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415 results on '"Hinkel, D."'

151. Using laser entrance hole shields to increase coupling efficiency in indirect drive ignition targets for the National Ignition Facility

Author

Callahan, D. A., primary, Amendt, P. A., additional, Dewald, E. L., additional, Haan, S. W., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Izurni, N., additional, Jones, O. S., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Lindl, J. D., additional, Pollaine, S. M., additional, Suter, L. J., additional, Tabak, M., additional, and Turner, R. E., additional

Published
2006
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152. Hard x-ray and hot electron environment in vacuum hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility

Author

McDonald, J. W., primary, Suter, L. J., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Foster, J. M., additional, Celeste, J. R., additional, Holder, J. P., additional, Dewald, E. L., additional, Schneider, M. B., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Kauffman, R. L., additional, Atherton, L. J., additional, Bonanno, R. E., additional, Dixit, S. N., additional, Eder, D. C., additional, Haynam, C. A., additional, Kalantar, D. H., additional, Koniges, A. E., additional, Lee, F. D., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Manes, K. R., additional, Munro, D. H., additional, Murray, J. R., additional, Shaw, M. J., additional, Stevenson, R. M., additional, Parham, T. G., additional, Van Wonterghem, B. M., additional, Wallace, R. J., additional, Wegner, P. J., additional, Whitman, P. K., additional, Young, B. K., additional, Hammel, B. A., additional, and Moses, E. I., additional

Published
2006
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153. Coupling of High Power Lasers to Small, Hot Targets at the National Ignition Facility

Author

Schneider, M. B., primary, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Bower, D.E., additional, Bruns, H.C., additional, Campbell, K.M., additional, Celeste, J.R., additional, Compton, S., additional, Costa, R.L., additional, Dewald, E. L., additional, Dixit, S.N., additional, Eckart, M.J., additional, Eder, D.C, additional, Edwards, M.J., additional, Ellis, A.D., additional, Emig, J.A., additional, Froula, D.H., additional, Glenzer, S.H., additional, Hargrove, D., additional, Haynam, C.A., additional, Heeter, R. F., additional, Henesian, M.A., additional, Holder, J.P., additional, Holtmeier, G., additional, James, D.L., additional, Jancaitis, K.S., additional, Kalantar, D.H., additional, Kamperschroer, J.H., additional, Kauffman, R.L., additional, Kimbrough, J., additional, Kirkwood, R., additional, Koniges, A.E., additional, Landen, O.L., additional, Landon, M., additional, Langdon, A.B., additional, Lee, F.D., additional, MacGowan, B.J., additional, Mackinnon, A.J., additional, Manes, K.R., additional, Marshall, C., additional, May, M.J., additional, McDonald, J.W., additional, Menapace, J., additional, Moses, E.I., additional, Munro, D.H., additional, Murray, J.R., additional, Niemann, C., additional, Pellinen, D., additional, Power, G. D., additional, Rekow, V., additional, Ruppe, J.A., additional, Schein, J., additional, Shepherd, R., additional, Singh, M.S., additional, Springer, P.T., additional, Still, C.H., additional, Suter, L.J., additional, Tietbohl, G.L., additional, Turner, R.E., additional, VanWonterghem, B.M., additional, Wallace, R.J., additional, Warrick, A., additional, Weber, F., additional, Wegner, P.J., additional, Williams, E.A., additional, Young, B.K., additional, Young, P.E., additional, and Baldis, H.A., additional

Published
2005
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154. Laser coupling to reduced-scale hohlraum targets at the Early Light Program of the National Ignition Facility

Author

Hinkel, D. E., primary, Schneider, M. B., additional, Baldis, H. A., additional, Bonanno, G., additional, Bower, D. E., additional, Campbell, K. M., additional, Celeste, J. R., additional, Compton, S., additional, Costa, R., additional, Dewald, E. L., additional, Dixit, S. N., additional, Eckart, M. J., additional, Eder, D. C., additional, Edwards, M. J., additional, Ellis, A., additional, Emig, J. A., additional, Froula, D. H., additional, Glenzer, S. H., additional, Hargrove, D., additional, Haynam, C. A., additional, Heeter, R. F., additional, Henesian, M. A., additional, Holder, J. P., additional, Holtmeier, G., additional, James, L., additional, Jancaitis, K. S., additional, Kalantar, D. H., additional, Kamperschroer, J. H., additional, Kauffman, R. L., additional, Kimbrough, J., additional, Kirkwood, R. K., additional, Koniges, A. E., additional, Landen, O. L., additional, Landon, M., additional, Langdon, A. B., additional, Lee, F. D., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Mackinnon, A. J., additional, Manes, K. R., additional, Marshall, C., additional, May, M. J., additional, McDonald, J. W., additional, Menapace, J., additional, Moses, E. I., additional, Munro, D. H., additional, Murray, J. R., additional, Niemann, C., additional, Pellinen, D., additional, Rekow, V., additional, Ruppe, J. A., additional, Schein, J., additional, Shepherd, R., additional, Singh, M. S., additional, Springer, P. T., additional, Still, C. H., additional, Suter, L. J., additional, Tietbohl, G. L., additional, Turner, R. E., additional, Van Wonterghem, B. M., additional, Wallace, R. J., additional, Warrick, A., additional, Watts, P., additional, Weber, F., additional, Wegner, P. J., additional, Williams, E. A., additional, Young, B. K., additional, and Young, P. E., additional

Published
2005
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159. Update on Ignition Target Fabrication Specifications

Author

Haan, S W, primary, Dittrich, T., additional, Strobel, G., additional, Hatchett, S, additional, Hinkel, D, additional, Marinak, M, additional, Munro, D, additional, Jones, O, additional, Pollaine, S, additional, and Suter, L, additional

Published
2002
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160. Radiation hydrodynamics with backscatter and beam spray in gas filled hohlraum experiments at the National Ignition Facility *

Author

Goldman, S. R., Fernández, J. C., Hoffman, N. M., Kline, J. L., Workman, J. B., Rose, H. A., Dodd, E. S., Grondalski, J. P., Pollak, G. D., Schmitt, M. J., Powers, W. J., Braun, D. G., Hinkel, D. E., Holder, J. P., Suter, L. J., Goldman, S. R., Fernández, J. C., Hoffman, N. M., Kline, J. L., Workman, J. B., Rose, H. A., Dodd, E. S., Grondalski, J. P., Pollak, G. D., Schmitt, M. J., Powers, W. J., Braun, D. G., Hinkel, D. E., Holder, J. P., and Suter, L. J.

