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4,279 results on '"Künzli, A."'

154. Improving Keeping for Octopuses by Testing Different Escape-Proof Designs on Tanks for 'Big Blue Octopus' (Octopus cyanea)

Author

Keishu Asada, Ryuta Nakajima, Takahiro Nishibayashi, Fabienne Ziadi-Künzli, Zdeněk Lajbner, Jonathan Miller, Tamar Gutnick, and Michael J. Kuba

Subjects
octopus keeping, octopus escape, octopus laboratory, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Octopus cyanea has a wide range of natural distribution and is interesting for scientific research. However, unlike Octopus vulgaris, the species is poorly studied, and few data exist on best practices for keeping them. One of the most common reasons for losing octopuses in human care is their ability to escape from holding tanks. Adult Octopus cyanea (n = 33) were locally collected in Okinawa throughout the year. All animals were housed at the laboratory facilities at the Marine Station of the Okinawa institute of Science and Technology. Animals were kept in a flow-through saltwater system in three different types of holding tanks ranging from 550 L to 600 L tanks or in 2000 L tanks, all with an environment enriched with clay pots or natural rocks as dens. They were fed a daily diet of dead fish or live or dead crustaceans ad libitum. To characterize the effectiveness of different keeping conditions, we compared escape attempts and non-natural deaths during the animals’ time under human care. We found that two types of tanks, the 600 L transparent acrylic glass tanks with weighted lids and the 2000 L tanks with synthetic grass lined walls, had significantly fewer escapes than the 550 L tanks.

Published
2021
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161. Association between exposure to multiple air pollutants, transportation noise and cause-specific mortality in adults in Switzerland

Author

Vienneau, D. Stafoggia, M. Rodopoulou, S. Chen, J. Atkinson, R.W. Bauwelinck, M. Klompmaker, J.O. Oftedal, B. Andersen, Z.J. Janssen, N.A.H. So, R. Lim, Y.-H. Flückiger, B. Ducret-Stich, R. Röösli, M. Probst-Hensch, N. Künzli, N. Strak, M. Samoli, E. de Hoogh, K. Brunekreef, B. Hoek, G. and Vienneau, D. Stafoggia, M. Rodopoulou, S. Chen, J. Atkinson, R.W. Bauwelinck, M. Klompmaker, J.O. Oftedal, B. Andersen, Z.J. Janssen, N.A.H. So, R. Lim, Y.-H. Flückiger, B. Ducret-Stich, R. Röösli, M. Probst-Hensch, N. Künzli, N. Strak, M. Samoli, E. de Hoogh, K. Brunekreef, B. Hoek, G.

Abstract

Background: Long-term exposure to air pollution and noise is detrimental to health; but studies that evaluated both remain limited. This study explores associations with natural and cause-specific mortality for a range of air pollutants and transportation noise. Methods: Over 4 million adults in Switzerland were followed from 2000 to 2014. Exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5 components (Cu, Fe, S and Zn), NO2, black carbon (BC) and ozone (O3) from European models, and transportation noise from source-specific Swiss models, were assigned at baseline home addresses. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for individual and area-level covariates, were used to evaluate associations with each exposure and death from natural, cardiovascular (CVD) or non-malignant respiratory disease. Analyses included single and two exposure models, and subset analysis to study lower exposure ranges. Results: During follow-up, 661,534 individuals died of natural causes (36.6% CVD, 6.6% respiratory). All exposures including the PM2.5 components were associated with natural mortality, with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.026 (1.015, 1.038) per 5 µg/m3 PM2.5, 1.050 (1.041, 1.059) per 10 µg/m3 NO2, 1.057 (1.048, 1.067) per 0.5 × 10–5/m BC and 1.045 (1.040, 1.049) per 10 dB Lden total transportation noise. NO2, BC, Cu, Fe and noise were consistently associated with CVD and respiratory mortality, whereas PM2.5 was only associated with CVD mortality. Natural mortality associations persisted < 20 µg/m3 for PM2.5 and NO2, < 1.5 10–5/m BC and < 53 dB Lden total transportation noise. The O3 association was inverse for all outcomes. Including noise attenuated all outcome associations, though many remained significant. Across outcomes, noise was robust to adjustment to air pollutants (e.g. natural mortality 1.037 (1.033, 1.042) per 10 dB Lden total transportation noise, after including BC). Conclusion: Long-term exposure to air pollution and transportation noise in Switzerla

