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153. Global concerns related to water biology and security: The need for language and policies that safeguard living resources versus those that dilute scientific knowledge

Author

Hughes, Robert M., primary, Karr, James R., additional, Vadas, Robert L., additional, DellaSala, Dominick A., additional, Callisto, Marcos, additional, João Feio, Maria, additional, Ferreira, Teresa, additional, Kleynhans, Neels, additional, Ruaro, Renata, additional, Yoder, Chris O., additional, and Michael, J. Hal, additional

Published
2023
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155. A Comparison of the effect of patient‐specific vs. weight‐based protocols to treat vaso‐occlusive episodes (VOE) in the emergency department

Author

Tanabe, Paula, primary, Ibemere, Stephanie, additional, Pierce, Ava E., additional, Freiermuth, Caroline E., additional, Bosworth, Hayden B., additional, Yang, Hongqui, additional, Osunkwo, Ifeyinwa, additional, Paxton, James H., additional, Strouse, John J., additional, Miller, Joseph, additional, Paice, Judith A., additional, Veeramreddy, Padmaja, additional, Kavanagh, Patricia L., additional, Wilkerson, R. Gentry, additional, Hughes, Robert, additional, and Barnhart, Huiman X., additional

Published
2023
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170. The Functional Determinants of Short-Term Memory: Evidence from Perceptual-Motor Interference in Verbal Serial Recall

Author

Hughes, Robert W. and Marsh, John E.

Abstract

A functional, perceptual-motor, account of serial short-term memory (STM) is examined by investigating the way in which an irrelevant spoken sequence interferes with verbal serial recall. Even with visual list-presentation, verbal serial recall is particularly susceptible to disruption by irrelevant spoken stimuli that have the same identity as--but that are order-incongruent with--the to-be-remembered items. We test the view that such interference is because of the obligatory perceptual organization of the spoken stimuli yielding a sequence that competes with a subvocal motor-plan assembled to support the reproduction of the to-be-remembered list. In support of this view, the interference can be eliminated without changing either the identities or objective serial order of the spoken stimuli but merely by promoting a subjective perceptual organization that strips them of their order-incongruent relation to the to-be-remembered list (Experiment 1). The interference is also eliminated if subvocal motor sequence-planning is impeded via articulatory suppression (Experiment 2). The results are in line with the view that performance-limits in verbal serial STM are because of having to exploit perceptual and motor processes for purposes for which they did not evolve, not the inherently limited capacity of structures or mechanisms dedicated to storage.

Published
2017
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171. Exploitation, Deontological Constraints, and Shareholder Theory

Author

Hughes, Robert C.

Subjects
Business ethics -- Analysis -- Models -- Research, Deontology -- Analysis, Agency theory -- Analysis, Exploitation -- Analysis -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Remedies, Government regulation, Law, Political science
Abstract

One of the central controversies in normative business ethics is the question whether transactions and economic relationships can be wrongfully exploitative despite being mutually beneficial and consensual. This article argues that anyone who accepts a shareholder theory of business ethics should accept deontological constraints on mutually beneficial, consensual exploitation., TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1007 I. THE NON-WORSENESS PRINCIPLE 1010 II. SHAREHOLDER THEORY PRESUPPOSES DEONTOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS 1013 III. KANTIAN ETHICAL THEORY SUPPORTS ANTI-EXPLOITATION NORMS 1018 IV. OTHER DEONTOLOGICAL APPROACHES 1022 [...]

Published
2019

181. Abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone with or without enzalutamide for patients with metastatic prostate cancer starting androgen deprivation therapy: final results from two randomised phase 3 trials of the STAMPEDE platform protocol