Abstract

Several experiments using either CO2or propane gas filled halfraums [i.e. hohlraums with a single laser entry hole (LEH)] have been shot at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in a joint Los Alamos/Livermore collaboration. The experiments have been modeled by the Lasnex code. The possibility of beam spray due to filamentation of the incident laser beam is assessed through simulations which parametrically decrease the f-number of the beam at times of high intensity. The uncertainty in heat transport is evaluated through parametric variations in the electron thermal flux limit (fe). Each calculation in the resulting two parameter set is post-processed to simulate outputs which can be compared with Dante detector results for the soft X-ray flux through the LEH, and gated, framed images of hard X-rays (FXI) through the hohlraum side walls. Simulations which well match the data for both gases indicate that the laser energy is penetrating the gas filled hohlraum even towards the end of the pulse. This suggests that the gas fill is useful in keeping the hohlraum open to laser energy throughout the pulse.

Published
2006
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161. Laser-plasma interactions in high-energy density plasmas

Author

Constantin, C. G., Baldis, H. A., Schneider, M. B., Hinkel, D. E., Langdon, A. B., Seka, W., Bahr, R., Depierreux, S., Constantin, C. G., Baldis, H. A., Schneider, M. B., Hinkel, D. E., Langdon, A. B., Seka, W., Bahr, R., and Depierreux, S.

Abstract

Laser-plasma interactions (LPI) have been studied experimentally in high-temperature, high-energy density plasmas. The studies have been performed using the Omega laser at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE), Rochester, NY. Up to 10 TW of power was incident upon reduced-scale hohlraums, distributed in three laser beam cones. The hot hohlraums fill quickly with plasma. Late in the laser pulse, most of the laser energy is deposited at the laser entrance hole, where most of the LPI takes place. Due to the high electron temperature, the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) spectrum extends well beyond ${\rm \omega}_{0}$/2, due to the Bohm-Gross shift. This high-temperature, high-energy density regime provides a unique opportunity to study LPI beyond inertial confinement fusion (ICF) conditions.

Published
2006
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162. Laser coupling to reduced-scale targets at NIF Early Light

Author

Hinkel, D. E., Schneider, M. B., Young, B. K., Holder, J. P., Langdon, A. B., Baldis, H. A., Bonanno, G., Bower, D. E., Bruns, H. C., Campbell, K. M., Celeste, J. R., Compton, S., Costa, R. L., Dewald, E. L., Dixit, S. N., Eckart, M. J., Eder, D. C., Edwards, M. J., Ellis, A. D., Emig, J. A., Froula, D. H., Glenzer, S. H., Hargrove, D., Haynam, C. A., Heeter, R. F., Henesian, M. A., Holtmeier, G., James, D. L., Jancaitis, K. S., Kalantar, D. H., Kamperschroer, J. H., Kauffman, R. L., Kimbrough, J., Kirkwood, R. K., Koniges, A. E., Landen, O. L., Landon, M., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., Manes, K. R., Marshall, C., May, M. J., McDonald, J. W., Menapace, J., Moses, S. E.I., Munro, D. H., Murray, J. R., Niemann, C., Pellinen, D., Power, G. D., Rekow, V., Ruppe, J. A., Schein, J., Shepherd, R., Singh, M. S., Springer, P. T., Still, C. H., Suter, L. J., Tietbohl, G. L., Turner, R. E., VanWonterghem, B. M., Wallace, R. J., Warrick, A., Watts, P., Weber, F., Wegner, P. J., Williams, E. A., Young, P. E., Hinkel, D. E., Schneider, M. B., Young, B. K., Holder, J. P., Langdon, A. B., Baldis, H. A., Bonanno, G., Bower, D. E., Bruns, H. C., Campbell, K. M., Celeste, J. R., Compton, S., Costa, R. L., Dewald, E. L., Dixit, S. N., Eckart, M. J., Eder, D. C., Edwards, M. J., Ellis, A. D., Emig, J. A., Froula, D. H., Glenzer, S. H., Hargrove, D., Haynam, C. A., Heeter, R. F., Henesian, M. A., Holtmeier, G., James, D. L., Jancaitis, K. S., Kalantar, D. H., Kamperschroer, J. H., Kauffman, R. L., Kimbrough, J., Kirkwood, R. K., Koniges, A. E., Landen, O. L., Landon, M., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., Manes, K. R., Marshall, C., May, M. J., McDonald, J. W., Menapace, J., Moses, S. E.I., Munro, D. H., Murray, J. R., Niemann, C., Pellinen, D., Power, G. D., Rekow, V., Ruppe, J. A., Schein, J., Shepherd, R., Singh, M. S., Springer, P. T., Still, C. H., Suter, L. J., Tietbohl, G. L., Turner, R. E., VanWonterghem, B. M., Wallace, R. J., Warrick, A., Watts, P., Weber, F., Wegner, P. J., Williams, E. A., and Young, P. E.

