Search

The practical application of high-capacity Li-rich cathode materials is hindered by capacity fading and voltage decay. The capacity fading and voltage decay could be effectively overcome by using water-soluble guar gum (GG) binder instead of traditional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). However, the specific role of the GG binder is not clear yet, though the GG binder can significantly improve the electrochemical performance of Li-rich cathode. To understand the effect of GG binder on the morphology, microstructure of electrode and electrode/electrolyte interfaces, ex-situ scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray adsorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES), in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied to comparatively study the charge-discharge processes of Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode when using GG and PVDF as binders. The results indicate that the GG binder can prevent electrode crack and active material loss, ascribing to the strong mechanical adhesion of GG binder with active material particles and current collector. It has found that the GG binder can also induce the formation of a uniform layer on Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 particles’ surface. As a consequence, both the electrolyte decomposition and the electrode corrosion were significantly inhibited. The strong chelation between Mn2+ and polar OH group restrain Mn ion dissolution, which contributes to surface structural transformation mitigation. The present study reveals the role of water-soluble GG binder in reducing capacity fading and voltage decay of Li-rich material and is of great importance in design functional binders for high-performance Li-rich electrodes.

Characterizing the epoch of reionization (EoR) at z 6 via the redshifted 21 cm line of neutral Hydrogen (H i) is critical to modern astrophysics and cosmology, and thus a key science goal of many current and planned low-frequency radio telescopes. The primary challenge to detecting this signal is the overwhelmingly bright foreground emission at these frequencies, placing stringent requirements on the knowledge of the instruments and inaccuracies in analyses. Results from these experiments have largely been limited not by thermal sensitivity but by systematics, particularly caused by the inability to calibrate the instrument to high accuracy. The interferometric bispectrum phase is immune to antenna-based calibration and errors therein, and presents an independent alternative to detect the EoR H i fluctuations while largely avoiding calibration systematics. Here, we provide a demonstration of this technique on a subset of data from the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) to place approximate constraints on the brightness temperature of the intergalactic medium (IGM). From this limited data, at z=7.7 we infer "1σ"upper limits on the IGM brightness temperature to be ≤ 316 "pseudo"mK at κ =0.33 "pseudo"h Mpc-1 (data-limited) and ≤ 1000 "pseudo"mK at κ =0.875 "pseudo"h Mpc-1 (noise-limited). The "pseudo"units denote only an approximate and not an exact correspondence to the actual distance scales and brightness temperatures. By propagating models in parallel to the data analysis, we confirm that the dynamic range required to separate the cosmic H i signal from the foregrounds is similar to that in standard approaches, and the power spectrum of the bispectrum phase is still data-limited (at 106 dynamic range) indicating scope for further improvement in sensitivity as the array build-out continues.

It is crucial to suppress lithium dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries. Formation of a good solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) has been considered to be effective in limiting lithium dendrite growth. However, how the SEI may be modified during lithium deposition is hard to resolve due to challenges in in situ investigation of the SEI with fine details. We report an in situ study that uncovers the lithium dendrite suppression mechanism arising from SEI modification by a poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) cationic polymer film, using electrochemical liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lithium nanogranules are obtained in the presence of the polymer film. Chemical mapping of the deposits provides remarkable details of the SEI on individual nanogranules. It shows that lithium fluorides are uniformly distributed within the inner SEI layer of individual lithium nanogranules, arising from the instantaneous reaction of the deposited lithium with PF6- ions accumulated by the cationic polymer film, and thus the dendritic growth of lithium is prohibited. The ability to directly measure SEI chemistry at the nanoscale down to the individual nanograins in situ and unveil its correlation with the lithium deposition behavior opens future opportunities to explore unsolved mechanisms in batteries.

