Search

The passenger transportation, as an important index to describe the scale of aviation passenger transport, prediction and research, can let us understand the future trend of the aviation passenger transport, according to it, the airline can make corresponding marketing strategy adjustment. Combining with the knowledge of time series let us understand the characteristics of passenger transportation change, the R software is used to fit the data, so as to establish the ARIMA(1,1,8) model to describe the civil aviation passenger transport developing trend in the future and to make reasonable predictions.

The NiO/TiO2 composite films with the NiO content of 3 %, 5 %, 10 %, 13 %, 15 % and 20 % were prepared by mechanical coating technology and subsequent oxidation process. The composition and microstructure of the films were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic activity was evaluated and the effects of the content of NiO on microstructure and photocatalytic activity of the films were studied. The results show that NiO particles are dispersed in the Ti coatings, and the NiO concentration in the inner layer of the coatings is higher than in the outer layer. With the addition of NiO in the NiO/Ti coating, the ductility is deteriorated and the thickness is reduced of the NiO/Ti coatings. The films with NiO/TiO2/Ti composite microstructure are obtained by the oxidation of NiO/Ti coatings. Photocatalytic efficiency of the films is obviously enhanced with the help of the p-n junction heterostructure in the NiO/TiO2 films. The optimum content of NiO is about 13 %, and the degradation rate of methyl orange solution reaches the maximum value of 88.44 %. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.24.4.19266

Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) has been identified as an anti‑angiogenic cytokine. However, the effects of VEGI174 protein, and its functional domain peptides V7 and V8, on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unknown. In the present study, the protein and peptides were biosynthesised as experimental agents. The A498 and 786‑O RCC cell lines, and an established mouse xenograft model, were separately treated with VEGI174, V7 or V8. Cellular functions, including proliferation, migration and invasion, were subsequently detected. Cell migration and invasion were monitored using the xCELLigence system. Furthermore, tumour growth and mouse behaviours, including mobility, appetite and body weight, were assessed. The results demonstrated that VEGI174, V7 and V8 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of A498 and 786‑O cell lines when administered at concentrations of 1 and 100 pM, 10 nM and 1 µM. The inhibitory effects exhibited dose‑ and time‑dependent antitumour activity. Furthermore, VEGI174, V7 and V8 inhibited tumour growth in A498 and 786‑O xenograft mice. In the A498 xenografts, the tumour growth inhibition (TGI) rates in the VEGI174‑, V7‑ and V8‑treated groups were 71, 20 and 31%, respectively. In the 786‑O xenografts, the TGI rates in the VEGI174‑, V7‑ and V8‑treated groups were 34, 26 and 31%, respectively. There was no significant loss in body weight and no cases of mortality were observed for all treated mice. In conclusion, VEGI174, V7 and V8 exhibited potential antitumour effects and were well tolerated in vivo. V7 and V8, as functional domain peptides of the VEGI174 protein, may be studied for the future treatment of RCC.

In this paper, an efficient registration algorithm for InSAR large scale image via discrete Fourier transform (DFT) model of the maximum correlation and image quadtree segmentation is proposed. In the scheme, a DFT-based sub-pixel registration model of InSAR complex images is constructed. Then, efficient sub-pixel registration for InSAR large-scale image is achieved by joint quadtree segmentation and DFT-based interpolation registration. Simulation and experimental results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that the algorithm not only can achieve sub-pixel registration of InSAR large-scale image, but also has higher computational efficiency compared with the traditional maximum correlation registration method.

Alkanes, the main constituents of petroleum, are attractive feedstocks for producing value-added chemicals. Linear aldehydes and amines are two of the most important building blocks in the chemical industry. To date, there have been no effective methods for directly converting n-alkanes to linear aldehydes and linear amines. Here, we report a molecular dual-catalyst system for production of linear aldehydes via regioselective carbonylation of n-alkanes. The system is comprised of a pincer iridium catalyst for transfer-dehydrogenation of the alkane using t-butylethylene or ethylene as a hydrogen acceptor working sequentially with a rhodium catalyst for olefin isomerization-hydroformylation with syngas. The system exhibits high regioselectivity for linear aldehydes and gives high catalytic turnover numbers when using ethylene as the acceptor. In addition, the direct conversion of light alkanes, n-pentane and n-hexane, to siloxy-terminated alkyl aldehydes through a sequence of Ir/Fe-catalyzed alkane silylation and Ir/Rh-catalyzed alkane carbonylation, is described. Finally, the Ir/Rh dual-catalyst strategy has been successfully applied to regioselective alkane aminomethylation to form linear alkyl amines.

SAR deception jamming method is one of the most important jamming techniques by overlapping a group of fake targets into the SAR images, which can greatly reduce the accuracy of the SAR image interpretation. On the other hands, as a kind of active remote sensing technique, SAR system has less diffuse scattering, and the shadow characteristic is more significant than the optic system. In this paper, the shadow characteristics of the true and false targets are discussed via the simulation experiment, and the convolutional neural network(CNN) is applied for SAR deception jamming target recognition based on the shadow feature. Numerical experiments have shown that the CNN method can effectively distinguish the true and false targets correctly through the shadow feature.