Published
2023

162. Mindfulness Focused Stress Management Chatbot (MISHA) for Students: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Author

Ulrich, Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-5828, Lienhard, Natascha; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2737-3222, Künzli, Hansjörg; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3432-8349, Kowatsch, Tobias; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-4145, Ulrich, Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-5828, Lienhard, Natascha; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2737-3222, Künzli, Hansjörg; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3432-8349, and Kowatsch, Tobias; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-4145

Published
2023

163. A smartphone-based chatbot coach to facilitate a balanced lifestyle in individuals with headaches (BalanceUP App) : randomized controlled trial

Author

Ulrich, Sandra, Gantenbein, Andreas R., Zuber, Viktor, von Wyl, Agnes, Kowatsch, Tobias, Künzli, Hansjörg, Ulrich, Sandra, Gantenbein, Andreas R., Zuber, Viktor, von Wyl, Agnes, Kowatsch, Tobias, and Künzli, Hansjörg

Abstract

Currently submitted to: Journal of Medical Internet Research Date Submitted: Jun 27, 2023 Open Peer Review Period: Jun 21, 2023 - Aug 16, 2023, Background: Primary headaches, including migraine and tension-type headaches (TTH), are widespread and have a social, physical, mental, and economic impact. They occur mainly during productive years (ie, between ages of 25 and 55). One of the key components of treatment are behavior interventions such as lifestyle modification. Scalable conversational agents (CAs) offer the potential to deliver behavior interventions at low threshold. To our knowledge, there is no evidence on behavioral interventions delivered by CAs for the treatment of headaches. Objective: This study aimed (1) to develop and test a smartphone-based coaching intervention (BalanceUP) for people suffering from frequent headaches, delivered by a conversational agent (CA), and designed to improve mental well-being by various behavior change techniques, and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness by comparing the intervention and control group, and to assess the engagement and acceptance of participants using BalanceUP. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, adults with frequent headaches were recruited from a non-clinical setting and allocated to either a CA intervention (BalanceUP) or control condition. The effect of the treatment on changes on primary outcome mental well-being (PHQ ADS), and secondary outcomes (psychosomatic symptoms, stress, headache-related self-efficacy, intention to change behavior, presentism and absenteeism, pain coping) were assessed using Linear Mixed Models and Cohen d. Primary and secondary outcomes were assessed pre- and post-intervention, engagement during and acceptance post-intervention. Results: A total of 198 participants (mean age 38.7, SD 12.14; 86.9% women) were recruited online and in collaboration with experts and allocated to the intervention (n=110), and control group (n=88). Post-intervention, the intention to threat (ITT) analysis revealed very strong evidence for improved well-being (treatment: est/beta –3.28, 95% CI –5.07 to –1.48) with moderate between-grou

Published
2023

164. Resilienzförderung und Burnout-Prävention : eine qualitative Untersuchung über Wahrnehmung und Entwicklungspotenziale im Arbeitsalltag von Sozialarbeitenden

