Search

Serasi Program (Selamatkan Rawa Sejahterahkan Petani) is one of the programs carried out to optimize swamp land so that rice production can increase. One of the areas that implements the Serasi program in 2019 is Banyuasin precisely in Tanjung Lago Sub-district. Extension becomes a resource that bridges information from the Government to farmers. The purposes of this study are: (1) Measure the performance of agricultural extension in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, (2) Analyze the influence of extension characteristics on the performance of agricultural extension workeron the implementation of the Serasi program in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, (3) Analyze the influence of motivation on the performance of agricultural extension in the implementation of the Serasi program in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, (4) Analyze the influence of the organization's climate on agricultural extension performance in the implementation of the Serasi program in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict. This research was conducted in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, Banyuasin Regency. Data collection is conducted from February to April 2021. The sample number of 108 people consisting of 9 field agricultural extension workers (PPL) and 99 farmers was determined through multistage sampling. PPL is taken by census from PPL in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict involved in the Serasi Program. Farmer samples were taken randomly from Gapoktan in 9 PPL assisted villages, 11 farmers each. The data in the analysis uses variable indicator measurement methods and statistical analysis using Smart PLS version 3.0. The results showed: (1) the performance of extension workers in Tanjung Lago Subdistrict has an average score of 46.06 with an very good category; (2) The karaterikstic factor of extension has a positive and significant effect on the performance of agricultural extension (3) Motivational factors positively and significantly affect the performance of agricultural extension (4) The organization's climate factors positively and significantly affect the performance of agricultural extension.

The use of virtual reality (VR) applications in health sciences education and, by extension, in health sciences libraries, is growing as VR equipment has become more affordable and the desire to au...

This research is carried out with Algerian architecture students in a didactic framework which aims to demonstrate the process of defining architectural bias in the Algerian and, by extension, Mediterranean urban landscape. Many Algerian cities no longer have their character despite regional, climatic and socio-cultural particularities. The old urban fabrics are gradually transformed into precarious housing zones, concerned by a policy of resorption which disintegrates them, annihilating any historical anchoring in a style that one could qualify as Mediterranean or Algerian. It is in this environment of physical and intellectual impoverishment that we tried to understand the cognitive process that leads students to refer to this or that criterion as part of the expressionist vocabulary of Algerian architecture. Using an anchored theorizing approach, we have built up a corpus within the design learning workshop, thus resulting in a framework of formalization criteria of an architectural, spatial, colourimetric or sometimes functional order. Thus, some admit the local expression only for cultural or religious buildings while others do not conceive of an Algerian style without the presence of symbolic and often stylized or modernized artefacts, such as the trellis or the arcade. Attitudes are far from uniform and consensual.

Introdução: o Núcleo Extensionista Rondon – NER/UDESC, como uma das principais ações de Extensão da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), vem possibilitando o intercâmbio dos acadêmicos em diferentes áreas de conhecimento e a inserção da universidade em diversos cenários do estado de Santa Catarina e de outros estados da federação. Objetivo: relatar a contribuição do Rondon no processo formativo, de forma leve e baseada em um diálogo de descobertas dos referenciais teórico de Paulo Freire. Resultados: foram quatro Operações vivenciadas pelo Núcleo Extensionista Rondon – UDESC, três delas como acadêmica do curso de enfermagem do Centro Oeste Catarinense e uma dela compondo junto com um colega na coordenação da Operação. Na diversidade dos extensionistas dos diferentes núcleos do saber, desenvolvemos inúmeras atividades com diferentes indivíduos desde bebês, crianças, adolescentes, jovens, adultos até idosos. Na diversidade da comunidade, foi necessário adaptar as diferentes abordagens como para escolares, profissionais de saúde, profissionais da educação, servidores públicos, lideranças comunitárias, pessoas com necessidades especiais, pessoas em ambientes institucionalizados outras hospitalizadas, pessoas vivendo em locais de difícil acesso, entre outras. Foi necessário integrar os diferentes setores da sociedade como a educação, cultura, saúde, direitos humanos, justiça, comunicação, tecnologia, meio ambiente, trabalho e produção. As temáticas trabalhadas foram diversas de acordo com a necessidade do município e os conhecimentos de diferentes áreas do conhecimento que os acadêmicos tinham a oferecer. O Rondon proporciona a aproximação da academia com a sociedade, uma vivência de extensão na qual deveria ser oportuno à todos os acadêmicos vivenciar, pois nos aproxima do real e nos (trans) forma. Conclusão: acrescento em minha bagagem de experiências e aprendizados como rondonista, que todos devemos ser “sujeito da sua própria (trans)formação”, encontrar sentido para o que estamos fazendo e ser implicados com a realidade das comunidades, que não é estável que se movimenta e modifica.

