Search

Published in 1999. Analyzing and chronicling the continued development of key information, communication and fast transport networks at a global and regional level, this book looks at the transition to an information-based economy, and its urban impacts, at a global, regional and city level. The book outlines the change by defining it as the third great societal transition in the history of human settlement, and points to key factors that have fuelled progress. These include the growth of global telecommunications and fast transport networks; the coming together of information and communication technologies and their links to transport and land use; the shift to information and knowledge as a resource base for new industries; the increasing movement of people and information; the emergence of cities as economic entities, network nodes, and centres for generating, exchanging and processing information, and, most significantly, the competition among cities for these new key elements of of the urban economy.

Dialogues Across Civilizations sets the histories of China and Europe alongside one another. Each chapter stands as an essay that imaginatively places historical individuals and events in proximity to one another and explores a specific topic,gender relations, rural politics, artistic renderings of nature, to name a few,through the stories of persons who reflected on similar questions but in different social and cultural settings. Through this juxtaposition, Chinese and European civilizations illuminate each other's achievements, problems, and limitations in a range of areas from urban history to religious faith.Privileging neither Europe nor China, this work offers an innovative move away from relativism and multiculturalism towards an analysis that focuses on relationships between social choices and consequences. As a result, both common and divergent perspectives on the human condition emerge for discussion. Drawing upon a rich literature of cross-societal studies, Dialogues Across Civilizations generates reflection on themes central to the study of world history as well as European and Asian history.

Critically exploring the presuppositions of contemporary social theory, this collection argues for a trans-civilizational dialogue and a deepening of the universe of intellectual discourse in order to transform sociology into a truly planetary conversation on the human condition. Focusing on perspectives from Asia, notably East Asia and India, it interrogates presuppositions in contemporary critical social theory about man, culture and society, and considers central themes such as knowledge and power, knowledge and liberation. The diverse contributions tackle key questions such the globalization of social theory, identity and society in east asia, as well as issues such as biopolitics, social welfare and eurocentrism. They also examine dialogues along multiple trajectories between social theorists from the Euro-American world and from the Asian universe, such as between Kant and Gandhi, Habermas and Sri Aurobindo, the Bildung tradition in Europe and the Confuciantraditions. Arguing for a global comparative engagement and cross-cultural dialogue, this is a key read for all those interested in the future of social theory in the wake of globalization and the rise of the global south.

International Relations (IR) as a discipline is often deemed to be “too Western” centric. It has been argued that much of mainstream IR theory is “simply an abstraction of Western history.” In this respect, many IR scholars have called for “broadening” the theoretical horizon of IR while problematising the Western parochialism of the discipline, and it is increasingly acknowledged that IR needs to embrace a wider range of histories, experiences, and theoretical perspectives, particularly those outside of the West. However, despite such a meaningful debate over broadening the theoretical and practical horizons of IR, several critical questions remain unclear and under-explored. For example, does IR need to embrace pluralism? If so, how much? To what extent, and in what sense, is IR parochial? Should IR promote dialogue across theoretical and spatial divides? If so, how? Yong-Soo Eun addresses these questions. He undertakes a literature review and an empirical analysis of the extent to which the field has actually become diverse and pluralistic. This investigation considers diversity beyond the current limited focus on the geographical origins of theory. Yong-Soo also draws attention to the mechanisms and processes of knowledge production and transmission in IR. More importantly, he addresses what is probably the most acute issue associated with the “non-Western” IR theory-building enterprise; namely, fragmentation and dialogue. In conclusion, Yong-Soo notes that the role of unsettling the present hierarchical structure of the discipline falls to reflexive individual agents. He argues that in order for their agential power to be more fully harnessed in the opening up of IR, critical “self”-reflection and “collective” empathy and collaboration among marginalised scholars are all essential.

Une vue conventionnelle oppose souvent la pensée occidentale où prédominerait la rationalité, le logos, à la pensée orientale qui serait le royaume du symbolisme, de l'analogie. Les textes rassemblés ici donnent un aperçu beaucoup plus nuancé de la question. Analogie et raisonnement analytique sont présents tant en Orient qu'en Occident et la frontière entre les deux formes de pensée est moins tranchée qu'on a pu le dire...

We are arguably living in a'postideological'era. However, when we tune into the TV news we can hear political leaders talk about'advanced'societies, geopolitical experts suggest'humanitarian'interventions, and sober events presenters qualify a murder as'barbaric'. What does this mean? In this comprehensive book, Rolf Petri reveals how our everyday political language is full of ideological representations of the world, and places them in an accessible historical narration.From the secularization of Europe and the Enlightenment project of'civilization'to the contemporary preoccupation with ecological catastrophes or the end of history, A Short History of Western Ideology carves out the central elements of western ideology. It focuses on a wide variety of issues including religion, colonialism, race and gender, which are essential for how we conceive of the modern world. By creating an awareness of the ideological character of the western worldview, its limits and its flaws, this book warns us of the dangers that derive from a self-righteous mindset. It is stimulating and important reading for history and politics students seeking to understand the ideology of the western world.