Abstract

Deposition of maximum laser energy into a small, high-Z enclosure in a short laser pulse creates a hot environment. Such targets were recently included in an experimental campaign using the first four of the 192 beams of the National Ignition Facility [J. A. Paisner, E. M. Campbell, and W. J. Hogan, Fusion Technology 26, 755 (1994)], under construction at the University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. These targets demonstrate good laser coupling, reaching a radiation temperature of 340 eV. In addition, the Raman backscatter spectrum contains features consistent with Brillouin backscatter of Raman forward scatter [A. B. Langdon and D. E. Hinkel, Physical Review Letters 89, 015003 (2002)]. Also, NIF Early Light diagnostics indicate that 20% of the direct backscatter from these reduced-scale targets is in the polarization orthogonal to that of the incident light.

Published
2006
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163. X-ray flux and X-ray burnthrough experiments on reduced-scale targets at the NIF and OMEGA lasers

Author

Schneider, M. B., Hinkel, D. E., Young, B. K., Holder, J. P., Langdon, A. B., Baldis, H. A., Bahr, R., Bower, D. E., Bruns, H. C., Campbell, K. M., Celeste, J. R., Compton, S., Constantin, C. G., Costa, R. L., Dewald, E. L., Dixit, S. N., Eckart, M. J., Eder, D. C., Edwards, M. J., Ellis, A. D., Emig, J. A., Froula, D. H., Glebov, V., Glenzer, S. H., Hargrove, D., Haynam, C. A., Heeter, R. F., Henesian, M. A., Holtmeier, G., James, D. L., Jancaitis, K. S., Kalantar, D. H., Kamperschroer, J. H., Kauffman, R. L., Kimbrough, J., Kirkwood, R., Koniges, A. E., Landen, O. L., Landon, M., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., Manes, K. R., Marshall, C., May, M. J., McDonald, J. W., Menapace, J., Moon, S. J., Moses, E. I., Munro, D. H., Murray, J. R., Niemann, C., Pellinen, D., Piston, K., Power, G. D., Rekow, V., Roberts, S., Ruppe, J. A., Schein, J., Seka, W., Shepherd, R., Singh, M. S., Sorce, C., Springer, P. T., Still, C. H., Stoeckl, C., Suter, L. J., Tietbohl, G. L., Turner, R. E., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Wallace, R. J., Warrick, A., Watts, P., Weber, F., Wegner, P. J., Williams, E. A., Young, P. E., Schneider, M. B., Hinkel, D. E., Young, B. K., Holder, J. P., Langdon, A. B., Baldis, H. A., Bahr, R., Bower, D. E., Bruns, H. C., Campbell, K. M., Celeste, J. R., Compton, S., Constantin, C. G., Costa, R. L., Dewald, E. L., Dixit, S. N., Eckart, M. J., Eder, D. C., Edwards, M. J., Ellis, A. D., Emig, J. A., Froula, D. H., Glebov, V., Glenzer, S. H., Hargrove, D., Haynam, C. A., Heeter, R. F., Henesian, M. A., Holtmeier, G., James, D. L., Jancaitis, K. S., Kalantar, D. H., Kamperschroer, J. H., Kauffman, R. L., Kimbrough, J., Kirkwood, R., Koniges, A. E., Landen, O. L., Landon, M., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., Manes, K. R., Marshall, C., May, M. J., McDonald, J. W., Menapace, J., Moon, S. J., Moses, E. I., Munro, D. H., Murray, J. R., Niemann, C., Pellinen, D., Piston, K., Power, G. D., Rekow, V., Roberts, S., Ruppe, J. A., Schein, J., Seka, W., Shepherd, R., Singh, M. S., Sorce, C., Springer, P. T., Still, C. H., Stoeckl, C., Suter, L. J., Tietbohl, G. L., Turner, R. E., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Wallace, R. J., Warrick, A., Watts, P., Weber, F., Wegner, P. J., Williams, E. A., and Young, P. E.

Abstract

An experimental campaign to maximize radiation drive in small-scale hohlraums has been carried out at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory (Livermore, CA, USA) and at the OMEGA laser at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (Rochester, NY, USA). The small-scale hohlraums, laser energy, laser pulse, and diagnostics were similar at both facilities but the geometries were very different. The NIF experiments used on-axis laser beams whereas the OMEGA experiments used 19 beams in three beam cones. In the cases when the lasers coupled well and produced similar radiation drive, images of x-ray burnthrough and laser deposition indicate the pattern of plasma filling is very different.

Published
2006
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164. Measurements of gas filled halfraum energetics at the national ignition facility using a single quad

Author

Kline, J. L., Fernández, J. C., Goldman, S. R., Braun, D., Landen, O., Niemann, C., Gautier, D. C., Hegelich, B. M., Montgomery, D. S., Lanier, N. E., Rose, H. A., Workman, J. B., Campbell, K., Celeste, J., Dewald, E., Glenzer, S., Hinkel, D., Holder, J., Kalantar, D., Kamperschroer, J., Kimbrough, J., Kirkwood, R., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B., MacKinnon, A., McDonald, J., Schein, J., Schneider, M., Suter, L., Young, B., Kline, J. L., Fernández, J. C., Goldman, S. R., Braun, D., Landen, O., Niemann, C., Gautier, D. C., Hegelich, B. M., Montgomery, D. S., Lanier, N. E., Rose, H. A., Workman, J. B., Campbell, K., Celeste, J., Dewald, E., Glenzer, S., Hinkel, D., Holder, J., Kalantar, D., Kamperschroer, J., Kimbrough, J., Kirkwood, R., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B., MacKinnon, A., McDonald, J., Schein, J., Schneider, M., Suter, L., and Young, B.

Abstract

Gas filled halfraum experiments were conducted at the National Ignition Facility which provided an excellent test of the tools needed to understand halfraum energetics in an ignition relevant regime. The experiments used a highly shaped laser pulse and measured large levels of backscattered laser energy. These two components challenge the ability of radiation hydrodynamic simulations to model the experiments. The results show good agreement between experimental measurements and simulations.