Este artigo aborda o itinerário pedagógico do Núcleo Extensionista Rondon da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - NER/UDESC, trazendo aspectos de compreensão epistemológica, considerando as escolhas por currículo que proporcione a integração entre sociedade e universidade, no qual o conhecimento e as demandas destes espaços dialoguem na perspectiva de acesso ao que se faz necessário à uma sociedade emancipada e emancipadora, como prática política, na qual as escolhas possam ser intencionalmente dirigidas ao bem comum. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Extensão Universitária. NER/UDESC. Imersão Social.

Este relato de experiência tem como tema principal a atuação extensionista junto ao Núcleo Extensionista Rondon NER da UDESC, seus desdobramentos e consequências. Tem como objetivo apresentar o entendimento do autor sobre o conceito de extensão praticado no Brasil e sua participação nas atividades extensionistas relacionadas ao NER UDESC, além de apresentar a relevância do impacto e transformação discente proporcionados pela extensão.

The article has two objectives, to present a discussion about the conceptual-normative definition of the Extension dimension of higher education; and to analyze how the Extension accreditation has been implemented by Higher Education Institutions in Brazil, considering it became a mandatory measure demanded by national regulation since 2018. Regarding the first purpose of this study, the current concept of Extension is all-encompassing, polysemic and, as long as it is possible, neutral, allowing its instrumentalization in the higher education system from multiple interpretations of its nature. As for the second objective, among the verified curricularization models, it is noticed that some institutions seek to follow a more transformative and coherent orientation from the extension's curricularization proposals, while others simply adapt it under the pressure of a demand for change according their own circumstances.

The Immigration Restriction League (IRL) made literacy, and by extension education, a major aspect of immigration reform in United States in the early twentieth century. Appealing to an educated, c...

O presente relato é resultado de um projeto de extensão que teve como objetivo levar a cabo algumas possibilidades no que diz respeito à relação entre diferentes campos, partindo de dois principais contextos: o da produção fotográfica e o da produção textual escrita. Para isso, propusemos a relação entre fotografia e texto escrito sob dois principais vieses: o primeiro levou em consideração o fato de que fotografia também é texto e, por isso, estabelece pontos de estreitamento com a escrita, inclusive no que se refere à correspondência das linguagens; o segundo buscou pensar a produção de gêneros textuais a partir da fotografia, agregando entre esses dois pontos o processo de criação. Para isso, o projeto foi dividido em três etapas. A primeira contemplou os aspectos teóricos sobre o campo fotográfico e o campo textual; a segunda abordou os processos de escrita a partir de fotografias e seu teor narrativo; a terceira contemplou a compreensão e a reflexão acerca da constituição dos gêneros textuais e o processo artístico a partir das fotografias. Para dar conta desses aspectos, estabeleceu-se um diálogo baseado em conceitos relacionados às disciplinas de Letras, Física e Artes. Os encontros, que eram semanais e aconteciam de forma on-line, contaram com a participação da comunidade interna e externa. Em cada encontro, discutia-se um tema e, ao final, era proposto um desafio, para praticar os conceitos estudados, envolvendo escrita textual e/ou fotografia. Os resultados eram compartilhados com o grande grupo e, em seguida, divulgados no Instagram.

In 2015, India adopted the UN‟s Agenda for Sustainable Development Goal 4 which aims to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”. As the existent educational system was inadequate to meet the desired sustainable goal, the Indian government introduced the New Education Policy (NEP) in 2020. Considered as an inclusive education policy that focuses on fostering knowledge and value-based education, this study aims to evaluate the paradigm of NEP in the higher education sector. The study collected data from official policy documents (from the Ministry of Human Resource Development website) and Twitter to explore the critical areas in the NEP. By adopting the qualitative analysis method, the data were analysed using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software. After mining the data from tweets and policy documents, sentiment analysis and other forms of graphical representations were conducted. The study identified three themes namely students, language and discipline. The sentiment analysis revealed that the majority of the people were optimistic about the implementation of the NEP in the higher education sector. The study suggests practical implications for the higher educational institutes (HEIs), teachers and researchers.

