Search

Your search keyword '"Whitehead J"' showing total 3,150 results
Start Over Author "Whitehead J"
3,150 results on '"Whitehead J"'

120. Letters to the Editor

Author

Brown, Theo, Pratt, S. R. S., Bonser, W., and Whitehead, J. G. O.

Published
1963

125. TO AND FROM OUR READERS

Author

SANCHEZ, ARNOLD, Lee, Algernon, Danielson, J. A., Burr, Clinton S., Solemnick, Israel J., Whitehead, J. M., Hay, Thomas Robson, and Leitner, Karel

Published
1928
Full Text
View/download PDF

149. Examining the impact of car-sharing on private vehicle ownership

Author

Zhou, F, Zheng, Z, Whitehead, J, Perrons, RK, Washington, S, and Page, L

Subjects
Logistics & Transportation, 1205 Urban and Regional Planning, 1507 Transportation and Freight Services
Abstract

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd Car-sharing has experienced a significant boom in recent years, with estimates suggesting that car-sharing programs are now operating in over 30 countries worldwide, serving around five million users. The potential to reduce individual vehicle ownership rates is frequently cited as a motive for promoting car-sharing. While some previous studies have argued that customers are indeed willing to reduce the total number of vehicles owned after becoming car-sharing members, the reliability of these findings is tenuous given that many are based on self-selected samples of car-sharing users, resulting in biased estimates. In theory, the availability of car-sharing programs could have limited effect on the general public's car ownership decisions–or at least have no effect on a large portion of travelers. Whether or not traveler decision processes are significantly influenced by specific attributes of different car-sharing options (e.g., access time, vehicle size, fuel type, etc.) remains an unanswered question, as there are limited quantitative studies on this issue. To contribute to filling this research gap, this paper discusses the findings of a study of 1,500 private households across major Australian cities. A nested logit model is used to investigate the impacts of car-sharing on respondents’ household vehicle ownership decisions. In contrast to the results of some previous studies, we find that the stated availability of car-sharing appears to have minimal impact on respondents’ decision to own a vehicle or not, leading to important policy implications. We agree with prior investigations that car-sharing could potentially reduce private car ownership. However, because this study finds limited impact of the availability of car-sharing on vehicle ownership, and because the majority of respondents did not self-identify as car-sharing users, education and awareness campaigns could be important factors in improving the general public's preferences towards car-sharing and fully realizing car-sharing's benefits to society.

Published
2020

150. Mycophenolate Mofetil Versus Cyclophosphamide for Remission Induction in Childhood Polyarteritis Nodosa:An Open-Label, Randomized, Bayesian Noninferiority Trial

Author

Brogan, P.A., Arch, B., Hickey, H., Anton, J., Iglesias, E., Baildam, E., Mahmood, K., Cleary, G., Moraitis, E., Papadopoulou, C., Beresford, M.W., Riley, P., Demir, S., Ozen, S., Culeddu, G., Hughes, D.A., Dolezalova, P., Hampson, L., Whitehead, J., Jayne, D., Ruperto, N., Tudur-Smith, C., Eleftheriou, D., Brogan, P.A., Arch, B., Hickey, H., Anton, J., Iglesias, E., Baildam, E., Mahmood, K., Cleary, G., Moraitis, E., Papadopoulou, C., Beresford, M.W., Riley, P., Demir, S., Ozen, S., Culeddu, G., Hughes, D.A., Dolezalova, P., Hampson, L., Whitehead, J., Jayne, D., Ruperto, N., Tudur-Smith, C., and Eleftheriou, D.

Abstract

Objective: Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is used in clinical practice off-label for the induction of remission in childhood polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) might offer a less toxic alternative. This study was undertaken to explore the relative effectiveness of CYC and MMF treatment in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods: This was an international, open-label, Bayesian RCT to investigate the relative effectiveness of CYC and MMF for remission induction in childhood PAN. Eleven patients with newly diagnosed childhood PAN were randomized (1:1) to receive MMF or intravenous CYC; all patients received the same glucocorticoid regimen. The primary end point was remission within 6 months while compliant with glucocorticoid taper. Bayesian distributions for remission rates were established a priori for MMF and CYC by experienced clinicians and updated to posterior distributions on trial completion. Results: Baseline disease activity and features were similar between the 2 treatment groups. The primary end point was met in 4 of 6 patients (67%) in the MMF group and 4 of 5 patients (80%) in the CYC group. Time to remission was shorter in the MMF group compared to the CYC group (median 7.1 weeks versus 17.6 weeks). No relapses occurred in either group within 18 months. Two serious infections were found to be likely linked to MMF treatment. Physical and psychosocial quality-of-life scores were superior in the MMF group compared to the CYC group at 6 months and 18 months. Combining the prior expert opinion with results from the present study provided posterior estimates of remission of 71% for MMF (90% credibility interval [90% CrI] 51, 83) and 75% for CYC (90% CrI 57, 86). Conclusion: The present results, taken together with prior opinion, indicate that rates of remission induction in childhood PAN are similar with MMF treatment and CYC treatment, and MMF treatment might be associated with better health-related quality of life than CYC treatment.

Published
2021

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results