Author

Künzli, Stephanie and Künzli, Stephanie

Abstract

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Wahrnehmung der Thematiken Resilienz und Burnout bei Sozialarbeitenden. Durch die Verknüpfung bestehender Literatur mit der Grounded Theory in Triangulation mit der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wurde der Frage nachgegangen, was mögliche Handlungsempfehlungen hinsichtlich Resilienzförderung und Burnout-Prävention im Arbeitsalltag von Sozialarbeitenden sein könnten. Damit wurde das Ziel verfolgt, Entwicklungspotenziale aufzuzeigen und die Relevanz potenziell zu entwickelnder Präventionsprogramme zu untermauern. Zudem soll ein Beitrag zur Enttabuisierung von Burnout und zur Sensibilisierung der psychischen Gesundheit geleistet werden. Es wurden Expert:inneninterviews mit sechs Sozialarbeitenden durchgeführt. Ziel dieser Interviews war, Erfahrungen bezüglich Wahrnehmung und Konfrontation mit Burnout, Herausforderungen des Arbeitsalltags bzw. Folgen davon, Resilienzfaktoren in unterschiedlichen Kontexten sowie mögliche Verbesserungsvorschläge hinsichtlich Burnout-Prävention abzufragen. Die Ergebnisse wurden zuerst kategorienbasiert dargestellt, woraus sich durch weitere offene Codierung und Verdichtung die Phänomene «Gratwanderung», «Verständnis» und «Engagement» abbilden liessen. Diese wurden daraufhin axial codiert, um tiefere Erkenntnisse zu erlangen. Die Ergebnisse legen Entwicklungspotenziale hinsichtlich der Wahrnehmung und dem Umgang mit der Burnout-Thematik auf institutioneller, gesellschaftlicher und politischer Ebene dar. Es wurde deutlich, dass Konzepte der Resilienzförderung in der sozialarbeiterischen Praxis kaum Anwendung finden. Auch besteht in der Gesellschaft ein negatives Bild über das Berufsfeld der Sozialen Arbeit sowie über Professionelle, die in diesem Berufsfeld tätig sind. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen ist die Soziale Arbeit dazu angehalten, Aufklärungs- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit in dieser Hinsicht zu leisen. Ferner bilden sich diverse Anknüpfungspunkte für weiterführende Forschungsarbeit ab, welch

Published
2023

165. Dynamic approach to IoT security : a new security solution for IoT

Author

Schläpfer, Tobias, Lorenz, David, Künzli, Simon, Schläpfer, Tobias, Lorenz, David, and Künzli, Simon

Abstract

Today's security solutions for IoT applications remain static in an ever-changing environment, making applications insecure and vulnerable to ever-growing cyber threats. The static solutions make credential life-cycle management difficult and lack proper protection of APIs. Overall, they weaken the security of not only the IoT devices but all components involved. A more dynamic approach to the security of IoT applications is required. IoThentix has developed a token-based approach to device authentication that not only allows IoT devices to access protected APIs according to state-of-the-art standards but also enables dynamic management of device credentials. As a result, it significantly improves the credential life-cycle management and the security of the entire IoT application.

Published
2023

166. AVT und Politik

Author

Künzli, Alexander, Kaindl, Klaus, Gottlieb, Henrik, Künzli, Alexander, Kaindl, Klaus, and Gottlieb, Henrik

Published
2023

167. Scalable Preparation of 1‐Aminoethyl Oxindoles From Simple Benzaldehydes.

Author

Bürki, Cédric, Diethelm, Stefan, D'Aiuto, Fabio, Künzli, Marco, Mathieu, Gaëlle, and Schmitt, Christine

Abstract

Oxindoles are prevalent structures in natural products and pharmaceutically active molecules. To support structure–activity‐relationship (SAR) studies in a medicinal chemistry program, we developed a straightforward and scalable synthesis route to 1‐aminoethyl oxindole building blocks harboring various types of substituents. Our strategy relies on an intramolecular Buchwald–Hartwig amidation of a 2‐bromophenylacetic amide precursor. The cyclization substrates can be prepared from readily available benzaldehydes by ortho‐selective C(sp2)−H bromination followed by homologation to the corresponding phenylacetic acid derivatives. The process was optimized to allow for preparation of 246 g of one representative example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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174. Spatial variation of PM elemental composition between and within 20 European study areas — Results of the ESCAPE project