Given the serious imbalance between supply and demand for domestic oil resources, it is essential to accurately identify and measure the potential problems associated with oil imports to mitigate t...

O presente artigo realiza uma análise acerca do julgado no HC 138.484/DF, portanto, tem como objeto de estudo o conceito de funcionário público - sua extensão e abrangência em relação ao disposto no artigo 327, § 1°, do Código Penal. Dessa forma, após pontuar os fundamentos dos votos ministeriais, o exame explora criticamente os principais argumentos elencados mediante a investigação do uso do termo "funcionário público" antes e depois da vigência da Constituição Federal de 1988, bem como por meio da plausibilidade de incidência do artigo 327, § 1°, do Código Penal no tocante à responsabilidade de agentes diretores de organizações sociais. Finalmente, destacando a Lei 8.429/92 e a Lei 9.637/98, o artigo apresenta o entendimento do autor sobre o acerto do que fora firmado perante o julgamento do HC 138.484/DF.

In this study, we analyze the production orientation (agroecological or conventional) of extension workers from nine countries in three continents, based on a questionnaire. We acknowledge the pote...

La experimentación con la técnica del fluir de la conciencia dentro de la producción literaria argentina del siglo XX es un tema que necesita ser estudiado con mayor profundidad. El presente artículo propone un acercamiento al mismo a través del estudio del impacto de Ulysses, de James Joyce, en la obra de Borges, Marechal, Cortázar y Saer, en particular en cuanto un conjunto de características específicas: el uso de frases fragmentadas, la parataxis, la asociación libre, la presencia de estructuras gramáticas inesperadas, la extensión del momento del presente y el juego de palabras. Este breve análisis busca contribuir al estudio de la evolución de las técnicas joyceanas en la Literatura Argentina y Latinoamericana.

Metaphysical explanations, unlike many other kinds of explanation, are standardly thought to be insensitive to our epistemic situation and so are not evaluable by cognitive values such as salience. I consider a case study that challenges this view. Some properties are distributed over an extension. For example, the property of being polka-dotted red on white, when instantiated, is distributed over a surface. Similar properties have been put to work in a variety of explanatory tasks in recent metaphysics, including: providing an analysis of change, giving to presentists truthmakers for past claims; giving to priority monists an account of basic heterogeneous entities; and giving to friends of extended simples an explanation of how an extended simple can enjoy qualitative variation. I argue that such explanations exhibit salience failure. How ought we represent the semantics of salience? Differences in linguistic stress induce semantic differences similar to the semantic differences induced in explanations by differences in salience, and I will draw an analogy with linguistic theories of focus sensitivity to sketch how one might model the role of salience in these kinds of explanations. I end with a few tentative conclusions about the role of cognitive values in metaphysical explanations. Some theorists view the citation of a ground as a sufficient explanation. If certain explanations appealing to distributed properties exhibit attenuated salience, then arguably the mere citation of a ground does not always provide an adequate explanation.

As an extension of public space, the public transport system in modern society is an arena for cross-group interactions. Uncovering social segregation in public transport space is an essential step in shaping a socially sustainable transport system. Based on 2011 origin–destination flow data for London, we simulate the working flows between each pair of connected tube stations for every occupation with minimised transfer times and travelling hours and calculate the multi-occupation segregation index for all tube stations and segments. This segregation index captures the density and diversity aspects of the working population. The results demonstrate that segregation levels vary significantly across stations, lines, and segments. Transfer stations and tube segments in the city centre do not necessarily have lower levels of segregation. Those stations or segments close to a terminus can also be socially inclusive, e.g., Heathrow. Victoria is the line with the lowest levels of segregation, and Green Park is the most socially inclusive station during commuting peaks. The proposed mapping approach demonstrates the spatial complexity in the social performance of the public transport system and provides a tool for implementing relevant policy with improved precision.

