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The notion of data integrity is becoming increasingly important in the pharmaceutical industries. Incidents identified during inspections significantly increase and disrupt trust of health authorities and the general public. Publications, guides are disseminated through structures to clarify this emerging subject, to highlight its importance and to clarify regulatory requirements. Digitalization and technological progress are part of this industry and must be adapted to these new requirements. Recent modern tools such as the electronic batch file must comply with data integrity from the design phases to restore a high-performance quality system. Managing such a project is a complex task involving many stakeholders. Flexibility is required in the management of computerized systems to cope with these constant developments. Adjustments will be requested even once the system is active and validated through optimizations to perfect its use in a continuous improvement process., La notion de l'intégrité des données prend une place de plus en plus importante dans les industries pharmaceutiques. Des incidents relevés durant les inspections augmentent de manière significative et perturbent la confiance avec les autorités de santé et le grand public. Des publications, guides sont diffusés par des structures pour éclaircir ce domaine émergent, souligner son importance et préciser les exigences réglementaires. La digitalisation et le progrès technologique font partie de cette industrie et doivent se conformer à ces nouveaux besoins. Les récents outils modernes tels que le dossier de lot électronique doivent se conformer à l'intégrité des données dès les phases de conception pour rétablir un système qualité performant. Gérer un tel projet est une tâche complexe faisant intervenir de nombreux acteurs. Une certaine flexibilité est nécessaire dans la gestion de systèmes informatisés pour faire face à ces évolutions constantes. Des ajustements seront demandés même une fois le système actif et validé par le biais d'optimisations pour parfaire son usage dans un processus d'amélioration continue.

El trabajo descrito en este libro consiste en el diseño de un proyecto informático que pretende crear una plataforma digital de compraventa de materias primas secundarias como herramienta de impulso para la economía circular en la Comunidad de Madrid. Para ello se estudia la situación actual de la economía circular aplicada a la ciudad circular y su vinculación con la digitalización, fundamentando así la creación de un proyecto informático original en el territorio nacional de España. Para lograr el correcto desarrollo del proyecto, se ha delimitado el alcance al diseño de la planificación. La arquitectura de una estructura de datos multicapa desarrollada en un entorno cloud permite la flexibilidad que el proyecto necesita y posibilita una futura implementación mediante una metodología de desarrollo ágil, como es DevOps., The work described in this book consists of the design of an IT project that will enable a digital platform for the sale of secondary raw materials as a driving tool for the circular economy in the Community of Madrid. For this, the current situation of the circular economy applied to the circular city and its link with digitization is studied, thus basing the creation of an original IT project in the national territory of Spain. To achieve the correct development of the project, the scope has been delimited to the planning design. The architecture of a multilayer data structure developed in a cloud environment allows the flexibility that the project needs and enables its future implementation using an agile development methodology as it is DevOps., Máster Universitario en Dirección de Proyectos Informáticos (M133)

En este proyecto se pretende poner en práctica los conocimientos sobre metodologías ágiles y gestión de proyectos aprendidos a lo largo de la realización del Master. Se realizará una introducción a las metodologías ágiles, cuáles son sus principales características, qué metodologías existen y qué diferencias principales tienen con respecto a los métodos de trabajo tradicionales. A continuación, se llevará a cabo un estudio para decidir en qué tipo de proyectos es recomendable realizar un cambio en la metodología de trabajo y en cuáles es conveniente mantener una estructura tradicional. Es importante entender que no es tarea fácil para una organización llevar a cabo un cambio en su filosofía de trabajo. Por tanto, se indicarán algunas pautas a la hora de realizar el cambio ágil en una organización. Para finalizar, se van a estudiar algunos de los problemas más comunes cuando una organización inicia el viaje hacia la transformación ágil y cómo podrían solventarse., In this project, the knowledge about agile methodologies and project management learned during the completion of the Master will be put into practice. An introduction to agile methodologies, their main characteristics, existing methodologies and the main differences with respect to traditional work methods will be made. Next, a study will be carried out to decide in which type of projects it is advisable to make a change in the work methodology and in which it is advisable to maintain a traditional structure. It is important to understand that it is not an easy task for an organization to carry out a change in its work philosophy. Therefore, some guidelines will be indicated when making agile change in an organization. Finally, some of the most common problems when an organization begins the journey towards agile transformation and how they could be solved will be studied., Master Universitario en Dirección de Proyectos Informáticos (M133)

