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: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs ranging from 19 to 25 nucleotides. The miRNA control various cellular functions by negatively regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNA regulation over their target genes has a central role in regulating plant growth and development; however, only a few reports have been published on the function of miRNAs in the family Solanaceae. We identified Solanaceae miRNAs and their target genes by analyzing expressed sequence tag (EST) data from five different Solanaceae species. A comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of EST data of Solanaceae species revealed the presence of at least 11 miRNAs and 54 target genes in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), 22 miRNAs and 221 target genes in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), 12 miRNAs and 417 target genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), 46 miRNAs and 60 target genes in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), and 7 miRNAs and 28 target genes in Nicotiana benthamiana. The identified Solanaceae miRNAs and their target genes were deposited in the SolmiRNA database, which is freely available for academic research only at http://genepool.kribb.re.kr/SolmiRNA. Our data indicate that the Solanaceae family has both conserved and specific miRNAs and that their target genes may play important roles in growth and development of Solanaceae plants. Key words: bioinformatics, expressed sequence tag, microRNA, microRNA target gene, Solanaceae. Les microARN (miARN) constituent une classe de petits ARN monocatenaires et non-codants dont la taille varie entre 19 et 25 nucleotides. Les miARN controlent diverses fonctions cellulaires en regulant neegativement l'expression genique de maniere post-transcriptionnelle. La regulation des genes qui sont la cible des miARN joue un role central dans la regulation de la croissance et du developpement. Peu de travaux ont ete faits a ce jour sur la fonction des miARN au sein de la famille des solanacees. Les auteurs ont identified des miARN chez des solanacees ainsi que les genes qu'ils ciblent en examinant les donneees de type EST provenant de cinq especes de solanacees. Une analyse bioinformatique exhaustive des domwees sur les etiquettes de sequences exprimeees (EST) chez ces solanacees a permis de reveler l'existence d'au moins 11 miARN et 54 genes cibles chez le poivron (Capsicum annuum L.), 22 miARN et 221 genes cibles chez la pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum L.), 12 miARN et 417 genes cibles chez la tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), 46 miARN et 60 genes cibleschez le tabac (Nicotiana tabacum L.) et, finalement, 7 miARN et 28 genes cibleschez le Nicotiana benthamiana. Les miARN et leurs cibles ainsi identifieschez les solanacees ont ete deposes dans une base de donneees, SolmiRNA, qui est accessible gratuitement pour la recherche academique seulement a http://genepool.kribb.re.kr/SolmiRNA. Ces donnees indiquent qu'il existe a la fois des miARN conservesetspeecifiques chez les solanacees et que leurs cibles jouent potentiellement des roles importants dans la croissance et le developpement des solanacees. Mots-cles: bioinformatique, etiquette de sequence exprimeee, microARN, gene cible par un miARN, Solanaceae. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that range in length from 19 to 25 nucleotides (Carrington and Ambros 2003). Primarily, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression [...]

This brief presents a low-power asynchronous 10-bit 2-then-1b/cycle successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). With partial adoption of 2b/cycle mode only for higher-order bit conversions, additional area and power consumption could be minimized while maintaining fast conversion rate. Moreover, unlike the previous 2b/cycle conversion architecture, where two capacitive digital-to-analog converters (C-DACs) and multiple analog comparators are unavoidable, the proposed 2-then-1b/cycle conversion is implemented with only one C-DAC and one analog comparator by utilizing a digital-based time-domain reference. The speed of 1b/cycle conversion for lower-order bits is improved with a dual-mode comparator. With the aforementioned techniques, the prototype 10-bit SAR ADC is fabricated in 65 nm CMOS process. The ADC core occupies an active area of 0.0142 mm2 and consumes power of 3.8 $\boldsymbol{\mu }\text{W}$ at 0.5 V supply voltage and 3 MS/s conversion rate. The SNDR measured at a Nyquist-rate input frequency is 56.41 dB, resulting in a figure of merit (FoM) is 2.33 fJ/c.-s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The genomic structure of a manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene in wheat was elucidated by sequencing a clone from a BAC library of a stripe rust resistant wheat line. [...]

In this paper, we describe parallel dynamic logic (PDL) which exhibits high speed without charge sharing problem. PDL uses only parallel-connected transistors for fast logic evaluation and is a good candidate for high-speed low-voltage operation. It has less back-bias effect compared to other logic styles, which use stacked transistors. Furthermore, PDL needs no signal ordering or tapering. PDL with speed-enhanced skewed static logic renders straightforward logic synthesis without the usual area penalty due to logic duplication. Our experimental results on two 32-bit carry lookahead adders using 0.25-/[micro]m CMOS technology show that PDL with speed-enhanced skewed static (SSS) logic reduces the delay over clock-delayed(CD)-domino by 15%-27% and the power-delay product by 20%-37%. Index Terms--Adder, dynamic logic, low-power, skewed logic.