Published
2006
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165. Modeling with backscatter and transmitted light of high-power smoothed beams with pF3D: a massively parallel laser plasma interaction code

Author

Berger, R. L., primary, Divol, L. M., additional, Glenzer, S. H., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Kirkwood, R. K., additional, Langdon, A. B., additional, Moody, James D., additional, Still, C. H., additional, Suter, Larry J., additional, Williams, E. A., additional, and Young, Peter E., additional

Published
2001
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168. Review of indirect-drive ignition design options for the National Ignition Facility

Author

Dittrich, T. R., primary, Haan, S. W., additional, Marinak, M. M., additional, Pollaine, S. M., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Munro, D. H., additional, Verdon, C. P., additional, Strobel, G. L., additional, McEachern, R., additional, Cook, R. C., additional, Roberts, C. C., additional, Wilson, D. C., additional, Bradley, P. A., additional, Foreman, L. R., additional, and Varnum, W. S., additional

Published
1999
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172. Hot electron production and heating by hot electrons in fast ignitor research

Author

Key, M. H., primary, Cable, M. D., additional, Cowan, T. E., additional, Estabrook, K. G., additional, Hammel, B. A., additional, Hatchett, S. P., additional, Henry, E. A., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Kilkenny, J. D., additional, Koch, J. A., additional, Kruer, W. L., additional, Langdon, A. B., additional, Lasinski, B. F., additional, Lee, R. W., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, MacKinnon, A., additional, Moody, J. D., additional, Moran, M. J., additional, Offenberger, A. A., additional, Pennington, D. M., additional, Perry, M. D., additional, Phillips, T. J., additional, Sangster, T. C., additional, Singh, M. S., additional, Stoyer, M. A., additional, Tabak, M., additional, Tietbohl, G. L., additional, Tsukamoto, M., additional, Wharton, K., additional, and Wilks, S. C., additional

Published
1998
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174. Atomic and nuclear processes produced in ultra-high intensity laser irradiation of solid targets

Author

Key, M. H., primary, Cable, M. D., additional, Cowan, T. E., additional, Estabrook, K. G., additional, Hammel, B. A., additional, Hatchett, S. P., additional, Henry, E. A., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Kilkenny, J. D., additional, Koch, J. A., additional, Kruer, W. L., additional, Langdon, A. B., additional, Lasinski, B. F., additional, Lee, R. W., additional, MacGowan, B. J., additional, MacKinnon, A., additional, Moody, J. D., additional, Moran, M. J., additional, Offenberger, A. A., additional, Pennington, D. M., additional, Perry, M. D., additional, Phillips, T. J., additional, Sangster, T. C., additional, Singh, M. S., additional, Stoyer, M. A., additional, Tabak, M., additional, Tietbohl, G. L., additional, Tsukamoto, M., additional, Wharton, K., additional, and Wilks, S. C., additional

Published
1998
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175. Observation of multiple mechanisms for stimulating ion waves in ignition scale plasmas

Author

Kirkwood, R. K., primary, MacGowan, B. J., additional, Montgomery, D. S., additional, Afeyan, B. B., additional, Kruer, W. L., additional, Pennington, D. M., additional, Wilks, S. C., additional, Moody, J. D., additional, Wharton, K., additional, Back, C. A., additional, Estabrook, K. G., additional, Glenzer, S. H., additional, Blain, M. A., additional, Berger, R. L., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Lasinski, B. F., additional, Williams, E. A., additional, Munro, D., additional, Wilde, B. H., additional, and Rousseaux, C., additional

Published
1997
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178. Laser–plasma interactions in ignition‐scale hohlraum plasmas

Author

MacGowan, B. J., primary, Afeyan, B. B., additional, Back, C. A., additional, Berger, R. L., additional, Bonnaud, G., additional, Casanova, M., additional, Cohen, B. I., additional, Desenne, D. E., additional, DuBois, D. F., additional, Dulieu, A. G., additional, Estabrook, K. G., additional, Fernandez, J. C., additional, Glenzer, S. H., additional, Hinkel, D. E., additional, Kaiser, T. B., additional, Kalantar, D. H., additional, Kauffman, R. L., additional, Kirkwood, R. K., additional, Kruer, W. L., additional, Langdon, A. B., additional, Lasinski, B. F., additional, Montgomery, D. S., additional, Moody, J. D., additional, Munro, D. H., additional, Powers, L. V., additional, Rose, H. A., additional, Rousseaux, C., additional, Turner, R. E., additional, Wilde, B. H., additional, Wilks, S. C., additional, and Williams, E. A., additional

Published
1996
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186. Publisher Correction: Burning plasma achieved in inertial fusion

