535 results on '"Ballerini L"'
Search Results
152. On the determination of the total surface area of carbons by the selective adsorption of caffeine from aqueous solutions
- Author
-
Stoeckli, H.F., primary, Fragniere, M., additional, Huguenin, S., additional, Depraz, M., additional, and Ballerini, L., additional
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
153. Anatomical-echocardiographic correlations in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Use of subcostal cross-sectional views
- Author
-
Marino, B., primary, Franceschini, E., additional, Ballerini, L., additional, Marcelletti, C., additional, and Thiene, G., additional
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
154. Palliative Mustard operation: an expanded horizon
- Author
-
CORNO, A, primary, PARISI, F, additional, MARINO, B, additional, BALLERINI, L, additional, and MARCELLETTI, C, additional
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
155. On the evolution of micropore widths and areas in the course of activation
- Author
-
Stoeckli, H.F., primary, Ballerini, L., additional, and De Bernardini, S., additional
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
156. Diagnosis of right ventricular outflow obstruction in infants by cross sectional echocardiography.
- Author
-
Marino, B, primary, Marcelletti, C, additional, and Ballerini, L, additional
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
157. A fractal approach to predict fat content in meat images
- Author
-
Ballerini, L., primary and Bocchi, L., additional
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
158. Temporal matched filters for integration of ocular fundus images
- Author
-
Ballerini, L., primary
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
159. An automatic system for the analysis of vascular lesions in retinal images
- Author
-
Ballerini, L., primary
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
160. Application of Doppler ultrasound to the study of intimal hyperplasia development
- Author
-
Grigioni, M., primary, Daniele, C., additional, D'Avenio, G., additional, Formigari, R., additional, Ballerini, L., additional, and Barbaro, V., additional
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
161. Testing MRI and image analysis techniques for fat quantification in meat science
- Author
-
Ballerini, L., primary, Hogberg, A., additional, Borgefors, G., additional, Bylund, A.-C., additional, Lindgard, A., additional, Lundstrom, K., additional, Rakotonirainy, O., additional, and Soussi, B., additional
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
162. Stent implantation for post-Mustard systemic venous obstruction.
- Author
-
Santoro, G, Ballerini, L, Bialkowski, J, and Bermùdez-Canete, R
- Abstract
In this paper, we report on the use of stents in the treatment of late-onset post-Mustard systemic venous obstruction in three patients with clinical signs of obstructive caval syndrome. After unsuccessful balloon dilation, Palmaz-Schatz stents were implanted at the veno-atrial junction. Further dilation has been achieved using high-pressure balloons. Vessel diameter increased from 4.4+/-1.8 to 13+/-1.7 mm (P < 0.05) and the trans-stenotic pressure gradient dropped from 8+/-6 to 0 mmHg (P < 0.01), with clinical improvement. After 26+/-4 months of non-invasive follow-up, no signs of recurrent stenosis were observed. Stent implantation is effective in the treatment of systemic venous obstruction after Mustard operation.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
163. Diagnosis of right ventricular outflow obstruction in infants by cross sectional echocardiography.
- Author
-
Marino, B, Marcelletti, C, and Ballerini, L
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
164. An automatic system for the analysis of vascular lesions in retinal images.
- Author
-
Ballerini, L.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
165. Application of Doppler ultrasound to the study of intimal hyperplasia development.
- Author
-
Grigioni, M., Daniele, C., D'Avenio, G., Formigari, R., Ballerini, L., and Barbaro, V.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
166. Temporal matched filters for integration of ocular fundus images.
- Author
-
Ballerini, L.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
167. ET~A/ET~B Receptor Antagonist Bosentan Inhibits Neointimal Development in Collared Carotid Arteries of Rabbits
- Author
-
Marano, G., Palazzesi, S., Bernucci, P., Grigioni, M., Formigari, R., and Ballerini, L.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
168. The Effectiveness of NIV and CPAP Training on the Job in COVID-19 Acute Care Wards: A Nurses’ Self-Assessment of Skills
- Author
-
Stefano Bambi, Eustachio Parente, Yari Bardacci, Samuele Baldassini Rodriguez, Carolina Forciniti, Lorenzo Ballerini, Christian Caruso, Khadija El Aoufy, Marta Poggianti, Antonio Bonacaro, Roberto Rona, Laura Rasero, Alberto Lucchini, Bambi, S, Parente, E, Bardacci, Y, Baldassini Rodriguez, S, Forciniti, C, Ballerini, L, Caruso, C, El Aoufy, K, Poggianti, M, Bonacaro, A, Rona, R, Rasero, L, and Lucchini, A
- Subjects
general ward ,education ,CPAP ,noninvasive ventilation ,COVID-19 ,nurses ,nurse ,General Nursing - Abstract
Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in COVID-19 patients outside of intensive care unit (ICU) settings was a feasible support during the pandemic outbreak. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an “on the job” NIV training program provided to 66 nurses working in 3 COVID-19 wards in an Italian university hospital. Methods: A quasi-experimental longitudinal before–after study was designed. The NIV Team education program, provided by expert ICU nurses, included: 3 h sessions of training on the job during work-shifts about the management of helmet-continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Venturi systems, and NIV with oronasal and full-face masks. An eleven-item “brief skills self-report tool” was administered before and after the program to explore the perception of NIV education program attendees about their level of skills. Results: In total, 59 nurses responded to the questionnaire. There was an improvement in the skill levels of the management of Helmet-CPAP (median before training 2, inter-quartile range (IQR) 0–6; median after training 8, IQR 3–9; p < 0.0001), and mask-NIV (median before training 2, IQR 0–6; median after training 8, IQR 3–9; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Training on the job performed by expert ICU nurses can be a valuable and fast means to implement new Helmet-CPAP and mask-NIV skills outside of ICUs.
