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Children away from their parents while pursuing higher education at universities face new challenges in managing their finances and preparing to be financially independent. This study analysed and compared the effects of parental financial socialisation and financial literacy on Indonesian and Malaysian university students' financial behaviour. In total, 204 students from the Faculty of Human Ecology at IPB University and Universiti Putra Malaysia participated in the study. Data were gathered using a self-reporting questionnaire using the convenience sampling method. The independent sample t-test and multiple regression analysis were performed on the data. The results of the t-test showed that Malaysian students scored significantly higher in parental financial socialisation and financial behaviour but lower in financial literacy than Indonesian students. Moreover, the regression analyses revealed that parental financial socialisation and students' financial literacy were highly significant in influencing the sampled students' financial behaviour. However, by splitting the sample based on the student's country of origin, this study demonstrated that Malaysian students' financial behaviour was only significantly influenced by parental financial socialisation, while Indonesian students' financial behaviour was only significantly determined by financial literacy. These findings implied that Malaysian parents were more involved in shaping their children's financial behaviour or decisions. In contrast, Indonesian students were more independent from their parents, and their financial literacy level predominantly influenced their financial behaviour.

The Gagak Lumayung Pencak Silat College is a pencak silat that puts forward the values of piety in it, students are not only trained physically but also a pattern of education that is related to spiritual improvement by holding joint recitation activities, the fall this has become research material. This study aims to determine the the influence of da'wah values on the pencak silat Gagak Lumayung to the people of Mandala Mekar village, Cimenyan district, Bandung regency This research method uses a qualitative analytical descriptive . The purpose of this descriptive analytical research procedure is an effort to obtain in-depth information on the influence of da'wah values to the art of Pencak Silat Gagak Lumayung. The Pencak silat provides with all islamic values will have enormous benefits, not only for individuals but also for society. in other words, to education of pencak silat education has a role in the development of the Indonesian nation as a whole Pencak silat is also used as a medium of da'wah in instilling Islamic teachings through to the art of pencak silat whict is accompanied by the spiritual activities. These aspects of pencak silat also shape the individual attitudes to reach a high spirit of solidarity polite behavior towards others, on can live in harmony in society as well. Abstrak. Perguruan Pencak Silat Gagak Lumayung merupakan pencak silat yang mengedepankan nilai nilai ketakwaan di dalamnya, siswa tidak hanya dilatih secara jasmani tetapi juga terdapat pola pendidikan yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan roham dengan mengadakan kegiatan pengajian bersama, sehingga hal ini menjadi bahan penelitian Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh nilai-nilai dakwah pada pencak silat Gagak Lumayung terhadap masyarakat desa Mandala Mekar kecamatan Cimenvan Kabupaten Bandung Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik kualitatif. Tujuan dari prosedur penelitian deskriptif analius ini adalah sebagai upaya untuk memperoleh informasi yang mendalam terkait pengaruh nilai-nila dakwah pada kesenian Pencak Silat Gagak Lumayung Pencak silat yang dihayati dengan segala nilai-nilainya akan memiliki manfaat yang sangat besar tidak hanya bagi individu yang mempelajarinya tetapi juga bagi masyarakat dengan kata lain pendidikan pencak silat memiliki peran dalam pembangunan bangsa Indonesia secara keseluruhan Pencak silat juga digunakan sebagai media dakwah dalam menanamkan sayari at agama Islam melalui pencak nlat yang disertai dengan kegiatan spiritual Aspek-aspek yang ada dalam pencak silat ini juga membentuk akap individu untuk memiliki jiwa solidaritas yang tinggi perilaku santun terhadap sesama, hidup rukun dalam masyarakat.