Author

Zylstra, A. B., Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Kritcher, A. L., Ralph, J. E., Robey, H. F., Ross, J. S., Young, C. V., Baker, K. L., Casey, D. T., Döppner, T., Divol, L., Hohenberger, M., Le Pape, S., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Tommasini, R., Ali, S. J., Amendt, P. A., Atherton, L. J., Bachmann, B., Bailey, D., Benedetti, L. R., Berzak Hopkins, L., Betti, R., Bhandarkar, S. D., Biener, J., Bionta, R. M., Birge, N. W., Bond, E. J., Bradley, D. K., Braun, T., Briggs, T. M., Bruhn, M. W., Celliers, P. M., Chang, B., Chapman, T., Chen, H., Choate, C., Christopherson, A. R., Clark, D. S., Crippen, J. W., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Edwards, M. J., Farmer, W. A., Field, J. E., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Gaffney, J., Gatu Johnson, M., Glenzer, S. H., Grim, G. P., Haan, S., Hahn, K. D., Hall, G. N., Hammel, B. A., Harte, J., Hartouni, E., Heebner, J. E., Hernandez, V. J., Herrmann, H., Herrmann, M. C., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D. D., Holder, J. P., Hsing, W. W., Huang, H., Humbird, K. D., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Jeet, J., Jones, O., Kerbel, G. D., Kerr, S. M., Khan, S. F., Kilkenny, J., Kim, Y., Geppert Kleinrath, H., Geppert Kleinrath, V., Kong, C., Koning, J. M., Kroll, J. J., Kruse, M. K. G., Kustowski, B., Landen, O. L., Langer, S., Larson, D., Lemos, N. C., Lindl, J. D., Ma, T., MacDonald, M. J., MacGowan, B. J., Mackinnon, A. J., MacLaren, S. A., MacPhee, A. G., Marinak, M. M., Mariscal, D. A., Marley, E. V., Masse, L., Meaney, K., Meezan, N. B., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Milovich, J. L., Moody, J. D., Moore, A. S., Morton, J. W., Murphy, T., Newman, K., Di Nicola, J.-M. G., Nikroo, A., Nora, R., Patel, M. V., Pelz, L. J., Peterson, J. L., Ping, Y., Pollock, B. B., Ratledge, M., Rice, N. G., Rinderknecht, H., Rosen, M., Rubery, M. S., Salmonson, J. D., Sater, J., Schiaffino, S., Schlossberg, D. J., Schneider, M. B., Schroeder, C. R., Scott, H. A., Sepke, S. M., Sequoia, K., Sherlock, M. W., Shin, S., Smalyuk, V. A., Spears, B. K., Springer, P. T., Stadermann, M., Stoupin, S., Strozzi, D. J., Suter, L. J., Thomas, C. A., Town, R. P. J., Tubman, E. R., Trosseille, C., Volegov, P. L., Weber, C. R., Widmann, K., Wild, C., Wilde, C. H., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Woods, D. T., Woodworth, B. N., Yamaguchi, M., Yang, S. T., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Published
2022
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187. Hard X-ray and hot electron environment in vacuum hohlraums at NIF

Author

McDonald, J. W., Suter, L. J., Landen, O. L., Foster, J. M., Celeste, J. R., Holder, J. P., Dewald, E. L., Schneider, M. B., Hinkel, D. E., Kauffman, R. L., Atherton, L. J., Bonanno, R. E., Dixit, S. N., Eder, D. C., Haynam, C. A., Kalantar, D. H., Koniges, A. E., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B. J., Manes, K. R., Munro, D. H., Murray, J. R., Shaw, M. J., Stevenson, R. M., Parham, T. G., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Wallace, R. J., Wegner, P. J., Whitman, P. K., Young, B. K., Hammel, B. A., Moses, E. I., McDonald, J. W., Suter, L. J., Landen, O. L., Foster, J. M., Celeste, J. R., Holder, J. P., Dewald, E. L., Schneider, M. B., Hinkel, D. E., Kauffman, R. L., Atherton, L. J., Bonanno, R. E., Dixit, S. N., Eder, D. C., Haynam, C. A., Kalantar, D. H., Koniges, A. E., Lee, F. D., MacGowan, B. J., Manes, K. R., Munro, D. H., Murray, J. R., Shaw, M. J., Stevenson, R. M., Parham, T. G., Van Wonterghem, B. M., Wallace, R. J., Wegner, P. J., Whitman, P. K., Young, B. K., Hammel, B. A., and Moses, E. I.

Abstract

Time resolved hard x-ray images (hv> 9 keV) and time integrated hard x-ray spectra (hv= 18-150 keV) from vacuum hohlraums irradiated with four 351 nm wavelength NIF laser beams are presented as a function of hohlraum size and laser power and duration. The hard x-ray images and spectra provide insight into the time evolution of the hohlraum plasma filling and the production of hot electrons. The fraction of laser energy detected as hot electrons (f$_{\rm hot})$shows correlation with both laser intensity and with an analytic plasma filling model.

Published
2006
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188. Laser?plasma interactions in ignition-scale hohlraum plasmas.

Author

MacGowan, B. J., Afeyan, B. B., Back, C. A., Berger, R. L., Bonnaud, G., Cassanova, M., Cohen, B. I., Desenne, D. E., Dulieu, A. G., DuBois, D. F., Estabrook, K. G., Fernandez, J. C., Glenzer, S. H., Hinkel, D. E., Kaiser, T. B., Kalantar, D. H., Kaufman, R. L., Kirkwood, R. K., Langdon, A. B., and Kruer, W. L.

Subjects
LASERS, ULTRASONICS, LIGHT scattering, OPTICS, LASER plasmas
Abstract

cattering of laser light by stimulated Brillouin scattering ~SBS! and stimulated Raman scattering~SRS! is a concern for indirect drive inertial confinement fusion ~ICF!. The hohlraum designs for theNational Ignition Facility ~NIF! raise particular concerns due to the large scale and homogeneity of the plasmas within them. Experiments at Nova have studied laser?plasma interactions within largescale length plasmas that mimic many of the characteristics of the NIF hohlraum plasmas.Filamentation and scattering of laser light by SBS and SRS have been investigated as a function of beam smoothing and plasma conditions. Narrowly collimated SRS backscatter has been observed from low density, low-Z, plasmas, which are representative of the plasma filling most of the NIFhohlraum. SBS backscatter is found to occur in the high-Z plasma of gold ablated from the wall.Both SBS and SRS are observed to be at acceptable levels in experiments using smoothing byspectral dispersion ~SSD!.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1996
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189. Design and analysis of dudded fuel experiments at the National Ignition Facility.