Author

Tsai, Ming-Yi, Hoek, Gerard, Eeftens, Marloes, de Hoogh, Kees, Beelen, Rob, Beregszászi, Timea, Cesaroni, Giulia, Cirach, Marta, Cyrys, Josef, De Nazelle, Audrey, de Vocht, Frank, Ducret-Stich, Regina, Eriksen, Kirsten, Galassi, Claudia, Gražuleviciene, Regina, Gražulevicius, Tomas, Grivas, Georgios, Gryparis, Alexandros, Heinrich, Joachim, Hoffmann, Barbara, Iakovides, Minas, Keuken, Menno, Krämer, Ursula, Künzli, Nino, Lanki, Timo, Madsen, Christian, Meliefste, Kees, Merritt, Anne-Sophie, Mölter, Anna, Mosler, Gioia, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Pershagen, Göran, Phuleria, Harish, Quass, Ulrich, Ranzi, Andrea, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Sokhi, Ranjeet, Stempfelet, Morgane, Stephanou, Euripides, Sugiri, Dorothea, Taimisto, Pekka, Tewis, Marjan, Udvardy, Orsolya, Wang, Meng, and Brunekreef, Bert

Published
2015
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176. Long-term effects of elemental composition of particulate matter on inflammatory blood markers in European cohorts

Author

Hampel, Regina, Peters, Annette, Beelen, Rob, Brunekreef, Bert, Cyrys, Josef, de Faire, Ulf, de Hoogh, Kees, Fuks, Kateryna, Hoffmann, Barbara, Hüls, Anke, Imboden, Medea, Jedynska, Aleksandra, Kooter, Ingeborg, Koenig, Wolfgang, Künzli, Nino, Leander, Karin, Magnusson, Patrik, Männistö, Satu, Penell, Johanna, Pershagen, Göran, Phuleria, Harish, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Pundt, Noreen, Schaffner, Emmanuel, Schikowski, Tamara, Sugiri, Dorothea, Tiittanen, Pekka, Tsai, Ming-Yi, Wang, Meng, Wolf, Kathrin, and Lanki, Timo

Published
2015
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187. Pharmacological treatment of asthma in a cohort of adults during a 20-year period: results from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey I, II and III

