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본 연구는 단기청소년쉼터 종사자의 사례관리 실천경험의 실체적 의미를 밝히기 위해, 경기도지역 단기청소년쉼터 종사자 9명을 참여자로 선정하여 질적연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과 ‘사례관리 개념 이해: 이론적 이해, 실천적 이해’, ‘사례관리 실무습득: 이론학습 및 매뉴얼 숙지, 도제식 또는 단계적 습득’, ‘사례관리 실천과정: 관계형성, 사정 및 계획, 실행, 종결 및 평가, 사후관리, ‘사례관리 성공요 인: 명확한 욕구와 클라이언트의 주도성, 클라이언트의 전인적 회복에 초점을 둔 통합적 지원, 일상 을 지지하고 기댈 곳이 되어줌, 강점관점에 기반한 클라이언트 중심의 개입’, ‘사례관리 실패요인: 표면적 욕구에 초점을 둔, 사례관리자 주도의 미숙하고 성급한 개입, 문제에 초점을 둔, 서비스 제공 중심의 개입’, ‘사례관리 어려움과 소진요인: 단기의 한계, 개입효과에 대한 의문과 관점의 혼란 행정 업무의 비효율성. 평가지표의 비현실성, 생활시설의 과도한 업무스트레스, 높은 이직률 문제’등 하위 범주 21개, 범주 6개로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 여성가족부의 청소년쉼터 사업 및 방향성 설정 등에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Background: Infracardiac obstructive total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) has a poor outcome following surgical correction. We compared the surgical outcomes of obstructive TAPVR between non-infracardiac and infracardiac types. Methods: Among 51 patients who underwent surgical repair for obstructive TAPVR, 23 with infracardiac type and 28 with non-infracardiac type were included in this investigation. The study compared the immediate postoperative courses in the intensive care unit and long-term mortality and pulmonary vein stenosis. The risk factors for long-term survival in obstructive TAPVR also were investigated. Results: The postoperative follow-up period was 79.8 ± 81.5 months. Immediate major operative complications were observed in 22 patients (43.1%); 10 patients (19.6%) died, and eight patients (15.7%) experienced pulmonary vein stenosis during the follow-up period. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed better cumulative survival in patients with infracardiac TAPVR (P = 0.308). The significant factors for survival after surgical repair of obstructive TAPVR did not include anatomical type but instead were postoperative course of ventilator care and lengths of intensive care unit and hospital stays. Conclusion: Patients with non-infracardiac TAPVR with obstruction had a longer postoperative course and experienced more complications. Their survival rate was poorer, and postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis was more frequent in those patients compared with infracardiac TAPVR patients. However, a large-scale study is mandatory to gather more data and confirm our findings.

Purpose Retailers are continuously seeking to improve upon the in-store shopping experience for their customers. The present research aims to examine consumers’ responses to one such initiative – the shopper solution – that, despite its growing marketplace prominence, remains largely unexamined in academic literature. Design/methodology/approach Two studies employed a 2(shopper solution: present vs. absent) between-subjects design. MANOVA and regression analyses were used to test hypothesized relationships. Findings Findings across two studies reveal that the presence (vs absence) of solutions positively influenced shoppers’ perceptions of shopping convenience, as well as their purchase intentions. These favorable effects also extended to the provider in higher word-of-mouth and loyalty intentions. Shopping convenience was identified as the mechanism underlying the impact of solutions, while “smart shopper” self-perceptions were shown to moderate these mediating effects. Practical implications Shopper solutions represent a low-cost, in-store marketing tactic that enhances shopping convenience. They are easy to implement, result in little to no overhead costs and can benefit both shoppers and retailers. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research represents the first academic examination of the impact of shopper solutions. The authors identify key mediating and moderating influences of the effects of solutions.