This study discusses and analyzes the political concept of Da'wah by Sayyid Qutb and Hassan Hanafi as well as dialogues, both of whom are of the view that Islam is not a religion related to creed. However, Islam is a religion that perfectly regulates all life, including in building civilization, especially regarding the politics of Islamic da'wah. Sayyid Qutb with the thought of his commentary Fii Zhilaalil Qur'an, he said that the thoughts that support the politics of da'wah are divided into three parts. The first is the general rule (basic policy of da'wah politics), the second is the principles of the methodology of da'wah politics, and the third is the system of da'wah political movement (organization of the da'wah movement). As for Hassan Hanafi with his al-yasar al-Islami, he is try to study a lot about the Islamic revival, the Islamic revolution, and the unity of the Ummah with his very famous project, al-turath wa al-tajdid. West and the last attitude towards the reality and conditions of contemporary Muslims. The object of research by Sayyid Qutb and Hassan Hanafi is about the concept of da'wah politics using comparative methods and including library research, by conducting activities to find primary and secondary sources qualitatively. Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas dan menganalisa konsep politik dakwah Sayyid Qutb dan Hassan Hanafi juga mendialogkannya, keduanya berpandangan bahwa Islam bukanlah agama yang berkaitan tentang akidah belaka. Akan tetapi, Islam merupakan agama yang mengatur semua kehidupan secara sempurna termasuk dalam membangun peradaban politik dakwah Islam. Sayyid Qutb dengan pemikiran kitab tafsirnya Fii Zhilaalil Qur`an, ia mengatakan bahwa pemikiran yang menunjang politik dakwah dibagi menjadi tiga bagian. Pertama Kaidah Umum (Kebijakan dasar politik dakwah), kedua Prinsp-prinsip metodologi politik dakwah, ketiga sistem gerakan politik dakwah (organisasi gerakan dakwah). Adapun Hassan Hanafi dengan ide kiri Islamnya, mencoba menelaah tentang kebangkitan Islam, revolusi Islam, dan kesatuan umat dengan garapan proyeknya yang sangat terkenal yaitu al-turath wa al-tajdid, ada tiga pilar untuk merealisasikannya yaitu: sikap terhadap masa lalu, sikap terhadap Barat dan yang terakhir sikap terhadap realitas dan kondisi muslim kontemporer. Objek penelitian pemikiran Sayyid Qutb dan Hassan Hanafi adalah mengenai konsep politik dakwah dengan menggunakan metode komparatif dan termasuk penelitian library research, dengan melakukan kegiatan mencari sumber primer dan sekunder secara kualitatif.

This study focuses on works related to urease inhibitors published from 1970 to 2021, gathered from the Web of Science database. This paper aims to examine the trends of research involving urease inhibitors, as there have been no centralised study that utilises bibliometric methods on the related research fields, methods used, as well as collaborations. The total number of publications examined in this paper after filtering is 574 and the number of review articles on urease inhibitors is on the low side considering other research topics published within the 51-year period. Experimental works are still the core method of gathering information on the usefulness of urease inhibitors in all fields within the investigated time span. From the mid-2000s, theoretical investigations emerged as a complement to experimental research, mostly in the form of molecular docking studies. As in the other fields of study, theoretical works have been accepted as part of research methods to examine the molecular interactions between compounds and urease. The main partners to consider for cooperation in this field of study are those in Pakistan, China, the United States, New Zealand and Spain as their institutions house researchers that are outstanding in the field and they produce articles that are highly cited.

Clinical pharmacy education (CPE) is an important element in the undergraduate pharmacy programmes as the pharmacy profession had changed from product-oriented to patient-oriented services. This study was designed to assess the experience and attitude of Malaysian undergraduate pharmacy students on clinical pharmacy education, to compare attitude score according to different demographic characteristics and experiences, and to identify preferred teaching and learning methods for CPE. This was a cross-sectional study conducted using an adopted and adapted questionnaire which was distributed via email. A total of 305 final year Bachelor of Pharmacy students from all universities offering pharmacy programme were recruited through convenient sampling and the mean (SD) age of the respondents was 23.03 (1.589) years. This study revealed that almost 50% of respondents started CPE in Year 3 of their study. The highest proportion of respondents spent 31- 50 contact hours per semester for clinical pharmacy courses and the biggest percentage of contact hours were spent in traditional lectures.

The need for plastic solutions has increased as a result of the expansion in the usage of plastic-based items, adding pressure to the waste management system. The use of plastics derived from petroleum, which significantly harm the environment, is being reduced with great interest. Substituting biodegradable plastic made from natural resources such as unprocessed agricultural waste, aquatic life, and even microbes for traditional plastics made through the petrochemical process is one way to address the problems. The worldwide bioplastics and biopolymer targets are the focus of all these initiatives. The focus of this study is on the sea grape, or Caulerpa lentillifera. The Caulerpa lentillifera plant, which is widely distributed along Sabah's east coast and in the Malacca Strait and is significant economically in Malaysia, was also mentioned. It possesses antibacterial qualities and is found in abundance there. The goal of the innovation project is to create biodegradable plastic from Caulerpa lentillifera and test the anti-microbial capabilities of the plastic. It is anticipated that this novel product will benefit society and have a high likelihood of being commercialized. Due to its remarkable biodegradability, the use of biodegradable plastic has recently become more popular. It is very simple to stretch and can lessen the environmental impact because it does not release carbon dioxide. Additionally, it does not produce a lot of hazardous emissions and has the potential to biodegrade into a natural component that blends into the soil. Additionally, biodegradable packaging has found use in several industries such as consumer goods and medical technology. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations, particularly SDG 14 which focuses on the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, are also in line with this unique idea.

