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This study investigated the link between digital advertising and consumer purchasing behavior in Delta State. This study recognized the prevalence of digital advertising and how advertising generally influences consumer purchasing behavior. However, this study focused on the channels of digital advertising available in Delta state, the patterns of consumer purchasing behavior among the study population, and examined how the usage of smart gadgets increases consumers’ access to digital content. The study relied on Technological Determinism as a theoretical framework and adopted the survey method in a cross-sectional research design. A sample of 400 was chosen for the study based on the Taro Yamane formula while respondents were selected purposively based on their knowledge of the subject matter. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect data, and the answers were presented using the mean outcome of the descriptive statistics. The hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics using Stata 15.0 software. Findings show that channels of digital advertising such as email advertising, social media, and pop-ups are acknowledged to be creating more visibility of products to consumers. The study affirms the usage of smart gadgets to create an easy avenue for consumers' purchasing behavior to flourish. The study recommends that channels of digital advertising such as email advertising, social media, etc, should be creatively utilized by advertising agencies to create more visibility of products that can help the consumer make better purchasing decisions.

This paper analyses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the digitization process of the opera sector under the impact of the COVID-19 health crisis. Surviving in a time of humanitarian disaster was a great challenge for opera houses, which faced new challenges. Most of the world’s opera houses survived this crisis, but in different ways. The authors identify three different categories of approach of digital technologies in response to the hostility of the environment, depending on the status and brand power of each opera house, the sustainable validity of competitive advantages, and the loyalty of audiences. Evidence collected from personal observations are presented. A comparative analysis of the management of opera houses in different areas of the globe was conducted to examine how they have embraced digitization to stay in touch with audiences during the pandemic. We have identified solutions like online concerts, broadcasting shows and concerts on radio and TV, using shows from the archives, and organising online museum tours. These provided joy in hard times to the public, hope and motivation, to escape the dark and sad reality. The results are discussed with reference to two ideal types of pandemic-induced pathways: back to the old normal vs. forward to the new normal. The influences that determine the differences in strategies are also considered: tradition, national context, leadership, knowledge, digital capability of the staff, etc. From an academic perspective, this article enriches the current understanding of the adaptation of the management model of opera houses in a hostile environment and provides managers with concrete guidelines on the systematic adaptation of their business models in hostile situations.

Gino Roncaglia's book L'architetto e l'oracolo: forme digitali del sapere da Wikipedia a ChatGPT offers numerous insights into the relationship between ‘cathedrals of knowledge’ and generative artificial intelligence tools. Starting from the theme of fragmentation and complexity, the author delves into the terrain of online encyclopaedias, generative AIs and neural networks, dwelling on the issue of personal memories, and then moves on to the dimension of science fiction and the virtual librarian. Among the topics of interest for those dealing with book and document disciplines in a digital context, the semantic web and its possible developments in the light of the rapidly evolving framework are mentioned.

Promoting and presenting archives in a way that makes them a reassuring and easily accessible context is a primary concern for archivists, who are used to working in a field driven by communication. This paper offers a reflection on models and methods of transmitting and promoting documentary collections, while drawing inspiration from recent works that propose new perspectives on the question and its forms of presentation. Does a clear distinction between the established descriptive tradition and the so-called alternative approaches still make sense? Perhaps the two approaches are much more interconnected and stable than previously thought. Are research tools “healthy carriers” of narrative? It seems so. Alongside descriptive practices, the paper will compare some effective museum practices aimed at presenting archives and highlighting the specific cultural value that archives actively preserve. From a broader perspective, after a period of great success, narratives are now in crisis. To quote Byung-Chul Han, «At the core of this noisy storytelling lies a narrative void, manifesting itself as a lack of meaning and a loss of direction». Maybe archives can offer a different interpretative and descriptive key.

In 1950 on Mount Zlatý kůň (‘Golden Horse’) in modern-day Czech Republic a system of caves was discovered. During many years of research in this area, human and animal osteological remains have been excavated, among which the most interesting ones were nine fragments of a female skull, now dated to ca. 43,000 yrs BP which are one of the earliest known anatomically modern humans in Eurasia. The aim of this research was to use purely digital techniques to: (1) to reconstruct the skull based on the 3D data of preserved fragments, (2) to approximate the probable appearance of the female it belonged to, and (3) to analyze the calculated shape of the reconstructed mandible and volume of the neurocranium in the context of similarities and differences with other representatives of the genus Homo. Computer techniques used in this research constitute a new, original approach to the problem of 3D analyses and may be useful primarily in bioarchaeological sciences, where metric analyses of the most valuable bone artifacts are often severely limited due to the incompleteness of the material available for research. The digital techniques presented here may also contribute significantly to the field of surgery, with the possibility of being adapted for applications in cranial prosthetics and post-traumatic reconstructive surgery.