Author

Attard, Gerhardt, primary, Murphy, Laura, additional, Clarke, Noel W, additional, Sachdeva, Ashwin, additional, Jones, Craig, additional, Hoyle, Alex, additional, Cross, William, additional, Jones, Robert J, additional, Parker, Christopher C, additional, Gillessen, Silke, additional, Cook, Adrian, additional, Brawley, Chris, additional, Gilson, Clare, additional, Rush, Hannah, additional, Abdel-Aty, Hoda, additional, Amos, Claire L, additional, Murphy, Claire, additional, Chowdhury, Simon, additional, Malik, Zafar, additional, Russell, J Martin, additional, Parkar, Nazia, additional, Pugh, Cheryl, additional, Diaz-Montana, Carlos, additional, Pezaro, Carmel, additional, Grant, Warren, additional, Saxby, Helen, additional, Pedley, Ian, additional, O'Sullivan, Joe M, additional, Birtle, Alison, additional, Gale, Joanna, additional, Srihari, Narayanan, additional, Thomas, Carys, additional, Tanguay, Jacob, additional, Wagstaff, John, additional, Das, Prantik, additional, Gray, Emma, additional, Alzouebi, Mymoona, additional, Parikh, Omi, additional, Robinson, Angus, additional, Montazeri, Amir H, additional, Wylie, James, additional, Zarkar, Anjali, additional, Cathomas, Richard, additional, Brown, Michael D, additional, Jain, Yatin, additional, Dearnaley, David P, additional, Mason, Malcolm D, additional, Gilbert, Duncan, additional, Langley, Ruth E, additional, Millman, Robin, additional, Matheson, David, additional, Sydes, Matthew R, additional, Brown, Louise C, additional, Parmar, Mahesh K B, additional, James, Nicholas D, additional, Jones, Elin, additional, Hyde, Katherine, additional, Glen, Hilary, additional, Needleman, Sarah, additional, McGovern, Ursula, additional, Sheehan, Denise, additional, Paisey, Sangeeta, additional, Shaffer, Richard, additional, Beresford, Mark, additional, Porfiri, Emilio, additional, Fackrell, David, additional, Lee, Ling, additional, Sreenivasan, Thiagarajan, additional, Brock, Sue, additional, Brown, Simon, additional, Bahl, Amit, additional, Smith-Howell, Mike, additional, Woodward, Cathryn, additional, Phan, Mau-Don, additional, Mazhar, Danish, additional, Narahari, Krishna, additional, Douglas, Fiona, additional, Kumar, Anil, additional, Hamid, Abdel, additional, Ibrahim, Azman, additional, Muthukumar, Dakshinamoorthy, additional, Simms, Matthew, additional, Worlding, Jane, additional, Tran, Anna, additional, Kagzi, Mohammed, additional, Sivoglo, Virgil, additional, Masters, Benjamin, additional, Keng-Koh, Pek, additional, Manetta, Caroline, additional, McLaren, Duncan, additional, Gupta, Nishi, additional, Boussios, Stergios, additional, Taylor, Henry, additional, Graham, John, additional, Perna, Carla, additional, Melcher, Lucinda, additional, Sabharwal, Ami, additional, Hofmann, Uschi, additional, Dealey, Robert, additional, McPhail, Neil, additional, Brierly, Robert, additional, Capaldi, Lisa, additional, Sidek, Norma, additional, Whelan, Peter, additional, Robson, Peter, additional, Falconer, Alison, additional, Rudman, Sarah, additional, Vivekanandan, Sindu, additional, Mullessey, Vinod, additional, Vilarino-Varela, Maria, additional, Khoo, Vincent, additional, Tipples, Karen, additional, Afshar, Mehran, additional, Brulinski, Patryk, additional, Sangar, Vijay, additional, Peedell, Clive, additional, Azzabi, Ashraf, additional, Hoskin, Peter, additional, Mullassery, Viwod, additional, Sundar, Santhanam, additional, Khan, Yakhub, additional, Conroy, Ruth, additional, Protheroe, Andrew, additional, Carser, Judith, additional, Rogers, Paul, additional, Tarver, Kathryn, additional, Gibbs, Stephanie, additional, Khan, Mohammad Muneeb, additional, Hingorani, Mohan, additional, Crabb, Simon, additional, Alameddine, Manal, additional, Bhalla, Neeraj, additional, Hughes, Robert, additional, Logue, John, additional, Leaning, Darren, additional, Vengalil, Salil, additional, Ford, Daniel, additional, Walker, Georgina, additional, Shaheen, Ahmed, additional, Khan, Omar, additional, Chan, Andrew, additional, Ahmed, Imtiaz, additional, Hilman, Serena, additional, Sayers, Ian, additional, Nikapota, Ashok, additional, Bloomfield, David, additional, Porter, Tim, additional, Joseph, Joji, additional, Rentsch, Cyrill, additional, Pereira Mestre, Ricardo, additional, Roggero, Enrico, additional, Beyer, Jörg, additional, Borner, Markus, additional, Strebel, Raeto, additional, Berthold, Dominik, additional, Engeler, Daniel, additional, John, Hubert, additional, Popescu, Razvan, additional, and Durr, Donat, additional