The English Renaissance and the Far East: Cross-Cultural Encounters is an original and timely examination of cultural encounters between Britain, China, and Japan. It challenges accepted, Anglocentric models of East-West relations and offers a radical reconceptualization of the English Renaissance, suggesting it was not so different from current developments in an increasingly Sinocentric world, and that as China, in particular, returns to a global center-stage that it last occupied pre-1800, a curious and overlooked synergy exists between the early modern and the present. Prompted by the current eastward tilt in global power, in particular towards China, Adele Lee examines cultural interactions between Britain and the Far East in both the early modern and postmodern periods. She explores how key encounters with and representations of the Far East are described in early modern writing, and demonstrates how work of that period, particularly Shakespeare, has a special power today to facilitate encounters between Britain and East Asia.Readers will find the past illuminating the present and vice versa in a book that has at its heart resonances between Renaissance and present-day cultural exchanges, and which takes a cyclical, “long-view” of history to offer a new, innovative approach to a subject of contemporary importance.

Rhetoric at the Non-Substantialistic Turn: The East-West Coin presents a unique theory of rhetoric that encompasses both Eastern and Western approaches. Based on the Field-Being philosophy founded by Lik Kuen Tong, this theory gives an account of the ontological foundations of both kinds of rhetoric. Beginning with an exposition of the nature of Field-Being rhetoric as Eastern and Western, this book presents chapters on Eastern and Western rhetoric over history as power, ethics, art, creativity, politics, and communication. It acknowledges the thinking of many philosophers and rhetoricians who have contributed to East-West comparative studies in both fields and argues that both understandings of rhetoric are necessary for global communication.

This groundbreaking study examines Muslim female superheroes within a matrix of Islamic theology, feminism, and contemporary political discourse. Through a close reading of texts including Ms. Marvel, Qahera, and The 99, Sophia Rose Arjana argues that these powerful and iconic characters reflect independence and agency, reflecting the diverse lives of Muslim girls and women in the world today.

From the internationally bestselling author of The Silk Roads: everything you need to know about the present and future of the world'Masterly mapping out of a new world order'Evening Standard'Frankopan is a brilliant guide to terra incognita'The TimesPeter Frankopan's highly anticipated follow-up to the'Book of the Decade', The New Silk Roads takes a fresh look at the network of relationships being formed along the length and breadth of the Silk Roads today.The world is changing dramatically and in an age of Brexit and Trump, the themes of isolation and fragmentation permeating the western world stand in sharp contrast to events along the Silk Roads, where ties have been strengthened and mutual cooperation established.Following the Silk Roads eastwards from Europe through to China, by way of Russia and the Middle East, The New Silk Roads provides a timely reminder that we live in a world that is profoundly interconnected. In this prescient contemporary history, Peter Frankopan assesses the global reverberations of these continual shifts in the centre of power – all too often absent from headlines in the west.This important – and ultimately hopeful – book asks us to reread who we are and where we are in the world, illuminating the themes on which all our lives and livelihoods depend.

The Pre-Raphaelites and Orientalism: Language and Cognition in Remediations of the East redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century.

The volume spans ethical and political topics from a comparison of Plato and Conficicius on the state to modern problems of terrorism. The authors are Anwar Alam, John Blair and Jerusha McCormack, Hans-Christian Günther, Dominik Müller, Sebastian Scheerer, Harro von Senger and Thomas Alexander Szlezák. Hans-Christian Günther is professor for classics at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg. He has widely published on Greek and Roman philosophy and literature, Byzantine and modern Greek studies. Recently he has been more and more interested in intercultural studies, ethics and international politics.

The relationship between East and West remains a topic of burning timeliness, particularly in its political dimension. Yet, we can gain a complete understanding of the current tensions only if we consider them within a broader historical framework, spanning from art to diplomacy, from religion to ethnography. The present volume tackles precisely this complex task, offering its reader a rich mosaic of case studies and scholarly research, relating to the mutual approaches between the Euro-American ‘West', and the Sino-Japanese ‘East'. In the first part of the book, art historian Marco Musillo uses the depictions of Tartars in fourteenth-century Italian frescoes as the starting point of a trajectory leading to eighteenth-century European literature on China. In the second part, the reader is introduced to two cases of diplomatic encounter, one in sixteenth-century Italy between Japanese subjects and local courts, and the other one between Qing China and twentieth-century United States, in the space of the universal exhibition in St. Louis. Finally, the last section proposes three interconnected art historical explorations: the screen design of Chinese origin in colonial Mexico, Medieval Christian tombstones in China, and early-modern Filipino sacred sculpture.

aus dem Klappentext: Der hier vorliegende Band versteht sich als Beitrag zum interkulturellen Dialog und enthält Beiträge zum Menschenbild bedeutender westlicher und östlicher Denker und Künstler von Francesca Brencio, Katharina Brunner - Roettig, Paolo Fedeli, Hans-Christian Günther, Olga Kutzner, Salvatore Lavecchia, Ralf Lüfter, Luigi Magarotto, Maria Rosa Marafioti, Dominic O'Meara, Peng Guoxiang, Riccardo Pozzo, Heiner Roetz, Harro von Senger, Thomas Alexander Szlezák, Vania Vergili und Gino Zaccaria. Hans-Christian Günther is professor for classics at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg. He has widely published on Greek and Roman philosophy and literature, Byzantine and modern Greek studies. Recently he has been more and more interested in intercultural studies, ethics and international politics.

