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Bone development shows certain regularity with age. The regularity can be used to infer age and serve many fields such as justice， medicine， archaeology， etc. As a non-invasive evaluation method of the epiphyseal development stage， MRI is widely used in living age estimation. In recent years， the rapid development of machine learning has significantly improved the effectiveness and reliability of living age estimation， which is one of the main development directions of current research. This paper summarizes the analysis methods of age estimation by knee joint MRI， introduces the current research trends， and future application trend.

Oil contamination is problematic in subaqueous environments. Here, a cationic poly(N,N-dimethyl-N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-N-[2'-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl]- ammonium chloride) (PCBMAE) was synthesized, and a one-step approach of dopamine-assisted codeposition was used to generate PCBMAE/ polydopamine (PDA) superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic coatings coated on a stainless steel mesh for oil/water separation. The structures, surface morphologies, and properties of the coatings were analyzed by IR, SEM, TGA, and contact angle measurements. During deposition at a PCBMAE and DA mass ratio of 1:1, PCBMAE/PDA mixture particles uniformly adhered to the skeletons of the mesh, increased the surface roughness, created enriched surface micro/nanostructures, and reduced the surface energy of the coating. This endowed the metal mesh with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity (oil contact angle 163[degrees]) without blocking the mesh, and the deposition density was 0.26 mg/[cm.sup.2]. The separation efficiency of the coated mesh was 99.6% for the first castor oil/water separation and dropped to 98.0% after 5 cycles. After 25 cycles, the separation efficiency was still higher than 95%. The PCBMAE/PDA codeposited mesh exhibited high oil/water separation efficiency, stable mechanical properties, and weather stability under different harsh environments, making it a promising separation material for future industrial applications. KEYWORDS cationic polymer, dopamine-assisted codeposition, metal mesh, oil/water separation, superhydrophilicity, underwater superoleophobicity, 1 | INTRODUCTION Oil/water separation, whether pollution of oil spill accidents or industrial wastewater, has become an urgent challenge in the world. [1-3] At present, common approaches used for oil/water [...]

Objective To observe the effect of pseudolaric acid B(PAB) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell line SU-DHL-4 possibly and to explore the potential mechanism through regulating miR-4282. Methods SU-DHL-4 cells were divided into control group, PAB-L group, PAB-M group, PAB-H group; According to liposome method, miR-NC and miR-4282 were transfected into the cells and were marked as miR-NC group, miR-4282 group; The anti-miR-NC, anti-miR-4282 were transfected into the cells,cultured with 20 μmol/L PAB, denoted as (PAB+anti-miR-NC)group and(PAB+anti-miR-4282)group. Cell pro- liferation was detected by CCK8 assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of Ki-67,cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 protein was detected by Western blot and miR-4282 expression was detected by RT-qPCR. Results Compared with the control group, Ki-67 protein expression in PAB-L group, PAB-M group, and PAB-H group was decreased while miR-4282 expression, and the apoptosis rate, cell inhibition rate, protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 were increased (P＜0.05). Compared with the miR-NC group, Ki-67 protein expression in miR-4282 group decreased, while miR-4282 expression, the apoptosis rate, cell inhibition rate, protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 were all increased (P＜0.05). Inhibition of miR-4282 expression reduced the effect of PAB on the proliferation and apoptosis of SU-DHL-4 cells. Conclusions PAB may inhibit the proliferation of human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell SU-DHL-4 and promote apoptosis through increased expression of miR-4282.

Abstract Background Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important signaling molecule participating in multiple biological functions. Previous studies have confirmed the valuable roles of CO in cancer therapies. If the CO concentration and distribution can be controlled in tumors, new cancer therapeutic strategy may be developed to benefit the patient survival. Results In this study, a UiO-67 type metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoplatform was produced with cobalt and ruthenium ions incorporated into its structure (Co/Ru-UiO-67). Co/Ru-UiO-67 had a size range of 70–90 nm and maintained the porous structure, with cobalt and ruthenium distributed uniformly inside. Co/Ru-UiO-67 was able to catalyze carbon dioxide into CO upon light irradiation in an efficient manner with a catalysis speed of 5.6 nmol/min per 1 mg Co/Ru-UiO-67. Due to abnormal metabolic properties of tumor cells, tumor microenvironment usually contains abundant amount of CO2. Co/Ru-UiO-67 can transform tumor CO2 into CO at both cellular level and living tissues, which consequently interacts with relevant signaling pathways (e.g. Notch-1, MMPs etc.) to adjust tumor microenvironment. With proper PEGylation (pyrene-polyacrylic acid-polyethylene glycol, Py-PAA-PEG) and attachment of a tumor-homing peptide (F3), functionalized Co/Ru-UiO-67 could accumulate strongly in triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast tumors, witnessed by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging after the addition of radioactive zirconium-89 (89Zr) into Co-UiO-67. When applied in vivo, Co/Ru-UiO-67 could alter the local hypoxic condition of MDA-MB-231 tumors, and work synergistically with tirapazamine (TPZ). Conclusion This nanoscale UiO-67 MOF platform can further our understanding of CO functions while produce CO in a controllable manner during cancer therapeutic administration. Graphical Abstract