Published
2023
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188. Analytical Approximations for Fitting Magnetic Coupling Coefficients Between Adjacent Coils

Author

Hughes, Robert R., Arroyo, Alexis Hernandez, and Mulholland, Anthony J.

Abstract

This article presents a simple yet novel 2-D modeling approach for approximating the coupling coefficient between neighboring inductors as a function of coplanar separation and relative angular displacement. The approach uses simple geometric arguments to predict the effective magnetic flux between inductors. Two extreme coil geometry regimes are considered: planar coils (i.e., on printed circuit board) and solenoid coils, each with asymmetric ferrite cores about the central magnetic plane of the inductor. The proposed geometric approximation is used to predict the coupling coefficient between sensors as a function of separation distance and angular displacement, and the results are validated against 2-D finite element modeling results. The formulae approximations show excellent fit agreement with finite element (FE) simulated coupling coefficients, predicting comparable relationships with changing separation and angular displacement. When fit to 2-D FE and 3-D numerical coupling coefficient results, the approximated formulae exhibit a residual standard deviation of less than 0.5% for a planar coil design. The work demonstrates the validity of the analytical approximation for predicting coupling behavior between neighboring coils. This has practical uses for the automated estimation of the physical separation between coils, or the relative angles to determine curvature of surface coils are rested or adhered to.

Published
2024
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191. Sulfonyl chloride resins and associated supported reagents

Author

Hughes, Robert Michael

Subjects
547.467
Abstract

The use of sulfonyl chloride resins in organic synthesis and as precursors for supported reagents has been well documented, and has highlighted shortcomings in using currently available commercial resins. The aim of this study has been to investigate the synthesis of novel sulfonyl chloride and sulfonyl containing resins and their uses in synthesis and for supported reagents. A number of supported reagents have been identified as useful targets. Solid-supported reagents can remove any associated hazards involved in using their solution-phase counterparts. Examples include a supported version of sulfonyl azide, used in diazo-transfer reactions and supported O-sulfonyl hydroxylamines as an alternative to reagents such as MSH (Mesitylenesulfonyl hydroxylamine).

Published
2004

194. Structural studies of framework materials

Author

Hughes, Robert William

Subjects
546.3
Abstract

Phosphate compounds described by the formula RbNiₓCu₁₋ₓPO₄ have been synthesised via a gel route for x = 1 to x = 0. The end members of the series were found to be isostructural with the ABW zeolite, LiAlSiO₄-H₂O, with space group Pc2₁ₙ. The intermediate members of the serious either have the same ABW structure type, or crystallise in the space group P12₁1 with an ABW related structure consisting of phosphate tetrahedra and a combination of metal tetrahedra and square based pyramids. Thermal analysis in combination with variable temperature diffraction has shown that all members of the series undergo a phase transition at elevated temperatures. This structural change was investigated in detail for RbNi₀.₂Cu₀.₈PO₄, which transforms at approximately 480°C to a phase isostructural with Polymorph 1 of CsZnPO₄. The synthetic aluminosilicate CsAlSi₅O₁₂, synthesised via a gel route, with the CAS framework type has been found to have a non-random distribution of aluminium across the three tetrahedral sites. A combination of high-resolution neutron diffraction and MASNMR has shown that the aluminium in the structure sits solely on the second of the three sites. The structure of the gallosilicate CsGaSi₅O₁₂ has been found to be isostructural with the CAS material. The structure based on X-ray diffraction shows a different distribution of gallium in the structure to that found for aluminium in CsAlSi₅O₁₂ with the majority of the gallium on the first and third tetrahedral sites. A novel metal arsenate LiCoAsO₄ has been synthesised and found to crystalline in the Pnma spacegroup. The material has a structure related to the olivine mineral, Mg₂SiO₄. Two isostructural metal arsenates, MM₆'(OH)₃(AsO₄)(AsO₄H) (M=M'=Co, Ni) have also been synthesised. The structures, determined from single crystal diffraction, show that the materials crystallise in the P6₃mc space group and are related to the mineral dumortierite. Both materials undergo a magnetic transition on cooling to a canted antiferromagnetic state. The new iron arsenate Fe₇(HAsO₄)₄(AsO₄)₂, has been characterised as a three-dimensional network of arsenate tetrahedra linking iron octahedra and trigonal bipyramids. A piperazine arsenate material has been synthesised by a slow evaporation technique. The structure consists of a network of hydrogen bonded arsenate, water and piperazine groups.