Introduction by Neal AschersonIn our globalised but increasingly polarised age, Kapuscinski shows how the Other remains one of the most compelling ideas of our times.In this reflection on a lifetime of travel, the renown travel writer takes a fresh look at the Western idea of the Other: the non-European or non-American. Looking at this concept through the lens of his own encounters in Africa, Asia and Latin America, Kapuscinski traces how the West has understood the Other from classical times to colonialism, from the Age of Enlightenment to the postmodern global village.

Wendy Gan's Comic China investigates the circumstances and motivations of cross-cultural humor. How do works that trade in laughter shape our understanding of Western discourses about China? Is humor meant to be inclusive or exclusive? Does it protect or challenge the status quo? Gan suggests that the simple, straightforward laugh may actually be a far more intricate negotiation of power relations. Gan unpacks texts by authors who had little real contact with China as well as writers whose proximity to China influenced their representations. Looking beyond the familiar canon of serious modernist texts and the Yellow Peril classics of popular fiction, Gan analyzes turn-of-the-twentieth-century musical comedies set in the Far East, Ernest Bramah's chinoiserie-inspired tales, and interwar travel writing. She also considers the comic works of the missionary Arthur Henderson Smith, the former Maritime Customs Officer J.O.P. Bland, and the Shanghai journalist and advertising man Carl Crow. Though it includes humor that is less than complimentary to the Chinese, Comic China reminds us that laughter is tied to our common humanity. Gan navigates the humor used in comic depictions ultimately to find, not superiority or ridicule, but common ground.

Uniting twelve original studies by scholars of early modern history, literature, and the arts, this collection is the first that foregrounds the dialectical quality of early modern Orientalism by taking a broad interdisciplinary perspective. Dialectics of Orientalism demonstrates how texts and images of the sixteenth and seventeenth century from across Europe and the New World are better understood as part of a dynamic and transformative orientalist discourse rather than a manifestation of the supposed dichotomy between the'East'and the'West.'The volume's central claim is that early modern orientalist discourses are fundamentally open, self-critical, and creative. Analyzing a varied corpus-from German and Dutch travelogues to Spanish humanist treaties, French essays, Flemish paintings, and English diaries-this collection thus breathes fresh air into the critique of Orientalism and provides productive new perspectives for the study of east-west and indeed globalized exchanges in the early modern world.

Les routes de la soie, dans leur version contemporaine, pour comprendre les rapports entre Orient et Occident.Les nouveaux défis posés à l'Occident se multiplient et deviennent toujours plus complexes. L'Europe a plus de mal que jamais à penser son avenir face aux populismes et aux crises migratoires, tandis que les États-Unis sont lancés dans un retrait inédit des affaires internationales, menaçant d'anciennes alliances.Pendant ce temps, tout au long des antiques Routes de la Soie souffle un vent d'espoir. L'époque y est à l'optimisme. Du Moyen-Orient à la Chine, de la Russie à l'Iran, les échanges se multiplient, les pays coopèrent et de nouvelles alliances sont scellées, faisant fi d'antagonismes anciens. Le contraste est saisissant avec ce qui se joue à l'Ouest.Peter Frankopan dresse dans ce récit un tableau du monde actuel et explique pourquoi il est essentiel d'en comprendre les bouleversements. Quelles seront les répercussions de ce grand basculement des centres de pouvoir, non seulement pour nos dirigeants politiques et économiques, mais aussi pour chaque citoyen, qu'il soit voyageur, étudiant ou parent de jeunes enfants? L'auteur reprend le fil de l'histoire là où Les Routes de la Soie l'a laissé. Ces routes sont en pleine expansion. À nous de faire preuve de vigilance, car nous serons tous concernés.Découvrez la suite des Routes de la soie, dans laquelle l'auteur analyse le monde contemporain à la lumière de plus de 2500 ans d'Histoire.EXTRAITIl y a un quart de siècle, j'étais sur le point de quitter l'université, le monde semblait bien différent. La Guerre froide avait pris fin, ouvrant à des espoirs de paix et de sécurité. « Les actes héroïques de Boris Yeltsin et du peuple russe » avaient mis la Russie sur la voie des réformes et de la démocratie, déclara le président Clinton lors d'un sommet avec son homologue russe à Vancouver en 1993. La perspective d'une « Russie pleine d'une productivité et d'une prospérité inédites » était bonne pour tous.28L'avenir souriait aussi à l'Afrique du Sud où des négociations tendues pour mettre un terme à l'apartheid avaient suffisamment progressé pour que le comité Nobel décerne le Prix Nobel de la Paix 1993 à F. W. de Klerk et Nelson Mandela pour leur « travail en vue d'une fin pacifique au régime d'apartheid et pour avoir jeté les bases d'une nouvelle Afrique du Sud démocratique ».CE QU'EN PENSE LA CRITIQUE Quel bonheur qu'un historien de talent veuille bien jeter un regard sur la géopolitique du temps présent. - JeanAugustinAmarDuRivier, BabelioOn met en perspective ce que l'on ressent de façon impalpable au quotidien : l'émergence et l'expansion insidieuse mais massive de la Chine, le réveil de l'Inde, la montée en puissance de la Russie et le déclin des USA et de l'Europe qui n'arrivent pas à suivre ni à entrer dans la nouvelle dynamique. - manugeneve, BabelioÀ PROPOS DE L'AUTEURNé en 1971, Peter Frankopan est historien et professeur à l'Université d'Oxford, où il dirige le Centre de recherches byzantines. Conférencier et consultant pour de nombreuses organisations internationales, il est investi dans diverses oeuvres caritatives. Outre son grand succès Les Routes de la Soie, il est l'auteur d'une Histoire de la Première croisade (2012).