"The Influence of Leadership and Competency Behavior on The Performance of Family Planning Extension (PLKB) in the Office of Population Control and Family Planning Karawang Regency". This study aims to determine the influence of Leadership Behavior and Competency on the Performance of Kb Extension. Sampling techniques use total sampling (n = 46), and data analysis techniques using Correlation and Regression with SPSS version 22 programs. The results showed that Leadership Behavior had a positive and significant effect on the Performance of KB Extension (t count = 10.215, p < 0.00). Competency positively and significantly affects the Performance of KB Extension (t count = 2,532, p < 0.015). Leadership and Competency Behavior simultaneously positively and significantly affects the Performance of KB Extension (F count = 94.706, p < 0.00). Contribution of Commitment and Competence to the Performance of KB Extension is shown by adjusted R Square value of 0.701 or (70.1%). The remaining 29.9% is affected by other variables. The implication of this research is that there should be a policy of the head of the Karawang District Office of Population Control and Family Planning in improving the Performance of Kb Extension Workers.

The Covid-19 pandemic requires all parties to adapt to an unprecedented situation. The learning process which is usually carried out face-to-face today is very difficult because the pandemic has not subsided. Meanwhile, the quality of learning must be maintained for the sake of creating a generation that is ready to face the challenges of life in the future. Therefore, there is a need for supervision counseling carried out during this pandemic. Counseling is carried out so that teachers can prepare what items they have to do for the learning process that must continue during the covid-19 pandemic. With the presence of modern technology today that reaches all aspects of life, including the supervision of teachers, many are being developed through a touch of technology. One of them is the supervision of the learning system used by the teacher for virtual-based students. The aim is to analyze needs by referring to the supervisor's perception of the need for the development of a virtual-based supervision model that will be developed during the covid-19 pandemic. The development of this supervision model is needed because it is considered that currently supervision has not run optimally and effectively. Therefore, prior to the development of the supervision model, the authors conducted an analysis of these needs.

In The Jurists Foundation v Federal Government, the Supreme Court of Pakistan delivered a significant judgment about the country's Chief of Army Staff (COAS). The Court held that an executive attem...

This paper investigates the compatibility of Hegel’s analyses of the mechanization of work in industrial society with Hegel’s notion of freedom as rational self-determination. Work as such is for Hegel a crucial moment on the way to a more complete realization of human freedom, but, as I maintain with Adorno, the technological developments of the last two centuries raise the question of whether the nature of work itself has changed since the industrial revolution. In his Jena lectures, Hegel recognized significant problems that the mechanization of work poses for human freedom that—on my assessment—his later, mature thought does not sufficiently address. One finds, however, a more comprehensive depiction of the same worries that Hegel mentioned in his Jena lectures in Adorno’s critique of the dominant forms of labor in contemporary society and his understanding of technological rationality, which according to Adorno, dominates the contemporary world. I suggest, furthermore, that juxtaposing Hegel’s and Adorno’s thoughts on technology and the mechanization of work reveals Adorno’s philosophy of technology to be an extension, rather than a critique, of the spirit of Hegel’s own philosophical project as immanent critique of the necessary entailments of any given concept.

To improve and sustain farm productivity, farmers require information on inputs, postharvest management and markets, and exposure to new technologies and best practices. Traditionally public agricu...

Este artículo analiza desde una perspectiva histórica y sociológica aspectos esenciales de los Programas de Extensión Rural en Colombia y América Latina, sus aciertos, desaciertos y su problemática, revelando en profundidad aquellos factores de interés político, ideológico y socioeconómico que están detrás de estos programas impuestos por el mundo desarrollado a los países del Tercer Mundo, y evalúa sus consecuencias directas e indirectas para el campesinado de la región. Simultáneamente, se propone el desarrollo gradual de un tipo de extensión rural popular y pedagógica más humana y liberadora, que contribuya a solucionar la crónica y preocupante problemática del campesinado colombiano y latinoamericano.

In worldwide most of the rural population is invariably interrelated to the performance of the agrarian sector and to the sector's ability to cope with the tasks that result from growing population pressures, changing demand for food and agricultural products, resource scarcity, climate change and greater production uncertainty. The World Bank report 2007 emphasizes agricultural extension as an important development intervention for increasing the prospective of the agrarian sector. In these view Indian farm production systems, the reforms are shown to raise the role of agricultural extension services are aimed at many different strategic interventions. First, providing the significant awareness to meet the information needs of the farming community and to ensuring such information reaches to the farmers in a timely manner lies at the crux of the reforms in Indian extension reform efforts. Further, maintaining the effectiveness of the agricultural extension system as a whole and the enhancing the efficiency. The orientation of the extension structure in India is still majorly oriented on the production –led extension. But there is great need for an inclusive approach to sustainably development in the farming systems that goes beyond production led extension and considering the farmer’s problems, offered resources, the combination of farming system approach, involvement of extension agents/worker and farmers in the extension system and research etc. Therefore, these new reform measures are required yet to fully recognize in the vast array of knowledge and information sources.