ABSTRACT Phytoene synthase (PSY) is a key enzyme in carotenoid metabolism and often regulated by orange protein. However, few studies have focused on the functional differentiation of the two PSYs and their regulation by protein interaction in the β-carotene-accumulating Dunaliella salina CCAP 19/18. In this study, we confirmed that DsPSY1 from D. salina possessed high PSY catalytic activity, whereas DsPSY2 almost had no activity. Two amino acid residues at positions 144 and 285 responsible for substrate binding were associated with the functional variance between DsPSY1 and DsPSY2. Moreover, orange protein from D. salina (DsOR) could interact with DsPSY1/2. DbPSY from Dunaliella sp. FACHB-847 also had high PSY activity, but DbOR could not interact with DbPSY, which might be one reason why it could not highly accumulate β-carotene. Overexpression of DsOR, especially the mutant DsORHis, could significantly improve the single-cell carotenoid content and change cell morphology (with larger cell size, bigger plastoglobuli, and fragmented starch granules) of D. salina. Overall, DsPSY1 played a dominant role in carotenoid biosynthesis in D. salina, and DsOR promoted carotenoid accumulation, especially β-carotene via interacting with DsPSY1/2 and regulating the plastid development. Our study provides a new clue for the regulatory mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in Dunaliella. IMPORTANCE Phytoene synthase (PSY) as the key rate-limiting enzyme in carotenoid metabolism can be regulated by various regulators and factors. We found that DsPSY1 played a dominant role in carotenogenesis in the β-carotene-accumulating Dunaliella salina, and two amino acid residues critical in the substrate binding were associated with the functional variance between DsPSY1 and DsPSY2. Orange protein from D. salina (DsOR) can promote carotenoid accumulation via interacting with DsPSY1/2 and regulating the plastid development, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of massive accumulation of β-carotene in D. salina.

It is highly desirable to develop an efficient and sustainable strategy for converting propylene into high value-added products under mild conditions. In this work, the tandem oxidation of propylene to propylene glycol was achieved by coupling electrosynthesis of H2O2 by 2e- ORR on an oxygen-doped carbon catalyst with thermocatalytic oxidation of propylene by H2O2 on titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) in a flow cell. For a composite catalyst with the optimal composition which balances electron transfer and H2O2 mass transport, the selectivity towards propylene glycol and the utilization efficiency of H2O2 can reach 79.7 % and 47.6 %, respectively. The yield of propylene glycol is 4.28 mmol gcat-1h−1. This study provides a promising approach to electrochemical propylene conversion in the future.

ObjectiveTo reduce the dimension of characteristic information extracted from pelvic CT images by using principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares （PLS） methods. To establish a support vector machine （SVM） classification and identification model to identify if there is pelvic injury by the reduced dimension data and evaluate the feasibility of its application.MethodsEighty percent of 146 normal and injured pelvic CT images were randomly selected as training set for model fitting， and the remaining 20% was used as testing set to verify the accuracy of the test， respectively. Through CT image input， preprocessing， feature extraction， feature information dimension reduction， feature selection， parameter selection， model establishment and model comparison， a discriminative model of pelvic injury was established.ResultsThe PLS dimension reduction method was better than the PCA method and the SVM model was better than the naive Bayesian classifier （NBC） model. The accuracy of the modeling set， leave-one-out cross validation and testing set of the SVM classification model based on 12 PLS factors was 100%， 100% and 93.33%， respectively.ConclusionIn the evaluation of pelvic injury， the pelvic injury data mining model based on CT images reaches high accuracy， which lays a foundation for automatic and rapid identification of pelvic injuries.