- Published
- 2022
169. Cerebral small vessel disease burden and longitudinal cognitive decline from age 73 to 82: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
- Author
-
David C. Page, Alan J. Gow, Ian J. Deary, Olivia K.L. Hamilton, M. del C. Valdés-Hernández, Paul Redmond, Simon R. Cox, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Adele M. Taylor, Lucia Ballerini, Janie Corley, Mark E. Bastin, S. Muñoz Maniega, F. Conte, Judith A. Okely, Hamilton, O, Cox, S, Okely, J, Conte, F, Ballerini, L, Bastin, M, Corley, J, Taylor, A, Page, D, Gow, A, Munoz Maniega, S, Redmond, P, Valdes-Hernandez, M, Wardlaw, J, and Deary, I
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Context (language use) ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Disease ,Predictive markers ,M-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICA ,Article ,Learning and memory ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Memory ,Covariate ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Cognitive decline ,Child ,Association (psychology) ,Biological Psychiatry ,Disease burden ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,030104 developmental biology ,Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases ,Female ,Verbal memory ,business ,Birth cohort ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Demography ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Slowed processing speed is considered a hallmark feature of cognitive decline in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD); however, it is unclear whether SVD’s association with slowed processing might be due to its association with overall declining general cognitive ability. We quantified the total MRI-visible SVD burden of 540 members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (age: 72.6 ± 0.7 years; 47% female). Using latent growth curve modelling, we tested associations between total SVD burden at mean age 73 and changes in general cognitive ability, processing speed, verbal memory and visuospatial ability, measured at age 73, 76, 79 and 82. Covariates included age, sex, vascular risk and childhood cognitive ability. In the fully adjusted models, greater SVD burden was associated with greater declines in general cognitive ability (standardised β: −0.201; 95% CI: [−0.36, −0.04]; pFDR = 0.022) and processing speed (−0.222; [−0.40, −0.04]; pFDR = 0.022). SVD burden accounted for between 4 and 5% of variance in declines of general cognitive ability and processing speed. After accounting for the covariance between tests of processing speed and general cognitive ability, only SVD’s association with greater decline in general cognitive ability remained significant, prior to FDR correction (−0.222; [−0.39, −0.06]; p = 0.008; pFDR = 0.085). Our findings do not support the notion that SVD has a specific association with declining processing speed, independent of decline in general cognitive ability (which captures the variance shared across domains of cognitive ability). The association between SVD burden and declining general cognitive ability supports the notion of SVD as a diffuse, whole-brain disease and suggests that trials monitoring SVD-related cognitive changes should consider domain-specific changes in the context of overall, general cognitive decline.
- Published
- 2021
170. F.1 - A Simple Algorithm for Automatic Alignment of Ocular Fundus Images
- Author
-
Ballerini, L., Coppini, G., Giacomelli, G., and Valli, G.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
171. Functional rewiring across spinal injuries via biomimetic nanofiber scaffolds
- Author
-
Pedro Ramos Cabrer, Denis Scaini, Raffaele Casani, Ander Egimendia, Sadaf Usmani, Maurizio Prato, Manuela Scarselli, Emily R. Aurand, Laura Ballerini, Daniel Padro, Manuela Medelin, Maurizio De Crescenzi, Audrey Franceschi Biagioni, Usmani, S., Biagioni, A. F., Medelin, M., Scaini, D., Casani, R., Aurand, E. R., Padro, D., Egimendia, A., Cabrer, P. R., Scarselli, M., De Crescenzi, M., Prato, M., and Ballerini, L.
- Subjects
Partially successful ,Scaffold ,biomedical engineering ,carbon-based nanomaterials ,spinal cord lesion ,Wistar ,Electron ,Motor function ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,Carbon-based nanomaterial ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Biomimetic Materials ,Animals ,Nanotechnology ,Scanning ,Regenerating fibers ,Spinal Injurie ,Rats, Wistar ,030304 developmental biology ,Biomedical engineering ,Carbon-based nanomaterials ,Spinal cord lesion ,Female ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Rats ,Spinal Injuries ,Tissue Scaffolds ,Microscopy ,0303 health sciences ,Settore FIS/03 ,Multidisciplinary ,Animal ,Chemistry ,Regeneration (biology) ,Motor control ,Biological Sciences ,Applied Physical Sciences ,Biophysics and Computational Biology ,Nanofiber ,Physical Sciences ,Rat ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Lesion site ,Biomimetic Material - Abstract
Significance Nanotechnology and neurobiology combined efforts might succeed in the design of hybrid microsystems that, once functionally integrated into the nervous tissue, might help in healing the injured spinal cord. A substantial challenge in this area is the development of structural scaffolds favoring spinal cord reconstruction. The future success of such smart devices resides also in the use of nanomaterials exploiting spinal microenvironment physical properties, such as mechanical and electrical ones, and their potential in promoting axonal regeneration. We synthesized an artificial scaffold based on nanomaterials with the necessary characteristics to guide axonal rewiring. The translational potential of introducing physics rules to neural tissue repair strategies was tested by implanting such a scaffold in spinal cord injury animal models., The regrowth of severed axons is fundamental to reestablish motor control after spinal-cord injury (SCI). Ongoing efforts to promote axonal regeneration after SCI have involved multiple strategies that have been only partially successful. Our study introduces an artificial carbon-nanotube based scaffold that, once implanted in SCI rats, improves motor function recovery. Confocal microscopy analysis plus fiber tracking by magnetic resonance imaging and neurotracer labeling of long-distance corticospinal axons suggest that recovery might be partly attributable to successful crossing of the lesion site by regenerating fibers. Since manipulating SCI microenvironment properties, such as mechanical and electrical ones, may promote biological responses, we propose this artificial scaffold as a prototype to exploit the physics governing spinal regenerative plasticity.
- Published
- 2020
172. Cass., sez. un., 31 marzo 2021, n. 9006 Provvedimento estero di adozione piena ad una coppia omogenitoriale maschile e ordine pubblico internazionale
- Author
-
Venuti, MC, Granelli, C, Madonna, M, Ballerini, L, Bargelli, E, Irti, C, Venuti, MC, Frenda, DM, Bacciardi, E, Tuccari, E, Tescaro, M, Pertot, T, Mazzariol, R, Paladini, M, Coppini, P, Achille, D, Renna, M, Stefini, U, Regazzoni, L, Pesce, E, Pellegrini, T, Dellacasa, M, Lucchini Guastalla, E, Piraino, F, Stella G, Azzarri, F, Imbruglia, D, De Cristofaro, G, Benedetti, AM, Balestra, L, Troiano, S, Ducange, L, Sirena, P, Ponzanelli, G, Buonanno, L, Nocera, IL, and Landi, R
- Subjects
riconoscimento ,ordine pubblico internazionale ,Adozione piena straniera ,omogenitorialità maschile ,Settore IUS/01 - Diritto Privato - Abstract
Il saggio analizza la questione della riconoscibilità nell'ordinamento italiano di un provvedimento estero di adozione piena ad una coppia omogenitoriale maschile e, in particolare, le considerazioni della S.C. in relazione alla individuazione degli elementi che compongono il parametro dell'ordine pubblico internazionale
- Published
- 2022
173. La prova di adempimento o inadempimento
- Author
-
Modica, L., Maggiolo, M, Ballerini, L, Bevivino, G, Caggiano, I, Ceolin, M, Follieri, L, Malvagna, U, Mezzanotte, F, Modica, L., Nonne, L, and Riva, I
- Subjects
Settore IUS/01 - Diritto Privato ,onere della prova, inadempimento, responsabilità, contrattuale, vicinanza della prova - Abstract
La scelta di affrontare il tema della responsabilità da inadempimento nella prospettiva del giudizio civile e dall’angolo visuale del regime probatorio, si colloca entro la celebre tradizione dottrinale che dell’obbligazione coglie la connessione forse inscindibile con il processo; e nel contempo rende inevitabile che i lavori raccolti all’interno dell’opera abbiamo tutti un’unica impronta metodologica. L’impronta nasce dalla inevitabile esigenza di raffrontare l’esperienza giurisprudenziale, all’interno della quale si svolge per intero la fase istruttoria e quindi la raccolta di prove, precostituite e no, con i principi che presiedono da un lato la prova, e dall’altro lato il sistema della responsabilità da inadempimento. Sulla base di questa impronta metodologica vengono così trattati i temi della prova (documentale e per testi) rispettivamente del credito volontario e del credito involontario; della prova di adempimento o inadempimento (anche nella prospettiva delle azioni sociali di responsabilità); della prova riferita ai casi di impossibilità liberatoria; della prova del danno (emergente e lucro cessante) e delle interferenze con la sua possibile liquidazione equitativa; ancora, dell’attività probatoria richiesta in funzione di quanto previsto in materia di inadempimento colposo e doloso (e quindi di danno prevedibile e imprevedibile), di fatto colposo del creditore e di evitabilità del danno. Il volume si chiude infine con la necessaria trattazione del tema della prova nel giudizio sulla causalità giuridica.
