Search

Objective: To clarify the causal relationship between anxiety-depression and the progression and outcomes of vitiligo, providing a basis for enhancing psychological interventions in the treatment of vitiligo. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was used to validate the causal relationship between anxiety, depression, and vitiligo. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) assessed the psychiatric condition of vitiligo patients. Fisher's chi-square tests and rank sum tests analyzed the differences in clinical characteristics among vitiligo patients with different HADS scores. Regression analysis assessed the correlation between anxiety-depression and disease progression and treatment outcomes. Results: Mendelian randomization analysis showed that depression significantly increases the risk of vitiligo (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.16–17.18, p = 0.03). According to the HADS scores, clinical characteristics differed significantly among the groups (p < 0.05). Univariate regression analysis demonstrated that both HADS (B = –1.168, p < 0.001, 95% CI: −1.532 to −0.804) and VIDA (B = –2.157, p < 0.001, 95% CI: −3.464 to −0.887) were significantly negative associated factors for disease outcomes. However, HADS (B = –1.006, p < 0.001, 95% CI: −1.475 to −0.657) emerged as the only factor influencing therapeutic efficacy in multivariate regression analysis. A restricted cubic spline graph illustrates a U-shaped relationship between HADS and clinical efficacy, with the most significant impact on therapeutic efficacy occurring when HADS equals 15. Conclusion: Anxiety—depression exhibit a bidirectional positive causal relationship with vitiligo. Moderate to severe anxiety-depression significantly influences the clinical efficacy of vitiligo treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicting anti-cancer drug response can help with personalized cancer treatment and is an important topic in modern oncology research. Although some methods have been used for anti-cancer drug response prediction, how to effectively integrate various features related to cancer cell lines, drugs, and their known responses is still affected by the redundant information of input features and the complex interactions between features. In this study, we propose a bilinear attention model, named BANDRP, based on multiple omics data of cancer cell lines and multiple molecular fingerprints of drugs to predict potential anti-cancer drug responses. Compared with existing models, BANDRP uses gene expression data to calculate pathway enrichment scores to enrich the features of cancer cell lines and can automatically learn the interactive information of cancer cell lines and drugs through bilinear attention networks. Benchmarking and independent tests demonstrate that BANDRP surpasses baseline models and exhibits robust generalization performance. Ablation experiments affirm the optimality of the current model architecture and feature selection scheme for our prediction task. Furthermore, analytical experiments and case studies on unknown anti-cancer drug response predictions underscore BANDRP's potential as a potent and reliable framework for predicting anti-cancer drug response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The secondary metabolites of seawater and freshwater blue-green algae are a rich natural product pool containing diverse compounds with various functions, including antiviral compounds; however, high-efficiency methods to screen such compounds are lacking. Advanced virtual screening techniques can significantly reduce the time and cost of novel antiviral drug identification. In this study, we used a cyanobacterial secondary metabolite library as an example and trained three models to identify compounds with potential antiviral activity using a machine learning method based on message-passing neural networks. Using this method, 364 potential antiviral compounds were screened from >2000 cyanobacterial secondary metabolites, with amides predominating (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value: 0.98). To verify the actual effectiveness of the candidate antiviral compounds, HIV virus reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) was selected as a target to evaluate their antiviral potential. Molecular docking experiments demonstrated that candidate compounds, including kororamide, mollamide E, nostopeptolide A3, anachelin-H, and kasumigamide, produced relatively robust non-covalent bonding interactions with the RNase H active site on HIV-1 RT, supporting the effectiveness of the proposed screening model. Our data demonstrate that artificial intelligence-based screening methods are effective tools for mining potential antiviral compounds, which can facilitate the exploration of various natural product libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silicone rubber (SR), as one kind of highly valuable rubber material, has been widely used in many fields, e.g., construction, transportation, the electronics industry, automobiles, aviation, and biology, owing to its attractive