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892 results on '"Baraldi, E."'

155. Dopaminergic control of renal tubular function in patients with compensated cirrhosis

Author

Sansoe, G., Ferrari, Alberto, Baraldi, E., Castellana, Cn, Biava, A., Silvano, S., Rosina, F., Bonardi, L., and Manenti, F.

Subjects
Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Metoclopramide, Dopamine, Sodium, Natriuresis, Middle Aged, Active renin, Aldosterone, Lithium clearance, Liver cirrhosis, Sodium excretion, Kidney Tubules, Case-Control Studies, Immersion, Dopamine Antagonists, Humans, Female, Lithium Chloride, Aged
Abstract

In normal humans, plasma dopamine levels rise during head-out water immersion or saline intravenous infusion. Dopamine inhibits Na+,K+-ATPase activity in the proximal tubule and blunts aldosterone secretion leading to increased diuresis and natriuresis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of endogenous dopaminergic activity in the intrarenal sodium handling in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. We studied nine healthy controls and 12 patients with Child-Pugh A cirrhosis during a normosodic diet for (1) dopaminergic activity, as measured by the incremental aldosterone responses 30 and 60 min after intravenous metoclopramide administration; (2) basal plasma levels of active renin and aldosterone; (3) 4-hr renal clearance of lithium (an index of fluid delivery to the distal tubule), creatinine, sodium, and potassium, first without and then with dopaminergic blockade with intravenous metoclopramide. The patients displayed greater endogenous dopaminergic activity, evidenced by higher incremental aldosterone responses compared with controls (+30 min: 160.2 +/- 68.8 vs 83.6 +/- 35.2 pg/ml, P0.01; +60 min: 140.5 +/- 80.3 vs 36.8 +/- 39.1 pg/ml, P0.01, respectively). In spite of this, patients and controls did not show significantly different basal aldosterone plasma levels, delivery of sodium to the distal nephron, or urinary excretion of sodium. In both groups the dopaminergic blockade with metoclopramide determined no change in sodium and potassium urinary excretion, but it caused a fall of the fluid and sodium delivery from the proximal tubule to the distal nephron among the patients (from 30.7 +/- 9.3 to 14.4 +/- 4.5 ml/min, P0.001; and from 4.25 +/- 1.30 to 2.00 +/- 0.64 meq/min, P0.001, respectively). In this group the natriuresis was maintained due to a reduction of the reabsorbed fraction of the distal sodium delivery (from 97.5 +/- 1.9% to 89.8 +/- 12.4%, P0.05). In conclusions, compensated cirrhotic patients display an increased endogenous dopaminergic activity compared with controls. This function is critical in maintaining the delivery of sodium to the distal nephron.

Published
2002

158. Focus on nitric oxide

Author

Baraldi, E., Enrico Clini, Cremona, G., and Il Pensiero Scientifico, Vignola M. E. D. S.

Subjects
infiammazione, fisiopatologia respiratoria, ossido nitrico
Published
2002

170. Paediatric HERMES: European Curriculum Recommendations for Training in Paediatric Respiratory Medicine

Author

Gappa, M., primary, Noël, J-L., additional, Séverin, T., additional, Baraldi, E., additional, Busari, J., additional, Bush, A., additional, Carlsen, K-H., additional, de Jongste, J., additional, Eber, E., additional, Fauroux, B., additional, McKenzie, S., additional, Palange, P., additional, Pohunek, P., additional, Primhak, R., additional, Priftis, K., additional, Wildhaber, J., additional, Zivkovic, Z., additional, Zach, M., additional, and Paton, J., additional

Published
2010
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171. Paediatric respiratory disease: past, present and future

Author

Hedlin, G., primary, Eber, E., additional, Aurora, P., additional, Lodrup Carlsen, K. C., additional, Ratjen, F., additional, Dankert-Roelse, J. E., additional, Ross-Russell, R. I., additional, Turner, S., additional, Midulla, F., additional, Baraldi, E., additional, and Bush, A., additional

Published
2010
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180. Paediatric HERMES: update of the European Training Syllabus for Paediatric Respiratory Medicine