The West is on everyone's lips: it is defended, celebrated, hated. But how and why did it emerge? And whose idea is it? This book is about representations of the West. Drawing on sources from across the world - from Russia to Japan, Iran to Britain - it argues that the West is not merely a Western idea but something that many people around the world have long been creating and stereotyping. The Idea of the West looks at how the great political and ethnic forces of the last century defined themselves in relation to the West, addresses how Soviet communism,'Asian spirituality','Asian values'and radical Islamism used and deployed images of the West. Both topical and wide-ranging, it offers an accessible but provocative portrait of a fascinating subject and it charts the complex relationship between whiteness and the West.

Das Verhältnis zwischen Russland und dem Westen ist so schlecht wie nie zuvor seit dem Ende des Kalten Krieges. Der Kern dieser neuen Konfliktkonstellation sind harte Interessengegensätze. Aber auch eine weitgehende wechselseitige Verständnislosigkeit trägt dazu bei, dass bereits der Einstieg in einen ernsthaften Dialog schwierig geworden ist. Schlüsselbegriffe wie Sicherheit oder Stabilität bedeuten ganz Unterschiedliches für die verschiedenen Seiten. Diese schwierige Lage hat zu einem neuen Interesse an den „Narrativen“ der verschiedenen Staaten, Eliten und Bevölkerungen geführt. Jeder Versuch, zwischen den verschiedenen Sicherheits-Erzählungen vermitteln zu wollen, müsste scheitern. Vielmehr will dieser Band dazu beitragen, dass die verschiedenen Erzähler/innen besser verstehen, was die jeweils anderen meinen. Im Ergebnis zeichnen die hier abgedruckten 13 Sicherheitsnarrative ein sehr viel differenzierteres Bild, als es das bipolare Ost-West-Muster nahelegen würde.Mit Beiträgen von:Kari Möttölä, Barbara Kunz, Kornely Kakachia, Wolfgang Zellner, Serena Giusti, Andris Spruds, Barend Ter Haar, Andrei Zagorski, Christian Nünlist, Benno Zogg, Hüseyin Bagci, Ali Serdar Erdurmaz, Oleksiy Semeniy, James Gow, Philip Remler

Asiaten beteiligten sich im 19. Jahrhundert in vielen Bereichen an innereuropäischen Debatten über Moderne und Dekadenz, ausgetragen auf so unterschiedlichen Feldern wie den Wissenschaften, aber auch in Kunst und Religion.Schon vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg war die Verunsicherung der Europäer mit Händen zu greifen, Debatten um die Dekadenz der westlichen Kultur nahmen zu. Das Buch fragt danach, welche Rolle Asiaten in diesem Prozess spielten und an welchen kulturellen und wissenschaftlichen Debatten sie sich beteiligten. Es untersucht beispielsweise, was sie sie zur künstlerischen Moderne (wie dem Impressionismus) betrugen, aber auch, welche Rolle der zunehmende Rassismus für sie spielte. Die untersuchten Beiträge reichen dabei von Club-Gesprächen über Zeitungsartikel hin zu Fachartikeln.

