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Knitted fabrics made of natural, synthetic and regenerated fibres are presented to the final consumers at different fabric constructions. Reason to select different fibre types, fibre blends, and knitting constructions utilisation is to optimize consumer demands of comfort, functionality, fashion and price. Continuous fibre improving studies are one driving factor behind the fabric and clothing design possibilities. Collagen peptide added fibres are one recent fibre type in the regenerated cellulosic fibre family. Collagen peptide addition to the regenerated cellulosic fibre has been reported to improve fibre properties of moisture management, thermoregulation, anti-static, ultraviolet protection, biodegradable properties which make the fibre preferable material for active wear clothes. This study involves with the influence of new fibre type addition on moisture management, antimicrobial, and air permeability properties of the plated knitted fabric structures. Within this work; one plain knitted fabric is knitted using 100% collagen peptide added regenerated cellulosic yarn and polyamide yarn grounded six different plated knitted fabrics were studied. Moisture management transport (MMT) properties, antimicrobial properties (against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans) and air permeability properties of those knitted samples were evaluated comparatively. Gathered results are statistically evaluated using one-way Anova test; it was determined that there was a significant difference on MMT and air permeability properties of knitted samples at significance level of 0.05. Additionally, presence of collagen peptide added fibre exhibits considerable level of antimicrobial effect against included microorganisms. The results of the experimental work represent an initial phase towards a better understanding of the influence of different fibre blended yarn utilization on plated knitted fabrics which would be appropriate for active wear cloth manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low moisture absorbency of hydrophobically coated flame-resistant (FR) fabrics do not correlate well with the thermophysiological comfort. In this frame, we were the first to study the effect of screen-printed microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) on fabric's breathability and moisture build-up and transfer as user-friendly and wear-related comfortable coating. The amount of MFC applied and its patterning was varied using different printing parameters, the density and thickness of FR fabric, and studied by add-on measurement and microscopic imaging. The effect of MFC coating and its durability (attachment) after a post-printing of hydrophobic polyacrylate on the same (layer-by-layer) or other side of the fabrics was considered, thus to maintain one side of the fabric (facing towards the wearer) hydrophilic while keeping the other side (facing outward) hydrophobic. The results showed that MFC provides uniform and repeatable printing, which gave homogeneous patterning with good layering on the fabrics, although, resulting in the MFC concentration, squeegee' pressure, and fabric' structure dependent add-on, its imprinting and co-crosslinking within the polyacrylate. This slightly reduced the fabric air-permeability, but increased it surfaces wetting, moisture uptake kinetic and capacity (hydroscopicity), without affecting the water vapour transfer. Besides, the polyacrylate could fix the MFC pre-printed on the other side of the fabric, thus maintaining its hydrophilicity, being more pronounced in the case of less open and thicker fabric, while improving its tensile/tear strengths and abrasion resistance, without deterioration of the fabric's flammability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propensity of a textile material to evaporate moisture from its surface, commonly referred to as the ‘moisture management’ ability, is an important characteristic that dictates the applicability of a given textile material in the activewear garment industry. Here, an infrared absorbing nanoparticle impregnated self-heating (IRANISH) fabric is developed by impregnating tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanoparticles into a polyester fabric through a facile high-pressure dyeing approach. It is observed that under simulated solar radiation, the impregnated ITO nanoparticles can absorb IR radiation, which is effectively transferred as thermal energy to any moisture present on the fabric. This transfer of thermal energy facilitates the enhanced evaporation of moisture from the IRANISH fabric surface and as per experimental findings, a 54 ± 9% increase in the intrinsic drying rate is observed for IRANISH fabrics compared with control polyester fabrics that are treated under identical conditions, but in the absence of nanoparticles. Approach developed here for improved moisture management via the incorporation of IR absorbing nanomaterials into a textile material is novel, facile, efficient and applicable at any stage of garment manufacture. Hence, it allows us to effectively overcome the limitations faced by existing yarn-level and structural strategies for improved moisture management.