Na metal is an attractive anode material for rechargeable Na ion batteries, however, the dendritic growth of Na can cause serious safety issues. Along with modifications of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), engineering the electrode has been reported to be effective in suppressing Na dendritic growth, likely by reducing localized current density accumulation. However, fundamental understanding of Na growth at the nanoscale is still limited. Here, we report an in-situ study of Na electrodeposition in electrochemical liquid cells with the electrodes in different surface roughness, e.g., flat or sharp curvature. Real time observation using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals the Na electrodeposition with remarkable details. Relatively large Na grains (in the micrometer scale) are achieved on the flat electrode surface. The local SEI thickness variations impact the growth rate, thus the morphology of individual grains. In contrast, small Na grains (in tens of nanometers) grow explosively on the electrode at the point with sharp curvature. The newly formed Na grains preferentially deposit at the base of existing grains close to the electrode. Further studies using continuum-based computational modeling suggest that the growth mode of an alkali metal (e.g. Na) is strongly influenced by the transport properties of SEI. Our direct observation of Na deposition in combination with the theoretical modeling provides insights for comprehensive understanding of electrode roughness and SEI effects on Na electrochemical deposition.

The key challenge in the observation of the redshifted 21-cm signal from cosmic reionization is its separation from the much brighter foreground emission. Such separation relies on the different spectral properties of the two components, although, in real life, the foreground intrinsic spectrum is often corrupted by the instrumental response, inducing systematic effects that can further jeopardize the measurement of the 21-cm signal. In this paper, we use Gaussian Process Regression to model both foreground emission and instrumental systematics in ∼2 h of data from the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array. We find that a simple co-variance model with three components matches the data well, giving a residual power spectrum with white noise properties. These consist of an 'intrinsic' and instrumentally corrupted component with a coherence scale of 20 and 2.4 MHz, respectively (dominating the line-of-sight power spectrum over scales kâ ≤ 0.2 h cMpc-1) and a baseline-dependent periodic signal with a period of ∼1 MHz (dominating over kâ ∼0.4-0.8 h cMpc-1), which should be distinguishable from the 21-cm Epoch of Reionization signal whose typical coherence scale is ∼0.8 MHz.

Porous graphitic framework (PGF) is a two-dimensional (2D) material that has emerging energy applications. An archetype contains stacked 2D layers, the structure of which features a fully annulated aromatic skeleton with embedded heteroatoms and periodic pores. Due to the lack of a rational approach in establishing in-plane order under mild synthetic conditions, the structural integrity of PGF has remained elusive and ultimately limited its material performance. Here, we report the discovery of the unusual dynamic character of the C=N bonds in the aromatic pyrazine ring system under basic aqueous conditions, which enables the successful synthesis of a crystalline porous nitrogenous graphitic framework with remarkable in-plane order, as evidenced by powder X-ray diffraction studies and direct visualization using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The crystalline framework displays superior performance as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, outperforming the amorphous counterparts in terms of capacity and cycle stability. Insertion of well-defined, evenly spaced nanoscale pores into the two-dimensional (2D) layers of graphene invokes exciting properties due to the modulation of its electronic band gaps and surface functionalities. A bottom-up synthesis approach to such porous graphitic frameworks (PGFs) is appealing but also remains a great challenge. The current methods of building covalent organic frameworks rely on a small collection of thermodynamically reversible reactions. Such reactions are, however, inadequate in generating a fully annulated aromatic skeleton in PGFs. With the discovery of dynamic pyrazine formation, we succeeded in applying this linking chemistry to obtain a crystalline PGF material, which has displayed high electrical conductivity and remarkable performance as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. We envision that the demonstrated success will open the door to a wide array of fully annulated 2D porous frameworks, which hold immense potential for clean energy applications. We report the unusual dynamic characteristics of the C=N bonds in the pyrazine ring promoted under basic aqueous conditions, which enables the successful synthesis of two-dimensional porous graphitic frameworks (PGFs) featuring fully annulated aromatic skeletons and periodic pores. The PGF displayed high electrical conductivity and remarkable performance as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, far outperforming the amorphous counterparts in terms of capacity and cycle stability.