We study the effects of giving poor females the right to vote in local elections on education spending and teacher-student ratios. To estimate causal effects, we exploit a national voting reform in Norwegian local elections that removed socioeconomic restrictions on female voting rights. The identification strategy exploits heterogeneous changes in the share of females in the voting franchise from the pre-reform (1907) to the post-reform election (1910) across local governments. While US studies find positive effects on government spending of the introduction of female suffrage, we find no systematic effects on education spending, despite a significant increase in female turnout.

This paper aims to reassess a notion in the works of the later Husserl that is both historically important and philosophically insightful, but remains understudied, namely, that of type. In opposit...

In the framework of the celebration of the thirtieth anniversary of the Colombian Political Constitution, this article analyzes the development of the concepts of gender and gender identity in Colombian cons- titutional law and their impact on criminal law. To do this, it resorts to the dogmatic-legal method to analyze the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court and specialized literature. The article suggests that the expansion of the concept of gender and the incorporation of the category of gender identity have allowed the adoption of measures aimed at strengthening the political, sexual, and reproductive rights of women, as well as the implementation of protection measures against various forms of gender-based violence, such as the classification of femicide and its extension to transfemicide as a criminal offence.

Breastfeeding is a health promoting social behavior but statistics suggest a persistent disparity of lower rates among African American mothers. The Theory of Normative Social Behavior (TNSB) explains when and how norms influence behaviors, but has produced inconsistent results with respect to proposed moderators group identity and injunctive norms (IN), limiting its predictive value in diverse cultural groups. Cultural norms are one of many influences on breastfeeding behaviors, yet little is known about their mechanisms of influence. The TNSB has not been tested in the breastfeeding context or within an exclusively African American cultural group. Given this knowledge gap, a survey of 528 African American mothers in the Washington, D.C. area was conducted to test the moderating effects of IN and subjective norms (SN) and social identity on the descriptive norms (DN) to intentions relationship as predicted by the TNSB. Structural equation modeling was used to show that when controlling for education and breastfeeding history, norms significantly predicted 26.4% of the variance in breastfeeding intentions. SN and DN interacted negatively to enhance breastfeeding intentions. Latent profile analysis using ethnic pride, collectivism, and religiosity scales detected four profiles of African American social identity. Social identity profile membership was a significant moderator on the DN to intentions pathway in the structural equation model. Profiles with the highest ethnic pride were significantly influenced by DN to intend to breastfeed. Implications from this study for public health intervention and communication messaging are discussed.

El propósito de este ensayo es profundizar en los distintos enfoques teóricos para la sustentabilidad de los sistemas de producción agropecuarios excluidos de la agroecología, se parte de la hipótesis de que las magnitudes que se mencionan teóricamente en esta ciencia son incompletas para expresar el alcance y el sostén de la productividad agrícola moderna y sobre todo lograr la seguridad alimentaria, por lo cual se proponen algunas extensiones que complementen las ya planteadas y se tomen como elementos básicos para dicha ciencia, la concepción filosófica y teórica para argumentar una ampliación de las dimensiones y de su aplicabilidad se origina en autores que son expertos en ciencias económicas, ecológicas y agronómicas, el ensayo sugiere ampliar más el alcance medible de esta asignatura por eso se proponen sustentable, adaptativa, pluralidad, mercado, universalidad. La medición de estas nuevas facetas para la integralidad de esta disciplina, tomando un enfoque de universalización, aplicación y entendimiento de la misma porque la asociación de estos principios es lo que hará de la disciplina una ciencia creíble y práctica.

To analyse and compare the extension objectives of individual extension agents across nine countries.Extension agents from Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, New Zealand, Nigeria, Paragua...