Mario Castro,1 Merrill Zavod,2 Annika Rutgersson,3 Magnus Jörntén-Karlsson,4 Bhaskar Dutta,5 Lynn Hagger6 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA; 2User Experience, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE, USA; 3Digital Patient Products, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; 4Digital Implementation, Digital Health R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; 5Patient Safety Center of Excellence, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA; 6Content Strategy & Experience Design, Digital Global Commercial, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USACorrespondence: Mario Castro, Chief, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Vice Chair for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 4000 Cambridge Street, MSN 3007, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA, Tel +1 913 588 7529, Fax +1 913 588 4098, Email mcastro2@kumc.eduPurpose: The iPREDICT program aimed to develop an integrated digital health solution capable of continuous data streaming, predicting changes in asthma control, and enabling early intervention.Patients and Methods: As part of the iPREDICT program, asthma triggers were characterized by surveying 221 patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with self-reported asthma for a risk–benefit analysis of parameters predictive of changes in disease control. Seventeen healthy volunteers (age 25– 65 years) tested 13 devices to measure these parameters and assessed their usability attributes.Results: Patients identified irritants such as chemicals, allergens, weather changes, and physical activity as triggers that were the most relevant to deteriorating asthma control. Device testing in healthy volunteers revealed variable data formats/units and quality issues, such as missing data and low signal-to-noise ratio. Based on user preference and data capture validity, a spirometer, vital sign monitor, and sleep monitor formed the iPREDICT integrated system for continuous data streaming to develop a personalized/predictive algorithm for asthma control.Conclusion: These findings emphasize the need to systematically compare devices based on several parameters, including usability and data quality, to develop integrated digital technology programs for asthma care.Keywords: asthma, devices, digital, predictive algorithm, sensors

Abstract Background Globally, violence against children poses substantial health and economic challenges, with estimated costs nearing USD 7 trillion. This prompts the urgent call for effective evidence-based interventions in preventing and mitigating violence against children. ParentApp is a mobile, open-source application designed to offer a remote version of the Parenting for Lifelong Health (PLH) programme. ParentApp is the first digital parenting intervention for caregivers of adolescents aged 10–17 years to be tested in low- and middle-income settings. Methods This study is a pragmatic, two-arm, cluster-randomised trial in Mwanza, Tanzania’s urban and peri-urban areas. Assessments are set for baseline, 1 month post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention. We randomised 80 clusters, each with about 30 caregiver-adolescent dyads, with a 1:1 ratio stratified by urban or peri-urban location. Both arms receive an entry-level smartphone preloaded with Kiswahili apps—ParentApp for intervention and WashApp control. The primary method of analysis will be generalised linear mixed-effects models with adjustment for person-level characteristics and multiple imputation. In three-level models, measurement waves are nested within a person, nested within a sub-ward. Regressions will constrain groups to be equal at baseline and include covariates for stratification, percentage of male caregivers, and individual-level characteristics. Discussions Preparations for the trial began in December 2022, including community mobilisation and sensitisation. Rolling recruitment, baseline data collection, and implementation onboarding took place between April and September 2023. One-month post-test data collection began in August 2023 and thus far achieved 97% and 94% retention rates for caregivers and adolescents respectively. Final post-test data collection will begin in September 2024, anticipated to run until April 2025. This SAP was submitted to the journal before the interim analysis to preserve scientific integrity under a superiority hypothesis testing framework. Trial registration The trial was registered on the Open Science Framework on 14 March 2023: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/T9FXZ . The trial protocol was published in Trials 25, 119 (2024): Baerecke, L., Ornellas, A., Wamoyi, J. et al. A hybrid digital parenting programme to prevent abuse of adolescents in Tanzania: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial. Trials 25, 119 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07893-x .

On the basis of the conducted research, the author has proved that the specific feature of electronic contracts on medical care of the population under medical guarantees program is that: it is exclusively signed through the electronic health care system, is considered an electronic document, must meet all the requirements established for a civil contract. The author has identified the principles of electronic medical deeds: information exchange takes place exclusively in electronic form; the legislation establishes the security of exchange and preservation of medical information, in particular medical confidentiality; modern access to medical care and resources is provided due to their assistance; these electronic contracts are aimed at improving the quality of service and meeting patients needs, transparency of the health care system; they are signed considering technological neutrality and independence from decisions developers; while signing such contracts, the information is recorded in the e-health system without the possibility of deleting or correcting the entered data; electronic identification and authentication of participants in medical relations with a high level of trust is used while they are being signed. It has been established that signing a contract on medical care of the population under medical guarantees program includes the following stages: 1) the National Health Service of Ukraine publishes an announcement on the official website about the intention to sign such a contract under certain conditions; 2) a business entity that wishes to sign a contract with the National Health Service of Ukraine on the terms specified in the announcement must ensure that up-to-date information about its business activity, the possibility of medical practice, is entered into the system before submitting a proposal; 3) the National Health Service of Ukraine considers the received proposals within the definite term; 4) signing a draft contract by an authorized person of the National Health Service of Ukraine, which is a proposal to sign a contract (offer) with a validity period of ten calendar days from the date of its signing by an authorized person of the National Health Service of Ukraine.

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang cukup besar pada penurunan omzet pelaku usaha terutama usaha jasa boga. Salah satunya adalah katering Bunda Tasty yang ada di Kota Surabaya. Usaha tersebut mengalami penurunan omzet sampai dengan 78% dan pasca pandemi Covid-19 perolehan omzet masih belum optimal. Berkaitan dengan permasalahan tersebut maka tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) adalah membenahi fungsi pemasaran yang masih bersifat konvensional ke arah digital melalui edukasi pemasaran digital dan pembuatan landing page melalui Google Site. Mitra juga diberikan arahan dan buku panduan yang terkait dengan pengelolaan landing page. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendampingan selama kurang lebih tiga bulan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan PkM secara keseluruhan dievaluasi melalui pengamatan secara langsung dan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil evaluasi dari pengamatan secara langsung mitra telah mampu mengelola landing page dengan mengoperasikan berbagai fungsi edit. Berdasarkan hasil pengisian kuesioner mitra memberikan pelaksanaan kegiatan cukup baik dan memberikan dampak positif terhadap promosi digital dan dapat menyasar sejumlah pelanggan baru. Mitra berharap kegiatan PkM dapat berlanjut pada pengelolaan fungsi keuangan secara digital.