Superconducting materials exhibiting topological properties are emerging as an exciting platform to realize fundamentally new excitations from topological quantum states of matter. In this letter, we explore the possibility of a field-free platform for generating Majorana zero energy excitations by depositing magnetic Fe impurities on the surface of candidate topological superconductors, LiFeAs and PbTaSe2. We use scanning tunneling microscopy to probe localized states induced at the Fe adatoms on the atomic scale and at sub-Kelvin temperatures. We find that each Fe adatom generates a striking zero-energy bound state inside the superconducting gap, which do not split in magnetic fields up to 8 T, underlining a nontrivial topological origin. Our findings point to magnetic Fe adatoms evaporated on bulk superconductors with topological surface states for exploring Majorana zero modes and quantum information science under field-free conditions.

Clones of excitatory neurons derived from a common progenitor have been proposed to serve as elementary information processing modules in the neocortex. To characterize the cell types and circuit diagram of clonally related excitatory neurons, we performed multi-cell patch clamp recordings and Patch-seq on neurons derived from Nestin-positive progenitors labeled by tamoxifen induction at embryonic day 10.5. The resulting clones are derived from two radial glia on average, span cortical layers 2-6, and are composed of a random sampling of transcriptomic cell types. We find an interaction between shared lineage and connection type: related neurons are more likely to be connected vertically across cortical layers, but not laterally within the same layer. These findings challenge the view that related neurons show uniformly increased connectivity and suggest that integration of vertical intra-clonal input with lateral inter-clonal input may represent a developmentally programmed connectivity motif supporting the emergence of functional circuits.

In 21-cm cosmology, precision calibration is key to the separation of the neutral hydrogen signal from very bright but spectrally smooth astrophysical foregrounds. The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), an interferometer specialized for 21-cm cosmology and now under construction in South Africa, was designed to be largely calibrated using the self-consistency of repeated measurements of the same interferometric modes. This technique, known as redundant-baseline calibration resolves most of the internal degrees of freedom in the calibration problem. It assumes, however, on antenna elements with identical primary beams placed precisely on a redundant grid. In this work, we review the detailed implementation of the algorithms enabling redundant-baseline calibration and report results with HERA data.We quantify the effects of real-world non-redundancy and how they compare to the idealized scenario in which redundant measurements differ only in their noise realizations. Finally, we study how non-redundancy can produce spurious temporal structure in our calibration solutions-both in data and in simulations-and present strategies for mitigating that structure.

With a view to understanding the performance of the blast furnace slag with high Al2O3 content, the effects of w(MgO)/w(Al2O3), w(CaO)/w(SiO2), and w(Al2O3) on the melting performance (melting characteristic temperature and melting heat) of the blast furnace slag with high Al2O3 content were investigated by the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method. Experimental results indicate that melting end temperature (Tend) for almost all the slags has no obvious change with the increase of w(MgO)/w(Al2O3), w(CaO)/w(SiO2) and w(Al2O3) of the slag will raise Tend of the slag. When (w(MgO)/w(Al2O3), R, and w(Al2O3) are high, the melting onset temperature (Tonset) of the slag increases with the increase of any variables. When w(CaO)/w(SiO2) is low, Tonset of the slag decreases with the increase of w(Al2O3). w(MgO)/w(Al2O3), w(CaO)/w(SiO2), and w(Al2O3) within the scope of this study and all these factors lead to the increase of the slag melting heat.