The late Edward Said remains one of the most influential critics and public intellectuals of our time, with lasting contributions to many disciplines. Much of his reputation derives from the phenomenal multidisciplinary influence of his 1978 book Orientalism. Said's seminal polemic analyzes novels, travelogues, and academic texts to argue that a dominant discourse of West over East has warped virtually all past European and American representation of the Near East. But despite the book's wide acclaim, no systematic critical survey of the rhetoric in Said's representation of Orientalism and the resulting impact on intellectual culture has appeared until today.Drawing on the extensive discussion of Said's work in more than 600 bibliographic entries, Daniel Martin Varisco has written an ambitious intellectual history of the debates that Said's work has sparked in several disciplines, highlighting in particular its reception among Arab and European scholars. While pointing out Said's tendency to essentialize and privilege certain texts at the expense of those that do not comfortably it his theoretical framework, Varisco analyzes the extensive commentary the book has engendered in Oriental studies, literary and cultural studies, feminist scholarship, history, political science, and anthropology. He employs'critical satire'to parody the exaggerated and pedantic aspects of post-colonial discourse, including Said's profound underappreciation of the role of irony and reform in many of the texts he cites. The end result is a companion volume to Orientalism and the vast research it inspired. Rather than contribute to dueling essentialisms, Varisco provides a path to move beyond the binary of East versus West and the polemics of blame.Reading Orientalism is the most comprehensive survey of Said's writing and thinking to date. It will be of strong interest to scholars of Middle East studies, anthropology, history, cultural studies, post-colonial studies, and literary studies.

This is a disturbing account of the campaign to promote fear and hatred of Muslims in the United States and Europe, from the'War on Terror'to Trump's travel ban. Nathan Lean takes us through a world of conservative bloggers, right-wing talk show hosts, evangelical religious leaders and politicians, united in their efforts to demonise Muslims as the new enemy of Western civilization. Lean uncovers their scare tactics, traces their sources of funding and exposes the ideologies that drive their lucrative propaganda machine. This second edition includes new material on the Trump campaign and presidency, tracking the rise to power of some of the Islamophobia Industry's most extreme figures. Writers from Breitbart, liberal anti-Muslim campaigners such as Bill Maher, and Trump-influencers such as Steve Bannon, Newt Gingrich and John Bolton are all put in the spotlight. This shocking and enlightening book is now more relevant than ever.

Farewell to Modernism: On Human Devolution in the Twenty-First Century is an original, pathbreaking, revolutionary, and totalizing critique of received Modernist ideas, including Modernist Utopianism. In that vein, it unseats virtually every dearly held myth of EuroModernist discourse. It offers a new episteme based on our true ontic nature – our anthropic species-being – as an offset and correction to all brands of EuroModernist idylls, be they of Left or Right, that have repeatedly brought the world to the brink of annihilation. In sum, this book argues that neither philosophy nor social science are tenable without a true, realist anthropology of the human species that sets limits to both political idealism and social engineering.

At a time when Iran is represented in the French media as a rogue state obsessed with its nuclear programme, and when France is portrayed in the Iranian media as a decadent and imperialist country, this book highlights the role of cultural representations and perceptions. Here, Laetitia Nanquette examines the functions, processes and mechanisms of stereotyping and imagining the'other'that have pervaded the literary traditions of France and Iran when writing about each other. She furthermore analyses Franco-Iranian relations, exploring the literary traditions of this relationship, the ways in which these have affected individual authors and reflect socio-political realities. With themes that feed into popular debates about the nature of Orientalism and Occidentalism, and how the two interact, this book will be vital for researchers of Middle Eastern literature and its relationship with writings from the West, as well as those working on the cultures of the Middle East.

Gender, Continuity, and the Shaping of Modernity in the Arts of East Asia, 16th–20th Centuries explores women's and men's contributions to the arts and gendered visual representations in China, Korea, and Japan from the premodern through modern eras. A critical introduction and nine essays consider how threads of continuity and exchanges between the cultures of East Asia, Europe, and the United States helped to shape modernity in this region, in the process revealing East Asia as a vital component of the trans-Pacific world. The essays are organized into three themes: representations of femininity, women as makers, and constructions of gender, and they consider examples of architecture, painting, woodblock prints and illustrated books, photography, and textiles.Contributors are: Lara C. W. Blanchard, Kristen L. Chiem, Charlotte Horlyck, Ikumi Kaminishi, Nayeon Kim, Sunglim Kim, Radu Leca, Elizabeth Lillehoj, Ying-chen Peng, and Christina M. Spiker.Gender, Continuity, and the Shaping of Modernity in the Arts of East Asia, 16th–20th Centuries is now available in paperback for individual customers.

Challenging clichés of Japanism as a feminine taste, Bachelor Japanists argues that Japanese aesthetics were central to contests over the meanings of masculinity in the West. Christopher Reed draws attention to the queerness of Japanist communities of writers, collectors, curators, and artists in the tumultuous century between the 1860s and the 1960s.Reed combines extensive archival research; analysis of art, architecture, and literature; the insights of queer theory; and an appreciation of irony to explore the East-West encounter through three revealing artistic milieus: the Goncourt brothers and other japonistes of late-nineteenth-century Paris; collectors and curators in turn-of-the-century Boston; and the mid-twentieth-century circles of artists associated with Seattle's Mark Tobey. The result is a groundbreaking integration of well-known and forgotten episodes and personalities that illuminates how Japanese aesthetics were used to challenge Western gender conventions. These disruptive effects are sustained in Reed's analysis, which undermines conventional scholarly investments in the heroism of avant-garde accomplishment and ideals of cultural authenticity.