The university is committed to developing digital entrepreneurship among students, which is realized through concrete efforts in the classroom by integrating entrepreneurial and Sharia business learning and e-commerce and outside the classroom with digital marketing training programs for students. Despite having interest and potential in digital entrepreneurship, students may face limited access and knowledge related to the halal certification process. The SEHATI program, which offers free halal certification, can be a solution to overcome these barriers. However, the effectiveness of this program in increasing students' interest in digital entrepreneurship still needs to be investigated. This research was conducted to determine the influence of the free halal certification program (SEHATI) and social media on students' interest in digital entrepreneurship. This study uses descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach. Data collection is based on surveys and other relevant sources measuring digital entrepreneurial interest, participation in the halal certification program, and the level of social media use. Then, the multiple linear regression model is used with Significance Tests using T-test and F-test. The research results show that the SEHATI program and social media significantly influence students' interest in digital entrepreneurship both partially and simultaneously

The paper highlights, briefly, new developments and approaches, experiments in the modernization of tactical communication systems, the field most requested in theaters of operations. In the second place, the preparatory measures for the transition from analog to digital technology concomitant with the implementation of the new data-centricity concept. The results obtained in scientific research and new and various revolutionary technical products have a strong impact, many of them already requested and purchased. These are presented in the documents developed by specialized bodies at the end of 2023.

The aim of this paper is to understand the long-COVID impact on cultural heritage organisations, and future research needed. COVID-19 was disruptive to cultural heritage socioeconomic activities across the world during 2020 and 2021. Whilst government intervention and changes from physical to digital engagement generally prevailed, the long-COVID impact on cultural heritage organisations, their people and users, buildings, and collections remains unknown. The extent, also, to which financing, curating, visiting, and volunteering patterns have changed is uncertain. Following the pandemic closures and associated support, cultural heritage organisations are facing continuing economic, social, political, environmental, technological, and organisational culture pressures. This research examines the existing academic literature, sector publications, annual reports and associated visitor information to understand whether cultural heritage organisations have long-COVID, whether they can survive another pandemic, and what further research is needed to be better prepared. Four case studies from the UK look at the visitor and financial impacts of COVID-19 on the British Library, the London Transport Museum, The Theatre Royal Drury Lane, and Kensington Palace. This paper contributes to heritage research by providing a deeper understanding of the impact that COVID-19 had on heritage, and how to proactively plan for similar future disruptions. The impact themes show that change did not result in a new normal but in the need for a new space, consisting of blended space (physical and digital), mixed space (indoors and outdoors), and community of practice space (isolated or cross-sector networking space). The literature highlights the significance of the sector coming together during the pandemic to share knowledge and provide support through its networks. It also highlights how important it is for such unity not to be lost but to be harnessed to support ongoing organisational sustainability and better preparedness for future crises. Finally, future research suggestions are proposed grouped into social, digital, financial, and operational research themes.

In this essay, I offer some critical reflections on how digitalisation and datafication may challenge the values and principles that underpin the Nordic welfare state, and as such inform the relationship between the citizens and the state. In response to these challenges, I argue that we should apply a human-rights-based approach when assessing the strength and weaknesses of existing solutions, as well as when developing new systems and services.

Abstract Background Insomnia is a highly prevalent disorder associated with numerous adverse health outcomes. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is recommended as first-line treatment by clinical guidelines but is accessible to only a minority of patients suffering from insomnia. Internet-delivered CBT-I (iCBT-I) could contribute to the widespread dissemination of this first-line treatment. As there is insufficient evidence regarding non-inferiority, this study directly aims to compare therapist-guided internet-delivered versus face-to-face CBT-I in terms of insomnia severity post-treatment. Furthermore, a health-economic evaluation will be conducted, and potential benefits and disadvantages of therapist-guided iCBT-I will be examined. Methods This study protocol describes a randomised controlled two-arm parallel-group non-inferiority trial comparing therapist-guided iCBT-I with face-to-face CBT-I in routine clinical care. A total of 422 patients with insomnia disorder will be randomised and treated at 16 study centres throughout Germany. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 10 weeks after randomisation (post), and 6 months after randomisation (follow-up). The primary outcome is insomnia severity measured using the Insomnia Severity Index. Secondary outcomes include depression-related symptoms, quality of life, fatigue, physical activity, daylight exposure, adverse events related to treatment, and a health-economic evaluation. Finally, potential moderator variables and several descriptive and exploratory outcomes will be assessed (e.g. benefits and disadvantages of internet-delivered treatment). Discussion The widespread implementation of CBT-I is a significant healthcare challenge. The non-inferiority of therapist-guided iCBT-I versus face-to-face CBT-I will be investigated in an adequately powered sample in routine clinical care, with the same therapeutic content and same level of therapist qualifications provided with both interventions. If this trial demonstrates the non-inferiority of therapist-guided iCBT-I, healthcare providers may be more confident recommending this treatment to their patients, contributing to the wider dissemination of CBT-I. Trial registration Trial registration number in the German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00028153 ( https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00028153 ). Registered on 16th May 2023.