Wen-Shang Liu,1,* Yu Liu,2,* Jie Gao,3,* Hao Zheng,4 Zheng-Mao Lu,4 Meng Li1 1Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Meng Li, Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +086-15000879978, Fax +086-021-23271699, Email lemonlives_dr@163.com Zheng-Mao Lu, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +086-13651688596, Fax +086-021-31161589, Email luzhengmao1982@163.comAbstract: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process, and metabolic disturbances in the microenvironment of chronic wounds and the severe symptoms they cause remain major challenges to be addressed. The inherent properties of hydrogels make them promising wound dressings. In addition, biomembrane-based nanostructures and microstructures (such as liposomes, exosomes, membrane-coated nanostructures, bacteria and algae) have significant advantages in the promotion of wound healing, including special biological activities, flexible drug loading and targeting. Therefore, biomembrane-based nanostructure- and microstructure-loaded hydrogels can compensate for their respective disadvantages and combine the advantages of both to significantly promote chronic wound healing. In this review, we outline the loading strategies, mechanisms of action and applications of different types of biomembrane-based nanostructure- and microstructure-loaded hydrogels in chronic wound healing.Keywords: biomembrane, nanostructures, microstructures, hydrogels, chronic wound healing

Commercially available digital cameras can be mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for crop growth monitoring in open-air fields as a low-cost, highly effective observation system. However, few studies have investigated their potential for nitrogen (N) status monitoring, and the performance of camera-derived vegetation indices (VIs) under different conditions remains poorly understood. In this study, five commonly used VIs derived from normal color (RGB) images and two typical VIs derived from color near-infrared (CIR) images were used to estimate leaf N concentration (LNC). To explore the potential of digital cameras for monitoring LNC at all crop growth stages, two new VIs were proposed, namely, the true color vegetation index (TCVI) from RGB images and the false color vegetation index (FCVI) from CIR images. The relationships between LNC and the different VIs varied at different stages. The commonly used VIs performed well at some stages, but the newly proposed TCVI and FCVI had the best performance at all stages. The performances of the VIs with red (or near-infrared) and green bands as the numerator were limited by saturation at intermediate to high LNCs (LNC > 3.0%), but the TCVI and FCVI had the ability to mitigate the saturation. The results of model validations further supported the superiority of the TCVI and FCVI for LNC estimation. Compared to the other VIs derived using RGB cameras, the relative root mean square errors (RRMSEs) of the TCVI were improved by 8.6% on average. For the CIR images, the best-performing VI for LNC was the FCVI (R2 = 0.756, RRMSE = 14.18%). The LNC-TCVI and LNC-FCVI were stable under different cultivars, N application rates, and planting densities. The results confirmed the applicability of UAVbased RGB and CIR cameras for crop N status monitoring under different conditions, which should assist the precision management of N fertilizers in agronomic practices.