In the midst of Europe's nineteenth-century industrial revolution, four men embarked on separate journeys to the wondrous Farangestan – a land of fascinating objects, mysterious technologies, heavenly women, and magical spaces. Determined to learn the secret of Farangestan's advancements, the travelers kept detailed records of their observations. These diaries mapped an aspirational path to progress for curious Iranian audiences who were eager to change the course of history. Two hundred years later, Travels in Farangi Space unpacks these writings to reveal a challenging new interpretation of Iran's experience of modernity. This book opens the Persian travelers'long-forgotten suitcases, and analyzes the descriptions contained within to gain insight into Occidentalist perspectives on modern Europe. By carefully tracing the physical and mental journeys of these travelers, the book paints a picture of European architecture that is nothing like what one would expect.

Edward Said's Orientalism is a masterclass in the art of interpretation wedded to close analysis. Interpretation is characterized by close attention to the meanings of terms, by clarifying, questioning definitions, and positing clear definitions. Combined with one of the main sub-skills of analysis, drawing inferences and finding implicit reasons and assumptions in arguments, interpretation becomes a powerful tool for critical thought. In Orientalism, the theorist, critic and cultural historian Edward Said uses interpretation and analysis to closely examine Western representations of the “Orient” and ask what they are really doing, and why. One of his central arguments is that Western representations of the East and Middle East persistently define it as “other”, setting it up in opposition to the West. Through careful analysis of a range of texts and other materials, Said shows that implicit assumptions about the “Orient's” otherness underlie much Western thought and writing about it. Clarifying consistently the differences between the real-world East and the constructed ideas of the “Orient”, Said's interpretative skills power his analysis, and provide the basis for an argument that has proven hugely influential in literary criticism, philosophy, and even politics.

While inquiries into early encounters between East Asia and the West have traditionally focused on successful interactions, this collection inquires into the many forms of failure, experienced on all sides, in the period before 1850. Countering a tendency in scholarship to overlook unsuccessful encounters, it starts from the assumption that failures can prove highly illuminating and provide valuable insights into both the specific shapes and limitations of East Asian and Western imaginations of the Other, as well as of the nature of East-West interaction. Interdisciplinary in outlook, this collection brings together the perspectives of sinology, Japanese and Korean studies, historical studies, literary studies, art history, religious studies, and performance studies. The subjects discussed are manifold and range from missionary accounts, travel reports, letters and trade documents to fictional texts as well as material objects (such as tea, chinaware, or nautical instruments) exchanged between East and West. In order to avoid a Eurocentric perspective, the collection balances approaches from the fields of English literature, Spanish studies, Neo-Latin studies, and art history with those of sinology, Japanese studies, and Korean studies. It includes an introduction mapping out the field of failures in early modern encounters between East Asia and Europe, as well as a theoretically minded essay on the lessons of failure and the ethics of cross-cultural understanding.

Unlikely Partners recounts the story of how Chinese politicians and intellectuals looked beyond their country's borders for economic guidance at a key crossroads in the nation's tumultuous twentieth century. Julian Gewirtz offers a dramatic tale of competition for influence between reformers and hardline conservatives during the Deng Xiaoping era, bringing to light China's productive exchanges with the West.When Mao Zedong died in 1976, his successors seized the opportunity to reassess the wisdom of China's rigid commitment to Marxist doctrine. With Deng Xiaoping's blessing, China's economic gurus scoured the globe for fresh ideas that would put China on the path to domestic prosperity and ultimately global economic power. Leading foreign economists accepted invitations to visit China to share their expertise, while Chinese delegations traveled to the United States, Hungary, Great Britain, West Germany, Brazil, and other countries to examine new ideas. Chinese economists partnered with an array of brilliant thinkers, including Nobel Prize winners, World Bank officials, battle-scarred veterans of Eastern Europe's economic struggles, and blunt-speaking free-market fundamentalists.Nevertheless, the push from China's senior leadership to implement economic reforms did not go unchallenged, nor has the Chinese government been eager to publicize its engagement with Western-style innovations. Even today, Chinese Communists decry dangerous Western influences and officially maintain that China's economic reinvention was the Party's achievement alone. Unlikely Partners sets forth the truer story, which has continuing relevance for China's complex and far-reaching relationship with the West.