The training of trainer service activities to increase the learning competence of adults or the elderly through modular instruction is motivated by a team of trainers who do not yet have experience as instructors or teachers, especially in the implementation of adult learning, including andragogy skills; (2) communication; (3) mastery of the material and class management. The training of trainers was held in the auditorium of Cokroaminoto University, Yogyakarta for one day. The purpose of the training of trainers is to improve the learning competence of adults or the elderly, before the trainers are deployed to the field, in this case the Sabilunnajah Islamic Boarding School, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The competencies in question are andragogic competencies or adult teaching skills, communication skills in implementing learning and classroom mastery and management abilities. The results of the training of trainers to increase the learning competence of adults or the elderly through modular instruction can be seen that: (1) the participants' andragogical skills on average are much better than before the training. Most of the participants had adult teaching skills which included indicators of understanding of older students, designing lesson plans, conducting learning evaluations, strategies for developing older students to actualize their various potentials. communication skills in the implementation of learning in general have been achieved more optimally including mastery or selection of sentences or words, ability to explain material, and voice intonation. (3) in general the mastery of the material is quite better, the participants are able to give instructions and the stages of delivering the material. The trainees understand the technical management of the class.

This study introduced a D-optimal design mixture to assess the physicochemical properties of a hydrocolloid-based functional food fortified with C. lentillifera. The combination incorporated vital jelly constituents, including extract (10–15%), sweeteners (20–29%), gelling agents (k-carrageenan and locust bean gum (LBG)), and preservatives (0–0.05%). The dependent variables were pH, Total Soluble Solid (TSS) value, and moisture content (MS). By employing the D-optimal design approach, a quadratic polynomial model was developed, demonstrating strong correlations with the experimental data with coefficient determinations (R2) of 0.9941, 0.9907, and 0.9989 for pH, TSS, and MS, respectively. Based on the D-optimal design, the study identified the optimum combination of significant factors with a desirability of 0.917, comprising 14.35% extract, 23.00% sucrose, 21.70% fructose, 26.00% k-carrageenan, 13.00% LBG, 1.95% CaCl2, and 0% methylparaben. The percentage of residual standard error (RSE) was less than 5%, indicating the reliability of the developed model. Furthermore, color analysis revealed significant differences among the jellies (p < 0.05). HPLC analysis demonstrated that the total sugar content in the fortified jellies was 28% lower compared to commercial jelly. Meanwhile, the bitterness level according to e-tongue showed a reduction of up to 90.5% when compared to the extract. These findings provide a valuable benchmark for the development of functional food products, ensuring their quality, safety, and extended shelf-life.

The constant demand for synthetic plastics has led to the accumulation of plastic waste in nature due to its non-biodegradable attributes. In this study, the properties of pectin as biodegradable bioplastic were enhanced using Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a plasticiser with concentrations of citric acid as a crosslinker that was ranged from 1% to 4%. The physical characteristic and mechanical properties of bioplastics were determined using the thickness test and the tensile test. The sample with 3% citric acid showed the highest thickness value (0.25±0.01 mm). The results showed that the increase in the concentration of citric acid increased the film’s flexibility, thereby influencing the properties of the bioplastic film obtained. The highest citric acid concentration at 4% showed the highest flexibility with 29.02±2.99 MPa, 2.73±0.38% and 10.14±0.88 MPa for tensile strain, tensile stress and Young’s Modulus values, respectively. The presence of peak OH, C=O and C-O from Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy outlined the formation and showed the interactions between the pectin, DES and citric acid in the bioplastic that was produced. In conclusion, the properties of bioplastic/pectin/DES were altered with the different concentrations of citric acid either as a crosslinker or as a plasticiser to become a new green alternative to synthetic plastics.

Bio-oil includes significant levels of oxygenate molecules, which might induce component instability and reduce its physicochemical qualities. To counteract this, the component must undergo a hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction. Due to the presence of acidic active sites, zeolites have been shown to have high hydrogenation and deoxygenation capabilities. However, natural zeolite has a large number of impurities and low acidity density. Consequently, before being employed as an HDO catalyst, pretreatments such as preparation and activation are required. In this study, the catalyst used was an active natural zeolite whose acidity level varied depending on the Si/Al ratio after dealumination with 3, 5, and 7 M hydrochloric acid, proceeded by calcination with nitrogen gas flow (designated as Z3, Z5, and Z7, respectively). The results showed that dealumination and calcination of zeolite generally caused changes in its physical characteristics and components. The Z5 catalyst showed the best catalytic performance in the HDO process of bio-oil. The higher heating value (HHV) of bio-oil increased from 12 to 18 MJ/kg, the viscosity value doubled, the degree of deoxygenation increased to 77%, and the water content reduced dramatically to about one-third of that of raw bio-oil. Moreover, control compounds, such as carboxylic acids, decreased slightly, but the amount of phenol increased to about twice the content in raw bio-oil.