Published
2003

196. RORγt inhibition selectively targets IL-17 producing iNKT and γδ-T cells enriched in Spondyloarthritis patients

Author

Venken, Koen, Jacques, Peggy, Mortier, Céline, Labadia, Mark E., Decruy, Tine, Coudenys, Julie, Hoyt, Kathleen, Wayne, Anita L., Hughes, Robert, Turner, Michael, Van Gassen, Sofie, Martens, Liesbet, Smith, Dustin, Harcken, Christian, Wahle, Joseph, Wang, Chao-Ting, Verheugen, Eveline, Schryvers, Nadia, Varkas, Gaëlle, Cypers, Heleen, Wittoek, Ruth, Piette, Yves, Gyselbrecht, Lieve, Van Calenbergh, Serge, Van den Bosch, Filip, Saeys, Yvan, Nabozny, Gerald, and Elewaut, Dirk

Published
2019
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197. A comparison of the effect of patient‐specific versus weight‐based protocols to treat vaso‐occlusive episodes in the emergency department.

Author

Tanabe, Paula, Ibemere, Stephanie, Pierce, Ava E., Freiermuth, Caroline E., Bosworth, Hayden B., Yang, Hongqui, Osunkwo, Ifeyinwa, Paxton, James H., Strouse, John J., Miller, Joseph, Paice, Judith A., Veeramreddy, Padmaja, Kavanagh, Patricia L., Wilkerson, R. Gentry, Hughes, Robert, and Barnhart, Huiman X.

Subjects
METHADONE treatment programs, LENGTH of stay in hospitals, HOSPITAL emergency services, PAIN measurement, BUPRENORPHINE, MEDICAL protocols, TREATMENT effectiveness, PARENTERAL infusions, COMPARATIVE studies, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, VASCULAR diseases, OPIOID analgesics, STATISTICAL sampling, PAIN management, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Background: Vaso‐occlusive crises (VOCs) cause debilitating pain and are a common cause of emergency department (ED) visits, for people with sickle cell disease (SCD). Strategies for achieving optimal pain control vary widely despite evidence‐based guidelines. We tested existing guidelines and hypothesized that a patient‐specific pain protocol (PSP) written by their SCD provider may be more effective than weight‐based (WB) dosing of parenteral opiate medication, in relieving pain. Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial comparing a PSP versus WB protocol for patients presenting with VOCs to six EDs. Patients were randomized to a PSP or WB protocol prior to an ED visit. The SCD provider wrote their protocol and placed it in the electronic health record for future ED visits with VOC exclusion criteria that included preexisting PSP excluding parenteral opioid analgesia or outpatient use of buprenorphine or methadone or highly suspected for COVID‐19. Pain intensity scores, side effects, and safety were obtained every 30 min for up to 6 h post–ED bed placement. The primary outcome was change in pain intensity score from placement in an ED space to disposition or 6 h. Results: A total of 328 subjects were randomized; 104 participants enrolled (ED visit, target n = 230) with complete data for 96 visits. The study was unable to reach the target sample size and stopped early due to the impact of COVID‐19. We found no significant differences between groups in the primary outcome; patients randomized to a PSP had a shorter ED length of stay (p = 0.008), and the prevalence of side effects was low in both groups. Subjects in both groups experienced both a clinically meaningful and a statistically significant decrease in pain (27 mm on a 0‐ to 100‐mm scale). Conclusions: We found a shorter ED length of stay for patients assigned to a PSP. Patients in both groups experienced good pain relief without significant side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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