IT projects are characterized by high complexity, implementation of the latest technological solutions and specialized competence of contractors and high costs. The key element in IT project management is to have employees with appropriate substantive competencies (programmers, designers, analysts, etc.). Before starting an IT project, the IT project manager must answer the following questions: Do I have the right set of team competences to start the project? If the team lacks competence, then in what area and to what extent? The article proposes a model of employee competence configuration and a procedure for their verification in the context of IT project management. Also presented is the method of model implementation and numerous computational examples verifying its usefulness and effectiveness of implementation.

Máster Universitario en Dirección de Proyectos Informáticos (M133)

La dirección de proyectos y la gestión de equipos tal y como la conocemos actualmente está experimentando una transformación vertiginosa. La transformación tecnológica y su rápido desarrollo, las pandemias mundiales y el cambio climático demandan un cambio social profundo y efectivo que permita perpetuar la especie humana. Este cambio social tiene como base una concienciación real de las necesidades humanas, siendo la salud mental una de las más importantes. La prevención de los riesgos psicosociales de manera genérica, incluido el sector de las Tecnologías de la Información, ha sido una de las grandes olvidadas desde la revolución industrial y la instauración de los modelos productivos modernos. Está comprobado que las organizaciones que invierten en el bienestar laboral físico y mental de sus empleados tienen ratios de productividad mejores, menores índices de absentismo y mayor índice de retención de talento. Este trabajo pretende poner en el marco actual la importancia de la salud mental y la necesidad de su puesta en valor desde las organizaciones y desde nosotros mismos. Para ello comprenderemos que son los riesgos psicosociales y cuáles son los problemas derivados de ellos. Analizaremos estándares y marcos existentes basados en la salud mental de los trabajadores y propondremos una auditoría para poder conocer el estado de nuestra organización respecto a este tema., Project management and team management as we know it today is undergoing a rapid transformation. The technological transformation and its rapid development, global pandemics and climate change demand a profound and effective social change that will perpetuate the human species. This social change is based on a real awareness of human needs, with mental health being one of the most important. The prevention of psychosocial risks in a generic way, including in the Information Technology sector, has been one of the great forgotten issues since the industrial revolution and the establishment of modern production models. It has been proven that organisations that invest in the physical and mental well-being of their employees have better productivity ratios, lower absenteeism rates and higher talent retention rates. This work aims to put into the current framework the importance of mental health and the need to value it from the organizations and from ourselves. To do so, we will understand what the psychosocial risks are and what the problems derived from them are. We will analyse existing standards and frameworks based on the mental health of workers and propose an audit in order to know the state of our organisation with respect to this issue., Máster Universitario en Dirección de Proyectos Informáticos (M133)

This article discusses examples and results of using smart education and Design Thinking methods in teaching students enrolled in a university business school. Using these methods together in the classroom involves teamwork and collective participation in creative processes and decision-making. The article considers the case of the IT project management discipline of the bachelor’s program in business school. Typically, undergraduate students have no experience in creating IT products. Using the considered approach allows them to create a prototype of an IT product using a problem-based learning approach in training and rapid prototyping using modern software tools.

This article describes how the traditional teaching and learning activities over the years have been challenged to be agile - easily adaptable to changing classroom conditions. Despite this new phenomenon, there is a perceived paucity of agile-in-teaching research. Available studies neither focus on the use of agile principles beyond delivering software developmental courses. Research in this area has not provided longitudinal insights into the evolution of agile implementation in teaching and learning. Further, they lack a comprehensive evaluation of teaching and learning activities using agile principles. This article responds using an account of how agile principles guided the delivery of an IT Project Management course to three different student cohorts over three academic years. An evaluation of these activities demonstrates skillful adaptation of the principles to achieve learning outcomes. Implications of agile-in-the-classroom research are discussed.

Unacceptably low IT project success rates continue to be a persistent problem for organisations and the lack of business involvement in IT projects has been suggested as an important contributor to failures. Adopting a Resource Based View, this paper explores the concept of IT competence of business managers and teases out what the relative impact of each of the components of IT competence is on IT project success. Based on a survey of 108 business managers, results yielded surprising insights. In particular, knowledge of applications exerts a strong influence on project success.