This study aimed to examine the fabrication of bi-constituent nanofibrous membranes and investigation of their moisture management behavior in various environmental conditions. In doing so, polyurethane with a hydrophobic nature and superior mechanical behavior and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) with a hydrophilic nature were utilized. Different hybrid electrospun nanofibrous membranes were aligned based on different layer arrangements and composition ratios. Then, the impacts of the solid fraction of polymers, sequence of stacking, and environmental conditions on water vapor permeability, contact angle, and acidic water permeation were measured and discussed. Tracing the water vapor permeability behavior in samples was carried out through measuring the amount of permeation hourly and proposing some regression models. Bi-modal nanofibrous membranes were successfully fabricated using PAMPS and polyurethane with an average fiber diameter of 543.5 and 216.7 nm, respectively. As the volume fraction of PAMPS increased, the porosities of the samples remained unchanged, the number of pores increased, and the pore size decreased (the average pore diameter was 299.97 nm for the PAMPS sample and 492.35 nm for the polyurethane sample). Despite the better water vapor permeability of the polyurethane membranes than that of the PAMPS membranes, in the first 12 h of the water vapor permeability test, the trend was completely reverse. The results also revealed that in the relative humidity of 55%, the polyurethane layer had the highest water vapor permeability among all samples. The results of the acidic water permeation and contact angle tests showed that the hybrid electrospun nanofibrous membranes exhibit better wicking and wetting properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soft silicone’s flexibility, adhesive capacity and non-toxic, nonodourous and hypoallergenic nature have made it an established material for adhesive and protective therapeutic devices. In wound care, silicone is a component of contact layer dressings for superficial wounds and silicone gel sheeting for reducing the risk of scarring, as well as of barriers for incontinence-associated dermatitis. Regarding stoma accessories, silicone is established in barrier films to prevent contact dermatitis, adhesive removers to prevent skin stripping and filler gels to prevent appliance leaks. Until recently, silicone has not been used in stoma appliances flanges, as its hydrophobic nature has not allowed for moisture management to permit transepidermal water loss and prevent maceration. Traditional hydrocolloid appliances manage moisture by absorbing water, but this can lead to saturation and moisture associated skin damage (MASD), as well as increased adhesion and resultant skin tears on removal, known as medical adhesive related skin injury (MARSI). However, novel silicone compounds have been developed with a distinct evaporation-based mechanism of moisture management. This uses colloidal separation to allow the passage of water vapour at a rate equivalent to normal transepidermal water loss. It has been shown to minimise MASD, increase wear time and permit atraumatic removal without the use of adhesive solvents. Trio Healthcare has introduced this technology with a range of silicone-based flange extenders and is working with the University of Bradford Centre for Skin Sciences on prototype silicone-based stoma appliance flanges designed to significantly reduce the incidence of peristomal skin complications, such as MARSI and MASD. It is hoped that this will also increase appliance wear time, reduce costs and improve patient quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leaks and peristomal skin complications are highly prevalent among people with a stoma, reported by over 80% of ostomates within 2 years of surgery. This suggests that there is room for improvement in ostomy appliances, particularly in their hydrocolloid based adhesive flanges. Hydrocolloid has an absorptive method of moisture management that, over time, risks maceration and skin stripping, potentially leading to moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) and medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI). The newly developed Genii ostomy appliances (Trio Healthcare) use novel Sil2 Breathable Silicone Technology to provide secure, effective adhesion and manage moisture levels by replicating natural transepidermal water loss (TEWL). This has the potential to increase appliance wear time, reduce incidence of MASD and permit atraumatic removal without adhesive remover, reducing the risks of MARSI, as well as time burdens on the user and economic burdens on the healthcare system. Meanwhile, the silicone flanges and water-resistant sports fabric pouches are lightweight, flexible and unobtrusive, and they are the first appliances to be available in colours to match different skin tones, all of which provides security, comfort, confidence and discretion. This article explores the features of Sil2 and Genii ostomy appliances, with reference to preliminary data from a user evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effect of weave pattern on moisture management properties of 100% cotton differently woven fabrics have been assessed. The relation between fabric constructional parameters (such as fabric thickness, fabric weight, fabric