The extension particles are not considered as discourse markers by all researchers mainly considering the grammatical function the connectors which they are based on can present. However, as for discourse markers which “desemantisation” has been revoked, other researchers argue that extension particles maintain part of their original meaning while endorsing an intersubjective value. I try to study this question in this article for the Mauritian Creole extension particle sipa ki which is formed on the connector sipa. A fine-grained conversational and pragmatics analysis of 6 hours of ordinary conversations, collected in 2014 shows how sipa ki plays a part in conversational relation co-construction. While helping the enunciator to construct their own discourse and showing their attitude towards it, sipa ki provides information on the way the sentence has to be interpreted by soliciting (assumed) shared experience by interlocutors for message reconstruction. I argue that speech effects provided by extension particle sipa ki partly rely on the meaning of connector sipa on which it is constructed and which also holds an intersubjective value.

With a pair of oppositely valenced stimuli, rating the first one sometimes leads to a more extreme evaluation for the second (e.g., if the second is negatively valenced, rating the first stimulus would lead to a more negative rating for the second; White et al., 2014). We considered an evaluation bias in the case of clinical diagnosis relating to eating disorders. A population sample which included experienced clinical psychologists and psychiatrists, showed partial evidence of an evaluation bias, when judging descriptions of individuals designed to be consistent with eating disorders or not. Quantum probability theory, the probability rules from quantum mechanics without any of the physics, is particularly well-suited to modeling the evaluation bias (and constructive influences generally), because a measurement (or judgement) can change the state of the system. We applied a previous quantum model to the present result, an extension of the model embodying noisy processes, and Hogarth and Einhorn’s (1992) belief adjustment model. We discuss how model fits inform an examination of rationality in the observed behavior.

Deficits in cognitive empathy (CE) have been associated with a child sexual offense (CSO) history in paedophilia. However, these results have been obtained in cross-sectional comparison. There are ...

La continuidad de la formación de grado en posgrado tiene la meta de integrar los procesos de formación, investigación y extensión universitaria en una secuencia coherente, de mayor alcance de continuidad de competencias de grado hacia posgrado, que permita la vinculación y el desarrollo efectivo de las líneas de investigación en ambos niveles. Por tanto, para alcanzarlo es necesaria una metodología de trabajo constructiva, recursiva, sistemática y de participación inclusiva de los actores involucrados. Para ello, la construcción de un modelo para la continuidad de la formación de grado en posgrado explique cómo se puede vincular la formación de grado y posgrado tiene sus bases en diferentes fundamentos. Entre estas se encuentran: la metodología para construir modelos teóricos, el marco legal del país, la misión, visión y valores de la institución de educación superior, además en conceptos y teorías relacionados con modelos curriculares que favorecen el desarrollo integral de los aprendizajes, de los procesos de investigación y de extensión. Los diferentes niveles de integración (nivel de integración en la carrera de grado, nivel de integración en el eje integrador, proyectos de investigación (de intervención) y nivel de integración y vinculación con posgrado), dan coherencia al proceso de continuidad en el que se vinculan la formación, la investigación y la extensión. No obstante, el modelo se concretiza finalmente en una serie de acciones que culminan con la mejora de la formación de los programas de posgrado, tomando como base el modelo para desarrollar competencias.

Communities with large concentrations of migrants, who often live in makeshift and illegal housing, have been common on the margins of large cities in China since the 1980s. Why do so-called "urban villages" persist and even flourish despite repeated government crackdowns? By addressing this question, this article sheds light on a subtle dynamic of city making that has not been fully appreciated by scholarly literature and media reports that have focused on large-scale demolition and eviction in China's rapid urbanization. Drawing from my two years of field research in Hua village, a community on Beijing's fringes in line for land expropriation, I explore how multilateral negotiations between local residents (villagers), migrant tenants, the village committee, and municipal government led to a cyclical movement of temporary housing construction, demolition, and extension. The dynamics of recurring demolishment and reconstruction engendered spaces of suspension, which enabled migrants to enter the urban economy at a low cost. Such spaces, however, offered no formal protection or basis for developing lasting social relations, and always faced the prospect of being demolished, but nevertheless were constantly available and even expanding.

In Argentina, conservative movements got together against legal abortion. Despite their differences, these groups agree on what they have called defense of two lives as well as on the need to massively reject the bill. From a qualitative approach, focused on three descriptive axes (territorial extension and networks; national question and ways of organization and argumentative construction), this work analyzes the strategies chosen by these groups, their articulation into Unidad Provida (Pro-life Union) and the social representations they share and are determined to keep.