Author

Gappa, M., primary, Paton, J., additional, Baraldi, E., additional, Bush, A., additional, Carlsen, K-H., additional, de Jongste, J. C., additional, Eber, E., additional, Fauroux, B., additional, McKenzie, S., additional, Noel, J-L., additional, Palange, P., additional, Pohunek, P., additional, Priftis, K., additional, Severin, T., additional, Wildhaber, J. H., additional, Zivkovic, Z., additional, and Zach, M., additional

Published
2009
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181. Paediatric HERMES: a European Syllabus in Paediatric Respiratory Medicine

Author

Gappa, M., primary, Noël, J-L., additional, Séverin, T., additional, Baraldi, E., additional, Bush, A., additional, Carlsen, K-H., additional, de Jongste, J., additional, Eber, E., additional, Fauroux, B., additional, McKenzie, S., additional, Palange, P., additional, Pohunek, P., additional, Priftis, K., additional, Wildhaber, J., additional, Zivkovic, Z., additional, Zach, M., additional, and Paton, J., additional

Published
2009
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182. Definition, assessment and treatment of wheezing disorders in preschool children: an evidence-based approach

Author

Brand, P. L. P., primary, Baraldi, E., additional, Bisgaard, H., additional, Boner, A. L., additional, Castro-Rodriguez, J. A., additional, Custovic, A., additional, de Blic, J., additional, de Jongste, J. C., additional, Eber, E., additional, Everard, M. L., additional, Frey, U., additional, Gappa, M., additional, Garcia-Marcos, L., additional, Grigg, J., additional, Lenney, W., additional, Le Souef, P., additional, McKenzie, S., additional, Merkus, P. J. F. M., additional, Midulla, F., additional, Paton, J. Y., additional, Piacentini, G., additional, Pohunek, P., additional, Rossi, G. A., additional, Seddon, P., additional, Silverman, M., additional, Sly, P. D., additional, Stick, S., additional, Valiulis, A., additional, van Aalderen, W. M. C., additional, Wildhaber, J. H., additional, Wennergren, G., additional, Wilson, N., additional, Zivkovic, Z., additional, and Bush, A., additional

Published
2008
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197. Vv AMP2, a grapevine flower-specific defensin capable of inhibiting Botrytis cinerea growth: insights into its mode of action.

Author

Nanni, V., Schumacher, J., Giacomelli, L., Brazzale, D., Sbolci, L., Moser, C., Tudzynski, P., and Baraldi, E.

Subjects
PLANT genomes, VITIS vinifera, PLANT defenses, AMINO acid sequence, BOTRYTIS cinerea, OXIDATIVE stress, PLANTS
Abstract

The genome of Vitis vinifera contains 79 defensin-like ( DEFL) gene sequences, classified in four groups based on peptide sequence similarity. Group-2 DEFL proteins are highly conserved peptides with 10 cysteine residues, and include VvAMP2, a defensin active against the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Here, quantitative reverse transcription- PCR (q RT- PCR) analysis was used to show that group-2 DEFLs are specifically expressed in grapevine inflorescences, with the highest level in pollen/stamen, and weak expression in calyptrae and carpels. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the protein accumulates in pollen grains and in specific areas of the ovary parenchyma, suggesting a role in grapevine fertilization. Antimicrobial tests showed that VvAMP2 inhibits the growth of B. cinerea, but not of other fungal pathogens, nor bacteria. Fluorescence microscopy analysis of B. cinerea cells treated with VvAMP2 revealed that this defensin is first internalized and then leads to membrane permeabilization, suggesting that membrane damage is a secondary effect of this plant defensin. To identify possible intracellular targets of VvAMP2, its inhibitory action was tested on 54 B. cinerea mutants, with deletions in key signalling genes. The ΔBcATF1 transcription factor mutant, impaired in regulation of cell wall and oxidative stress genes, completely lost sensitivity to VvAMP2. Mutants lacking the Rho-type GTPase BcCDC42, the G protein-coupled receptor BcGPR3 and the putative scaffold protein BcBEM1, showed very low sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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