- Published
- 2022
174. Prassi statutaria e crisi della democrazia nei partiti politici
- Author
-
Iorio, G, Prosperi, F, D'Amico, G, Femia, P, Episcopo, F, Alpini, A, Pedrini, F, Piraino, F, Caterini, E, Caccavale, C, Perriello, L.C, Nonne, L, Barba, V, Gorgoni, A, Cordiano, A, Iorio, G, Carapezza Figlia, G, Bartolini, F e Patti, F.P, Albanese, R.A, Nervi, A, De Mauro, A, Quadri, R, Follieri, L, Tatarano, M, Vercellone, A, Calvo, R, Boiti, C, Monticelli, S, Sitzia, L, Dalla Massara, T, Achille, D, D'Andrea, S, Garofalo, A.M: Martone, I, Sirena, P, Damiani, E, Maisto, F, Ballerini, L, Delfini, F, Buset, G, Cicero, C, Bertolini, A, Bellisario, E, Izzo, U, Mezzanotte, F, Malomo, A, Grondona, M, Perlingieri, P, Mantucci, D, Perlingieri, G, D'Ambrosio, M, and Zicchittu, P
- Subjects
partiti politici, statuti, democrazia interna ,IUS/01 - DIRITTO PRIVATO ,partiti politici, regole di democrazia, prassi statutaria - Abstract
Il contributo intende affrontare la prassi statutaria dei più recenti partiti politici, al fine di evidenziare la "crisi" della democrazia interna delle organizzazioni politiche. Ciò, almeno, sotto un duplica aspetto. Da un lato sono codificate regole che attribuiscono ampi poteri a pochi soggetti. Dall'altro, vi è la tendenza a superare le regole statutarie, privilegiando le scelte e ed i diktat di coloro che guidano il partito politico. Nella parte finale del contributo si dialoga con il futuro legislatore al fine di individuare alcune linee guida per una disciplina organica dei partiti politici.
- Published
- 2021
175. Tuning Neuronal Circuit Formation in 3D Polymeric Scaffolds by Introducing Graphene at the Bio/Material Interface
- Author
-
Rossana Rauti, Ester Vázquez, Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino, Maurizio Prato, Nicola Secomandi, Cristina Martín, Laura Ballerini, Susanna Bosi, Denis Scaini, Rauti, R., Secomandi, N., Martin, C., Bosi, S., Severino, F. P. U., Scaini, D., Prato, M., Vazquez, E., and Ballerini, L.
- Subjects
Materials science ,Synchronization networks ,Biomedical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Network topology ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,law.invention ,Biomaterials ,Synapse ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bursting ,neuronal maturation ,Live cell imaging ,law ,hippocampal network ,Animals ,GABAergic Neurons ,Rats, Wistar ,Cells, Cultured ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Tissue Scaffolds ,Graphene ,graphene ,3D-scaffolds ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Network dynamics ,Rats ,Interfacing ,Graphite ,3D-scaffold ,Nerve Net ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
2D cultures are useful platforms allowing studies of the fundamental mechanisms governing neuron and synapse functions. Yet, such models are limited when exploring changes in network dynamics due to 3D-space topologies. 3D platforms fill this gap and favor investigating topologies closer to the real brain organization. Graphene, an atom-thick layer of carbon, possesses remarkable properties and since its discovery is considered a highly promising material in neuroscience developments. Here, elastomeric 3D platforms endowed with graphene cues are exploited to modulate neuronal circuits when interfaced to graphene in 3D topology. Ex vivo neuronal networks are successfully reconstructed within 3D scaffolds, with and without graphene, characterized by comparable size and morphology. By confocal microscopy and live imaging, the 3D architecture of synaptic networks is documented to sustain a high rate of bursting in 3D scaffolds, an activity further increased by graphene interfacing. Changes are reported in the excitation/inhibition ratio, potentially following 3D-graphene interfacing. A hypothesis is thus proposed, where the combination of synapse formation under 3D architecture and graphene interfaces affects the maturation of GABAergic inhibition. This will tune the balance between hyperpolarizing and depolarizing responses, potentially contributing to network synchronization in the absence of changes in GABAergic phenotype expression.
- Published
- 2020
176. Interneurons transiently express the ERG K+ channels during development of mouse spinal networks in vitro
- Author
-
Furlan, F., Guasti, L., Avossa, D., Becchetti, A., Cilia, E., Ballerini, L., and Arcangeli, A.