Investigation into the causes for low IT project success rates has dominated both the IT project management literature and the focus of IT project management professionals for decades. Many factors, including a variety of hard skills and soft skills, have been proposed to have an effect on IT project success. This study presented 142 such factors, collected from the IT project management literature over the past 25 years, to members of the Project Management Institute in an effort to ascertain which of these factors had the most impact on IT project success in their respective organizations. Factors were classified into 5 groups: Communication Group, Project Manager/Team Group, Project Group, Organization Group and User Group. Results indicated that 71.8% of respondents agreed that Ability to Communicate at Multiple Levels from the Project Manager/Team Group was the most important factor critical to IT project success of the 142 factors under consideration.

Since IT projects have been the key to success in today’s competitive environment, the adoption of most appropriate tools for managing these projects is essential. Social media, such as wikis, blogs and microblogs, have emerged to facilitate knowledge management in new ways, and subsequently contribute to project success. However, companies underexplore these tools as support in project management. Some of the challenges faced by project managers are organizational culture, lack of familiarity with the tools and with data storage solutions. The objective of this paper is twofold: 1. Analyze the use of social media in project management, specifically in IT projects; and 2. Provide a research agenda for the use of social media in project management. This is an exploratory qualitative study based on hermeneutic approach. The literature review is based on academic papers published in the last 10 years and searchable by Google Scholar. The literature review shows that despite the potential of social media in project management, most of the empirical evidence presented in the literature so far involves adoption of a single tool or separate tools. The research agenda provides guidance for further research on the application of social media in IT project management (ITPM). This paper contributes to practice by offering project managers a broad view of how social media are being used and how they can be adopted in ITPM in the coming years.

Among the many aspects of IT personnel studied by the information systems (IS) research community, individual voluntary IT turnover is one of the most-examined phenomena. However, research into this phenomenon concentrates mainly on antecedents and cognitive precursors such as turnover intention. Antecedents are essential to understanding the turnover behavior of IT personnel, but they do not represent the complete IT turnover research. The consequences of individual voluntary IT turnover behavior, an important topic, have faded from the spotlight of the IS community. We investigate this by conducting a multidisciplinary scoping literature review of individual voluntary IT turnover behavior, with the focus on the consequences. The purpose of this review is to determine what is known about voluntary IT turnover behavior consequences and what research gaps exist in this research context. To make our review as rigorous as possible, we followed a systematic review approach, accompanied with transparent reporting of all steps of the review process. Our search strategy yielded 153 IT turnover studies, 14 of which consider IT turnover behavior consequences, concentrated primarily on IT project management. Drawing on the scoping review, our study also specifies a research agenda for future IT turnover behavior consequences research by highlighting knowledge gaps for potentially fruitful research directions.

The article deals with the problematic aspects of the IT projects’ management and the systematized methodologies and modelling tools of the IT projects’ risk managements. It is proved that the problems of management requirements and team collaboration are critical and require the use of simulation models at all stages of the development in order to reduce the project risks. The author proves the feasibility of using the agent-dynamic modelling approach at different levels of the hierarchy to improve the implementation of the IT projects.

The goal of the presented paper is to compare the different approaches of the Novartis Global IT project management in its four divisions. The basics of the project management with the focus on the global or international project management are described in the theoretical part. There are highlighted the ways of projects´ monitoring and evaluation. The history and the evolution of the project management in the context of used methods and approaches in various time periods in the particular divisions of the Novartis Global group are described in the analytical part. The comparison is used through the identification of positives and negatives of the analysed IT project management parameters. Currently we underline the importance of the communication within and outside of the projects with emphasis on the cultural differences in global project management. The results of the comparison are becoming essential for the recommendation for future project management plans in the Novartis Global group.

Software development enterprises are under consistent pressure to improve their management techniques and development processes. These are comprised of several disciplines like requirements acquisition, design, coding, testing, etc. that must be continuously improved and individually tailored to suit specific software development project. This paper presents an evaluation approach that enables the enterprises to increase development process net benefits by improving disciplines' quality and increasing developers' satisfaction. Our approach builds on Kano's model of quality. Based on an empirical study of top 1000 enterprises from Slovenia we find that application of software development methodologies in individual development disciplines significantly relates to net benefits of IT projects. The results show that different types of Kano quality are present in individual disciplines. Enterprises should be cautious when altering must-be quality disciplines like testing or deployment as they can significantly disrupt the established routines, cause great dissatisfaction between developers and significantly reduce benefits. On the other hand, changing the attractive quality disciplines like requirements acquisition can notably increase developers' satisfaction and benefits but is less likely to disrupt the established routines.