Using data on collective bargaining coverage for 80 countries, the authors analyse the merits of using the extension of collective agreements as a policy tool for creating a floor for conditions of work and employment. Issued by public authorities, this regulatory instrument is distinctive in that it is based on agreement between independent, autonomous and representative organizations. This gives it some of the advantages of a contract as well as those of a statute. The extension of collective agreements by public authorities can provide coverage for vulnerable workers who may not otherwise have access to social protection, while offering a highly responsive form of regulation that can be adapted to particular circumstances.

Nos toca atravesar una época en que la velocidad se ha vuelto una cuestión central en la gestión de la vida y quizás, especialmente, en la administración de la experiencia humana. Nos autopercibimos en extremo expeditivos, eficientes, exactos y hasta infalibles. La poderosa idea (ficción) de que todo, absolutamente todo, se encuentra a un clic de distancia, probablemente ha impregnado en nuestro carácter y en nuestras convicciones, la imagen del devenir atrapado en una pantalla. La extensión del cerebro en términos insospechados. El tiempo pasado, el que está transcurriendo y el venidero, juntos incluso, todo eso, pretendemos portarlo en la palma de la mano. Así, los algoritmos se encargan de ajustar, seleccionar y potenciar la memoria y la conciencia de un presente preñado de un futuro a la medida de ciertos intereses que, paradójicamente, “nos invitan a liberarnos de la obligación de un futuro”.

Consumer’s ability to touch products is an essential component of one’s retail shopping experience. When the ability to touch is not available, Virtual Reality (VR) platforms may provide a simulated medium for consumers to haptically explore products. In multiple studies, we discover that a VR retail environment (vs. an online retail website) positively impacts hedonic shopping value. Further, we demonstrate that a VR retail environment leads to consumers perceiving certain products as an extension of the body as opposed to perceiving it as a presentation of the body. Our findings reveal that a VR retail environment is more suitable for products that are perceived as an extension of the body (e.g., tools) rather than as a presentation of the body (e.g., clothes). Finally, we unveil mediating pathways to these relationships involving telepresence and need for touch.

In this article the Author analizes the issue of legal character of trade union activists released from work, covered by employers. The Author underlines the latest extension of subjective rights in this matter by Polish legislator to other than an employee persons who perform gainful work. In her opinion the remuneration for work, paid by employers at abovementioned basis may be qualified as work-related benefits of a social (even public) nature. In her opinion the current regulations in this matter are questionable in the light of the principle of the independence of trade unions and the principle of proportionality. W ramach artykułu Autorka analizuje kwestię charakteru prawnego wynagrodzeń dla działaczy związkowych zwolnionych z obowiązku świadczenia pracy, których koszty pokrywane są przez pracodawców. Autorka zwraca uwagę na ostatnie rozszerzenie przez polskiego ustawodawcę uprawnień podmiotowych w tym zakresie także na inne niż pracownicy osoby wykonujące pracę zarobkową. Jej zdaniem wypłacane przez pracodawców wynagrodzenia z tych tytułów można kwalifikować jako świadczenia związane z pracą o charakterze społecznym (a nawet publicznym). Aktualne rozwiązania w tym zakresie pozostają zdaniem Autorki wątpliwe w kontekście zasady niezależności związków zawodowych oraz zasady proporcjonalności.

A standard incomplete-information war of attrition is extended to incorporate experimentation and private learning. We obtain a characterization of all equilibria in this extended setup and use this setup to illuminate a tradeoff between short-run and long-run gains of experimentation. The extension yields qualitative impacts on the strategic nature of the problem. The option value of experimentation serves as a credible commitment device to stay in the game, which is instrumental in inducing the other player to concede earlier. As a direct consequence, there may be an equilibrium in which the strictly less efficient player can get the better end of the deal, implying that slow learning can be a blessing in this type of competition. Our analysis gives insight into why an apparently inferior technology often survives in many standards competitions and more broadly offers implications for technology adoption and industry dynamics. We also show that there is a non-degenerate set of parameters that can support the Pareto-efficient allocation as an equilibrium outcome whereas it is never possible in the standard setup.

