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From the 1970s, emerging countries embarked on financial liberalization policies with a view to promoting growth. However, these policies can have adverse effects on the stability of banking systems. The central hypothesis of this article is that their impact on the stability of the banking system largely depends on the modalities of liberalization. The analysis focuses on a sample of seventeen emerging countries over the period 1990-2012. The interest of this period is that it allows not only to analyze the causes of these crisis but also to integrate new banking crisis such as those of South-East Asia (1997), Argentina (2001 ) and Turkey (2001) while most of the studies analyzed in the literature are limited to crisis that occurred before 1995. Then, using the logit method, we found that financial liberalization played an important role in explaining banking crisis and that economic growth reduces the probability of suffering a crisis. In addition, at the level of institutional variables, the more contracts are honored, the more the probability of suffering a banking crisis decreases.

تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية إلى دارسة وتحليل موضوع التنويع الاقتصادي وواقعه في الجزائر، وذلك من خلال الالمام بالمفاهيم المتعلقة بالتنويع الاقتصادي والمؤشرات المعتمدة في قياسه، مع التركيز على مؤشر هرفندال-هيرشمان (HHI) خلال الفترة (2010-2019) وتحليل تطور هذا المؤشر وعلاقة ذلك مع معدل نمو الناتج المحلي الإجمالي خلال نفس الفترة، وقصد تحييد أثر قطاع المحروقات ستتم المقارنة كذلك بين مؤشر التنويع الاقتصادي والصناعات خارج المحروقات كالصناعة الغذائية والصناعة الكيميائية. وقد أظهرت الدراسة أن هناك اتجاها نحو التنويع الاقتصادي في الجزائر خلال فترة الدراسة في بعض القطاعات الاقتصادية، غير أنها تبقى غير كافية بالنظر إلى الأهمية الكبيرة التي مازال يؤديها القطاع النفطي.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDIF) on cognitive performance, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and insomnia in physically active and sedentary elderly individuals.MethodsA total of 58 participants (62.93 ± 3.99 years) were assigned to one of the following two groups: a sedentary group (control group) who observed Ramadan (n = 32) and a physically active group (n = 26) who continued to train while observing Ramadan. Participants were assessed 2 weeks before Ramadan and during the fourth week of Ramadan. On each occasion, participants completed a digital assessment of their cognitive performance and responded to the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the insomnia severity index (ISI) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) questionnaires to assess sleep parameters.ResultsCompared to before Ramadan, performance in executive function (p = 0.035), attention (p = 0.005), inhibition (p = 0.02), associative memory (p = 0.041), and recognition memory (p = 0.025) increased significantly during Ramadan in the physically active group. For the sedentary group, associative learning performance decreased (p = 0.041), whilst performances in the remaining domains remained unchanged during Ramadan. Global PSQI, ISI, and ESS scores indicated both groups suffered from poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, with significantly higher negative effects of RDIF observed in the sedentary group.ConclusionOlder adults who continue to train at least three times per week during Ramadan may improve their cognitive performance, despite the impairment of sleep quality. Future studies in older adults during Ramadan including objective measures of sleep (e.g., polysomnography, actigraphy) and brain function (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging) are warranted.

In industry and research areas, the importance of reliable and optimally designed BGA components has remarkably grown. To tackle this challenge, we elaborated an innovative approach that optimizes of the BGA's structure. By adopting the RBDO method, we assess the geometric design variables of the BGA component and determine the optimal variables that promote the structure's efficiency level. Our approach considers technical and economic feasibility, ensuring an optimal design of the BGA solder joints. This work rests upon coupling Ansys and MATLAB software. The current paper reports our investigation's results, highlighting our approach's benefits and potential for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Cord compression and ischemic non‐compressive myelopathy are a complication of spinal Paget's disease (SPD). SPD usually touches a single spine level. We report an unusual case with bilevel spinal cord compression and dysfunction which was medically treated due to resolution of the vascular steal syndrome.

Abstract The aim of our clinical image is to report an unusual retrocrural plasmacytoma relapsing a multiple myeloma.