Author

Christopherson, A. R., Schlossberg, D., MacLaren, S., Weber, C., Zylstra, A., Hurricane, O. A., Kritcher, A., Hinkel, D., Spears, B. K., Pak, A., Nora, R., Kustowski, B., Baker, K., Milovich, J., Munro, D., Clark, D., Sepke, S., Shroeder, C., Bhandarkar, S., and Sater, J.

Abstract

Recent experiments conducted at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) within the past 2 years have achieved the burning plasma state and exceeded the Lawson criterion for the first time in the laboratory. Here, we report on a set of experiments where the deuterium and tritium (DT) ice layers were replaced with dudded tritium, hydrogen, and deuterium (THD) fuel mixtures to remove the influence of alpha-heating on hot spot dynamics. The hot spot compression and yield in the absence of alpha particle self-heating were measured to assess the proximity of NIF implosions toward the ignition cliff. We find that the "burn-off" Lawson parameters χ n o α inferred from the THD experiments are in good agreement with the inferences from postshot simulations of the DT-layered implosions. The THD for burning plasma shot N210307 yielded χ n o α ≈ 0.88 ± 0.03 while the THD for ignition shot N210808 yielded χ n o α ≈ 1.04 ± 0.04. These results also provide important context for the observed variability in the repeat attempts of ignition shot N210808 since implosions on the ignition cliff are expected to exhibit very large variations in the fusion yield from small changes in the initial conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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190. How numerical simulations helped to achieve breakeven on the NIF.

Author

Marinak, M. M., Zimmerman, G. B., Chapman, T., Kerbel, G. D., Patel, M. V., Koning, J. M., Sepke, S. M., Chang, B., Schroeder, C. R., Harte, J. A., Bailey, D. S., Taylor, L. A., Langer, S. H., Belyaev, M. A., Clark, D. S., Gaffney, J., Hammel, B. A., Hinkel, D. E., Kritcher, A. L., and Milovich, J. L.

Abstract

The inertial confinement fusion program relies upon detailed simulations with inertial confinement fusion (ICF) codes to design targets and to interpret the experimental results. These simulations treat as much physics from essential principles as is practical, including laser deposition, cross beam energy transfer, x-ray production and transport, nonlocal thermal equilibrium kinetics, thermal transport, hydrodynamic instabilities, thermonuclear burn, and transport of reaction products. Improvements in radiation hydrodynamic code capabilities and vast increases in computing power have enabled more realistic, accurate 3D simulations that treat all known asymmetry sources. We describe how numerical simulations helped to guide the program, assess the impediments to breakeven, and optimize every aspect of target design. A preshot simulation of the first National Ignition Facility experiment that surpassed breakeven predicted an increased yield that matches the experimental result, within the preshot predicted uncertainty, with a target gain of 1.5. We will cover the key developments in Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ICF codes that enabled these simulations and give specific examples of how they helped to guide the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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191. Measurement of early time outer laser beam reflection inside a cylindrical hohlraum at the National Ignition Facility.

Author

Chen, Hui, Woods, D. T., Lemos, N., Rosen, M., Landen, O. L., Milovich, J. L., Schneider, M. B., Trosseille, C., Delora-Ellefson, J., Hardy, M., Hash, N., Hinkel, D. E., Holder, J., Izumi, N., Masters, N., Montgomery, W., Moody, J. D., Newman, K., Rogers, S., and Ross, J. S.

Subjects
*LASER beams, *INERTIAL confinement fusion, *TIME measurements, *LASER pulses, *CONDUCTION electrons, *PICKETING, *FUSION reactor divertors
Abstract

In a National Ignition Facility (NIF) cylindrical hohlraum, any specular reflection ("glint") off the wall from the outer cone (incident angle of 50° and 44° relative to the surface of the wall) laser beam will irradiate the capsule poles. If the glint power is sufficiently large during the picket (early time) of the laser pulse, it may seed high-mode perturbations on the capsule surface that can grow during the implosion. To quantify the glint power on the capsule during the picket by the outer beams, we performed dedicated experiments on NIF using a flat witness foil as a surrogate for the capsule in a half-hohlraum target. We found that the measured glint power is approximately comparable to simulations using a nominal electron conduction flux limiter of f = 0.15, and over an order of magnitude lower than that predicted using f = 0.03 in the wall. Based on our current understanding, we conclude that the glint from the outer beams plays an insignificant role in capsule drive asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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192. Progress in long scale length laser-plasma interactions

Author

Glenzer, S. H., Arnold, P., Bardsley, G., Berger, R. L., Bonanno, G., Borger, T., Bower, D. E., Bowers, M., Bryant, R., Buckman, S., Burkhart, S. C., Campbell, K., Chrisp, M. P., Cohen, B. I., Constantin, C., Cooper, F., Cox, J., Dewald, E., Divol, L., Dixit, S., Duncan, J., Eder, D., Edwards, J., Erbert, G., Felker, B., Fornes, J., Frieders, G., Dustin Froula, Gardner, S. D., Gates, C., Gonzalez, M., Grace, S., Gregori, G., Greenwood, A., Griffith, R., Hall, T., Hammel, B. A., Haynam, C., Heestand, G., Henesian, M., Hermes, G., Hinkel, D., Holder, J., Holdner, F., Holtmeier, G., Hsing, W., Huber, S., James, T., Johnson, S., Jones, O. S., Kalantar, D., Kamperschroer, J. H., Kauffman, R., Kelleher, T., Knight, J., Kirkwood, R. K., Kruer, W. L., Labiak, W., Landen, O. L., Langdon, A. B., Langer, S., Latray, D., Lee, A., Lee, F. D., Lund, D., Macgowan, B., Marshall, S., Mcbride, J., Mccarville, T., Mcgrew, L., Mackinnon, A. J., Mahavandi, S., Manes, K., Marshall, C., Menapace, J., Mertens, E., Meezan, N., Miller, G., Montelongo, S., Moody, J. D., Moses, E., Munro, D., Murray, J., Neumann, J., Newton, M., Ng, E., Niemann, C., Nikitin, A., Opsahl, P., Padilla, E., Parham, T., Parrish, G., Petty, C., Polk, M., Powell, C., Reinbachs, I., Rekow, V., Rinnert, R., and Riordan, B.

