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Introduction: To conduct a network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and incidence of treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) of eltrombopag, romiplostim, avatrombopag, recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) and hetrombopag for adult immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Methods: Randomized controlled trails (RCTs) of the five therapies from inception to June 1, 2022 were included. The efficacy outcome was the rate of platelet response, defined as the achievement of platelet counts above 50 x 109/L. Pairwise odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were caculated. The surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was used to rank the included therapies for each outcome. Results: In total, 1,360 participants were analyzed in 14 eligible RCTs. All of the therapies showed a significantly better platelet response than the placebo, and avatrombopag (OR, 7.42; 95% CI, 1.74–31.69) and rhTPO (OR, 3.86; 95%CI, 1.62–9.18) were better than eltrombopag. Regarding TRAEs, no significant differences were found between patients receiving eltrombopag, romiplostim, and avatrombopag. Avatrombopag carried the highest platelet response rate with SUCRA value of 87.5, and carried the least TRAEs risk with SUCRA value of 37.0. Conclusions: These findings indicated that avatrombopag appeared to be the optimal choice as the second-line therapy of adult ITP.

Various studies have suggested that metabolic genes play a significant role in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The current study aimed to identify a metabolic signature related biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with PTC. We conducted a comprehensive analysis on the data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The correlation between survival result and metabolic genes was evaluated based on the univariate Cox analyses, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox analyses. The performance of a 7-gene signature was assessed according to Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was adopted to unearth clinical factors related to the recurrence free survival (RFS) of patients with PTC. Finally, a prognostic nomogram was developed based on risk score, cancer status and cancer width to improve the prediction for RFS of PTC patients. Seven metabolic genes were used to establish the prognostic model. The ROC curve and C-index exhibited high value in training, testing and the whole TCGA datasets. The established nomogram, incorporating the 7-metabolic gene signature and clinical factors, was able to predict the RFS with high effectiveness. The 7-metabolic gene signature-based nomogram had a good performance to predict the RFS of patients with PTC. Our study identified a 7-metabolic gene signature and established a prognostic nomogram, which were useful in predicting the RFS of PTC.

Investigation of proteins in their native state is the core of proteomics towards better understanding of their structures and functions. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has shown its unique advantages in protein characterization with fingerprint information and high sensitivity, which makes it a promising tool for proteomics. It is still challenging to obtain SERS spectra of proteins in the native state and evaluate the native degree. Here, we constructed 3D physiological hotspots for a label-free dynamic SERS characterization of a native protein with iodide-modified 140 nm Au nanoparticles. We further introduced the correlation coefficient to quantitatively evaluate the variation of the native degree, whose quantitative nature allows us to explicitly investigate the Hofmeister effect on the protein structure. We realized the classification of a protein of SARS-CoV-2 variants in 15 min, which has not been achieved before. This study offers an effective tool for tracking the dynamic structure of proteins and biomedical research.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of COVID - 19 infection in Danzhou, Hainan province. Methods: Case-control study was used, and the 1:4 control group of healthy residents (in Danzhou, Haikou, Beijing) were selected based on the matching conditions including same age and sex, age ±2 years. The main contents of the questionnaire included living habits, dietary habits living environment, and exposure history. Results: There were 14 COVID - 19 patients in Danzhou. And the control group included 56 residents from Danzhou, Haikou and Beijing. It was found that 85.7% (12/14) of the subjects in the case group exercise regularly. The exercise places were mainly community parks in Danzhou and Haikou, while mainly gyms or stadiums in Beijing. For dietary habits, control group in Beijing tended to using serving chopsticks when having dinner with family members or others than that in the case group (50.0% vs. 21.4%, 78.6% vs. 35.7%). The results of exposure history showed that living in Wuhan or other city with cases reports in recent two months, contacting people who had living history in Wuhan or other city with cases reports in recent two months, and contacted people who confirmed COVID-19 infection or had symptoms recent two months were risk factors. Conclusion: For infectious diseases, exposure history was the most important risk factor. The influence of lifestyle differences may be smaller compared with exposure, and the individual specificity might lead to the infection-related factors difficult to found. In future studies, matching variables should be carefully selected in the case-control study of infectious diseases, and possible risk factors should be more comprehensively investigated.