The formation of complex hierarchical nanostructures has attracted a lot of attention from both the fundamental science and potential applications point of view. Spherulite structures with radial fibrillar branches have been found in various solids; however, their growth mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report real time imaging of the formation of two-dimensional (2D) iron oxide spherulite nanostructures in a liquid cell using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). By tracking the growth trajectories, we show the characteristics of the reaction front and growth kinetics. Our observations reveal that the tip of a growing branch splits as the width exceeds certain sizes (5.5–8.5 nm). The radius of a spherulite nanostructure increases linearly with time at the early stage, transitioning to nonlinear growth at the later stage. Furthermore, a thin layer of solid is accumulated at the tip and nanoparticles from secondary nucleation also appear at the growing front which later develop into fibrillar branches. The spherulite nanostructure is polycrystalline with the co-existence of ferrihydrite and Fe3O4 through-out the growth. A growth model is further established, which provides rational explanations on the linear growth at the early stage and the nonlinearity at the later stage of growth. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Huang Liu,1,* Zhixing Zhang,2,* Wei Lv,3 Qianyi Li,1 Zhaohui Qing,3 Xiaolin Zhong,4 Shaoqin Peng,3 Hai Lin,1 Houbin Zheng1 1Department of Andrology, NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ultrasonography, NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Inpatient Department, NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Human Sperm Bank of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Houbin Zheng, Email zhenghoubin@126.comObjective: Microsurgery of andrology always brings unexpected findings. Scrotal calculi are rare and unique, which are easily confused with tumor. To understand its etiology and harm, our study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of men with scrotal calculi to provide a reference for clinical practice.Methods: The clinical data of patients who underwent microscopic testicular sperm extraction (MTESE) and microscopic epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Data screening was performed on cases in which calculi were found or not, and the relationship between calculi and spermatogenesis was analyzed.Results: A total of 405 patients were recruited. After screening, 218 nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), 83 obstructive azoospermia (OA), and 13 cryptozoospermia (CZ) patients were included in the study. Calculi were found in 3 patients [incidence was 0.74% (3/405)], in which 2 patients had obstructive azoospermia (1 was epididymal calculi, 1 was intrascrotal calculi) and 1 patient had cryptozoospermia (intrascrotal calculi). Pathological results showed that chronic granuloma with abscess infiltration appeared in epididymal tissue, basement membrane thickening and fibrosis appeared in seminiferous tubules, and fibrous hyperplasia with calcium deposition was found in scrotal calculus. White blood cells, lymphocytes, red blood cells, abstinence time and urethritis were closely related to the occurrence of calculi. While abstinence time might be a potential predictor, which increased the risk by approximately 1.2 times.Conclusion: Disturbance of the testicular microenvironment caused by lymphocyte infiltration may be the main reason for scrotal calculi and ultimately cause spermatogenesis disorders. Prolonged sexual abstinence was a potential risk.Keywords: intrascrotal calculi, azoospermia, cryptozoospermia, testicular microenvironment, lymphocyte infiltration, prolonged sexual abstinence, tumour

Yun Wang, Mingfang Zhu, Shuhui Wu, Huie Zheng Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mingfang Zhu, Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 233 Cai E North Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13907317358, Fax +86-731-84917727, Email cszmf@162.comAbstract: Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, and it represents the most common skin disease affecting about 85% of adolescents in Western populations. The prevalence of acne vulgaris in developed countries is higher than that in developing countries.Emerging data has shown some systemic diseases closely associated with acne, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome (Mets), and so on.This review summarizes acne-associated diseases that have been reported in studies, and analyzes the possible co-pathogenesis of these diseases and acne.Keywords: acne, comorbidity, metabolic diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity

Bingxin Song,1 Shishi Zhou,2 Chenghui Li,2 Hongjuan Zheng,2 Xia Zhang,2 Xiayun Jin,2 Jianfei Fu,2 Huixian Hu1 1Department of Medical Hematology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jianfei Fu, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang University Jinhua Hospital, 351 Mingyue Road, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China, Fax +86-579-82552856, Email 11218276@zju.edu.cn Huixian Hu, Department of Medical Hematology, Zhejiang University Jinhua Hospital, 351 Mingyue Road, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, 321000, People’s Republic of China, Fax +86-579-82136611, Email huhuixian@zju.edu.cnObjective: Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) can lead to chemotherapy dose delay or reduction, and even serious bleeding. This study aimed to develop a CIT-predicting model based on the laboratory indices of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Material and Methods: From Jun 1, 2017 to Dec 30, 2021, a total of 2043 patients who had received 7676 cycles of chemotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictive factors, on the basis of which a nomogram model for predicting CIT was established. A bootstrapping technique was applied for internal validation. A generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was constructed to analyze the trends in the changes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), ratio of AST to alanine transaminase (ALT) (AST/ALT ratio), and platelet (PLT) count in patients with solid tumors. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: The patient-based incidence of CIT was 20.51% and the cycle-based incidence was 10.01%. The multivariate analysis showed that AST level, AST/ALT ratio, and total bilirubin (Tbil), white blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb) levels were significantly associated with the risk of CIT. The GAMM analysis showed that PLT level was inversely associated with AST/ALT ratio and AST level, more significantly with AST/ALT ratio. And both exhibited statistically predictive abilities for CIT. The model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.793, a sensitivity of 0.543 and a specificity of 0.930.Conclusion: The AST/ALT ratio was inversely associated with the CIT risk in cancer patients. The GAMM model based on laboratory indices presented a high accuracy in predicting the risk of CIT, and a potential to be translated into clinical management.Keywords: chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, solid tumors, AST/ALT-ratio, prediction model