- Subjects
- *
IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY , *IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE , *NEURONS , *POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
Abstract: During spinal cord maturation neuronal excitability gradually differentiates to meet different functional demands. Spontaneous activity, appearing early during spinal development, is regulated by the expression pattern of ion channels in individual neurons. While emerging excitability of embryonic motoneurons has been widely investigated, little is known about that of spinal interneurons. Voltage-dependent K+ channels are a heterogeneous class of ion channels that accomplish several functions. Recently voltage-dependent K+ channels encoded by erg subfamily genes (ERG channels) were shown to modulate excitability in immature neurons of mouse and quail. We investigated the expression of ERG channels in immature spinal interneurons, using organotypic embryonic cultures of mouse spinal cord after 1 and 2 weeks of development in vitro. We report here that all the genes of the erg family known so far (erg1a, erg1b, erg2, erg3) are expressed in embryonic spinal cultures. We demonstrate for the first time that three ERG proteins (ERG1A, ERG2 and ERG3) are co-expressed in the same neuronal population, and display a spatio-temporal distribution in the spinal slices. ERG immuno-positive cells, representing mainly GABAergic interneurons, were present in large numbers at early stages of development, while declining later, with a ventral to dorsal gradient. Patch clamp recordings confirmed these data, showing that ventral interneurons expressed functional ERG currents only transiently. Similar expression of the erg genes was observed at comparable ages in vivo. The role of ERG currents in regulating neuronal excitability during the earliest phases of spinal circuitry development will be examined in future studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
177. L'azzeramento dell'assegno di mantenimento, nella separazione giudiziale, per assenza di comunione spirituale e materiale
- Author
-
Iorio, G, Bachelet, V, Fusaro, A, ilotti, E, Donadio, G., Iorio, G, Balestra, L., Grondona, M., Mattioni, M., Patti, F.P., Vizzoni, L, Barba, V., Favilli, C., Ballerini, L., Achille, D., Venturelli, A., Schiavone, G., Mezzanotte, F., Quarta, A., Vercellone, A., D'Adda, A., Dellacasa, M., Azzarri, F., Imbruglia, D., Pesce, E., Dalmartello, A., Faccioli, M., Castronovo, F., Paladini, M., Bartolini, F., Piraino, F., Stella, G., Tescaro, M., Gorgoni, A., Campagna, M. F., Scola, S., and Granelli, C
- Subjects
Matrimonio, separazione, mantenimento, comunione spirituale e materiale ,IUS/01 - DIRITTO PRIVATO - Abstract
Il contributo intende evidenziare come non siano sussistenti i presupposti per il riconoscimento del diritto al mantenimento, nella separazione giudiziale, qualora non si riscontri l'esistenza della comunione materiale e spirituale fra i coniugi
- Published
- 2019
178. Graphene oxide flakes tune excitatory neurotransmission in vivo by targeting hippocampal synapses
- Author
-
Leon Newman, Maurizio Prato, Rossana Rauti, Giacomo Reina, Alberto Bianco, Laura Ballerini, Kostas Kostarelos, Manuela Medelin, Sandra Vranic, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, University of Manchester [Manchester], Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique (I2CT), Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biomateriales (CIC biomaGUNE), Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Clauss, Isabelle, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunologie et chimie thérapeutiques (ICT), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Trieste, Nanomedicine Laboratory, University College of London [London] (UCL), Università degli studi di Trieste, Rauti, R., Medelin, M., Newman, L., Vranic, S., Reina, G., Bianco, A., Prato, M., Kostarelos, K., and Ballerini, L.
- Subjects
Nanostructure ,Quantum Dot ,Wistar ,[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Hippocampal formation ,Hippocampus ,Synaptic Transmission ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,glutamate ,Graphene ,hippocampal network ,quantum dots ,synapses ,Animals ,Animals, Newborn ,Excitatory Amino Acid Agents ,Glutamic Acid ,Graphite ,Humans ,Nanostructures ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,Neurons ,Primary Cell Culture ,Quantum Dots ,Rats ,Rats, Wistar ,Synapses ,General Materials Science ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Chemistry ,Glutamate receptor ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Synapse ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Excitatory postsynaptic potential ,0210 nano-technology ,Human ,Excitatory Amino Acid Agent ,[CHIM.THER] Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry ,Central nervous system ,Bioengineering ,Neurotransmission ,Glutamatergic ,Hippocampu ,Biological neural network ,medicine ,Viability assay ,Neurodegenerative Disease ,Animal ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Neuron ,Newborn ,Rat ,Neuroscience - Abstract
International audience; Synapses compute and transmit information to connect neural circuits and are at the basis of brain operations. Alterations in their function contribute to a vast range of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and synapse-based therapeutic intervention, such as selective inhibition of synaptic transmission, may significantly help against serious pathologies. Graphene is a two-dimensional nanomaterial largely exploited in multiple domains of science and technology, including biomedical applications. In hippocampal neurons in culture, small graphene oxide nanosheets (s-GO) selectively depress glutamatergic activity without altering cell viability. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and growing evidence suggests its involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we demonstrate that s-GO directly targets the release of presynaptic vesicle. We propose that s-GO flakes reduce the availability of transmitter, via promoting its fast release and subsequent depletion, leading to a decline ofglutamatergic neurotransmission. We injected s-GO in the hippocampus in vivo, and 48 h after surgery ex vivo patch-clamp recordings from brain slices show a significant reduction in glutamatergic synaptic activity in respect to saline injections.
- Published
- 2019
179. Chemically cross-linked carbon nanotube films engineered to control neuronal signaling
- Author
-
Laura Ballerini, Rossana Rauti, Maurizio Prato, Myriam Barrejón, Barrejon, M., Rauti, R., Ballerini, L., and Prato, M.
- Subjects
Materials science ,neuronal behavior ,Biocompatibility ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,01 natural sciences ,Nanocomposites ,Neural tissue engineering ,law.invention ,synaptic activity ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,Premovement neuronal activity ,General Materials Science ,functionalization degree ,Neurons ,Tissue Engineering ,single-walled carbon nanotube ,Nanotubes, Carbon ,Electric Conductivity ,General Engineering ,Chemical modification ,Cell Differentiation ,Adhesion ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,cross-linking ,Synaptic signaling ,Neuron ,0210 nano-technology ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
In recent years, the use of free-standing carbon nanotube (CNT) films for neural tissue engineering has attracted tremendous attention. CNT films show large surface area and high electrical conductivity that combined with flexibility and biocompatibility may promote neuron growth and differentiation while stimulating neural activity. In addition, adhesion, survival, and growth of neurons can be modulated through chemical modification of CNTs. Axonal and synaptic signaling can also be positively tuned by these materials. Here we describe the ability of free-standing CNT films to influence neuronal activity. We demonstrate that the degree of cross-linking between the CNTs has a strong impact on the electrical conductivity of the substrate, which, in turn, regulates neural circuit outputs.
- Published
- 2019
180. Properties and behavior of carbon nanomaterials when interfacing neuronal cells: How far have we come?
- Author
-
Susanna Bosi, Rossana Rauti, Maurizio Prato, Mattia Musto, Laura Ballerini, Rauti, R., Musto, M., Bosi, S., Prato, M., and Ballerini, L.
- Subjects
Materials science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,carbon materials ,nan ,neuronal cells ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Nanomaterials ,neuroscience ,law ,Nano ,carbon material ,neural interfaces ,General Materials Science ,Electrical conductor ,nanomaterials ,Graphene ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Coupling (electronics) ,chemistry ,Interfacing ,carbon based nanomaterials ,0210 nano-technology ,Carbon - Abstract
In the last two decades, an increasing amount of studies have investigated the use of components based on carbon-(nano) materials in the engineering of neural interfaces, to improve the performance of current state of the art devices. Carbon is an extremely versatile element, characterized by a variety of allotropes and structures with different properties due to their sp, sp(2) or sp(3) hybridization. Among the diverse carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes and graphene are naturally excellent electrical conductors, thus representing ideal candidates for interfacing electrical-excitable tissues. In addition, their dimensional range holds the potential to enhance the material interactions with bio-systems. Successful interfacing of the nervous system with devices that record or modulate neuronal electrical activity requires their stable electrical coupling with neurons. The efficiency of this coupling can be improved significantly by the use of conductive, ad hoc designed, nanomaterials. Here we review different carbon-based nanomaterials currently under investigation in basic and applied neuroscience, and the recent developments in this research field, with a special focus on in vitro studies. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
