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Given increasing globalisation, the continuing prevalence of emergencies, and the importance of rigorous research to ensure the mental health needs of populations exposed to emergencies are effectively met, cross-language research will continue to arise. Drawing upon the lead author's experience of conducting a cross-language qualitative study in three post-conflict settings in South Asia, this article discusses methodological considerations raised when interviewing with interpreters. These include considering interpreter positionality and matching; the approach to cross-language mediation during interviews; and assessing the quality of interpreter facilitated interviews. Drawing upon approaches taken in this study, the important choices researchers face about how these are managed are examined, considering the roles of researcher and interpreter positionality, the research context, and the epistemological underpinnings of the research. The discussion further illuminates the interrelated methodological, practical and ethical considerations for other researchers embarking upon similar research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the experiences of adults conceived following sperm donation, who were registered with a voluntary DNA linking register and considers: how awareness of being donor-conceived affected their identity and family relationships; and the process of searching for their donor and donor-conceived siblings. The views and experiences of donor-conceived adults has, until recently, been a relatively neglected research area. This study is the first, to our knowledge, to consider the experiences of donor-conceived adults using a DNA-based register. This paper presents qualitative data from a questionnaire-based study with 65 adults conceived following sperm donation. It examines how ideas of relatedness, kinship and identity are enacted and how narrative certainties are challenged by opening up new conceptions of what it means to be ‘related’. No single story of being donor-conceived emerged - with competing narratives about the effects and implications for respondents’ kinship relationships and sense of identity. The knowledge of being donor-conceived could be both a powerful disrupter and a consolidator of existing family relationships. This study sheds light on how identity and kinship relationships are negotiated and managed by donor-conceived adults, both with their existing family and donor ‘relations’, and how these can change over the life-course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This article considers the disclosure, sharing and exchange of information on being donor conceived within families, drawing on data from a study undertaken with donor‐conceived adults registered with UK Donor Link (a voluntary DNA‐linking register). This paper considers the narratives of how respondents found out they were donor‐conceived and what events triggered disclosure of this information. This paper then goes on to examine the role secrecy played in their family life and uses the concept of ‘display’ to explore how secrecy affected their relationships with their immediate and extended family. Secrets are notoriously ‘leaky’ and we found complex patterns of knowing and uncertainty about whom in the family knew that the person was donor‐conceived. We argue that what is kept secret and from whom provides insights into the multifaceted web of social relationships that can be created by donor‐conception, and how knowledge can be managed and controlled in attempts to display and maintain family narratives of biogenetic connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: "Data Saves Lives" is a public engagement campaign that highlights the benefits of big data research and aims to establish public trust for this emerging research area.Objective: This study explores how the hashtag #DataSavesLives is used on Twitter. We focused on the period when the UK government and its agencies adopted #DataSavesLives in an attempt to support their plans to set up a new database holding National Health Service (NHS) users' medical data.Methods: Public tweets published between April 19 and July 15, 2021, using the hashtag #DataSavesLives were saved using NCapture for NVivo 12. All tweets were coded twice. First, each tweet was assigned a positive, neutral, or negative attitude toward the campaign. Second, inductive thematic analysis was conducted. The results of the thematic analysis were mapped under 3 models of public engagement: deficit, dialogue, and participatory.Results: Of 1026 unique tweets available for qualitative analysis, discussion around #DataSavesLives was largely positive (n=716, 69.8%) or neutral (n=276, 26.9%) toward the campaign with limited negative attitudes (n=34, 3.3%). Themes derived from the #DataSavesLives debate included ethical sharing, proactively engaging the public, coproducing knowledge with the public, harnessing potential, and gaining an understanding of big data research. The Twitter discourse was largely positive toward the campaign. The hashtag is predominantly used by similar-minded Twitter users to share information about big data projects and to spread positive messages about big data research when there are public controversies. The hashtag is generally used by organizations and people supportive of big data research. Tweet authors recognize that the public should be proactively engaged and involved in big data projects. The campaign remains UK centric. The results indicate that the communication around big data research is driven by the professional community and remains 1-way as members of the public rarely use the hashtag.Conclusions: The results demonstrate the potential of social media but draws attention to hashtag usage being generally confined to "Twitter bubbles": groups of similar-minded Twitter users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: An integrated analysis was performed using safety data from 18 randomized, parallel-group studies from the fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) GSK asthma clinical study program. Efficacy data from four pivotal studies were also analyzed. Methods: Data were integrated from 18 Phase IIb and Phase III clinical studies. Key treatment arms were FF/VI 200/25 µg, FF/VI 100/25 µg, FF 200 µg, FF 100 µg, VI [with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs)] 25 µg, and placebo. Safety endpoints included adverse events (AEs), AEs of special interest, 24-h urinary cortisol, vital signs, electrocardiograms, and asthma composite endpoints (defined as asthma-related hospitalizations, intubations, or death). Key efficacy endpoints included lung function assessments and symptomatic measures. Results: In total, 7229 patients were randomized to one of six key treatment groups. The most frequently experienced AEs across key treatment groups were headache, nasopharyngitis, and upper respiratory tract infection. A greater incidence of local steroid effects was reported with FF-containing treatment groups versus placebo. No statistically significant difference was observed in asthma composite endpoint (asthma-related hospitalizations, intubations, or death) analysis of all FF/VI doses versus all ICS doses. A statistically significant difference in trough forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV), 0-24 h weighted mean FEV, and rescue-free and symptom-free 24 h periods was reported between FF/VI and FF treatment groups in all studies except one (NCT01165138). Conclusion: There was no evidence of an increased safety risk associated with FF/VI versus FF, VI, or placebo. FF/VI improved lung function and symptomatic endpoints versus FF alone. These data support the positive benefit:risk ratio of FF/VI versus FF alone and of having two approved FF/VI strengths to ensure appropriate treatment for patients with different asthma severity. Funding: GSK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently the World Health Organization (WHO) has highlighted the need to strengthen mental health systems following emergencies, including natural and manmade disasters. Mental health services need to be informed by culturally attuned evidence that is developed through research. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish rigorous ethical research practice to underpin the evidence-base for mental health services delivered during and following emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the author discusses issues regarding research without consent also called 'deffered consent' in case of pediatric critical care trials. Topics discussed include Exception from Informed Consent (EFIC) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the same, conditions for conducting deferred consent research such as urgent requirement of treatment and approval from ethics committee, and points to tell to child's parent such as reason and purpose of the research.