Peize Li,1,2 Huanchi Zheng,3 Yuanfang Chen,1 Zhaoxi Liu,4 Jun He1,2 1The First Clinical School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jun He, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13728020800, Email hejunzj@gzucm.edu.cnBackground: Fibromyalgia is a rheumatic disease with no specific laboratory markers and is insensitive to hormonal drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs commonly used to treat rheumatism. Guidelines recommend that non-pharmacological therapy should be the first-line treatment for fibromyalgia. Since the publication of the first diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia in 1990, studies on acupuncture for fibromyalgia have been reported periodically. This study aims to explore the intellectual landscape of acupuncture for fibromyalgia since 1990, and to identify research trends and fronts in this field.Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection Database was searched for publications on acupuncture for fibromyalgia from 1990 to 2022. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to analyze the annual publication, countries, institutions, authors and cited authors, journals and cited journals, references and keywords.Results: A total of 280 publications were retrieved, and the number of publications showed an overall upward trend. The United States was the most productive country. China Medical University was the institution with the most publications. Lin Yi-wen was the most prolific author, while Wolfe was the most cited author. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine was the journal in which most of the research was published, while Pain was the most cited journal. An article by Wolfe (1990) had the most citations, but an article by Crofford (2001) had the highest centrality. The four most frequently used keywords in the included articles were mechanism, spinal cord, activation and sensitivity.Conclusion: Acupuncture can effectively relieve pain in patients with fibromyalgia and improve accompanying symptoms such as anxiety and depression. However, the design of clinical trials still needs to be optimized to better verify the efficacy of acupuncture on various clinical symptoms of fibromyalgia. Exploring the central analgesic mechanism of acupuncture on fibromyalgia is also the focus research direction now and future.Keywords: acupuncture, fibromyalgia, bibliometric analysis, CiteSpace, VOSviewer

Simiao Yu,1,* Jingxiao Wang,2,* Haocheng Zheng,3,* Ruilin Wang,4,* Nadia Johnson,1 Tao Li,3 Ping Li,1 Jie Lin,5 Yuan Li,5 Jin Yan,6 Ying Zhang,6 Zhenyu Zhu,6 Xia Ding3,7 1Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Hepatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, People’s Republic of China; 5National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, People’s Republic of China; 7Centre of Research for Traditional Chinese Medicine Digestive, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xia Ding, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Email dingx@bucm.edu.cn Zhenyu Zhu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Email zhuzy302@163.comAbstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. As opposed to the majority of patients with HCC, approximately 20– 30% of cases of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-derived HCC develop malignant tumours in the absence of liver cirrhosis. NASH is characterized by metabolic dysregulation, chronic inflammation and cell death in the liver, which provide a favorable setting for the transformation of inflammation into cancer. This review aims to describe the pathogenesis and the underlying mechanism of the transition from inflammation to cancer in NASH.Keywords: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, inflammation to cancer transition, metabolic dysregulation, immune microenvironment

The production of real e+e− pairs is an important quantum electrodynamics phenomenon, that could have significant implications on low energy heavy ion dynamics. Here, we employ an established Schwingerinspired theory to study this effect in nuclear disintegrations. We extend the current framework with a Monte Carlo approach to include non-perturbative contributions. Simultaneously, we supplement our study with a preliminary experimental procedure, via the use of the Global Spectrometer for Positron and Electron Characterization developed at the Texas Petawatt Laser facility of the University of Texas at Austin. Theory and experiment agree within one order of magnitude, which signals promise for further investigations.