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 증거기반교수를 활용한 수감각 프로그램이 수학학습장애 위험군 아동의 기본연산 능력에 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다. 연구방법: 7세 아동 4명이 참여하였으나, 국가재난상황 및 질병을 이유로 2명이 탈락되어 최종 2명을 대상으로 연구가 진행되었다. 연구는 대상자간 중다간헐기초선 설계(multiple intermittent baseline design)를 적용하여 실시하였다. 증거기반교수를 활용한 수감각 프로그램의 주요 교수 내용은 수의 합성과 분해 활동으로 이루어졌고, 교수 방법으로는 CSA와 직접교수 등을 활용하였다. 연구결과: 증거기반교수를 활용한 수감각 프로그램은 대상 아동 모두에게 수감각 유창성과 기본 연산 능력에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 결론: 본 연구 결과가 현장에 주는 시사점, 연구 결과의 제한 및 추후 연구에 관한 제언이 논의되었다.

Intestinal perforation (IP) in preterm infants is a life-threatening condition that may result in serious complications and increased mortality. Early Prediction of IP in infants is important, but challenging due to its multifactorial and complex nature of the disease. Thus, there are no reliable tools to predict IP in infants. In this study, we developed new machine learning (ML) models for predicting IP in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and compared their performance to that of classic ML methods. We developed artificial neural networks (ANNs) using VLBW infant data from a nationwide cohort and prospective web-based registry. The new ANN models, which outperformed all other classic ML methods, showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.8832 for predicting IP associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC-IP) and 0.8797 for spontaneous IP (SIP). We tested these algorithms using patient data from our institution, which were not included in the training dataset, and obtained an AUROC of 1.0000 for NEC-IP and 0.9364 for SIP. NEC-IP and SIP in VLBW infants can be predicted at an excellent performance level with these newly developed ML models. https://github.com/kdhRick2222/Early-Prediction-of-Intestinal-Perforation-in-Preterm-Infants.

While thyroid disturbances during perinatal and postnatal periods in preterm infants with congenital hypothyroidism reportedly disrupt neuronal development, no study has considered the effect of thyroid disturbances in premature infants with subclinical hypothyroidism with elevations of thyroid stimulating hormone. We aimed to identify altered fiber integrity from the thalamus to cortices in preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism. All preterm infants born were categorized according to thyroid stimulating hormone levels through serial thyroid function tests (36 preterm controls and 29 preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism). Diffusion tensor images were acquired to determine differences in thalamocortical fiber lengths between the groups, and cerebral asymmetries were investigated to observe neurodevelopmental changes. Thalamocortical fiber lengths in the subclinical hypothyroidism group were significantly reduced in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus, heschl’s gyrus, lingual gyrus, and calcarine cortex (all p p = 0.012), and that of the cuneus areas showed significant decreases in the subclinical hypothyroidism group (p = 0.035). These findings could reflect altered neurodevelopment, which could help treatment plans using biomarkers for subclinical hypothyroidism.

Background Only few studies have investigated the role of probiotics in the development of obesity. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of an intake of Lactobacillus plantarum K50 (LPK) on body fat and lipid profiles in people with obesity. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial involved 81 adults with a body mass index of 25–30 kg/m2 who were assigned randomly to a diet including 4 × 109 colony-forming unit of LPK or a placebo. Changes in body fat, anthropometric parameters, and biomarkers of obesity were compared using a linear mixed-effect model. Results After 12 weeks of treatment, body weight, fat mass, and abdominal fat area did not change significantly in the two groups. However, total cholesterol levels decreased from 209.4 ± 34.4 mg/dL to 203.5 ± 30.9 mg/dL in the LPK group, but increased from 194.7 ± 37.5 mg/dL to 199.9 ± 30.7 mg/dL in the placebo group (P = 0.037). Similarly, triglyceride levels decreased from 135.4 ± 115.8 mg/dL to 114.5 ± 65.9 mg/dL in the LPK group, with a significant difference between groups. LPK supplementation also tended to decrease leptin levels compared with placebo. It also changed the distribution of gut microbiota significantly, with an increase in L. plantarum and a decrease in Actinobacteria, both of whose changes in abundance were correlated with changes in visceral adiposity, with borderline significance. Conclusion A 12-week consumption of LPK reduced the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly with favorable alterations in microbiota, suggesting potential benefits for controlling blood lipid profiles.