Characteristics and problem of building automation system (BAS) existed in the practical engineering application are analyzed, and then the development of BAS is discussed from the perspective of network structure and supplied function service. Aiming at the space distribution feature, this paper presents the network architecture of Ubi-bus fieldbus, and then essential feature, operation mechanism and standardized information model are introduced respectively. Software and hardware are designed and developed in the control platform of variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning system. Based on the network architecture of Ubi-bus, it is potential for the solution of BAS integration in the practice application.

Two major loci with functional candidate genes were identified and validated affecting flag leaf size, which offer desirable genes to improve leaf architecture and photosynthetic capacity in rice. Leaf size is a major determinant of plant architecture and yield potential in crops. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating leaf size remain largely elusive. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for flag leaf length and flag leaf width in rice were detected with high-density single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping of a chromosomal segment substitution line (CSSL) population, in which each line carries one or a few chromosomal segments from the japonica cultivar Nipponbare in a common background of the indica variety Zhenshan 97. In total, 14 QTLs for flag leaf length and nine QTLs for flag leaf width were identified in the CSSL population. Among them, qFW4-2 for flag leaf width was mapped to a 37-kb interval, with the most likely candidate gene being the previously characterized NAL1. Another major QTL for both flag leaf width and length was delimited by substitution mapping to a small region of 13.5 kb that contains a single gene, Ghd7.1. Mutants of Ghd7.1 generated using CRISPR/CAS9 approach showed reduced leaf size. Allelic variation analyses also validated Ghd7.1 as a functional candidate gene for leaf size, photosynthetic capacity and other yield-related traits. These results provide useful genetic information for the improvement of leaf size and yield in rice breeding programs.

Trichome formation has been extensively studied as a mechanistic model for epidermal cell differentiation and cell morphogenesis in plants. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying trichome formation (i.e., initiation and elongation) in rice remain largely unclear. Here, we report an AP2/ERF transcription factor, Hairy Leaf 6 (HL6), which controls trichome formation in rice. Functional analyses revealed that HL6 transcriptionally regulates trichome elongation in rice, which is dependent on functional OsWOX3B, a homeodomain-containing protein that acts as a key regulator in trichome initiation. Biochemical and molecular genetic analyses demonstrated that HL6 physically interacts with OsWOX3B, and both of them regulate the expression of some auxin-related genes during trichome formation, in which OsWOX3B likely enhances the binding ability of HL6 with one of its direct target gene, OsYUCCA5. Population genetic analysis indicated that HL6 was under negative selection during rice domestication. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the molecular regulatory network of trichome formation in rice.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, identified as an anti-angiogenic cytokine. However, the effect of VEGI on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still unknown. Materials and Methods: In this study, protein VEGI174 was designed and synthesized. Renal cell carcinoma A498 cells were implanted into immune-deficient mice to establish tumor models. Two groups were included: control group treated with saline, and VEGI174-treated group. Data of tumor growth were collected every 3 to 4 days. Two weeks later, the tumor specimens were harvested for immunohistochemical staining of EMT markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin). Results: Compared to the saline-treated group, the VEGI174-treated group showed significant inhibition of tumor growth (p

Due to the spectrum of a moving target being almost submerged in ground clutter, it is difficult for high-speed platform synthetic aperture radar to indicate a slowly moving target by traditional methods. To solve this problem, a detection and azimuth velocity estimation method is proposed based on along-track dual-beam synthetic aperture radar mode. Back projection is adopted to focus the forward- and backward-looking-beam images due to abilities such as automatic coregistration and geometric correction. The positions of the moving target in the two images are deduced, and we show that there is an azimuth location offset for the moving target in the forward-and-backward-looking images proportional to its azimuth velocity, which can be used to detect the moving target and estimate its azimuth velocity. Furthermore, a refocusing method is proposed to obtain a more accurate estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can detect slowly moving targets, especially those only with an azimuth velocity, which is difficult for many existing methods. In addition, the accuracy of azimuth velocity estimation can reach 0.01 m / s when the signal-to-clutter ratio is greater than 5 dB under simulation conditions.

An innovative interferometry configuration, imaging and digital elevation mode (DEM) generation method via bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar (BiFLInSAR) is addressed in this paper. The analytical relationship expressions between the interferometric phase and the topographic height are derived. In addition, for the space-variant features of BiFLSAR resolution and interferogram, an imaging method for BiFLInSAR focusing and DEM generation based on predicted back-projection algorithm is presented. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of BiFLInSAR configuration and the presented method.