Abstract Background Scaling up effective interventions to promote healthy eating habits in children in real-world settings is a pressing need. The success of implementation hinges crucially on engaging end-users and tailoring interventions to meet their specific needs. Building on our prior evaluation of a digital “healthy eating” resource for early childhood education and care (ECEC) staff; this qualitative study aims to pinpoint the barriers and facilitators that influence the successful implementation of such interventions. Methods We conducted twelve semi-structured interviews with ECEC teachers in a Norwegian municipality. Interview participants were later invited to participate in focus groups where two discussions were conducted with five of the participants to reflect on the initial interview findings. Thematic analysis, facilitated by NVivo software, was employed to analyse the data, aiming to identify and summarize teachers’ subjective experiences and perspectives. Results Teachers’ perceptions of barriers to the implementation of an upcoming digital “healthy eating” resource included: (1) No established tradition of using digital resources at work; (2) Uncertainty regarding the achievable outcomes of implementation; (3) Perception of the new “healthy eating” resource as cooking-focused and unnecessary; and (4) Hectic everyday life serving as a barrier to the long-term use of a digital resource. Facilitators for implementation included: (1) A user-friendly format; (2) Newsletters featuring seasonal tips inspire and serve as effective reminders; (3) Emphasis on research and legislation; and (4) Structuring the resource as a series and an idea bank. Conclusions The findings underscore the essential need for tailored strategies and comprehensive support structures to successfully implement a culturally appropriate digital “healthy eating” resource for ECEC staff, ensuring effectiveness and feasibility. Trial registration This study was not registered in a trial registry as it is not a clinical trial or intervention study but serves as a pilot for the Nutrition Now study, trial identifier ISRCTN10694967 ( https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10694967 ), registration date: 19/06/2022.