bulk density, fabric cover factor, yarn count, yarn crimp and yarn twist per meter) and moisture management properties concerning the wetting time, spreading speed, demand absorbency capacity, maximum absorption rate, vertical wicking rate, air permeability and drying time were examined in accordance with different weave patterns (such as 1/1 plain, 3/1 satin and 2/1terry (both sided)). A general overview of the results showed that moisture management properties of cotton woven fabrics were affected by the weave patterns and constructional parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study involves the preparation and characterization of antibacterial nanofibers made from nigella/PVA mixer along with silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles were efficiently synthesized by reduction of AgNO3 while alcoholic extraction process was used to extract the medicinal constituents form nigella. Then the resulting solution was electrospun into nanofibers by electrospinning technique under optimum processing conditions. The developed nanofibrous mat was characterized by bacterial assay, moisture management tester (MMT), thermal analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and FTIR to evaluate its antibacterial, moisture, thermal, morphological, and bonding behavior. The agar diffusion method had been used to evaluate the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria revealing the formation of inhibition zone with a value around 18.66 ± 2 mm. Besides, the developed nanomat showed enhanced moisture and thermal properties having average diameter of 223 ± 20.5 nm. In addition, the presence of characteristic peaks in FTIR spectra revealed all the desired components are present in the developed nanofibrous mat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of washing fabrics (nylon 6.6 powernet knitted fabrics with 30% spandex) treated with chitosan on their moisture management and air permeability. The knitted fabrics were treated with three different solutions of chitosan and dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU); in addition to chitosan and DMDHEU, one solution contained the complexing agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and the other contained the nonionic surfactant and penetration agent octylphenol ethoxylate. The three solutions were compared in terms of their effect on moisture management and air permeability properties. Nylon fabrics treated and washed with these solutions were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Nylon fabrics treated with chitosan and DMDHEU showed the potential to transfer liquid moisture to the lower layer and keep the layer next to the skin dry after 20 washes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation aims at studying the moisture management properties of polyester-cotton plated fabrics of ring vis a vis rotor yarns. Ring yarn fabrics exhibit higher moisture vapour transmission rate, trans planar wicking, lower wetting time and higher one way transport capacity as compared to rotor yarn fabrics, making the former suitable where body needs to dissipate sweat both in vapour and liquid forms, with respect to fabrics using combination of rotor-spun cotton yarns, which show higher absorbent capacity and would be slow drying with poor one way transport capacity. The study helps us to conclude that yarn spinning system plays an important role in influencing moisture management properties of fabrics intended for next to skin applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For investigation of the moisture management properties of bi-layer knitted fabrics, a special knitting structure made of the same or different combinations of yarns of cotton, polypropylene, Microdenier polyester and polyester staple fibre on the face and reverse sides fibre was studied. Moisture management properties, which determine the warm-cool feeling, of the fabrics produced were determined and statistical analysis made. The results indicated that the Microdenier polyester (inner) - Microdenier polyester (outer) fabric had a better moisture management property, providing high levels of comfort, and is recommended for summer, active and sportswear. The results were discussed together with one-way ANOVA test results at a 0.05 significance level. The results indicate that the Microdenier polyester yarn inner and outer layer of bi-layer knitted fabric shows a better moisture management property due to its appreciable wetting radius, as well its good absorption rate, wetting time and spreading speed of sweat, thus exhibiting a very higher level of the comfort property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moisture management is a very fundamental criterion for any type of fabric. Hence, in this study three different knits viz plated interlock, mini flat back rib and flat back rib fabric structures with 100% eri silk (top), 100% bamboo (bottom) and 100% tencel (bottom) with the combination of two different yarn counts were used. The yield was tested for moisture management properties. It was identified that the bi-layer eri silk (14.3 tex) combined with bamboo (14.8 tex) and tencel (14.8 tex) plated interlock, mini flat back rib and flat back rib knit structure fabrics were excellent. Due to the high level of comfort and breathable nature, eri silk with bamboo and tencel fabrics are recommended