprehensive digital revolution in the future. The communication technologies in the IoT system are discussed comprehensively and in detail. Furthermore, we also indicated indepth challenges of existing common communication technologies in IoT systems and future research directions of IoT. We hope the results of this work can provide a vital guide for future studies on communication technologies for IoT in 5G.

This is a standard phytocoenological table with trait data for each species. Species are in rows and relevés (plots) are in columns. Habitat codes are according to the caption of Fig. 2 in our manuscript. Numbers in the relevés are percentage cover values.