This perspective article explores the interplay between death and glocalization in digitally saturated societies. The central question driving our perspective is how societal responses to death reflect and inform the process of glocalization within the context of increasing digital connectivity. In this study, we discuss that societal response to death provides a unique perspective on how global digital trends intersect with deep-seated beliefs and traditions in glocalization dynamics. Thus, themain section of the article (Section 3) examines the traits and limitations of digital glocalization in mortality contexts, revealing its multifaceted nature: digital glocalization is relational, post-metaphysical, naturally occurring, and a boundary solution to crises. Constraints in glocal forging in the context of bereavement include interpersonal challenges, social alienation, evolving local customs, religious considerations, and timing issues. Our perspective, informed by brief ethnographic insights fromcontemporary Romania, highlights the fusion of ancient customs, digital tools, and religious beliefs in shaping distinctive responses to death in digitally enriched environments. Ultimately, this study concludes that death serves as a catalyst for glocalization, harmonizing local traditions and digital advancements in navigating the complexities of life and loss in the digital age, portraying death as the great "glocalizer". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of digital technology in Indonesia has drastically changed people’s media behavior and habits. This change causes people to have two lives, namely real life and cyberspace. As a result, these changes are capable of producing technological disruptions. What has happened then is that new media have sprung up, especially online or cyber media. On the other hand, the number of print and radio media fell, while television media stagnated. Regarding these conditions, Koran Tempo, one of the business lines of the Tempo Media Group, inevitably has to innovate. As of January 1, 2021, this newspaper stops printing and switches to 100% digital form. This is done to outreach Gen Z and to have efficient business. This research tries to probe Koran Tempo’s strategy to attract the attention of Gen Z, through various digital innovations since the paper ceased publication in full on January 1, 2021. This study was conducted using qualitative methods and a case study approach. Primary data collection was carried out through interviews with the CEO, Board of Directors, Editor in Chief, and Senior Editors of Koran Tempo. Secondary data was collected through related references derived from books, online articles, and other research journals related to this study. This research shows that the program created by Koran Tempo has been proven to grab Gen Z through two types of innovations conducted by management, namely content innovation and design innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a compilation of various research articles and papers related to the assessment of performance validity in neuropsychological testing. The articles cover topics such as the use of computerized assessments, the detection of feigned cognitive impairment, the development of performance validity tests, and the use of embedded validity indicators. The research explores different methods and measures for assessing performance validity and highlights the importance of accurate and reliable testing in various populations, including individuals with traumatic brain injury and children with neurological conditions. The references provide a range of perspectives and approaches to performance validity testing, and may be useful for researchers and practitioners in the field of neuropsychology. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Controlling smartphone addiction and procrastination among nurses is crucial for enhancing the productivity of both nursing and the healthcare system. Critical care nurses are highly vulnerable to smartphone addiction and procrastination behaviors than other groups. They may purposefully delay their tasks, a practice known as active procrastination, or inadvertently delay them, a practice known as passive procrastination. Aim: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of smartphone addiction and procrastination behavior among nurses, examine the effect of smartphone addiction on the active and passive procrastination behaviors, and explore the correlation between active and passive procrastination behaviors among nurses. Method: This is a descriptive correlational exploratory study that was conducted at 23 critical care units of one large educational hospital in Egypt. Data were collected from 360 nurses who were conveniently selected using three tools: the Smartphone Addiction Inventory, the New Active Procrastination Scale, and the Unintentional Procrastination Scale. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to test the hypothetical relationship among the study variables. Results: This study revealed that 55.0%, 80.0%, and 45.3% of nurses had a moderate perceived level of smartphone addiction, active procrastination behavior, and passive procrastination behavior, respectively. There is a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and both nurses' active and passive procrastination behaviors. Smartphone addiction accounts for 25% of the variance in nurses' active procrastination behavior and 18% of the variance in their passive procrastination. Furthermore, there is a moderately significant negative correlation between nurses' active procrastination behavior and their passive procrastination behavior. Conclusion: Nurses are exhibiting moderate levels of smartphone addiction and procrastination, which is a significant threat to the healthcare industry and nursing productivity. This requires technological, educational, and organizational interventions that foster active procrastination and combat passive procrastination behaviors among nurses. Implications: Continuous training programs are required to enhance time management skills among nurses and increase the awareness of nurse managers with the symptoms of smartphone addiction among nurses. Nurse leaders should early detect and address the addictive use of smartphones among nurses, identify potential procrastinators, and provide counseling to eradicate these behaviors in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aesthetics, generally understood as an intensified emphasis on the sensorial look and feel of urban environments, has become an important perspective through which urban scholarship is examining the economic, social, political and cultural processes of urban regeneration projects across the globe. Much of this aestheticising work is now mediated by many kinds of digital technologies. The entanglement of digital technologies with the sensorial feel of urban redevelopments manifests in many different ways in different urban locations; it is deeply reshaping the embodied experiencing of urban life; and it enacts specific power relations. It is the focus of this paper. Drawing on the work of Lefebvre and Jansson, this article develops the notion of 'textured' space in order to offer an analytic vocabulary that can describe distinctive configurations of urban experience at the intersection of specific urban environments, bodily sensations, and digital devices. Analysing embodied sensory politics is important because various aspects of bodily sensoria are central to human experiences of, and relations between, both self and other. Hence bodies are enrolled differentially into different expressions of these new urban aesthetics: while some are seduced, others are made invisible or repelled, or are ambivalently entangled in digitally mediated aesthetic atmospheres. The article offers some examples of the power relations inherent in the textured aesthetics of three of the most significant, and interrelated, processes of contemporary, digitally mediated urban change: efforts to be seen as a 'world-class city' and to facilitate gentrification and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to improved treatment outcomes in persons living with HIV. Adherence to ART is required to achieve viral suppression. Real-time medication monitoring (RTMM)-based digital adherence tools (DATs) could be effective in improving ART adherence and viral suppression in persons living with HIV. Objectives: The primary and secondary objectives of this review were to assess the effect of RTMM-based DATs on improving ART adherence and viral load suppression. