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The following study provides a detailed description of the non-technical, organizational factors affecting a £3.2m AMT project. The host organization is defined primarily in terms of its structure and culture before and after the AMT project. Prevalent attitudes among those in a position to influence AMT implementation and its operation are also revealed in transcribed excerpts of tape-recorded interviews.

A number of authors have stipulated that organizational and human factors are more critical than technological factors in advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) project management and implementation programmes [1], but what are “organizational factors” and how can we identify them?

In examining the conception, design, planning, implementation and steady-state operation of the flexible manufacturing system (FMS) as a production facility (as described in Chapter 7), it is necessary to ensure that “fact” is filtered from “fiction”. This is not to say that facts are intentionally withheld, or that rather colourful claims are deliberately made. However, if an FMS is treated in isolation without obtaining a relative perspective of its capabilities and performance then it is very easy to make false judgements.

Genetically engineered single-chain Fvs (sFv) are defined as recombinant proteins composed of a variable light chain amino acid sequence of an immunoglobulin tethered to a variable heavy chain sequence by a designed peptide. Previous studies using iodine-labeled sFv, derived from the anticarcinoma monoclonal antibody CC49, showed that the 125I-sFv could efficiently target antigen-positive tumors in a human tumor xenograft model while demonstrating rapid plasma clearance and minimal uptake in normal organs. One of the issues we raised in the analysis of the iodinated sFv metabolic studies was whether similar metabolic patterns would be observed if the sFv were labeled with a radiometal. In the studies reported here, 125I-CC49 sFv and 177Lu-CC49 sFv were co-injected in mice bearing antigen-positive carcinoma xenografts. Both sFv forms showed similar tumor targeting and plasma clearance pharmacokinetics. The 177Lu-sFv, however, showed a greater uptake in liver and spleen and a much higher uptake in kidney. These studies thus demonstrate that despite their small size (M(r) 27,000), the metal-chelated sFv shows a metabolic pattern very different than that of the iodinated sFv, which is most likely due to retention of the metal by organs metabolizing the sFv.

In a prospective study of 511 patients we compared the data of 320 who underwent systematically extended dissection of the regional lymph nodes with data of 191 who underwent only facultative dissection of the lymph nodes, which means that no lymph nodes had been removed or only a few were taken for staging purposes. Only patients without distant metastases and who were less than 72 years old were included. All patients were treated with a transabdominal approach. The incidence of positive nodes in the patients with systematically extended lymphadenectomy was 17.5% and for patients with facultative lymphadenectomy it was 10%. Survival rates of patients with facultative lymphadenectomy were 58% after 5 years and 40.9% after 10 years, compared to 66% and 56.1%, respectively, for patients with systematically extended lymphadenectomy (p less than 0.01). Patients with stage pT1-2 (Robson stage I) and pT3aN0M0 (Robson stage II) tumor obviously had the highest benefits with extended lymphadenectomy. Operative mortality was less than 1% after systematically extended lymphadenectomy and 3.8% after facultative lymphadenectomy. We conclude from our data that the systematic and extended lymphadenectomy improves the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma without any additional operative risks.

As early as 1967, IABC has been effectively used to support patients in cardiogenic shock. IABC provides the temporary circulatory assistance necessary to maintain coronary perfusion pressure, improve stroke volume and cardiac output, and decrease left ventricular preload and afterload. Until new forward flow devices are perfected and become globally available as mechanical assistance for pump failure, the intra-aortic balloon pump will continue to provide temporary mechanical circulatory assistance to support patients in cardiogenic shock until diagnosis of the underlying cause and definitive therapy can be determined.

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On the basis of degradative work and spectroscopic evidence structure 3 has been derived for photosantoninic acid, a dimeric compound previously obtained by the action of UV.-light on alcaline solutions of santonin (1). The stereochemistry of the compound and the mechanism of its formation from lumisantonin (2), a known photoisomer of 1, in an alkali-catalyzed process are briefly discussed.

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We report on the chemical preparation of the NAD+ analog P1, P2-(5′-β-nicotinamideribofuranosyl-3″-adeno-syl)-diphosphate (N3″AD+) by applying the 1,1′-carbonyl-diimidazole activation method. The importance of how adenosine is linked to the nicotinamide mononucleotide phosphoriboride (NMNPR+) moiety is discussed with re­ spect to the coenzyme activity in the lactate dehydrogenase catalyzed reaction.

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Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-75-C-l064; NR 294-004 and from the NOAA Data Buoy Office.

5-Methyl-3-(2-methylallyl)-2-[(3-methyl-4-oxo-2-thiazolidinyliden)-hydrazono]-4-thiazolidinon erwies sich bei guter therapeutischer Breite als stark karzinostatisch wirksam bei DMBA-induzierten Mamma-Karzinomen weiblicher Sprague-Dawley Ratten. Eine geringere chemotherapeutische Wirkung fand sich auch bei Walker CaSa 256, DMBA-induzierten Hautkarzinomen und Ehrlich Ascites Karzinom.

Die Tiere sind vor 1–1 1/2 Stunden durch doppelseitigen Pneumothorax getotet; sodann wurde Sauerstoff unter einem Druck von 5 cm Wasser in die Vena cava inf. eingelassen. Beide Venae cavae sup. wurden unterbunden und sodann die Brustorgane in toto herausgenommen. Damit das Herz nicht gegen einen zu starken Widerstand arbeitet, ist die Vena cava inf. mit einem kleinen Sauerstoffbehalter mit elastischer Wand (Fingerling) verbunden. Die Praparate mussen wahrend des Herumgebens von Zeit zu Zeit mit physiologischer Kochsalzlosung betraufelt werden, um Eintrocknen zu verhindern. Der rechte Vorhof und Ventrikel sind in regelmasigem Schlagen bei regularer Aufeinanderfolge von Vorhof- und Ventrikelaktion. Bei dem einen Praparat steht der linke Vorhof und der linke Ventrikel still, beim zweiten schlagt auch der linke Vorhof, da er durch ein offenes Foramen ovale hindurch gleichfalls mit Sauerstoff gefullt worden ist.

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