Subjects
Physics::Plasma Physics
Abstract

The first experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have employed the first four beams to measure propagation and laser backscattering losses in large ignition-size plasmas. Gas-filled targets between 2 mm and 7 mm length have been heated from one side by overlapping the focal spots of the four beams from one quad operated at 351 nm (3ω) with a total intensity of 2×1015W cm-2. The targets were filled with 1 atm of CO2 producing of up to 7 mm long homogeneously heated plasmas with densities of ne = 6 × 1020cm-3 and temperatures of Te = 2 keV. The high energy in a NIF quad of beams of 16kJ, illuminating the target from one direction, creates unique conditions for the study of laser plasma interactions at scale lengths not previously accessible. The propagation through the large-scale plasma was measured with a gated x-ray imager that was filtered for 3.5 keVx rays. These data indicate that the beams interact with the full length of this ignition-scale plasma during the last ∼1 ns of the experiment. During that time, the full aperture measurements of the stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering show scattering into the four focusing lenses of 3% for the smallest length (∼2 mm), increasing to 10-12% for ∼7 mm. These results demonstrate the NIF experimental capabilities and further provide a benchmark for three-dimensional modeling of the laser-plasma interactions at ignition-size scale lengths.

193. Getting beyond unity fusion 'fuel-gain' in an inertially confined fusion implosion

Author

Hurricane, O. A., Amendt, P., Benedetti, L. R., Bond, E., Bradley, D., Caggiano, J., Callahan, D. A., Casey, D. T., Clark, D., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Doeppner, T., Divol, L., Dixit, S., Edgell, D., Edwards, M. J., Fittinghoff, D., Frenje, J., Garcia, M. A. B., Gatu-Johnson, M., Grim, G., Haan, S., Hamza, A., Haterik, R., Hinkel, D. E., Ho, D., Hohenberger, M., Hoover, D., Berzak Hopkins, L. F., Hsing, W., Izumi, N., Jones, O., Khan, S., Kline, J. L., Knauer, J., Kritcher, A. L., Kyrala, G., Landen, O., Le Pape, S., Leidinger, J. -P, Ma, T., Mackinnon, A. J., Macphee, A. G., Meezan, N., Merrill, F., Michel, P., Milovich, J., Moody, J., Moore, A. S., Nagel, S., Nikroo, A., Pak, A. E., Park, H. -S, Patel, P. K., Peterson, L., Ralph, J., Remington, B. A., Robey, H. F., Ross, S., Rygg, R., Salmonson, J. D., Spears, B., Springer, P. T., Schneider, M., Smalyuk, V., Thomas, C., Tommasini, R., Town, R. P. J., Wilde, C., Widmann, K., and Petr Volegov

194. Impact of flow-induced beam deflection on beam propagation in ignition scale hohlraums.

Author

Farmer, W. A., Ruyer, C., Harte, J. A., Hinkel, D. E., Bailey, D. S., Kur, E., Landen, O. L., Lemos, N., Michel, P. A., Moody, J. D., Strozzi, D. J., Weber, C. R., and Zimmerman, G. B.

Subjects
*INERTIAL confinement fusion, *RAY tracing, *IMPLOSIONS
Abstract

Experiments examining the amount of specular reflection (or "glint") within hohlraums containing different gas fill densities have recently been performed. Simulations of these experiments are presented that show using a single flux limiter cannot explain the decrease in glinted power with increasing gas fill density. The hypothesis that flow-induced beam deflection alters laser absorption is presented. A model is proposed that can be implemented into a ray tracing description of the laser commonly used in radiation hydrodynamic codes. It is shown that simulations using this model capture the trend with gas fill density improving agreement with measurements. This formulation is then applied to an ensemble of laser-driven inertial confinement fusion experiments performed at the National Ignition Facility. The proposed model shows little impact on the total x-ray drive on the capsule but a large impact on the resulting implosion symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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195. Measurements of enhanced performance in an indirect drive inertial confinement fusion experiment when reducing the contact area of the capsule support.

Author

Ralph, J. E., Döppner, T., Hinkel, D. E., Hurricane, O., Landen, O., Smalyuk, V., Weber, C. R., Bigelow, J., Bachmann, B., Casey, D. T., Clark, D., Diaz, S., Felker, S., Hammel, B. A., Khan, S. F., Nikroo, A., Pak, A., Patel, P. K., Callahan, D. A., and Sater, J.

Subjects
*INERTIAL confinement fusion, *X-ray imaging
Abstract

Experimental results from indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion experiments testing the performance gained from using an alternate capsule tent support are reported. The polar tent describes an alternate geometry for the thin membrane used to support the Deuterium–Tritium (DT) filled capsule. Here, the contact area is reduced by 23 times by locating the tent support close to the poles of the capsule. The polar tent experiments are repeats of previous 3 shock 1.63 MJ, 400 TW high foot experiments and use a 165 μm thick silicon doped carbon hydrogen plastic (CH) shell. Using the polar tent support, we report a DT neutron yield of 1.07 × 10 16 , 76% higher than the expected Y D T ∝ V 7.7 scaling. This is, at the time of writing, the highest neutron yield to date from a CH shell implosion. Furthermore, we find that the inferred pressure when using the polar tent is significantly above the model based on analytic scaling even when accounting for tent effects. Analysis of x-ray and neutron images shows the reduction of lobes produced by nominal tent features. The reduction of these features in the polar tent experiments leads to decreased low mode (P2 and P4) asymmetry compared to the nominal tent results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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196. Application of cross-beam energy transfer to control drive symmetry in ICF implosions in low gas fill Hohlraums at the National Ignition Facility.