properties, including high- and low-temperature resistance, weathering resistance, chemical stability, and electrical isolation, as well as transparency. Unfortunately, the inherent flammability of SR largely restricts its practical application in many fields that have high standard requirements for flame retardancy. Throughout the last decade, a series of flame-retardant strategies have been adopted which enhance the flame retardancy of SR and even enhance its other key properties, such as mechanical properties and thermal stability. This comprehensive review systematically reviewed the recent research advances in flame-retarded SR materials and summarized and introduced the up-to-date design of different types of flame retardants and their effects on flame-retardant properties and other performances of SR. In addition, the related flame-retardant mechanisms of the as-prepared flame-retardant SR materials are analyzed and presented. Moreover, key challenges associated with these various types of FRs are discussed, and future development directions are also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new chromogenic sensors 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea 1 and 1-(3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea 2 bearing nitrophenyl and thiourea groups were designed and synthesized by one-step procedure and characterized through [.sup.1]H NMR, [.sup.13]C NMR, FTIR, and MS. The anion recognition property of the receptors was studied via naked-eye detection, UV-vis, and [.sup.1]H NMR. Based on the existence of amino gen and hydroxyl moieties in receptors, receptors 1 and 2 exhibit obvious selectivity by the redshift of UV-vis signals, colour changes through naked-eye detection, and binding effects for [F.sup.-], [H.sub.2]P[O.sup.4.sub.-], and [Ac.sup.-]. Surprisingly, the detection limits of receptor 1 for [F.sup.-] and [Ac.sup.-] were calculated to be 5.45 * [10.sup.-7] and 2.11 * [10.sup.-7] [(mol/L).sup.-1], respectively, which indicated that [F.sup.-] and [Ac.sup.-] can be identified with high sensitivity by receptor 1. Besides, simple 'test strips' were developed and were used as sensors for recognition of [F.sup.-],[H.sub.2]P[O.sub.4.sup.1]-,or [Ac.sup.-] in DMSO solution. Lastly, the mechanisms of the recognition process were studied through DFT calculation and [.sup.1]H NMR titration. Key words: naked eye sensing, thiourea, DFT calculation, colorimetric. Nous avons conçu et synthetise deux nouveaux capteurs chromogènes, le 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiouree 1 et le 1-(3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiouree 2, portant des groupes nitrophenyle et thiouree par une procedure en une etape, et nous les avons caracterises par spectroscopie RMN [.sup.1]H, RMN [.sup.13]C et FTIR, et par spectrometrie de masse. Nous avons evalue à l'oeil nu la propriete de reconnaissance anionique de ces recepteurs, ainsi que par spectroscopie UV-vis et RMN [.sup.1]H. En raison de la presence de groupes azotes et hydroxyles sur les recepteurs 1 et 2, ceux-ci presentent une selectivite evidente, qui se manifeste par un deplacement vers le rouge des signaux d'absorption UV-vis, des changements de couleur visibles à l'oeil nu et des effets de liaison avec les ions [F.sup.-],[H.sub.2]P[O.sub.4.sup.-] et [Ac.sup.-]. Étonnamment, les limites de detection du recepteur 1 que nous avons calculees pour les ions [F.sup.-] et [Ac.sup.-] etaient respectivement de 5,45 * [10.sup.-7] et de 2,11 * [10.sup.-7] [(mol/L).sup.-1], ce qui indique que les ions [F.sup.-] et [Ac.sup.-] peuvent être detectes avec une grande sensibilite par le recepteur 1. En outre, nous avons mis au point des bandelettes d'analyse simples à utiliser comme capteurs pour la reconnaissance des ions [F.sup.-],[H.sub.2]P[O.sub.4.sup.-] ou [Ac.sup.-] en solution dans le DMSO. Enfin, nous avons etudie les mecanismes du processus de reconnaissance par des calculs DFT et des experiences de titrage par RMN [.sup.1]H. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : detection à l'oeil nu, thiouree, calculs DFT, colorimetrique., Introduction Recognition of anions through chemical sensors has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to anion's crucial role in various areas such as biological fields, medical systems, and environmental [...]

As of March 30, 2020, approximately 750,000 cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) had been reported globally since December 2019 (1), severely burdening the healthcare system (2). The extremely fast transmission [...]

Novel biomarkers and non-invasive diagnostic methods are urgently needed for the screening of gastric cancer to reduce its high mortality. We employed quantitative proteomics approach to develop discriminatory biomarker signatures from human saliva for the detection of gastric cancer. Salivary proteins were analyzed and compared between gastric cancer patients and matched control subjects by using tandem mass tags (TMT) technology. More than 500 proteins were identified with quantification, and 48 of them showed significant difference expression (p