181. Comparison of three different atrial septal defect occlusion devices.
- Author
-
Formigari, Roberto, Santoro, Giuseppe, Rossetti, Lucia, Rinelli, Gabriele, Guccione, Paolo, Ballerini, Luigi, Formigari, R, Santoro, G, Rossetti, L, Rinelli, G, Guccione, P, and Ballerini, L
- Subjects
- *
ATRIAL septal defect treatment - Abstract
Three different devices were used to close secundum-type atrial septal defects in 28 patients. The "Amplatzer" is associated with an easier and shorter procedure than are the "Sideris Buttoned Device" and the Microvena "Angel Wings" devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
182. Sculpting neurotransmission during synaptic development by 2D nanostructured interfaces
- Author
-
Laura Ballerini, Maurizio Prato, Niccolò Paolo Pampaloni, Fabio Perissinotto, Denis Scaini, Susanna Bosi, Pampaloni, N. P., Scaini, D., Perissinotto, F., Bosi, S., Prato, M., and Ballerini, L.
- Subjects
Materials science ,Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,Neurotransmission ,Cholesterol ,Nanostructured materials ,Patch clamp ,Synaptic release ,Vesicle pools ,010402 general chemistry ,Hippocampus ,Synaptic Transmission ,01 natural sciences ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,Nanomaterials ,law.invention ,Synapse ,law ,Animals ,General Materials Science ,Lipid bilayer ,Cells, Cultured ,Cultured neuronal network ,Neurons ,Bioelectronics ,Tissue Scaffolds ,Nanotubes, Carbon ,Biological membrane ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Nanostructures ,Rats ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nanostructured material ,Animals, Newborn ,Synapses ,Molecular Medicine ,Neural Networks, Computer ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Carbon nanotube-based biomaterials critically contribute to the design of many prosthetic devices, with a particular impact in the development of bioelectronics components for novel neural interfaces. These nanomaterials combine excellent physical and chemical properties with peculiar nanostructured topography, thought to be crucial to their integration with neural tissue as long-term implants. The junction between carbon nanotubes and neural tissue can be particularly worthy of scientific attention and has been reported to significantly impact synapse construction in cultured neuronal networks. In this framework, the interaction of 2D carbon nanotube platforms with biological membranes is of paramount importance. Here we study carbon nanotube ability to interfere with lipid membrane structure and dynamics in cultured hippocampal neurons. While excluding that carbon nanotubes alter the homeostasis of neuronal membrane lipids, in particular cholesterol, we document in aged cultures an unprecedented functional integration between carbon nanotubes and the physiological maturation of the synaptic circuits.
- Published
- 2018
183. Successful Regrowth of Retinal Neurons When Cultured Interfaced to Carbon Nanotube Platforms
- Author
-
Rossana Rauti, Sergio Gandolfi, Laura Ballerini, S. La Monica, Maurizio Prato, Susanna Bosi, Denis Scaini, Giada Cellot, Cellot, G., La Monica, S., Scaini, D., Rauti, R., Bosi, S., Prato, M., Gandolfi, Sergio, and Ballerini, L.
- Subjects
Patch-Clamp ,HRG Cell ,Materials science ,cultured retinal ganglion cells ,Biomedical Engineering ,implants ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Nanotechnology ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Carbon nanotube ,010402 general chemistry ,HRG Cells ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,01 natural sciences ,patch clamp ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,neural interfaces ,General Materials Science ,Patch clamp ,MWCNTs ,retinal ganglion cell ,Retinal-Neurons ,Materials Science (all) ,3003 ,Chromatography ,carbon nanotubes ,MWCNT ,Retinal ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,retinal ganglion cell, human retina, implants, carbon nanotubes, patch clamp, neural interfaces, cultured retinal ganglion cells ,chemistry ,human retina ,Retinal-Neuron ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
A shared dream of ophthalmologists, neurologists and bioengineers is to recover sight ability in diseased eyes via coupling retinal cells with artificial devices. In the engineering of ophto-prosthetic devices the material directly exposed to the biological milieu is crucial, it has to guarantee tight contacts between retinal neurons and the interface, while assuring cell survival with physiological network development. Carbon nanotubes have been applied in several areas of nerve tissue engineering and are emerging as a promising material for neuro-interfacing applications, given their outstanding physical properties. In the current work we have tested carbon nanotube ability to interface cultured murine and human retinal neurons. We cultured rat retinal neurons on carbon nanotube substrates and described their morphology and synaptic functions via immunofluorescence microscopy and patch-clamp recordings. In a second set of experiments, we explored viability and morphology of human retinal ganglion cells (RGC) when grown on carbon nanotube substrates. We show here carbon nanotube ability to sustain the proper development of rat neurons and, more importantly, of human RGCs. In addition, patch-clamp recordings on rat retinal cells were functional to demonstrate that carbon nanotubes do not perturb the physiological synaptic activity when compared to controls. This result, strengthen by the shown biocompatibility with human cells and the nanotube well described high electrical conductivity, makes these nanomaterials promising candidates to interface, stimulate or record eye nerve cells.
- Published
- 2017
184. Late follow-up of occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus with the Rashkind device with emphasis on long-term efficacy and risk for infections.
- Author
-
Formigari, Roberto, Toscano, Alessandra, Herraiz, Ignacio, Bialkowski, Jacek, Donti, Andrea, Picchio, Fernando M., Bermudez-Cañete, Ramon, Ballerini, Luigi, Formigari, R, Toscano, A, Herraiz, I, Bialkowski, J, Donti, A, Picchio, F M, Bermudez-Cañete, R, and Ballerini, L
- Subjects
- *
PATENT ductus arteriosus , *ARTERIAL occlusions - Abstract
Presents a late follow-up study of occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus with the rashkind device with emphasis on long-term efficacy and risk for infections. Kaplan-Meier estimate for residual shunt; Residual leak through the prosthesis; Reappearance of the shunt after a successful occlusion.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
185. Interneurons transiently express the ERG K+ channels during development of mouse spinal networks in vitro
- Author
-
Emanuele Cilia, Francesco Furlan, Leonardo Guasti, Daniela Avossa, Laura Ballerini, Annarosa Arcangeli, Andrea Becchetti, Furlan, F, Guasti, L, Avossa, D, Becchetti, A, Cilia, E, Ballerini, L, and Arcangeli, A
- Subjects
Nervous system ,Patch-Clamp Techniques ,genetic structures ,Interneuron ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Biology ,Mice ,Organ Culture Techniques ,Interneurons ,BIO/09 - FISIOLOGIA ,medicine ,Animals ,Protein Isoforms ,Patch clamp ,In Situ Hybridization ,Ion channel ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,General Neuroscience ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Embryo, Mammalian ,Spinal cord ,Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ,Electrophysiology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spinal Cord ,nervous system ,organotypic culture, locomotor network, immunocytochemistry, patch-clamp, RNase protection assay ,GABAergic ,Neuroscience ,Erg - Abstract
During spinal cord maturation neuronal excitability gradually differentiates to meet different functional demands. Spontaneous activity, appearing early during spinal development, is regulated by the expression pattern of ion channels in individual neurons. While emerging excitability of embryonic motoneurons has been widely investigated, little is known about that of spinal interneurons. Voltage-dependent K+ channels are a heterogeneous class of ion channels that accomplish several functions. Recently voltage-dependent K+ channels encoded by erg subfamily genes (ERG channels) were shown to modulate excitability in immature neurons of mouse and quail. We investigated the expression of ERG channels in immature spinal interneurons, using organotypic embryonic cultures of mouse spinal cord after 1 and 2 weeks of development in vitro. We report here that all the genes of the erg family known so far (erg1a, erg1b, erg2, erg3) are expressed in embryonic spinal cultures. We demonstrate for the first time that three ERG proteins (ERG1A, ERG2 and ERG3) are co-expressed in the same neuronal population, and display a spatio-temporal distribution in the spinal slices. ERG immuno-positive cells, representing mainly GABAergic interneurons, were present in large numbers at early stages of development, while declining later, with a ventral to dorsal gradient. Patch clamp recordings confirmed these data, showing that ventral interneurons expressed functional ERG currents only transiently. Similar expression of the erg genes was observed at comparable ages in vivo. The role of ERG currents in regulating neuronal excitability during the earliest phases of spinal circuitry development will be examined in future studies. © 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO.