Author

Pickworth, L. A., Döppner, T., Hinkel, D. E., Ralph, J. E., Bachmann, B., Masse, L. P., Divol, L., Benedetti, L. R., Celliers, P. M., Chen, H., Hohenberger, M., Khan, S. F., Landen, O. L., Lemos, N., MacGowan, B. J., Mariscal, D. A., Michel, P. A., Millot, M., Moore, A. S., and Park, J.

Subjects
*INERTIAL confinement fusion, *ENERGY transfer, *HOT carriers, *SYMMETRY
Abstract

Cross beam energy transfer (CBET), invoked by setting a wavelength difference, Δλ, between inner and outer beam cones, can be used to increase the drive on the waist in indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Historically, hot spot symmetry control in capsule implosions in high (≥0.9 mg/cm3 4He) gas fill Hohlraums was enabled by substantial CBET. However, these implosion designs suffered from inflight symmetry swings, high SRS backscatter on the inner cones, and significant hot electron generation posing a threat to DT fuel preheat. Subsequent experiments in larger, low (≤0.6 mg/cm3 4He) gas fill Hohlraums demonstrated round implosions by varying the inner cone fraction throughout the laser drive at Δλ = 0 Å while keeping backscatter and hot electron generation very low. To enable driving larger capsules at a given Hohlraum size, additional tools for implosion symmetry control are required. With this goal in mind, this paper presents a detailed experimental study of using CBET in low gas fill Hohlraums near NIF's current peak power capability. We find a ∼2.5× higher sensitivity of the P2 Legendre mode with respect to Δλ changes compared to that of high gas fill designs. We attribute this observation to the fact that backscatter remains very low and that CBET remains in a linear regime, as suggested by simulations. As a result, a much smaller Δλ of order 1 Å is sufficient for sustaining implosion symmetry while keeping laser-to-Hohlraum coupling high and hot electron generation very low. While this study used plastic ablator capsules, our findings can be generalized to other ablator materials and, hence, show great promise for using wavelength detuning as a strong lever for implosion symmetry control in future low gas fill designs that require smaller case to capsule ratios in order to increase the energy coupled to the capsule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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197. Development of Improved Radiation Drive Environment for High Foot Implosions at the National Ignition Facility.

Author

Hinkel, D. E., Hopkins, L. F. Berzak, Ma, T., Ralph, J. E., Albert, F., Benedetti, L. R., Celliers, P. M., Döppner, T., Goyon, C. S., Izumi, N., Jarrott, L. C., Khan, S. F., Kline, J. L., Kritcher, A. L., Kyrala, G. A., Nagel, S. R., Pak, A. E., Patel, P., Rosen, M. D., and Rygg, J. R.

Subjects
*FOOT physiology, *RADIATION, *ELECTRONS
Abstract

Analyses of high foot implosions show that performance is limited by the radiation drive environment, i.e., the hohlraum. Reported here are significant improvements in the radiation environment, which result in an enhancement in implosion performance. Using a longer, larger case-to-capsule ratio hohlraum at lower gas fill density improves the symmetry control of a high foot implosion. Moreover, for the first time, these hohlraums produce reduced levels of hot electrons, generated by laser-plasma interactions, which are at levels comparable to near-vacuum hohlraums, and well within specifications. Further, there is a noteworthy increase in laser energy coupling to the hohlraum, and discrepancies with simulated radiation production are markedly reduced. At fixed laser energy, high foot implosions driven with this improved hohlraum have achieved a 1.4 × increase in stagnation pressure, with an accompanying relative increase in fusion yield of 50% as compared to a reference experiment with the same laser energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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199. Corrigendum: Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion.

Author

Hurricane, O. A., Callahan, D. A., Casey, D. T., Celliers, P. M., Cerjan, C., Dewald, E. L., Dittrich, T. R., Döppner, T., Hinkel, D. E., Hopkins, L. F. Berzak, Kline, J. L., LePape, S., Ma, T., MacPhee, A. G., Milovich, J. L., Pak, A., Park, H.-S., Patel, P. K., Remington, B. A., and Salmonson, J. D.

Subjects
FUSION reactor fuel, NUCLEAR fuels
Abstract

A correction to the article "Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion" that was published in 2014 issue is presented.

Published
2014
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200. Alpha-heating analysis of burning plasma and ignition experiments on the National Ignition Facility.

Author

Christopherson, A. R., Hurricane, O. A., Weber, C., Kritcher, A., Nora, R., Salmonson, J., Tran, R., Milovich, J., Maclaren, S., Hinkel, D., and Betti, R.

Subjects
*INERTIAL confinement fusion, *PLASMA confinement, *HYDRODYNAMICS
Abstract

A recent experiment conducted on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) described in the study by Abu-Shawareb et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)] achieved a fusion yield output of 1.3 MJ from ∼ 220 kJ of x-ray energy absorbed by the capsule, demonstrating remarkable progress in the field of laser driven inertial confinement fusion. In the study by A. R. Christopherson ["Effects of charged particle heating on the hydrodynamics of inertially confined plasmas," Ph.D. thesis (2020)], the plasma conditions needed to claim the onset of ignition and burn propagation were outlined and multiple criterion were provided to assess progress in inertial fusion experiments. In this work, we modify the metrics from A. R. Christopherson ["Effects of charged particle heating on the hydrodynamics of inertially confined plasmas," Ph.D. thesis (2020)] to accurately calculate performance metrics for indirect-drive experiments on the NIF. We also show that performance metric trends observed in NIF data are consistent with theory and simulations. This analysis indicates that all the identified criterion for ignition and burn propagation have been exceeded by experiment 210 808. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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