We discuss several results in electrostatics: Onsager's inequality, an extension of Earnshaw's theorem, and a result stemming from the celebrated conjecture of Maxwell on the number of points of electrostatic equilibrium. Whenever possible, we try to provide a brief historical context and references., Comment: 14 pages

This research aims to analyze the elaboration, extension, and improvement contained in the data. The data source of this research is Naela Ali’s story of rainy days written by Naela Ali as the best-selling short story in 2018. The research data is in the form of clauses collected from short stories on rainy days. The theory used to analyze the meaning of the data is a logical-semantic theory. From this study, There are 3 types of logical semantic found in “Stories for Rainy Days” Short Story By Naela Ali: elaboration, extension, and enhancement. this research concludes that there is 83 logical semantics (expansion) found in the "stories for rainy days" consisting of 5 elaborations; 65 paratactic extensions and 1 hypotactic extension; 1 increased paratactic and 9 increased hypotactic; and 2 extensions and enhancements. The realization of logical semantic relation used in “Stories for Rainy Days” Short Story By Naela Ali based on the kinds of each logical-semantics those are: Elaboration consist of exemplification and clarification, there is no exposition. Extension consists of addition, variation, alternation. Enhancement consists of paratactic enhancement and hypotactic enhancement including manner, causal-purpose, spatial and causal-reason.

This paper explores the role of judges in authorising the extension of placements in solitary confinement in Israeli prisons for lengthy periods of time. It qualitatively examines, through content analysis of 354 Israeli court decisions, how judges negotiate and rationalise the harmful effects of solitary confinement when balanced against the prison authorities’ reasoning for subjecting prisoners to it. Finding an overall tendency to defer to the expertise of prison authorities, we examine what Sykes & Matza termed ‘techniques of neutralisation’ used by judges to distance themselves from the responsibility for solitary confinement placements and the hardship they inflict. The paper further discusses the socio-legal and organisational structures and contexts which incentivise the prioritisation of prison security/discipline over the protection of prisoners from the ‘pains of solitary confinement’.

The paper provides an analysis of Giuseppe Vitali’s contributions to differential geometry over the period 1923–1932. In particular, Vitali’s ambitious project of elaborating a generalized differential calculus regarded as an extension of Ricci-Curbastro tensor calculus is discussed in some detail. Special attention is paid to describing the origin of Vitali’s calculus within the context of Ernesto Pascal’s theory of forms and to providing an analysis of the process leading to a fully general notion of covariant derivative. Finally, the reception of Vitali’s theory is discussed in light of Enea Bortolotti and Enrico Bompiani’s subsequent works.

Entre 1992 e 2005, foram realizadas cinco edições da mostra internacional inSITE entre as cidades de San Diego (Estados Unidos) e Tijuana (México). Seguindo o modelo das bienais internacionais e tendo o compromisso de promover o espalhamento da arte pelos espaços públicos das duas cidades e adjacências, as edições do inSITE, embora não muito conhecidas no Brasil, se configuram como um relevante objeto de estudo para o aprofundamento das investigações e das reflexões em torno da arte pública nos últimos trinta anos e, por extensão, da produção de arte no contemporâneo. Neste artigo, dedicamo-nos a investigar em especial as relações entre artistas e curadoria na edição de 2005 do inSITE.

Modern media2 transformations are accompanied by changes in the spatio-temporal characteristics of social interaction. Traditional and new ways of fixing and transmitting ideas, their materialization through various communication channels are at the heart of these changes. This shapes the need for actualization of research, development of new approaches, clarification of the object and the subject of medialogical disciplines, including book studies.In this study, the main problems of modern Russian bibliology have been identified: limited potential of morally outdated approaches (structural-typological, functional, documentgraphics), a breakaway from the dynamically changing international social and humanitarian agenda and non-participation in international bibliological forums, the functioning of a closed system of scholarly communication. Among other problems are: methodological cliché, limited use of sociological methods, slow digitalization of book studies.The contemporary understanding of the production and dissemination of symbolic forms as an unstructured and non-hierarchical system requires fundamentally new research approaches, the extension of methodological tools, crossdisciplinary study of the theory and history of books.The purpose of the article is to form the concept of “a new book science” with the object which should be considered as a system with emphasis on feedback “author – writing – text – reading – reader”.A system of projects focused on practical implementation of this concept is proposed: medialogical approach development; interdisciplinary research of the history of the reader and reading in Russia; the formation of an independent scientific field – the sociology of book – and the design of the eponymous educational discipline; preparation of a modern textbook on book science for higher education.