for performance based garments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The moisture management properties of socks made from recycled polyester, virgin cotton and its blends were studied and compared. As an outcome of this research, the OMMC (Overall Moisture Management Capacity) of socks produced from recycled polyester fabrics gave higher values than those of virgin cotton fabrics. This result demonstrates that recycled polyester fabrics have good moisture management properties and faster water transport capacity compared to other fabrics. The lowest OMMC values were observed for virgin cotton fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comfort has been one of the most important features of clothing, particularly for sportswear, which requires an effective transport of heat and moisture from the inner to the outer side of clothing. We herein report the use of a simple technique of spray coating and commercially available water repellents for a one-sided hydrophobic and self-initiated one-way water transport cotton fabric. The highlight of this work is the simplicity of the process and choice of chemicals that can be adopted easily by any textile finishing industry. On this fabric, water was able to diffuse and penetrate the fabric structure in one direction from the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic side but was unable to go the opposite direction. The directional transport improved with smaller droplets and lower add-on achievable by higher air pressure and longer distance of spray coating. From moisture management tests, the best result was obtained with the spray coating of Phobol NB-NH at an air pressure of 3.0 kgf/cm2 and a distance of 120 cm. Phobol NB-NH gave better result of transport and overall comfort properties than Phobotex RSY. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The six types of weft knitted fabric in plating structure were made by cotton, polypropylene and polyester with different number of filaments. The fabrics were tested by moisture management tester, vertical wicking and drying test. It was found that the large water absorption difference and the large filament density difference between the inner and outer side of fabric could result in the better water absorption and drying ability. The fabric with polypropylene yarn (75D/48f) at inner side and cotton yarn (40 Ne) at outer side had best moisture management property evaluated by MMT. While the fabric with polypropylene yarn (75D/48f) at the inner side and polyester yarn (75D/144f) at the outer side had highest vertical wicking and drying rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to investigate the liquid moisture management performance of knitted fabrics produced from vortex-spun yarns using different kinds of fibers and ratios. For this purpose, the vortex-spun yarns with 19.7 tex were obtained in different blend ratios in Murata Vortex Spinner by using different fibers. Then, these yarns were knitted in a circular knitting machine at two different stitch lengths and dyed considering fiber types. Moisture management properties of the produced fabrics were tested. The results revealed that moisture management properties of vortex knitted fabrics were much affected by fiber types in comparison with fabric tightness. Modal and nylon fibers have shown very positive results in terms of moisture management performance. The vortex-spun yarns having a low diameter, high shape values that are more rounded, and high density improved moisture management performance of the fabrics whereas the hairy yarns and higher fabric thickness reduced it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The moisture management behavior of knitted activewear made of micro polyester, texturized polyester and polyester spandex blend; knitted in different structures - single jersey, rib and interlock was analyzed using multi-dimensional liquid transport properties and fabric structural parameters. In this research work, moisture management property is evaluated through dry rate performance, air permeability, water vapor permeability, vertical wicking height. The conclusions derived indicate the best performance from the plain single jersey knit structure manufactured using Micro Polyester. The moisture management properties are found to be directly correlated with dry rate performance, water vapor permeability and vertical wicking. These all properties are further associated with porosity of structure and micro channels available for water transportation, which is highest in case of micro polyester yarn and single jersey knit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functionalization of textile fabrics with metal oxide nanoparticles can be used to add antibacterial and moisture management properties to them. Current work focuses on the development of these properties on polyester/cotton woven fabrics by treating them with zinc oxide nanoparticles for workwear and sportswear applications. Zinc oxide nanoparticles, prepared by sol-gel method, were applied on fabric samples, which were then tested for antibacterial and moisture management properties using standard test methods AATCC 147 with Staphylococcus aureus and AATCC 195, respectively. It was found that application of ZnO nanoparticles improved both these properties with smaller particle imparting larger effects on both of them.