The sustainable management of loaded adsorbents with organic pollutants represents an important environmental challenge. The current research work investigates the regeneration process optimization of raw orange tree sawdust (ROS) loaded with methylene blue (MB) by using NaCl solutions as eluent. The MB desorption was assessed in static mode under different process variables, notably the desorbing NaCl solution’s pH and concentration and the MB-loaded biomass dose. A full factorial design composed of 24 experiments was employed to apprehend the statistical significance of each followed parameter. Experimental results showed that the maximum desorption yield was estimated to be about 82.4% for the following parameter’s values: aqueous pH $=$ 3, [NaCl] $=$ 0.2 M and MB-loaded-ROS dosage in the desorbing solution $=$ 1 g$\cdot $L$^{-1}$. The statistical study confirmed the good fit of the experimental data with the statistical model used as well as regression and adjusted regression coefficients of about 99.0% and 96.6%, respectively. Moreover, the ranking of the effect of each studied parameter in terms of standardized effect on the desorption efficiency of MB from ROS was assessed through ANOVA test. The desorption mechanisms involved were explored by using multiple analysis techniques. It appears that the MB molecules’ desorption from ROS’s particles is mainly driven by a counter chemisorption process based on cationic exchange with the sodium and hydronium ions present in the desorbing solutions.

Objective: Surgery is the mainstay of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE). The conservative surgery of HCE carries a non-negligible risk of recurrence and significant morbidity, dominated by Deep Surgical Site Infections (DSSI). To address these issues, we have improved and standardized this technique, which could reduce complications and achieve better postoperative outcomes. Patients and methods: We conducted a prospective study from June 2017 to June 2022 involving of patient operated using a standardized open technique for uncomplicated HCE at Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. The aim was to obtain results at least similar to radical management in terms of DSSI. Patients with large cystobiliary fistulas or patients with complicated cysts were excluded. Results: Fifty patients with 106 cysts were operated using the standardized technique comprising of liver mobilization, intraoperative ultrasound, systematic methylene blue injection to detect cystobiliary fistulas and omentoplasty. The median age of the patients was 44(semi-interquartile range: 16) years. The main symptom described by the patient was pain in 43 cases (86%). An abnormal liver test was found in 20 cases (40%). On imaging studies, the cyst had a median size of 7.4(3.0) cm. Cyst of the hepatic dome accounted for 38 cases (35.8%) with most cysts being situated in the right hemi-liver. Visual inspection of the cavity and Methylene blue testing allowed for the discovery of 57 cysts (53.7%) that had cystobiliary fistulas that were sutured. Omentoplasty was performed in 77 cysts (72.6%). Postoperatively, only 2 cases (1.9%) developed a DSSI in the form of an external bile leak with resolved with conservative management. No case of recurrence was found after a median follow-up of 24 months. Conclusion: The standardized conservative surgical technique, in selected patients, shows promise in reducing DSSI rates and overall morbidity, and achieve as equally good result as radical management. Author summary: This study addresses the treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE), a serious health concern in many parts of the world. Surgery has been the mainstay of the management which could be conservative or radical. Conservative surgery has high recurrence rates and complications as opposed to radical surgery. Through a prospective study, we showed that an improved and standardized a surgical technique of the conservative approach could achieve postoperative outcomes as good as the radical management. The standardized approach significantly reduced Deep Surgical Site Infections (DSSI) as well as overall morbidity rates in patients. This was achieved through various adjuncts such as methylene blue test, liver detachment, and omentoplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose an ethical compass to guide the work of HR management in particular tasks where the damage is done to another human being in order to achieve the greatest result. This compass shows the need for organizations to develop responses that protect the well-being of the organization, the victims, and the managers in order to respond to the ethical questions that HRM raises.

ارتبط كثيرا مفهوم الذكاء الاقتصادي بأنظمة المعلومات وحمايتها، وهو بذلك يشكل احدى الادوات المهمة في ادارة وحماية المعلومات في العالم الحديث، وذلك لما اصبحت تشكله عملية الحصول على المعلومات بطريقة غير شرعية من تهديدات امنية، اقتصادية وسياسية على سيادة واستقلالية الدول، ومن هنا فان وجود نظم حماية متطورة ترتكز على انظمة الذكاء الاقتصادي تشكل حاجز وقائي وحمائي يساهم بشكل او باخر في مواجهة التحديات الاقتصادية وحماية الاقتصاد الوطني، ومن هذا المنطلق سنحاول في هذه الورقة التطرق الى اهم العناصر المرتبطة بالذكاء الاقتصادي، انظمة حماية المعلومات، وكيفية مساهمة الذكاء الاقتصادي في حماية المعلومات.

Abstract Trichobezoars are foreign and indigestible materials in the gastrointestinal tract and are usually found in psychiatric females, who often deny eating their own hair, but also at situations of gastric dysmotility and prior gastric surgery. Although rare, gastric trichobezoar should not be forgotten as a differential diagnosis in females presenting with vague epigastric pain. Its treatment well in time will prevent complications.