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Health for publications published through October 11, 2022. Narrative synthesis and random effects meta-analyses were conducted to synthesize the results. Results: Of 638 papers identified, 8 were included. Six studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 2 were cohort studies. Two studies, an RCT in China (mean adherence: 96.2% vs 89.1%) and a crossover cohort study in Uganda (mean adherence: 84% vs 93%), demonstrated improved ART adherence. No studies demonstrated improved viral suppression. In the meta-analyses, we estimated that RTMM-based digital adherence tools had a statistically insignificant small positive effect on ART adherence and viral suppression with a standardized mean difference of 0.1922 [95% CI: 20.0268 to 0.4112, P-value: 0.0854] and viral suppression with an odds ratio of 1.3148 [95% CI: 0.9199 to 1.8791, P-value: 0.1331]. Conclusions: Our meta-analyses found that RTMM-based DATs did not have a significant effect on ART adherence and viral suppression. However, due to few published studies available, heterogeneity of target populations, intervention designs, and adherence measurement instruments, more data are required to provide conclusive evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research is to investigate blockchain technology's influence on digitizing courier supply chains and advancing Industry 4.0, which leads the digitization revolution by integrating blockchain to digitize processes that would serve the circular economy. It evaluates how blockchain enhances transparency, traceability, and digital processes in logistics, promoting sustainability through waste reduction and improved reuse. The study aims to identify the benefits and challenges of blockchain integration, develop a conceptual framework, and provide actionable insights to improve supply chain management, operational efficiency, and sustainability. This research uses a qualitative research method including a literature review as well as interviews for case studies to explore both the benefits and challenges when applying blockchain technology in courier organizations in Industry 4.0 within the circular economy. The results show that blockchain technology can enhance the security, traceability, and efficiency of courier supply chains, reduce theft, error risk, and fraud, as well as facilitate specific process automation via smart contracts. Blockchain technology can support the digital transformation of logistics organizations and enhance circular economy networks in Industry 4.0 by enabling automation, transparency, traceability, and maintaining responsibility for the environment. This research is an exploration of the effect of blockchain technology on the courier supply chain in the logistics firms in Industry 4.0 within the circular economy and the development of a conceptual framework for usage. In addition, it capitalizes on both coordination and collaboration among players through decentralization to obtain maximum fruitful benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A logbook system is essential to ensure standardized competency in medical education. This survey will provide the first overview of our current logbook and can serve as an initial proposal for improvement to a more relevant and valuable tool to assess our postgraduate training programme. Methods: This survey was conducted among all Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) anaesthetic trainees. The data for this survey was collected by using Google Forms. A link to the form was distributed to all UKM anaesthetic trainees. The survey questionnaire consisted of five sections, demographic data, strengths and weaknesses of logbook content, evaluation of logbook usage experience, perception of the feedback received regarding the logbook performance, and potential improvements that can be made. Results: 107 anaesthetic trainees participated in this study. All of the sections in the logbook were deemed relevant by more than 60% of the trainees except for the on-call section which was seen as relevant only by 37.4% of them. 53.3% agreed that the logbook is useful for learning during the course. However, only 43.9% of them perceived that the logbook was easy and convenient to use. Only 59 respondents received feedback regarding their logbook performance. The analysis of open-ended answers highlights the necessity of transitioning to a fully digitalized logbook system for easy accessibility. It also reveals the need to re-evaluate specific logbook contents and incorporate additional teaching and learning tools to enhance the overall training process. Moreover, the findings emphasize the importance of effectively implementing feedback mechanisms within the logbook system to optimize student learning. Conclusion: Serving as a foundational step towards developing a more efficient and structured educational tool, this research provides valuable insights for future advancements in medical education, particularly in anaesthesiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uncertainties on the intensive care unit (ICU) regarding the eligibility of a patient to be a potential deceased organ donor may prevent their referral and enrolment in the pathway for organ donation. Healthcare staff may exclude potential donors for medical reasons, which are no longer applicable. Hence, Swisstransplant implemented a digital donor evaluation tool (DET) in 2021, which allows the local hospital's organ donation coordinator to send a direct request tomedical advisors (MA) of the organ procurement organization before excluding potential donors. All 156 requests entered in 2022 were analyzed. 117 patients (75.0%) were primarily accepted by the MA as potential donors. Of those 60 patients (51.3%) became actual organ donors. Main reasons for using the DET were questions regarding malignancies (n = 33, 21.2%), infectious diseases (n = 35, 22.4%) and age/co-morbidities (n = 34, 21.8%). The average age of the actual "DET donor" compared to the regularly enrolled, actual "Non-DET donor" was 65.3 ± 15.8 vs. 56.8 ± 17.5 years, respectively (p = 0.008). On average 1.9 ± 1.1 organs compared to 3.2 ± 1.3 organs were retrieved from DET vs. Non-DET donors. In summary, this new digital donor evaluation tool supports reporting and facilitates eligibility decisions in uncertain, complex donor cases, potentially increasing the number of organ donations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manipulation of the hair is one of the lesser theorized technologies through which Black diasporic subjects have carved space for their existence, expressed aspirations, and posed dissent against a social world reliant upon their dehumanization. In response to this forum's call to elevate mediated epistemologies about Black women, we offer focused consideration of Black hair as a technology of collective expansion that resists essentialism and begins to theorize a digital, post-natural turn. The practices tied to Black hair, from the development of styling tools and products (physical technologies) to technologies of touch via digital practices (i.e., the digits or fingers) such as greasing, braiding, washing, combing, and otherwise working hair, are central to how Black women create digital (here meaning: online) content and navigate scrutinization. We consider the complications of these technological and digital practices by considering the simultaneous neoliberal and liberatory undergirding of the Digital Natural Black Hair Movement and a very recent tech-forward turn toward what we call the "post-natural" that eschews the implicit essentialism of earlier natural hair moments. Taking the "sacred" foray into the haircare industry by megastar Beyoncé as a case study, we outline facets (and aspirations) of the post-natural digital re-branding of Black hair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landlord technology—or the systems used by landlords to control and regulate tenant lives, spaces, and data—frequently promises "frictionless" building management and residential experiences. Yet services such as "digital doormen" and virtual property management platforms often create more work for tenants, particularly regarding decreased accessibility for tenants of color whose faces are unrecognized by biased algorithms used to administer building access, and for renters who are unable to or who refuse to use new apps and web portals. There are also "digital butlers" that landlords deploy as a means of attracting and retaining wealthy residents, yet that end up creating increased and often gendered work for those laboring behind the curtains of automation. Even virtual property