Author

Christer Janson, Simone Accordini, Lucia Cazzoletti, Isa Cerveri, Sebastien Chanoine, Angelo Corsico, Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, David Gislason, Rune Nielsen, Ane Johannessen, Rain Jogi, Andrei Malinovschi, Jesús Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, Alessandro Marcon, Isabelle Pin, Jennifer Quint, Valerie Siroux, Enrique Almar, Valeria Bellisario, Karl A. Franklin, José A. Gullón, Mathias Holm, Joachim Heinrich, Dennis Nowak, José Luis Sánchez-Ramos, Joost J. Weyler, Deborah Jarvis, The members of the ECRHS I scientific team., P. Burney, S. Chinn, C. Luczynska, D. Jarvis, E. Lai, P. Vermeire, H. Kesteloot, J. Bousquet, D. Nowak, J. Prichard, R. de Marco, B. Rijcken, J.M. Anto, J. Sunyer, J. Alves, G. Boman, N. Nielsen, P. Paoletti, M. Abramson, J. Kutin, F. van Bastelaer, R. Jõgi, A. Taytard, I. Pin, C. Pison, F. Neukirch, R. Liard, J. Knani, H-E. Wichmann, J. Heinrich, H. Magnussen, T. Gislason, D. Gislason, A. Marinoni, I. Cerveri, M. Bugiani, C. Bucca, C. Romano, L. Cascio, C. Campello, J. Droste, M. Kerkhof, A. Gulsvik, E. Omenaas, J. Martinez-Moratalla, E. Almar, A. Mateos, M. Arévalo, A. Sánchez, M. Vizcaya, X. Aguilar, A. Teixidó, J.M. Antó, M. Kogevinas, F. Burgos, J. Castellsagué, J. Roca, JB. Soriano, A. Tobías, N. Muiñozguren, J. Ramos González, A. Capelastegui, J. Maldonado Pérez, A. Pereira, J. Sánchez, J. Quiros, I. Huerta, F. Payo, N. Lindholm, P. Plaschke, C. Janson, E. Björnsson, L. Rosenhall, E. Norrman, B. Lundbäck, U. Ackermann-Liebrich, N. Küenzli, A. Perruchoud, M. Burr, J. Layzell, R. Hall, B. Harrison, The members of the ECRHS II scientific team., J. Knox, M. Wjst, N. Kuenzli, E.H. Walters, J. Raven, J. Weyler, M. van Sprundel, V. Nelen, A. Soon, C. Raherison, J. Ferran-Quentin, B. Leynaert, M. Zureik, P.J. Bousquet, C. Frye, I. Meyer, E. Bjornsson, K.B. Jörundsdóttir, S. Villani, M. Ponzio, F. Frigerio, M. Comelli, M. Grassi, A. Corsico, R. Bono, P. Piccioni, E. Caria, A. Carosso, E. Migliore, G. Castiglioni, G. Verlato, E. Zanolin, S. Accordini, A. Poli, V. Lo Cascio, M. Ferrari, I. Cazzoletti, C. Svanes, B. Laerum, J. Martinez-Moratalla Rovira, C. Boix, G. González, J.M. Ignacio García, J. Solera, J. Damián, J.P. Zock, X. Basagaña, A. Jaen, C. Acosta, N. Muñozguren, J. Ramos, I. Urrutia, U. Aguirre, J. Maldonado, J.L. Sanchez, A. de la Vega, L. Palenciano, J. Azofra, A. Cañada, K. Toren, L. Lillienberg, A.C. Olin, B. Balder, A. Pfeifer-Nilsson, R. Sundberg, D. Norback, G. Wieslander, M. Gunnbjornsdottir, M. Soderberg, K.A. Franklin, B. Lundback, B. Forsberg, L. Nystrom, B. Dibbert, M. Hazenkamp, M. Brutsche, D. Seaton, The members of the ECRHS III scientific team., M. Tumilty, J. Potts, T. Gislasson, T. Rochat, B. Leyneart, G. Benke, S. Dharmage, B. Thompson, S. Kaushik, M. Matheson, H. Bentouhami, H. Orru, P.O. Girodet, V. Siroux, J. Ferran, J.L. Cracowski, P. Demoly, A. Bourdin, I. Vachier, D. Soussan, D. Courbon, C. Neukirch, L. Alavoine, X. Duval, I. Poirier, E. Becker, G. Woelke, O. Manuwald, A-M. Kirsten, B. Benediktsdottir, E.S. Arnardottir, M. Clausen, G. Gudmundsson, L. Gudmundsdottir, H. Palsdottir, K. Olafsdottir, S. Sigmundsdottir, K. Bara-Jörundsdottir, A. Grosso, F. Albicini, E. Gini, E.M. Di Vincenzo, V. Ronzoni, F. Campanella, M. Gnesi, F. Manzoni, L. Rossi, O. Ferraro, R. Tassinari, V. Bellisario, G. Trucco, L. Calciano, L. Cazzoletti, A.M. Fratta Pasini, F. Locatelli, P. Marchetti, A. Marcon, E. Montoli, G. Nguyen, M. Olivieri, C. Papadopoulou, C. Posenato, G. Pesce, P. Vallerio, H.M. Boezen, A. Johannessen, T. Skorge, F. Gomez Real, S. García, A. Núñez, P. López, R. Sánchez, E. Mancebo, J-M. Antó, J. Garcia-Aymerich, A.E. Carsin, C. Sanjuas, S. Guerra, B. Jacquemin, P. Davdand Galdakao, S. Pascual, J. Antonio Maldonado, J.L. Sánchez, L. Palacios, N. Sánchez, M. Fernández, B. Robles, K. Torén, M. Holm, J-L. Kim, A-C. Olin, A. Dahlman-Höglund, L. Braback, L. Modig, B. Järvholm, K.A. Bertilsson, H. Franklin, C. Wahlgreen, B. Andersson, U. Spetz Nystrom, G.M. Bodinaa Lund, K. Nisser, N.M. Probst-Hensch, N. Künzli, D. Stolz, C. Schindler, J.M. Gaspoz, E. Zemp Stutz, M. Adam, C. Autenrieth, I. Curjuric, J. Dratva, A. Di Pasquale, R. Ducret-Stich, E. Fischer, L. Grize, A. Hensel, D. Keidel, A. Kumar, M. Imboden, N. Maire, A. Mehta, H. Phuleria, M. Ragettli, M. Ritter, E. Schaffner, G.A. Thun, A. Ineichen, T. Schikowski, M. Tarantino, M. Tsai, S. Kapur, R. Newson, N. Innes, and A. Wilson