Despite the many comorbidities and the high mortality rate in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), therapeutic strategies vary depending on the clinical setting, and most studies of the related risk factors have been based on small sample populations. The goal was to compare the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) analysis with that of conventional analysis for identifying the risk factors associated with symptomatic PDA (sPDA) in very low birth weight infants.This nationwide prospective cohort study included 8,369 infants. The participants were divided into an sPDA group and a nonPDA group, and The sPDA group was further divided into treated and untreated subgroups. A total of 47 perinatal risk factors were collected and analyzed. Multiple logistic regression as a standard analytic tool, five AI algorithms were used to identify the factors associated with sPDA. The combination of a large database of risk factors from nationwide registries and AI techniques achieved higher accuracy and better performance on the PDA prediction tasks, and the ensemble methods showed the best performances.

Despite the many comorbidities and high mortality rate in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), therapeutic strategies vary depending on the clinical setting, and most studies of the related risk factors are based on small sample populations. We aimed to compare the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) analysis with that of conventional analysis to identify risk factors associated with symptomatic PDA (sPDA) in very low birth weight infants. This nationwide cohort study included 8369 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. The participants were divided into an sPDA group and an asymptomatic PDA or spontaneously close PDA (nPDA) group. The sPDA group was further divided into treated and untreated subgroups. A total of 47 perinatal risk factors were collected and analyzed. Multiple logistic regression was used as a standard analytic tool, and five AI algorithms were used to identify the factors associated with sPDA. Combining a large database of risk factors from nationwide registries and AI techniques achieved higher accuracy and better performance of the PDA prediction tasks, and the ensemble methods showed the best performances.

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease in preterm infants with significant morbidities, including neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). This study aimed to investigate whether NEC is associated with (1) brain volume expansion and white matter maturation using diffusion tensor imaging analysis and (2) NDI compared with preterm infants without NEC. Methods We included 86 preterm infants (20 with NEC and 66 without NEC) with no evidence of brain abnormalities on trans-fontanelle ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age (TEA). Regional brain volume analysis and white matter tractography were performed to study brain microstructure alterations. NDI was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III (BSID-III) at 18 months of corrected age (CA). Results Preterm infants with NEC showed significantly high risk of motor impairment (odds ratio 58.26, 95% confidence interval 7.80–435.12, p p = 0.001) and the left corticospinal tract (p = 0.001) in preterm infants with NEC. The sCC with increased MD showed a negative association with the BSID-III language (p = 0.025) and motor scores (p = 0.002) at 18 months of CA, implying the relevance of sCC integrity with later NDI. Conclusion The white matter microstructure differed between preterm infants with and without NEC. The prognostic value of network parameters of sCC at TEA may provide better information for the early detection of NDI in preterm infants.

Little research has explicitly considered the influence of retailer-provided sustainability disclosure at points of purchase for brands within specific product categories. Thus, this paper examines the conditions wherein sustainability labels with scale ratings assist consumers in determining the sustainability performance of products. Study 1 findings demonstrate that, when concerned with social desirability, consumers' product evaluations are greater for products with high (vs. low) sustainability levels. When not concerned with social desirability, this pattern exists so long as the levels are consistent with category-based expectations. Extending these findings, Study 2 results show that evaluations and purchase-related outcomes are greater for products with high levels within (vs. outside) expectations for low-efficacy consumers not concerned with social desirability. Yet, these effects are mitigated for low-efficacy consumers concerned with social desirability. Further, Study 3 suggests that the effect is attenuated for low-efficacy consumers at low levels and for high-efficacy consumers irrespective of sustainability level.

The current study adopts service dominant logic to examine how consumers react to social platforms that communicate corporate sustainability efforts. The results suggest a positive connection betwe...

This study aimed to identify age-specific characteristics of respiratory viral infections. Hospitalized patients with confirmed viral respiratory infections were included in the sample. The patients were divided into the pediatric group (