management tools rely upon outsourced labor and are rife with contradictions and hardships for renters and call center workers alike. With a proposition that new forms of material and affective labor are created by landlord technologies despite promises of frictionless living, this article focuses on the various struggles that workers and tenants face in using, maintaining, refusing, and, at times, organizing against property automation. Based upon collaborative research produced with Landlord Tech Watch, as well as ethnographic accounting of housing and labor struggles in New York City and Cluj, this article introduces friction as a critical analytic useful in assessing the uneven, gendered, and racialized labor formations that landlord technologies require and reproduce despite fictions of frictionless living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A smile that reveals >4 mm of gum tissue is called a gummy smile (GS), offering negative impacts on people's self-confidence and aesthetic appearance. The treatment for GS should be planned according to underlying causes such as altered passive eruption of teeth, dentoalveolar extrusion, vertical maxillary excess, and short or hyperactive lip muscles. In this case report, a patient with severe GS received orthodontic and gingivoplasty treatment, aided by digital tools such as 3D simulation, smile design, and 3D printed guides. The treatment yielded remarkable and satisfactory results, without the need for extensive surgery. Our findings suggest that gingivoplasty is a minimally invasive, time- and cost-effective alternative to more extensive procedures for correcting severe gum recession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe two operating modes for the same potentiostat, where the redox processes of hydroquinone in a hydrochloric acid medium are contrasted for cyclic voltammetry (CV) as functions of a digital/staircase scan and an analogue/linear scan. Although superficially there is not much to separate the two modes of operation as an end user, differences can be seen in the voltammograms while switching between the digital and analogue modes. The effects of quantization clearly have some impact on the measurements, with the outputs between the two modes being a function of the equivalent-circuit model of the electrochemical system under investigation. Increasing scan rates when using both modes produces higher peak redox currents, with the differences between the analogue and digital modes of operation being consistent as a function of the scan rate. Differences between the CV loops between the analogue and digital modes show key differences at certain points along the scans, which can be attributed to the nature of the electrolyte affecting the charging and discharging processes and consequently changing the peak currents of the redox processes. The faradaic processes were shown to be independent of the scan rates. Simulations of the equivalent-circuit behaviour show differences in the responses to different input signals, i.e., the step and ramp responses of the system. Both the voltage and current steps and ramp responses showed the time-domain behaviour of distinct elements of the equivalent electrochemical circuit model as an approximation of the applied digital and analogue CV input signals. Ultimately, it was concluded that similar parameters between the two modes of operation available with the potentiostat would lead to different output voltammograms and, despite advances in technology, digital systems can never fully emulate a true analogue system for electrochemical applications. These observations showcase the value of having hardware capable of true analogue characteristics over digital systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the different uses and modalities of digital technologies to diagnose, plan and monitor peri‐implant soft tissue conditions and aesthetics. Methods: A comprehensive narrative review of pertinent literature was conducted, critically appraising key digital technologies that may assist peri‐implant soft tissue augmentation and assessment. An electronic search on four databases including studies published prior to 1st July 2023 was performed and supplemented by a manual search. Results: Predominantly, tools such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), intraoral scanning (iOS), intraoral ultrasonography and digital spectrophotometry were commonly to assess and monitor peri‐implant soft tissues. The main clinical and research applications included: (i) initial assessment of mucosal thickness, supra‐crestal tissue height and keratinized mucosa width, (ii) evaluation of peri‐implant soft tissue health and inflammation, (iii) monitoring profilometric changes and midfacial mucosal margin stability over time and (iv) aesthetic evaluation through colour assessment. While evidence for some digital tools may be limited, the integration of digital technologies into peri‐implant soft tissue management holds great promise. These technologies offer improved precision, comfort and speed in assessment, benefiting both patients and clinicians. Conclusion: As digital technologies progress, their full potential in peri‐implant soft tissue augmentation and their value will become more evident with ongoing research. Embracing these innovations and their potential benefits is recommended to ensure that during progress in implant dentistry, patient care is not hindered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the inter‐ and intraindividual variability in virtual single‐tooth implant positioning based on the level of expertise, specialty, total time spent, and the use of a prosthetic tooth setup. Materials and Methods: Virtual implant planning was performed on matched pre‐ and post‐extraction intraoral scans (IOS), and cone‐beam computed tomography scans of 15 patients. Twelve individual examiners, involving six novices and experts from oral surgery and prosthodontics positioned the implants, first based on anatomical landmarks utilizing only the post‐extraction, and second with the use of the pre‐extraction IOS as a setup. The time for implant positioning was recorded. After 1 month, all virtual plannings were performed again. The individual implant positions were superimposed to obtain 3D deviations using a software algorithm. Results: An interindividual variability with mean angular, crestal, and apical positional deviations of 3.8 ± 1.94°, 1.11 ± 0.55, and 1.54 ± 0.66 mm, respectively, was found. When assessing intraindividual variability, deviations of 3.28 ± 1.99°, 0.78 ± 0.46, and 1.12 ± 0.61 mm, respectively, were observed. Implants planned by experts exhibited statistically lower deviations compared to those planned by novices. Longer planning times resulted in lower deviations in the experts' group but not in the novices. Oral surgeons demonstrated lower crestal, but not angular and apical deviations than prosthodontists. The use of a setup only led to minor adjustments. Conclusions: Substantial inter‐ and intraindividual variability exists during implant positioning utilizing specialized software planning. The level of expertise and the time invested influenced the deviations of the implant position during the planning sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching and research are both equally essential to postgraduate studies in architectural conservation. The interaction between them is also crucial. Various perspectives exist on the connection between teaching and research, including research-led, research-oriented, and research-based teaching. Thus, differences arise based on whether the focus is on research content or on research processes and problems, whether students are treated as audiences or as participants, and whether teaching is teacher- or student-centred. This article presents case studies (courses) that link teaching and research from a new interdisciplinary postgraduate programme at the University of Cyprus on architectural conservation. It also discusses this issue within the international context of teaching and research in architectural conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing is implicated in poor diet and obesity in children. The rapid growth and proliferation of digital marketing has resulted in dramatic changes to advertising practices and children's exposure. The constantly evolving and data-driven nature of digital food marketing presents substantial challenges for researchers seeking to quantify the impact on children and for policymakers tasked with designing and implementing restrictive policies. We outline the latest evidence on children's experience of the contemporary digital food marketing ecosystem, conceptual frameworks guiding digital food marketing research, the impact of digital food marketing on dietary outcomes, and the methods used to determine impact, and we consider the key research and policy challenges and priorities for the field. Recent methodological and policy developments represent opportunities to apply novel and innovative solutions to address this complex issue, which could drive meaningful improvements in children's dietary health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Test the feasibility, adherence rates and optimal frequency of digital, remote assessments using the ALSFRS-RSE via a customized smartphone-based app. This fully remote, longitudinal study was conducted over a 24-week period, with virtual visits every 3 months and weekly digital assessments. 