Drawing on a trove of personal accounts and cutting-edge research, a “timely and extremely important” book (The Washington Post) from the acclaimed, award-winning author of Thank You, Mr. Nixon that shows how our worldviews are shaped—and what that might mean for the shared future of the United States and China. As East and West become more and more entwined, we also continue to baffle one another. What's more important—self-sacrifice or self-definition? Do we ultimately answer to something larger than ourselves—a family, a religion, a troop? Or is our mantra “To thine own self be true”? Gish Jen shows how our worldviews are shaped by what cultural psychologists call'independent'and'interdependent'models of selfhood. Coloring what we perceive, remember, do, make, and tell, imbuing everything from our ideas about copying to our conceptions of human rights, these models help explain why the United States produced Apple while China created Alibaba—and what that might mean for our future. As engaging as it is fascinating, The Girl at the Baggage Claim is a book that profoundly transforms our understanding of ourselves and our time.

In this examination of Solzhenitsyn and his work, Lee Congdon explores the consequences of the atheistic socialism that drove the Russian revolutionary movement. Beginning with a description of the post-revolutionary Russia into which Solzhenitsyn was born, Congdon addresses the Bolshevik victory in the civil war, the origins of the concentration camp system, the Bolsheviks'war on Christianity and the Russian Orthodox Church, Solzhenitsyn's arrest near the war's end, his time in the labor camps, his struggle with cancer, his exile and increasing alienation from the Western way of life, and his return home. He concludes with a reminder of Solzhenitsyn's warning to the West—that it was on a path parallel to that which Russia had followed into the abyss.

Verhöhnen, was andern heilig ist: das ist Blasphemie. Sie gehört zu den ältesten und infamsten Mitteln der Kriegsführung. Doch das Heilige ist nicht immer das Gute. Wie, wenn es selbst furchtbar daherkommt? Wenn etwa ein'Islamischer Staat'die gesamte westliche Lebensweise als Beleidigung des Propheten erachtet? Dann müssen die Grenzen von Blasphemie, Religions- und Pressefreiheit neu vermessen werden.

هناك لوثة عقلية أصابت معظم دول أوربا ، وهذه اللوثة ليست وليدة اليوم ، ولكنها قديمة ، وليس أدل على تلك الحماقات من الحروب الصليبية التى تلظت بها بلاد المشرق ردحاً طويلاً من الزمن ، وما زالت أوربا تعلن عداوتها الدينية سافرة بلا حياء ولا استحياء.

The contributions in this book address a vast variety of questions concerning the sources and mutual inspirations in Oriental and European literatures. The authors discuss selected texts from both historical and synchronic perspectives. They reveal and scrutinise the sedimented layers in their search for the original as well as for the repetitive and universal. The book revolves around the creative reception of one's own cultural heritage and of works which originated in other cultures.

The world is troubled and full of misunderstandings. It seems a new world order of fundamentalist violence and meaningless atrocity is upon us, whilst civilised instruments for cooperation and compromise are becoming increasingly ineffective. In this timely book, Stephen Chan explores the historical and philosophical roots of difference and discord in the international system. He begins with the introduction of the Westphalian system, showing how, throughout the 20th century, new states - from the Middle East, Asia and Africa - entered that system with reservations, preconditions, and great efforts to introduce new forms of concerts and congresses but without seriously challenging the international status-quo. By contrast, the 21st century has brought turmoil and change in the form of militant Islam - be it the Taleban, Al Qaeda, or ISIS - whose varied roots and fluid emergence have so far prevented the West from being able to understand and combat it. Developing Kissinger's suspicion of Saudi Arabia as an Islamic state in Westphalian dress, Chan argues that what is at stake today is not the development of a new Caliphate or an old radicalism - but the effort to supplant and replace the Westphalian system itself. This is the complex and challenging reality to which a truly modern and persuasively relevant plural international relations must now adapt. Whether it can do so remains to be seen.

Before he became a counterculture hero, Alan Watts was known as an incisive scholar of Eastern and Western psychology and philosophy. In this 1961 classic, Watts demonstrates his deep understanding of both Western psychotherapy and the Eastern spiritual philosophies of Buddhism, Taoism, Vedanta, and Yoga. He examined the problem of humans in a seemingly hostile universe in ways that questioned the social norms and illusions that bind and constrict modern humans. Marking a groundbreaking synthesis, Watts asserted that the powerful insights of Freud and Jung, which had, indeed, brought psychiatry close to the edge of liberation, could, if melded with the hitherto secret wisdom of the Eastern traditions, free people from their battles with the self. When psychotherapy merely helps us adjust to social norms, Watts argued, it falls short of true liberation, while Eastern philosophy seeks our natural relation to the cosmos.