Hygrothermal modelling is increasingly used to inform building envelope design. A key input for these calculations is the material’s vapour diffusion properties. Respecting a growing international concern, this research has questioned the appropriateness of the current test method to establish construction material for vapour diffusion properties. This article reports on the empirical measurement of the vapour diffusion properties of two vapour-permeable building membranes commonly used in Australia residential systems when subjected to variable relative humidity conditions. The method involved completing dry cup and wet cup standard tests as specified in ISO 12572, (23 °C and 50% relative humidity RH). Further tests were then conducted as temperature remained at 23 °C but the relative humidity changed to 35%, 65% and 80%, respectively, in order to know if the diffusion properties are the same or change with varying relative humidity. The results from the wet cup and dry cup tests under different relative humidity conditions were non-linear and different. These results indicate vapour-permeable membranes behave differently when exposed to different relative humidity conditions. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that the current vapour resistivity test method is inadequate, hence the need to establish more detailed diffusion resistivity properties in different humidity ranges that represent conditions experienced within a building’s external envelope.

Soft silicone's flexibility, adhesive capacity and non-toxic, non-odourous and hypoallergenic nature have made it an established material for adhesive and protective therapeutic devices. In wound care, silicone is a component of contact layer dressings for superficial wounds and silicone gel sheeting for reducing the risk of scarring, as well as of barriers for incontinence-associated dermatitis. Regarding stoma accessories, silicone is established in barrier films to prevent contact dermatitis, adhesive removers to prevent skin stripping and filler gels to prevent appliance leaks. Until recently, silicone has not been used in stoma appliances flanges, as its hydrophobic nature has not allowed for moisture management to permit trans-epidermal water loss and prevent maceration. Traditional hydrocolloid appliances manage moisture by absorbing water, but this can lead to saturation and moisture-associated skin damage (MASD), as well as increased adhesion and resultant skin tears on removal, known as medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI). However, novel silicone compounds have been developed with a distinct evaporation-based mechanism of moisture management. This uses colloidal separation to allow the passage of water vapour at a rate equivalent to normal trans-epidermal water loss. It has been shown to minimise MASD, increase wear time and permit atraumatic removal without the use of adhesive solvents. Trio Healthcare has introduced this technology with a range of silicone-based flange extenders and is working with the University of Bradford Centre for Skin Sciences on prototype silicone-based stoma appliance flanges designed to significantly reduce the incidence of peristomal skin complications, such as MARSI and MASD. It is hoped that this will also increase appliance wear time, reduce costs and improve patient quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present work is to analyze the interaction of sweat with socks comprised of different main and plating yarn combinations. Main yarn selected of different blends Coolmax/cotton 50/50 (CC), 100% Coolmax (CM), 100% spun polyester (SP) and 100% micro spun polyester (MP) with linear density of 20 Nec (nominal english count) each. Plating yarns of two types i.e. nylon plated air covered (Nc) and polyester plated air covered (Pc) of linear densities 70 D and 75 D were used. The socks were prepared on a circular plain knitted machine with seven different yarn combination using main and plaiting yarns. Socks sample prepared abbreviated as CCNc, CMPc, CMNc, SPPc, SPNc, MPPc and MPNc. Moisture management properties were measured MMT device. The liquid transport properties like wetting time, absorption rate, spreading speed, one way transportation capacity and overall moisture management capacity (OMMC) were measured and analyzed. The result shows that socks samples CCNc containing hydrophilic materials like cotton so possess greater absorbency and least transportation of liquid. Socks samples especially CMPc, MPPc and SPPc being hydrophobic materials exhibit 'good' moisture management properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently knitted fabrics structure was developed for protective garments. The new fabric made of ballistic nylon plated with wool called knit-plated was designed and evaluated for thermal and watervapour resistance. Also, the moisture management properties were investigated to measure the enhancement of wool to the fabric. The surface