Objective: To compare the characteristics of COVID-19 patients and healthy people, including living habits and living environment in Danzhou, Hainan province, to provide evidence for policy making for disease control. Methods: Case-control study was used, and the 1:1 control group in Danzhou based on the matching conditions including same age and sex, age ±2 years. The main contents of the questionnaire included social democracy characteristics, living habits, living environment, and exposure history. Results: There were 14 COVID - 19 patients in Danzhou. In the comparison of the daily habits, it was found that the number of people in the case group who had the habit of wearing masks after catching a cold was lower than that in the control group. And the number of people in the case group who had the habit of spitting was higher than that in the control group. Besides, the results of the survey on eating habits showed that there was less than half of the subjects used serving chopsticks and spoons when having dinner with family members or others, both in the case group and the control group. In the comparison of preferred food types, 6 people (42.9%) in the case group preferred cold vegetables, while only 2 people (14.3%) in the control group preferred cold vegetables. In comparison with the travel history and contact history of COVID-19, 12 people (85.7%) in the case group had travel history in Wuhan or other regions, but only two in the control group had a history of living in Wuhan or other places.1:1 paired analysis showed that 5 pairs of had habits of spitting in the case group but had no habits of spitting in control group, and 1 pair had habits of spitting in control group but had no habits of spitting in the case group, the OR value was 5.0. Besides, there were 2 pairs of had the habit of wearing a mask when they went out after catching a cold in control group but not in the case group, and 4 pairs of had the habit of wearing a mask when they went out after catching a cold in control group but no such habit in case group, and the OR value was 0.5. In the investigation of dietary habits, the comparison results of whether like cold vegetables, tea and parties showed that the OR values were all greater than 1. Conclusion: For infectious diseases, exposure history was the most important risk factor. In future studies, possible risk factors should be more comprehensively investigated.

In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to prepare highly amorphous Ni-B alloy coating, the control variable method was used to explore the influence law of bath composition on the amorphous process of Ni-B alloy coating, and the electrodeposition method was used to prepare high-B amorphous Ni-B composite coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the phase structure of the sedimentary layer, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy spectrum analysis (EDS) were used to investigate the microscopic morphology and element distribution composition of the sedimentary layer. The results show that the sedimentary layer can be changed from crystalline state to amorphous state by controlling the composition of solution. The resulting sediments are highly amorphous. This system can be electrodeposited to obtain amorphous Ni-B alloy sediments with a complete, close and meticulous surface, and almost no metal crystal diffraction peak. The content of B in the sediments can be increased to 10.21%(mass fraction).

Pepsinogen C (PGC) is considered to be the final product of mature differentiated gastric mucosa. The expression level of PGC in gastric mucosa is clearly decreased upon the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, the mechanism behind PGC's down-regulation remains unclear and needs to be clarified. This study aimed to identify PGC-related ncRNAs with the potential to be PGC post-transcriptional regulators and to further explore the association between these ncRNAs and the clinicopathological parameters of GC. Bioinformatic software was used to predict miRNAs binding specifically to PGC and circRNAs binding specifically to these candidate miRNAs. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate the completely complementary pairing of PGC and PGC-related ncRNAs. qRT-PCR was applied to determine the expression levels of PGC and PGC-related ncRNAs in GC tissue. hsa-let-7c was predicted to bind to the PGC gene, which was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. hsa_circ_0001483 and hsa_circ_0001324 were identified to bind to hsa-let-7c by bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. In addition, the hsa_circ_0001483/hsa_circ_0001324 -hsa-let-7c-PGC axis was confirmed in tissue by qRT-PCR. The expression level of hsa_circ_0001483 was correlated with peritumoral inflammatory cell infiltration and lymphatic metastasis. hsa_circ_0001483, hsa_circ_0001324, and let-7c were newly identified and validated as PGC-related ncRNAs and showed associations with the clinicopathological features of GC. The hsa_circ_0001483/hsa_circ_0001324-hsa-let-7c-PGC axis in GC may account for the down-regulation of PGC in GC tissue.

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