19 ALS participants completed digital assessments via smartphone, including a digital version of the ALSFRS-RSE and mood survey. Interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess agreement between staff-administered and self-reported ALSFRS-R pairs. Longitudinal change was evaluated using ANCOVA models and linear mixed models, including impact of mood and time of day. Impact of frequency of administration of the ALSFRS-RSE on precision of the estimate slope was tested using a mixed effects model. In our ALS cohort, digital assessments were well-accepted and adherence was robust, with completion rates of 86%. There was excellent agreement between the digital self-entry and staff-administered scores computing multiple ICCs (ICC range = 0.925–0.961), with scores on the ALSFRS-RSE slightly higher (1.304 points). Digital assessments were associated with increased precision of the slope, resulting in higher standardized response mean estimates for higher frequencies, though benefit appeared to diminish at biweekly and weekly frequency. Effects of participant mood and time of day on total ALSFRS-RSE score were evaluated but were minimal and not statistically significant. Remote collection of digital patient-reported outcomes of functional status such as the ALSFRS-RSE yield more accurate estimates of change over time and provide a broader understanding of the lived experience of people with ALS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Digital cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic insomnia (D‐CBT‐I) has been shown to be as efficacious as traditional CBT‐I. However, not all patients achieve insomnia remission after treatment. We explored the factors influencing the effectiveness of D‐CBT‐I in a clinical practice. A total of 414 Asian chronic insomniacs were studied during a 6 week D‐CBT‐I intervention. All patients were assessed at baseline and posttreatment and were determined to be remitters or non‐remitters, responders or non‐responders by posttreatment criteria; Insomnia Severity Index (ISI <8) or ISI reduction ≥8, to examine whether remission and response status were associated with patient baseline characteristics. The average baseline ISI score in all subjects was 16.29 points. At posttreatment, 192 (46.4%) patients achieved ISI remission and 218 (52.7%) patients demonstrated an ISI response. An increased baseline early morning awakening time and ISI score were independently associated with a lower odds for remission (OR, 0.995 and 0.991, respectively). Increased baseline Patients Health Questionnaire‐9 score was independently associated with higher odds for response (OR, 1.114). Our results suggest that D‐CBT‐I can be recommended as the first‐line treatment for chronic insomnia, particularly in insomniacs with milder insomnia symptoms and more severe depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of D‐CBT‐I was adversely affected by longer early morning awakening time and higher insomnia severity at pretreatment, which may be improved by more intense intervention and greater therapeutic support or by traditional CBT‐I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibilities and challenges of digital technologies for young children are widely documented. However, parental guidelines place greater emphasis upon potential harms, advocating that parents limit their children's screen time, or advise that parents simply read digital texts as they would a printed text. Our study investigated 22 Australian parents' perspectives of their 2–3-year-old child's experiences with digital devices and their views of reading digital storybooks to understand whether parents were cognisant of or engaged in practices that appeared to limit their child's screen time, and whether parents noted any differences when shared reading printed and digital texts with their child. Results showed that many parents (1) limit screen time and therefore do not engage in shared digital text reading, consigning children's screen time to unsupervised use; and (2) were aware that the reading of digital texts often is, and at times should differ to the reading of printed texts. These findings suggest that advising parents to limit screen time may result in parents avoiding the use of digital texts when shared reading with their child. Furthermore, recommending that parents read digital texts as they would printed texts may encourage parents to have unrealistic and/or frustrating expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing market concentration has become a topical issue in competition law worldwide. This article explores how firms, especially digital platform businesses, increase market concentration which may facilitate entrenched market power and anti-competitive conduct in their upstream or downstream markets. It considers in an Australian context two specific ways in which the power of a dominant firms including digital platforms may be constrained. The first is allowing the parties with lesser market power to collectively bargain, which can redress the imbalance in bargaining power to make the market work more effectively. A second and related option is the introduction of mandatory codes of conduct, which may be suitable in markets where perennial problems with market power imbalances exist. Australian experience suggests that these options can assist markets to function more effectively, and they may provide additional flexibility for other jurisdictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Digital modalities which enable asynchronous learning, such as audio podcasts and videos demonstrating procedures, may benefit acquisition and retention of knowledge and clinical skills. The main objective of this nationwide cross‐sectional survey study was to evaluate key aspects and factors related to usage of audio podcasts and procedural videos in anaesthesiology and intensive care. Methods: A 20‐item multiple‐choice‐question online survey was created through a consensus process including pilot testing among residents and consultants. Data were collected over a 3‐month period, September–November 2023. Results: The survey was completed by 466 anaesthetists. More than a third reported using procedural videos ≥1 time per week, whereas fewer than one in four participants used audio podcasts at least once per week. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that working at a university hospital, male sex, and younger age were independently associated with podcast use ≥1 time per week, with the highest odds ratio (OR) for younger age (<40 years vs. ≥40 years old; OR 5.86 (95% confidence interval 3.55–9.67), p <.001). Younger age was also significantly associated with higher frequency of video use (OR 1.71 (1.13–2.58), p =.011), while working predominantly in intensive care was associated with a lower frequency of video use. Podcasts were often used during commuting (42.3%), household work (30.7%), and exercise (24.9%), indicating a role in multi‐tasking. Approximately half of respondents expressed that audio podcast‐based learning has a moderate to very large positive impact on acquisition of theoretical knowledge, as well as practical skills. A vast majority, 85.2%, reported that procedural videos have a moderate to very large impact on development of clinical skills. Conclusion: Audio podcasts and procedural videos are appreciated tools with potential to supplement more traditional didactic techniques in anaesthesiology and intensive care. Procedural video use is common, with perceived large effects on development of clinical skills. Further data are needed to fully understand learning outcomes, quality of peer‐review processes, and potential sex‐differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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