- Published
- 2005
186. Novel VAMPIRE algorithms for quantitative analysis of the retinal vasculature
- Author
-
Kris Zutis, Devanjali Relan, Enrico Pellegrini, P. J. Wilson, Graeme Robertson, Carmen Alina Lupascu, Lucia Ballerini, Alex S. F. Doney, Emanuele Trucco, Andrea Giachetti, Baljean Dhillon, Domenico Tegolo, Tom MacGillivray, Trucco, E, Ballerini, L, Relan, D, Giachetti, A, MacGillivray, T, Zutis, K, Lupascu, C, Tegolo, D, Pellegrini, E, Robertson, G, Wilson, PJ, Doney, A, and Dhillon, B
- Subjects
retina ,Retina ,Settore INF/01 - Informatica ,Contextual image classification ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Vampire ,Retinal ,Image segmentation ,Classification ,Feature detection ,Segmentation ,Biomarkers ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,medicine ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Algorithm ,Optic disc ,Feature detection (computer vision) - Abstract
This paper summarizes three recent, novel algorithms developed within VAMPIRE, namely optic disc and macula detection, arteryvein classification, and enhancement of binary vessel masks, and their performance assessment. VAMPIRE is an international collaboration growing a suite of software tools to allow efficient quantification of morphological properties of the retinal vasculature in large collections of fundus camera images. VAMPIRE measurements are currently mostly used in biomarker research, i.e., investigating associations between the morphology of the retinal vasculature and a number of clinical and cognitive conditions.
- Published
- 2013
187. Ordo passionis
- Author
-
MARRAMAO, Giacomo, Ballerini L, Borsari A, Ciavolella M, and Marramao, Giacomo
- Published
- 2010
188. La forza rivelatrice delle passioni: Circe e i teatri della memoria
- Author
-
BOLZONI, LINA, BALLERINI L, BORSARI A, CIAVOLELLA M, and Bolzoni, Lina
- Published
- 2010
189. Pamela o la virtù ricompensata: metamorfosi settecentesche
- Author
-
Crivelli, Tatiana, University of Zurich, Ballerini, L, Bardine, G, Ciavolella, M, and Crivelli, Tatiana
- Subjects
470 Latin & Italic languages ,460 Spanish & Portuguese languages ,410 Linguistics ,450 Italian, Romanian & related languages ,800 Literature, rhetoric & criticism ,440 French & related languages ,10103 Institute of Romance Studies - Published
- 2000
190. I «poemi a bulino» di Libero de Libero. Appunti su Cronaca bianca e nera
- Author
-
CANTATORE, LORENZO, Ballerini L, Bardin G, Ciavolella M., Cantatore, Lorenzo, and Ciccuto M, Zingone A
- Published
- 2000
191. Patterns of pulmonary arterial anatomy and blood supply in complex congenital heart disease with pulmonary atresia
- Author
-
R. Calabró, Maria Giulia Gagliardi, Bruno Marino, Luigi Ballerini, M. Bevilacqua, Carlo Marcelletti, Marino, B, Calabro', Raffaele, Gagliardi, Mg, Bevilacqua, M, Ballerini, L, and Martelletti, C.
- Subjects
Heart Defects, Congenital ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pulmonary Circulation ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Collateral Circulation ,Pulmonary Artery ,medicine.artery ,Ductus arteriosus ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Complex congenital heart disease ,Child ,Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ,Lung ,Retrospective Studies ,Cardiac catheterization ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Arteries ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Pulmonary valve ,Atresia ,Pulmonary artery ,cardiovascular system ,Cineangiography ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Pulmonary atresia ,business - Abstract
To identify the pattern of pulmonary anatomy and pulmonary blood supply, we analyzed the angiocardiograms of 40 patients with pulmonary atresia and complex congenital heart disease. All patients but two (95%) had confluent pulmonary arteries supplied by a patent ductus arteriosus. These two patients (5%) had nonconfluent pulmonary arteries, one with major systemic-pulmonary collateral arteries and absent patent ductus arteriosus and the other with a patent ductus arteriosus supplying the right lung and small collateral arteries supplying the left. The low incidence of pulmonary arterial abnormalities and the uniform pattern of pulmonary blood supply make the patients with pulmonary atresia and complex congenital heart disease potential candidates for palliative operation without cardiac catheterization in the neonatal period.
- Published
- 1987
192. Systematic review and meta-analysis of automated methods for quantifying enlarged perivascular spaces in the brain.
- Author
-
Waymont JMJ, Valdés Hernández MDC, Bernal J, Duarte Coello R, Brown R, Chappell FM, Ballerini L, and Wardlaw JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Neuroimaging methods, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Glymphatic System diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Brain diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Research into magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-visible perivascular spaces (PVS) has recently increased, as results from studies in different diseases and populations are cementing their association with sleep, disease phenotypes, and overall health indicators. With the establishment of worldwide consortia and the availability of large databases, computational methods that allow to automatically process all this wealth of information are becoming increasingly relevant. Several computational approaches have been proposed to assess PVS from MRI, and efforts have been made to summarise and appraise the most widely applied ones. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed all publications available up to September 2023 describing the development, improvement, or application of computational PVS quantification methods from MRI. We analysed 67 approaches and 60 applications of their implementation, from 112 publications. The two most widely applied were the use of a morphological filter to enhance PVS-like structures, with Frangi being the choice preferred by most, and the use of a U-Net configuration with or without residual connections. Older adults or population studies comprising adults from 18 years old onwards were, overall, more frequent than studies using clinical samples. PVS were mainly assessed from T2-weighted MRI acquired in 1.5T and/or 3T scanners, although combinations using it with T1-weighted and FLAIR images were also abundant. Common associations researched included age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, white matter hyperintensities, sleep and cognition, with occupation-related, ethnicity, and genetic/hereditable traits being also explored. Despite promising improvements to overcome barriers such as noise and differentiation from other confounds, a need for joined efforts for a wider testing and increasing availability of the most promising methods is now paramount., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors do not have any other competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