Maturity models define sets of levels or phases describing the development of observed object in a unique and hierarchically structured way. The existence of CMMI model leads to the development of other models and, consequently, to the development of maturity assessment systems. Maturity is attributed with a certain “maturity level” and relates to progressive improvement in performances. This paper discusses maturity assessment using the basic principles of PERT method, i.e., optimistic, pessimistic and most likely maturity assessment of an organization, directly implying that IT, project, and organizational maturity components, as well as demographic characteristics, significantly influence performance management in IT projects on the territory of the Republic of Serbia. IT, project, and organizational performances’ assessment enables implementation of the maturity measurement system in order to create an appropriate project management knowledge framework. This paper presents theoretical and practical implications.

Majority of the IT companies realized that ability to analyse and use data, could be one of the key factors for increasing of number of successful projects, portfolios, programs. Key performance indicators based on data analysis helps organizations be more prosperous in a long term perspective. Also, statistical data are very useful for monitoring and evaluation of project results which are very important for managers, delivery directors, CTO and others high level management of company. The Data Science methods could make more efficient project management in several of business problems. Analysis of historical data from the project life-cycle based on Data Science models could provide more efficient benefits for different stakeholders. Differential of the project data vector with target as an integral evaluation of the project success which allow for the complex correlations between separate features. Therefore, the influence of features importance and override creatures could be decreased on the target. This study propose new approach based on Data Science providing more efficient and accurately project management, taking into account best practices and project performance data.

IT projects are knowledge-intensive settings that involve specific management control challenges. Although the centrality of control systems is a recognized area in project management, the evidence regarding the relationship between the interactive use of project-level management control systems (MCS) and project performance is limited, and the findings are mixed. This study aims to understand the impact of the interactive use of project-level MCS on project performance in the context of IT projects. Drawing upon organizational learning theory and focusing on the mechanism of team learning behaviour, a study model is developed explaining how the interactive use of project-level MCS affects project performance. The contextual influence of the organizations’ emphasis on process accountability is also considered. Data was collected from a cross-sectional survey of 109 IT project managers working in Canadian and USA-based organizations. Using a hierarchical component reflective-formative measurement model in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the analysis showed that the team learning behaviour partially mediates the relationship between the interactive use of project-level MCS and project performance. Moreover, the organization’s emphasis on process accountability moderates the relationship between the interactive use of project-level MCS and team learning behaviour. Results also showed a conditional indirect effect of the interactive use of project-level MCS on project performance with the effect being stronger under the conditions of higher emphasis on process accountability. This study makes several contributions. First, this study extends the domain of organizational learning theory by using it as a lens to explain new theoretical relationships. Second, it advances the project control literature by explaining the mechanisms through which the interactive use of project-level MCS impacts project performance. Third, it addresses the lack of empirical studies about the application of MCS frameworks at the project level. Fourth, this study applies the interactive use of MCS as a reflective-formative construct in-line with its theoretical definition. Additionally, a scale is developed to measure perceptions about the organization’s emphasis on process accountability. Finally, this study informs project managers on how to improve their project performance by focusing on their style of use of MCS and the learning behaviour of their teams.

Artykuł prezentuje ocenę narzędzi do wspomagania zarządzania projektem informatycznym. Badania przeprowadzono za pomocą metody sondażu diagnostycznego na temat oceny wdrażania narzędzi do wspomagania zarządzania projektem informatycznym.

Most enterprises face difficulties in completing Information Technology projects as initially planned when outsourcing involvement is needed. Each enterprise has its own project management methodology. The unawareness of different processes and activities causes issues during projects as deliver delays. To improve projects smoothness within PepsiCo, the focused company in this thesis, an integrative framework was developed and applied in Information Technologies projects that deal with outsourcing companies within PepsiCo. The result was a framework that helps projects involving third parties with a smoother execution. Framework advantages include project progress facilitation and visual lifecycle comparison representation.