Simulations of production by forming and welding, and crash testing of an aluminum crash management system have been carried out. A numerical tool/interface is also developed for modeling, simulating and evaluating the material flow, the design concepts and fabrication processes continually, accurately and fast. In the present paper, the fabrication processes of the Audi A1 crash management system are studied. The system consists of a stretch-bent extruded beam, a towing nut, two extruded crash tubes and two plates that are welded together. In order to perform analyses efficiently, this study employed a common set of solid elements for modeling the forming, welding and crash processes. The forming simulation has been performed in IMPETUS Afea Solver. The solid elements have been transferred flexible from coarse single order elements into the fine higher order elements in different stages of the design. In this way, it is possible to quickly capture the key concepts of the tool design, and to ensure that the details of the product and the requirements of the tooling can be correctly predicted. The welding simulation has been performed in Weldsim. It combines a thermal, a mechanical and a metallurgical model. The thermal history, the welding deformations, the hardness and the microstructure distribution, the residual stresses and the distortions in the system are evaluated after a welding simulation. Through the welding simulation, the effect of the welding fixtures and the welding heat input can be assessed. Result fields from the welding simulation include the yield stress varying through the heat affected zones. This result field is imported to and applied in the crash simulation. Crash simulation is carried out with the information of changes in material performance caused by the welding heat. Through a crash simulation the ability of the system to perform correct deformation and fracture modes is verified.

In this paper, an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique based on spaceborne-airborne bistatic SAR interferometry (SA-BiInSAR) is presented, in which the transmitter and receivers are mounted on the spacecraft and aircraft respectively. Due to the separated transmitter and receivers, and also the common non-ideal trajectory of the airborne received platform, the conventional frequency-domain SAR imaging approaches, such as range-doppler algorithm and chirp scaling algorithm, are very difficult for SA-BiInSAR imaging processing directly. To obtain high-quality of SA-BiInSAR image formation and interferogram, in this paper a back-projection algorithm, based on time-domain coherent integration of target signals, is developed for SA-BiInSAR imaging and phase extraction in the case of non-ideal trajectory. In this scheme, the echoes of SA-BiInSAR master and slave channels are projected into the same imaging space, and the interferometric phase of SA-BiInSAR is derived utilizing the principle of BP algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate the performances of SA-BiInSAR, and verify the effectiveness of the presented BP algorithm for SA-BiInSAR image formation and phase extraction in the case of non-ideal trajectory.

To develop a high toxic recombinant Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedroviruse (SpltMNPV) insecticide.We constructed a recombinant transfer vector that was characterized by disrupting of ecdysterioid UDP-glucosyltransferase (egt) gene and expressing the mature peptide of the Chinese scorpion, B. martensi Karsch (BmK ITal) gene at the control of ie-1 promoter. The transfer vector and the SpltMNPV II DNA cotransfected the SpLi cells. Recombinant viruses were purified by the end point dilution and fluorescent spot purification.We successfully screened the recombinant SpltMNPV-deltaegt-Pph-egfp-ie-1-BmK ITal of which the egt gene was knocked out and expressed the mature peptide of the BmK ITal gene at the control of ie-1 promoter. Bioassays showed that, compared to the wide-type SpltMNPV, the speed of the recombinant virus killing the S. litura (LT50) increased by 0.7-0.8 days.The insecticidal effect of SpltNPV could be increased by inserting the foreign gene, which provided a further opportunity to develop the SpltNPV into commercially viable products to control the S. litura.

SpltNPV-C3 is a novel nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) screened from 189 wild Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) clones collected throughout Japan and has high potential insecticidal activity against S. litura . In this study, we constructed two recombinant SpltNPVs, SpltNPV-Δ egt and SpltNPV-Δ egt-BmK , which were characterized by the disruption of the UDP-glucosyltransferase gene ( egt ) only and by replacing the egt locus with the Buthus martensi insect-specific toxin gene ( BmK ITa 1), respectively. The insecticidal activity of these two recombinant viruses was evaluated by 50% lethal time (LT 50 ) and 50% lethal concentration (LC 50 ) using third instar S. litura larvae. Bioassays showed that the LT 50 of SpltNPV-Δ egt was reduced by 25% at a dose of 10 9 Occlusion bodies (OBs)/ml compared to the wild-type SpltNPV. However, the LC 50 values did not change. The SpltNPV-Δ egt-BmK reduced LT 50 by 28% at the highest dose of OBs (10 9 OBs/ml) compared to the wild-type SpltNPV, and the LC 50 was nearly an order of magnitude lower than those of the wild-type SpltNPV and SpltNPV-Δ egt . However, there was no discernable difference in the LT 50 between SpltNPV-Δ egt-BmK and SpltNPV-Δ egt when the 3rd instars of S. litura were fed a dose of 10 8 or 10 9 OBs/ml. The results suggest that these two recombinant forms of SpltNPV provide further opportunities to develop these viruses into commercially viable products to control S. litura populations.