properties of the fabric, including coefficient of friction and surface roughness, were measured. The results indicates that the ballistic nylon-wool achieved good thermal comfort as well as the wool provide an average accumulative one way water transport. Furthermore, the results reveal that the fabric has smooth surface in the next-to-skin side due to plated wool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile users demands high levels of moisture management and comfort properties for active wear and daily garments. The fabrics structural parameters, type of fiber, fiber cross section, yarn type, count fabric weave etc effects on comfort properties of the fabrics. Moisture management in the fabrics defined as the movement of water vapor and liquid moisture from the surface of the skin to the fabric and fabric to atmosphere through a garment worn by a wearer. Liquid moisture management is critical in summer apparel and sports knitwear, where sweat management and evaporative cooling is crucial for maintaining thermo-physiological comfort. The fabrics produced from micro fibers with high surface area and large number of micro capillaries shows improved wicking and moisture transmission properties of the fabrics. The present paper focuses on fundamental principles and basic mechanisms involved in liquid moisture management, along with some recent developments in fiber structure for improving moisture management properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

"Air‐conditioning" textiles with thermal‐ or moisture‐managing functions are of high interest for not only improving human comfort but also reducing energy consumption. However, making the textile sensitive to the surrounding environment and exhibit adaptive thermal/moisture management still remains a great challenge. Herein, a double‐sided synergetic Janus textile is developed, featuring reversible diode‐like water transportation and adjustable thermal convection upon temperature change. The incorporated responsive polymer networks with inverse transitions on the opposite sides provide synergistic surface energy gradients and capillary gradients that generate drying and cooling effects (with 50% faster water evaporation and 1.2–2.3 °C cooler than with cotton fabric) in hot weather while offering thermal preservation (120 s longer needed to be cooled down and maximumly 3.3 °C warmer than with cotton fabric) in a cold environment. This method could provide ideas for the development of more adaptive textiles and clothing to address maximum personal comfort in demanding situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding mechanism of transmitted and stored heat in porous materials was extremely important for improving thermal protective performance of clothing. A coupled heat and moisture transfer model in a three-layer fabric system while exposing to a low-level thermal radiation was developed in this study. The model simulated the transmitted and stored heat in porous materials, and considered the effect of moisture transport on the transmitted and stored heat. The predicted results from the coupled model were validated with the experimental results, and compared with the predicted results from the previous model without considering the moisture effect. It was found that the prediction accuracies in skin burn and skin temperature through the coupled model were further improved. The coupled model was used to examine the moisture effect on heat transport and storage in porous materials. The results demonstrated that the moisture within porous materials increased the heat storage and discharge, but decreased the heat transport. The increases in initial moisture content and fiber moisture regain, while increasing the thermal hazardous effect, greatly enhanced the thermal protective performance of clothing. Therefore, it suggested that the moisture management in porous materials was a key consideration for thermal functional design of fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the evaluation of the moisture management of woven polyester fabric in three basic weaves -- plain, twill and satin. It details types of liquid management and evaluates fabric comfort in terms of liquid moisture transport, drying speed and the moisture management of resistivity. It discusses the relationship between moisture management and the drying time of textile structures. New equipment is defined for drying speed determination, and its schematic and principles are discussed in this paper. Because the methods have some limitations and matters of presumption, the necessary interpretation of results is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moisture management and wicking properties of eri silk knitted fabrics have been studied. Three different knit structures, namely single jersey, single pique and honeycomb, have been developed with the combination of two different yarn count and tightness level. The fabrics developed are analyzed