193. Electrochemical Generation of Aryl Radicals from Organoboron Reagents Enabled by Pulsed Electrosynthesis.
- Author
-
Boudjelel M, Zhong J, Ballerini L, Vanswearingen I, Al-Dhufari R, and Malapit CA
- Abstract
Aryl radicals play a pivotal role as reactive intermediates in chemical synthesis, commonly arising from aryl halides and aryl diazo compounds. Expanding the repertoire of sources for aryl radical generation to include abundant and stable organoboron reagents would significantly advance radical chemistry and broaden their reactivity profile. While traditional approaches utilize stoichiometric oxidants or photocatalysis to generate aryl radicals from these reagents, electrochemical conditions have been largely underexplored. Through rigorous mechanistic investigations, we identified fundamental challenges hindering aryl radical generation. In addition to the high oxidation potentials of aromatic organoboron compounds, electrode passivation through radical grafting, homocoupling of aryl radicals, and decomposition issues were identified. We demonstrate that pulsed electrosynthesis enables selective and efficient aryl radical generation by mitigating the fundamental challenges. Our discoveries facilitated the development of the first electrochemical conversion of aryl potassium trifluoroborate salts into aryl C-P bonds. This sustainable and straightforward oxidative electrochemical approach exhibited a broad substrate scope, accommodating various heterocycles and aryl chlorides, typical substrates in transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Furthermore, we extended this methodology to form aryl C-Se, C-Te, and C-S bonds, showcasing its versatility and potential in bond formation processes., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
194. Transition Metal-Driven Selectivity in Direct C-H Arylation of Imidazo[2,1-b]Thiazole.
- Author
-
Del Vecchio A, Rosadoni E, Ballerini L, Cuzzola A, Lipparini F, Ronchi P, Guariento S, Biagetti M, Lessi M, and Bellina F
- Abstract
A selective direct arylation of the different Csp2-H bonds of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole with (hetero) aryl halides can be achieved simply by switching from a palladium catalyst system to the use of stoichiometric amounts of copper. The observed selectivity, also rationalized by DFT calculations, can be explained by a change in the mechanistic pathways between electrophilic palladation and base-promoted C-H metalation., (© 2024 The Authors. ChemistryOpen published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
195. Extracellular vesicles released by LPS-stimulated spinal organotypic slices spread neuroinflammation into naïve slices through connexin43 hemichannel opening and astrocyte aberrant calcium dynamics.
- Author
-
Memo C, Parisse P, Amoriello R, Pachetti M, Palandri A, Casalis L, Ballerini C, and Ballerini L
- Abstract
Introduction: Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, shared by all pathological processes which primarily impact on neurons, including Central Nervous System (CNS) injuries. In reactive CNS, activated glia releases extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanosized membranous particles known to play a key role in intercellular communication. EVs mediate neuroinflammatory responses and might exacerbate tissue deterioration, ultimately influencing neurodegenerative disease progression., Methods: We treated spinal cord organotypic slices with LPS, a ligand extensively used to induce sEVs release, to mimic mild inflammatory conditions. We combine atomic force microscopy (AFM), nanoparticle tracking (NTA) and western blot (WB) analysis to validate the isolation and characterisation of sEVs. We further use immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy with live calcium imaging by GCaMP6f reporter to compare glial reactivity to treatments with sEVs when isolated from resting and LPS treated organ slices., Results: In our study, we focus on CNS released small EVs (sEVs) and their impact on the biology of inflammatory environment. We address sEVs local signalling within the CNS tissue, in particular their involvement in inflammation spreading mechanism(s). sEVs are harvested from mouse organotypic spinal cord cultures, an in vitro model which features 3D complexity and retains spinal cord resident cells. By confocal microscopy and live calcium imaging we monitor glial responses in naïve spinal slices when exposed to sEVs isolated from resting and LPS treated organ slices., Discussion: We show that sEVs, only when released during LPS neuroinflammation, recruit naïve astrocytes in the neuroinflammation cycle and we propose that such recruitment be mediated by EVs hemichannel (HC) permeability., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Memo, Parisse, Amoriello, Pachetti, Palandri, Casalis, Ballerini and Ballerini.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
196. Exploring Ca 2+ Dynamics in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes through rAAV-Mediated jGCaMP8s Expression in Developing Spinal Cord Organ Cultures.
- Author
-
Pachetti M, Palandri A, de Castro Reis F, Recupero L, and Ballerini L
- Subjects
- Animals, Calcium Signaling physiology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Cells, Cultured, Female, Rats, Oligodendroglia metabolism, Spinal Cord metabolism, Spinal Cord cytology, Organ Culture Techniques, Calcium metabolism, Dependovirus genetics, Myelin Sheath metabolism
- Abstract
Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS), crucially contribute to myelination and circuit function. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that intracellular calcium (Ca
2+ ) dynamics in oligodendrocytes mediates activity-dependent and activity-independent myelination. Unraveling how myelinating oligodendrocytes orchestrate and integrate Ca2+ signals, particularly in relation to axonal firing, is crucial for gaining insights into their role in the CNS development and function, both in health and disease. In this framework, we used the recombinant adeno-associated virus/Olig001 capsid variant to express the genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator jGCaMP8s, under the control of the myelin basic protein promoter. In our study, this tool exhibits excellent tropism and selectivity for myelinating and mature oligodendrocytes, and it allows monitoring Ca2+ activity in myelin-forming cells, both in isolated primary cultures and organotypic spinal cord explants. By live imaging of myelin Ca2+ events in oligodendrocytes within organ cultures, we observed a rapid decline in the amplitude and duration of Ca2+ events across different in vitro developmental stages. Active myelin sheath remodeling and growth are modulated at the level of myelin-axon interface through Ca2+ signaling, and, during early myelination in organ cultures, this phase is finely tuned by the firing of axon action potentials. In the later stages of myelination, Ca2+ events in mature oligodendrocytes no longer display such a modulation, underscoring the involvement of complex Ca2+ signaling in CNS myelination., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests., (Copyright © 2024 Pachetti et al.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. MoS 2 2D materials induce spinal cord neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity affecting locomotor performance in zebrafish.