Failed or weak states, miscarried democratizations, and economic underdevelopment characterize a large part of the world we live in. Much work has been done on these subjects over the latest decades but most of this research ignores the deep historical processes that produced the modern state, modern democracy and the modern market economy in the first place.This book elucidates the roots of these developments. The book discusses why China was surpassed by Europeans in spite of its early development of advanced economic markets and a meritocratic state. It also hones in on the relationship between geopolitical pressure and state formation and on the European conditions that – from the Middle Ages onwards – facilitated the development of the modern state, modern democracy, and the modern market economy. Finally, the book discusses why some countries have been able to follow the European lead in the latest generations whereas other countries have not.State Formation, Regime Change and Economic Development will be of key interest to students and researchers within political science and history as well as to Comparative Politics, Political Economy and the Politics of Developing Areas.

Mindfulness, yoga, Tantra, Zen, martial arts, karma, feng shui, Ayurveda. Eastern ideas and practices associated with Asian religions and spirituality have been accommodated to a global setting as both a spiritual/religious and a broader cultural phenomenon. ‘Eastern spirituality'is present in organized religions, the spiritual New Age market, arts, literature, media, therapy, and health care but also in public institutions such as schools and prisons. Eastspirit: Transnational Spirituality and Religious Circulation in East and West describes and analyses such concepts, practices and traditions in their new ‘Western'and global contexts as well as in their transformed expressions and reappropriations in religious traditions and individualized spiritualities ‘back in the East'within the framework of mutual interaction and circulation, regionally and globally.

Foucault lived in Tunisia for two years and travelled to Japan and Iran more than once. Yet throughout his critical scholarship, he insisted that the cultures of the “Orient” constitute the “limit” of Western rationality. Using archival research supplemented by interviews with key scholars in Tunisia, Japan and France, this book examines the philosophical sources, evolution as well as contradictions of Foucault's experience with non-Western cultures. Beyond tracing Foucault's journey into the world of otherness, the book reveals the personal, political as well as methodological effects of a radical conception of cultural difference that extolled the local over the cosmopolitan.

بعد قرون من الصراع خاضها العلماء في أوربا دون كلل أو ملل في مواجهة رجال الدين توج هذا الصراع في النهاية بانتصار واضح، على الناحية الأخرى نسجل تراجعا ملحوظا وتأخرا ملموسا للعرب بعدما كانوا في المقدمة، بينما يظل السؤال قائما:'بم تقدم الأوربيون وتأخرنا؟'، في هذا الكتاب ارتاد الشيخ عبد الله النديم الإجابة الدقيقة على هذا السؤال، فاتحا أبواب الأمل أمام شعوب الشرق في الانعتاق من أغلال المأزق الحضاري الذي صنعه التخلف الذاتي الموروث، والكتاب أيضا يشتمل على تقديم للشيخ وثقافته وهويته.

'As panoramic as it is learned, this is ancient history for our globalized world.'-- Tom Holland, author of Dynasty and Rubicon Twenty-five-hundred years ago, civilizations around the world entered a revolutionary new era that overturned old order and laid the foundation for our world today. In the face of massive social changes across three continents, radical new forms of government emerged; mighty wars were fought over trade, religion, and ideology; and new faiths were ruthlessly employed to unify vast empires. The histories of Rome and China, Greece and India-the stories of Constantine and Confucius, Qin Shi Huangdi and Hannibal-are here revealed to be interconnected incidents in the midst of a greater drama. In Ancient Worlds, historian Michael Scott presents a gripping narrative of this unique age in human civilization, showing how diverse societies responded to similar pressures and how they influenced one another: through conquest and conversion, through trade in people, goods, and ideas. An ambitious reinvention of our grandest histories, Ancient Worlds reveals new truths about our common human heritage.'A bold and imaginative page-turner that challenges ideas about the world of antiquity.'Peter Frankopan, author of The Silk Roads

This book provides readers the idea of systemically synthesizing various kind of knowledge, which needs to combine analytical thinking and synthetic thinking. Systems science is expected to help in solving contemporary complex problems, utilizing interdisciplinary knowledge effectively and combining analytical thinking and synthetic thinking efficiently. However, traditional systems science has been divided into two schools: one seeks a systematic procedure to give a correct objective answer; the other develops an emergent, systemic process so that the user can continue exploratory learning. It is not an exaggeration to say that analytical thinking and synthetic thinking have been developed independently, in different schools. This book integrates approaches developed in these two schools, using ideas in knowledge science that have been emerging recently under the influence of Eastern thinking. It emphasizes the importance of utilizing intuition in systems approaches, whereas other books usually try to solve problems rationally and objectively, rejecting subjectivity. This book never denies rationality and objectivity; however, complex problems of today do not always yield to complete analysis. The novelty of this present volume is that it takes in the ideas of synthetic thinking in knowledge science to develop systems science further. The chapter contributors, who are experienced systems scientists with a profound understanding of knowledge management, discuss knowledge synthesis from the Western and Eastern cultural perspectives. The book introduces a theory on systemic knowledge synthesis in an odd chapter and then presents an application of the theory in the next chapter in order to contribute to developing translational systems science.

'Beyond The Tiger Mom is filled with tips for parents, such as how to build a language rich home and how to really get to know your child. --Harvard Ed Magazine'