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DW871 is a Brassica napus dwarf line with unusual and excellent plant type. To study the dwarf-related genes and their expression patterns of DW871. we took B. napus HW871 as control and selected stem tissues at the bolting stage for transcriptome gene expression analysis. Results showed that there were 8665 significant differentially expressed genes between DW871 and HW881. of which 2582 were up-regulated and 6083 down-regulated. The enrichment analysis of GO could be annotated to 22 subcategories in 3 categories. the enrichment analysis of KEGG was annotated to 295 pathways in 31 subcategories in 5 categories. We screened genes closely related to dwarfing traits from significantly different genes, 43 in pectin degradation, 69 in auxin signal transduction, and annotated 22 in the monolignol biosynthesis. It was found that the dwarfing character of DW871 was related to cell elongation, abnormal cell wall formation and cell division, and obstruction of auxin signal transduction. In particular, in monolignol biosynthesis, it is possible to regulate a series of physiological and biochemical processes related to lignin by regulating the expression of enzymes such as PAL and CCR. The differential genes related to dwarfing traits were screened in this research. It could be hypothesized that the dwarfing mechanism of DW871 involving abnormal auxin response and lignin synthesis, which lead to abnormal cell elongation, growth and cell wall changes, and ultimately lead to the dwarfing of DW871. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a hybrid combination was contracted with F1 of Deyou 5, a Brassica napus variety, as female parent and a new line 273R as male parent. In the F2 generation, 6 mutant plants with obvious shorter plant types at seedling stage were selected. After 5 generations of purification, we bred a stable new germplasm, LSW2018. The germplasm shows dwarf marker characters at seedling stage, with shrunken, thicker and darker leaves, shorter petiole. The growth is lightly weak but stable, plant height is significantly shorter than that of the normal variety. From the budding stage to maturity, LSW2018 gradually turned into a normal shape, with shorter internodes and thicker stalks, stronger lodging resistance, and lower branching positions. The flowering habit, branching angle, inflorescence characteristics, primary and secondary branches, grains, and other characteristics of LSW2018 are not significantly different from those of the homologous normal high-stalk line HSW2018, but the plant height and branch height are extremely different. The average transplanting plant height of LSW2018 is 136.24 cm and the direct seeding is 110.4 cm. In short, LSW2018 is considered to be a new short-stem Brassica napus germplasm suitable for mechanized and light-simplified planting, which might have high utilization value and broad application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LSW2018, a Brassica napus germplasm, has typical "dwarf" character at seedling stage, and the plant is short with thick stem and strong lodging resistance. As an ideal dwarf germplasm resource, LSW2018 is especially suitable for mechanized operation and has important utilization value. In order to explore the breeding advantages, and study the inheritance of dwarf character of LSW2018, 119 normal high-stalk Brassica napus cultivars (lines), 12 Brassica rapta cultivars (lines) and 6 Brassica juncea varieties (lines) were selected to construct cross combinations with LSW2018 (P1), and the populations of F1, F2, F3, aBC1 and bBC1 were analyzed. The results indicated that dwarf trait was controlled by a pair of dominant genes, plant height has major gene-polygenic genetic effect, and there is no cytoplasmic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constructing a high‐quality interface with strong coupling interaction is highly desirable in composite photocatalysts for the efficient interfacial charge transfer. Herein, we prepared black phosphorus quantum dots/CdS (BPQDs/CdS) binary composites with tight interfacial contact via a facile electrostatic self‐assembly approach for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution. The optimized H2 evolution rate of 3 wt % BPQDs/CdS can reach up to 9.9 mmol g−1 h−1 in lactic acid aqueous solution, 99 and 5.5 times greater than that of pristine BPQDs and CdS, respectively. Benefiting from the strong interface interaction between CdS and BPQDs in well‐contacted BPQDs/CdS composites, efficient charge separation can be achieved, leading to enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution activity. Notably, the rapid transfer of photogenerated electrons from CdS to BPQDs was unambiguously confirmed by time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND 4‐Nitrophenol, as a representative hazardous contaminant, may pose potential risks to the environment in the process of production, storage, and use. Catalytic hydrogenation reduction offers a promising route to the removal of 4‐nitrophenol by its transformation into the less toxic and biodegradable 4‐aminophenol. In this work, nickel−cobalt bimetal oxide nanostructures were fabricated by the thermal decomposition of metal organic frameworks and cooperatively utilized for the catalytic reduction of 4‐nitrophenol. RESULTS: The as‐fabricated oxide catalysts were characterized and analyzed with several physicochemical measurements, including X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The catalytic reduction of 4‐nitrophenol was conducted in the presence of the as‐prepared oxide nanostructures with varying Ni/Co ratios to evaluate their catalytic activity. The optimal catalyst (Ni–Co–O) delivered the activity parameter of k'app = 12.0 min−1 mg−1, which was higher than either NiO (2.4 min−1 mg−1) or Co3O4 (3.6 min−1 mg−1). Moreover, the induction time of the 4‐nitrophenol reduction was significantly reduced by using the bimetal oxide catalyst. Based on the surface and electrochemistry analyses, the enhancement of catalytic activity for the Ni–Co bimetal oxide nanostructures was discussed. CONCLUSION: The above results indicated that the cooperation of nickel with cobalt into bimetal oxide nanostructures exhibited an enhanced catalytic activity, which not only promoted the conversion rate of 4‐nitrophenol, but also shortened the reduction induction period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu2O, a low‐cost, visible light responsive semiconductor photocatalyst represents an ideal candidate for visible light driven photocatalytic reduction of N2 to NH3 from the viewpoint of thermodynamics, but it remains unexplored. Reported here is the successful synthesis of uniformly sized and ultrafine Cu2O platelets, with a lateral size of <3 nm, by the in situ topotactic reduction of a CuII‐containing layered double hydroxide with ascorbic acid. The supported ultrafine Cu2O offered excellent performance and stability for the visible light driven photocatalytic reduction of N2 to NH3 (the Cu2O‐mass‐normalized rate as high as 4.10 mmol gCu2O−1 h−1 at λ>400 nm), with the origin of the high activity being long‐lived photoexcited electrons in trap states, an abundance of exposed active sites, and the underlying support structure. This work guides the future design of ultrafine catalysts for NH3 synthesis and other applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]