- Author
-
Di Mauro G, González VJ, Bambini F, Camarda S, Prado E, Holgado JP, Vázquez E, Ballerini L, and Cellot G
- Subjects
- Animals, Neuroinflammatory Diseases chemically induced, Nanostructures toxicity, Nanostructures chemistry, Larva drug effects, Neurons drug effects, Zebrafish, Locomotion drug effects, Disulfides chemistry, Disulfides toxicity, Molybdenum toxicity, Molybdenum chemistry, Spinal Cord drug effects
- Abstract
MoS
2 nanosheets belong to an emerging family of nanomaterials named bidimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs). The use of such promising materials, featuring outstanding chemical and physical properties, is expected to increase in several fields of science and technology, with an enhanced risk of environmental dispersion and associated wildlife and human exposures. In this framework, the assessment of MoS2 nanosheets toxicity is instrumental to safe industrial developments. Currently, the impact of the nanomaterial on the nervous tissue is unexplored. In this work, we use as in vivo experimental model the early-stage zebrafish, to investigate whether mechano-chemically exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets reach and affect, when added in the behavioral ambient, the nervous system. By high throughput screening of zebrafish larvae locomotor behavioral changes upon exposure to MoS2 nanosheets and whole organism live imaging of spinal neuronal and glial cell calcium activity, we report that sub-acute and prolonged ambient exposures to MoS2 nanosheets elicit locomotor abnormalities, dependent on dose and observation time. While 25 μg mL-1 concentration treatments exerted transient effects, 50 μg mL-1 ones induced long-lasting changes, correlated to neuroinflammation-driven alterations in the spinal cord, such as astrogliosis, glial intracellular calcium dysregulation, neuronal hyperactivity and motor axons retraction. By combining integrated technological approaches to zebrafish, we described that MoS2 2D nanomaterials can reach, upon water ( i.e. ambient) exposure, the nervous system of larvae, resulting in a direct neurological damage.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
198. Influence of threshold selection and image sequence in in-vivo segmentation of enlarged perivascular spaces.
- Author
-
Valdés Hernández MDC, Duarte Coello R, Xu W, Bernal J, Cheng Y, Ballerini L, Wiseman SJ, Chappell FM, Clancy U, Jaime García D, Arteaga Reyes C, Zhang JF, Liu X, Hewins W, Stringer M, Doubal F, Thrippleton MJ, Jochems A, Brown R, and Wardlaw JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Neuroimaging, Basal Ganglia diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases diagnostic imaging, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases complications, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases pathology
- Abstract
Background: Growing interest surrounds perivascular spaces (PVS) as a clinical biomarker of brain dysfunction given their association with cerebrovascular risk factors and disease. Neuroimaging techniques allowing quick and reliable quantification are being developed, but, in practice, they require optimisation as their limits of validity are usually unspecified., New Method: We evaluate modifications and alternatives to a state-of-the-art (SOTA) PVS segmentation method that uses a vesselness filter to enhance PVS discrimination, followed by thresholding of its response, applied to brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) from patients with sporadic small vessel disease acquired at 3 T., Results: The method is robust against inter-observer differences in threshold selection, but separate thresholds for each region of interest (i.e., basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, and midbrain) are required. Noise needs to be assessed prior to selecting these thresholds, as effect of noise and imaging artefacts can be mitigated with a careful optimisation of these thresholds. PVS segmentation from T1-weighted images alone, misses small PVS, therefore, underestimates PVS count, may overestimate individual PVS volume especially in the basal ganglia, and is susceptible to the inclusion of calcified vessels and mineral deposits. Visual analyses indicated the incomplete and fragmented detection of long and thin PVS as the primary cause of errors, with the Frangi filter coping better than the Jerman filter., Comparison With Existing Methods: Limits of validity to a SOTA PVS segmentation method applied to 3 T MRI with confounding pathology are given., Conclusions: Evidence presented reinforces the STRIVE-2 recommendation of using T2-weighted images for PVS assessment wherever possible. The Frangi filter is recommended for PVS segmentation from MRI, offering robust output against variations in threshold selection and pathology presentation., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Detectability and accuracy of computational measurements of in-silico and physical representations of enlarged perivascular spaces from magnetic resonance images.
- Author
-
Duarte Coello R, Valdés Hernández MDC, Zwanenburg JJM, van der Velden M, Kuijf HJ, De Luca A, Moyano JB, Ballerini L, Chappell FM, Brown R, Jan Biessels G, and Wardlaw JM
- Subjects
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Cognition
- Abstract
Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) visible perivascular spaces (PVS) have been associated with age, decline in cognitive abilities, interrupted sleep, and markers of small vessel disease. But the limits of validity of their quantification have not been established., New Method: We use a purpose-built digital reference object to construct an in-silico phantom for addressing this need, and validate it using a physical phantom. We use cylinders of different sizes as models for PVS. We also evaluate the influence of 'PVS' orientation, and different sets of parameters of the two vesselness filters that have been used for enhancing tubular structures, namely Frangi and RORPO filters, in the measurements' accuracy., Results: PVS measurements in MRI are only a proxy of their true dimensions, as the boundaries of their representation are consistently overestimated. The success in the use of the Frangi filter relies on a careful tuning of several parameters. Alpha= 0.5, beta= 0.5 and c= 500 yielded the best results. RORPO does not have these requirements and allows detecting smaller cylinders in their entirety more consistently in the absence of noise and confounding artefacts. The Frangi filter seems to be best suited for voxel sizes equal or larger than 0.4 mm-isotropic and cylinders larger than 1 mm diameter and 2 mm length. 'PVS' orientation did not affect measurements in data with isotropic voxels., Comparison With Existent Methods: Does not apply., Conclusions: The in-silico and physical phantoms presented are useful for establishing the validity of quantification methods of tubular small structures., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
200. Environmental and Health Impacts of Graphene and Other Two-Dimensional Materials: A Graphene Flagship Perspective.
- Author
-
Lin H, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Kaur J, Wick P, Pelin M, Tubaro A, Carniel FC, Tretiach M, Flahaut E, Iglesias D, Vázquez E, Cellot G, Ballerini L, Castagnola V, Benfenati F, Armirotti A, Sallustrau A, Taran F, Keck M, Bussy C, Vranic S, Kostarelos K, Connolly M, Navas JM, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Baker J, Suarez-Merino B, Kanerva T, Prato M, Fadeel B, and Bianco A
- Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous interest ever since the isolation of atomically thin sheets of graphene in 2004 due to the specific and versatile properties of these materials. However, the increasing production and use of 2D materials necessitate a thorough evaluation of the potential impact on human health and the environment. Furthermore, harmonized test protocols are needed with which to assess the safety of 2D materials. The Graphene Flagship project (2013-2023), funded by the European Commission, addressed the identification of the possible hazard of graphene-based materials as well as emerging 2D materials including transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, and others. Additionally, so-called green chemistry approaches were explored to achieve the goal of a safe and sustainable production and use of this fascinating family of nanomaterials. The present review provides a compact survey of the findings and the lessons learned in the Graphene Flagship.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.