in terms of wetting time, spreading speed, absorption rate, and maximum wetting radius, accumulative one way transport index (AOTI) and overall moisture management capacity (OMMC). It is discerned that the variables, such as yarn count, fabric tightness and knitting structure, have a significant influence on the wicking and moisture management properties. The OMMC indexes of eri silk knitted fabric are found to range from 'very good' to "excellent' category, which indicates the suitability of eri silk yarn to skin fit as well as active wear applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tekstilec is the property of University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences & Engineering, Department of Textiles and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Colloid-facilitated phosphorus (P) migration plays an important role in P loss from farmland to adjacent water bodies. However, the dynamics of colloidal P (P coll) release as influenced by irrigation in alkaline calcareous soil remains a knowledge gap. The present study, monitored the dynamic change of P coll under different water management strategies: 1) control, 2) flooding, and 3) alternating flooding and drying cycles. Soil water-dispersible colloids (0.6 nm-1 μm) were extracted by combining filtration and ultrafiltration methods. The contents of P, cation and organic carbon in the water-dispersible colloids were determined and the stability and mineral composition of colloidal fractions were characterized. The results showed that P coll ranged from 16.5 to 25.5 mg kg−1 and represented 42.8%–64.9% of the water-extracted P in the control. Flooding significantly decreased the P coll content by 16.0%–62.1% (mean 32.7%) and it may be attributed to the dissolution of colloidal iron (Fe) bound P. The alternating flooding and drying treatment significantly reduced the P coll content by 11.6%–88.0% (mean 67.6%). The P coll content of the flooding event was always greater than the P coll content of the drying event during flooding and drying cycles. Redundancy analysis and random forest modeling showed that the colloidal calcium (Ca) and ionic strength in soil solutions had negative correlations with the P coll content, and pH, ionic strength and truly dissolved P were the critical factors affecting P coll. Drying of the flooded soil led to the decrease of pH and the increase of ionic strength, colloidal Ca content and positive charges of colloid surfaces, which promoted colloid aggregation and enhanced soil P sorption capacity. This restricted the loss potential of P coll. In summary, controlled flooding and drainage when managed correctly have a role to play in mitigating P coll loss from P-enriched calcareous soils. [Display omitted] • Colloidal P accounts for 53.2% of water-extracted P in the calcareous soil. • Alternating flooding and drying cycles decrease the colloidal P by 67.6%. • Enhanced colloidal aggregation explains the decrease of colloidal P content. • The positive charges on colloid surface increased when soil moisture dropped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect of bamboo viscose/tencel blend ratio on the moisture management properties of single jersey knitted fabrics has been studied. Moisture management properties, such as wetting time of top and bottom fabric surfaces, maximum moisture absorption rates of top and bottom surfaces, maximum wetted radii of top and bottom surfaces, spreading speeds of top and bottom surfaces, and cumulative one-way transport capacity and overall moisture management capacity have been considered and correlated to the blend ratio of bamboo viscose/tencel yarn single jersey knitted fabrics. It is observed that as the tencel content increases, the wetting time, absorption rate, spreading speed, overall moisture management capacity decreases but maximum wetted radius increases.

Acting as a "second skin", clothing plays an indispensable role in providing comfort and protection in the wide range of environments in which we live. However, comfort and protection are often competing requirements and are difficult to improve simultaneously. By mimicking the exceptional thermoresponsive one-way liquid transport property of human skin, here we developed a scalable and ecofriendly skin-like fabric that has a tunable directional water transport rate while having excellent water repellency. The water transport rate is also temperature-responsive, just like skin. As the temperature increases, the wettability gradient in the spatially distributed channels (acting like "sweat glands") increases, promoting sweat transport and evaporative heat dissipation. As the temperature decreases, on the other hand, the wettability gradient diminishes, reducing liquid transport and evaporative heat loss, thereby promoting heat retention. The fabric is highly suitable for sportswear and functional clothing and can have wider applications, such as oil-water separation, fog harvesting, etc.