A szerző áttekintést nyújt az informatikai projektmenedzsment eszközökről és módszerekről a Magyar Nemzetbiztonsági Szakszolgálat gyakorlatában.

Supplemental data includes GBS data, genetic mapping data and contamination files.

BackgroundThe genus Aethionema is a sister-group to the core-group of the Brassicaceae family that includes Arabidopsis thaliana and the Brassica crops. Thus, Aethionema is phylogenetically well-placed for the investigation and understanding of genome and trait evolution across the family. We aimed to improve the quality of the reference genome draft version of the annual species Aethionema arabicum. Secondly, we constructed the first Ae. arabicum genetic map. The improved reference genome and genetic map enabled the development of each other.ResultsWe started with the initially published genome (version 2.5). PacBio and MinION sequencing together with genetic map v2.5 were incorporated to produce the new reference genome v3.0. The improved genome contains 203 MB of sequence, with approximately 94% of the assembly made up of called bases, assembled into 2,883 scaffolds. The N50 (10.3 MB) represents an 80-fold over the initial genome release. We generated a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population that was derived from two ecotypes: Cyprus and Turkey (the reference genotype. Using a Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) approach, we generated a high-density genetic map with 749 (v2.5) and then 632 SNPs (v3.0) was generated. The genetic map and reference genome were integrated, thus greatly improving the scaffolding of the reference genome into 11 linkage groups.ConclusionsWe show that long-read sequencing data and genetics are complementary, resulting in an improved genome assembly in Ae. arabicum. They will facilitate comparative genetic mapping work for the Brassicaceae family and are also valuable resources to investigate wide range of life history traits in Aethionema.

Major elaborations on sustainable development relating to the general economic sphere of various issue-related areas. Surprisingly little explicit guidance presenting this topic from the organizational side exists. To fill this gap, this paper attempts to propose and verify the concept of a sustainable approach to IT project management by involving the client at the stage of choosing the project management methodology. The research scope constitute IT projects, the subject of which was the development of software commissioned by the organization. The study aims to assess how the internal perspective of sustainability in IT projects, manifested in the matching of IT project management methodology to the client, affects the overall client’s satisfaction with the IT project, its products, and results. In the study, 64 IT projects implemented in Polish SME organizations were analyzed throughout their life cycle. The study has proved that introducing and improving the internal perspective of sustainability in IT projects, by matching an IT project management methodology to the client type is one of the key factors determining the level of client satisfaction and thus the assessment of the project’s success. The evaluation was made using the Servperv method by developing a measurement instrument dedicated to the IT project management area. Researches can use the proposed approach and the Servperv measuring tool to carry out similar analyses with different sample groups across other countries. The software industry can find results valuable and useful with regard to the IT project management improvement.

Today, organizations tailor the practices from several agile methodologies to serve their particular environment. But are there situations that drive how an organization should tailor methodologies...

In the maturing IT project management space, there are still many debates about the skills needed to achieve success. This article presents a review and synthesis of project management literature that highlights the potential conflict in goals and the measurement of “success” from three perspectives: project outcomes, project management processes, and the project manager's influence. Our review indicates that each perspective of success, defined by various stakeholders at various points in time, shifts the focus onto different skills and knowledge. Drawing upon this tri-focal lens, we propose a shift in focus on success to the intersection, or “sweet spot of project manager efficacy.”

The aim of this work is to give the definition and present the possibility of applying (introduced and defined here) ontotriggers to design the ontology of a maturity capsule used in the assessment of IT projects. The complexity of designing ontology processes raises the question of whether there is a need for designing ontologies in a situation where it is possible to map them. The work is divided into four main parts. The first part presents and defines the concept of an ontotrigger. The second part presents a model maturity capsule. Similarities to the maturity capsule of a project managed in accordance with the SCRUM methodology have also been indicated. The third part discusses the method of building ontologies for both capsules and indicates the possibility of mapping them. The fourth part presents the application of an ontotrigger which uses the ability to map both ontologies. In summary, the applicability of ontotriggers has been demonstrated for the design of ontologies of any class and their objects. The process of verifying this applicability for two maturity capsules: the model and SCRUM maturity capsules, showed that the design of ontologies for any IT project management method can be implemented through maturity capsule ontotriggers rather than designing new ontologies.