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Asthma often remains uncontrolled, despite the fact that the pharmacological treatment has undergone large changes. We studied changes in the treatment of asthma over a 20-year period and identified factors associated with the regular use of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment. Changes in the use of medication were determined in 4617 randomly selected subjects, while changes in adults with persistent asthma were analysed in 369 participants. The study compares data from three surveys in 24 centres in 11 countries. The use of ICSs increased from 1.7% to 5.9% in the general population and the regular use of ICSs increased from 19% to 34% among persistent asthmatic subjects. The proportion of asthmatic subjects reporting asthma attacks in the last 12 months decreased, while the proportion that had seen a doctor in the last 12 months remained unchanged (42%). Subjects with asthma who had experienced attacks or had seen a doctor were more likely to use ICSs on a regular basis. Although ICS use has increased, only one-third of subjects with persistent asthma take ICSs on a regular basis. Less than half had seen a doctor during the last year. This indicates that underuse of ICSs and lack of regular healthcare contacts remains a problem in the management of asthma.

Published
2019
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188. Untersuchung sprachlicher Praktiken in Familien und im Kindergarten: Methodologische und theoretische Grundlagen

Author

Dieter Isler and Sibylle Künzli

Subjects
Bildungsungleichheit, Sprachliche und literale Praktiken, Familie, Kindergarten, Rekonstruktive Sozialforschung, Sprachdidaktik, Bildungssoziologie, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

In der Schweiz besteht schon beim Schuleintritt ein starker Zusammenhang zwischen der sozialen Herkunft der Kinder und ihren sprachlichen Leistungen. Über familiäre Bildungserfahrungen und sprachliche Förderung in vorschulischen Einrichtungen ist aber noch sehr wenig bekannt. Der Beitrag befasst sich deshalb mit methodischen und theoretischen Grundlagen für die Erforschung sprachlicher Praktiken. Im ersten Teil werden methodologische Prämissen und Implikationen behandelt. Im zweiten Teil stellen wir unser theoretisches Verständnis von Sprache als sozialer Praxis dar und veranschaulichen es anhand von exemplarischen Daten aus dem Projekt «Lernwelten – literacies». Abschliessend werden Perspektiven für die sprachdidaktische Unterrichtsforschung und die Professionalisierung von Lehrpersonen skizziert.

Published
2018
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189. Alltagsgespräche im Kindergarten – Gelegenheitsstrukturen für den Erwerb bildungssprachlicher Fähigkeiten

Author

Dieter Isler, Sibylle Künzli, and Esther Wiesner

Subjects
Sprachliche Bildungsprozesse, Bildungsungleichheit, Kindergarten, formales und informelles Gespräch, Interaktionsanalysen, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

Im Projekt «Prozesse der Sprachförderung im Kindergarten (ProSpik)»1 werden Gespräche zwischen Lehrpersonen und Kindern gefilmt und sequenzanalytisch ausgewertet, um ihre Potenziale für den Erwerb und die Förderung bildungssprachlicher Fähigkeiten zu untersuchen. Ziel ist es, Grundlagen für eine stufengerechte (integrierte, situations- und themenorientierte) Sprachdidaktik zu erarbeiten, die Bildungsungleichheit nicht reproduziert, sondern zu ihrem Abbau beiträgt. Der vorliegende Beitrag informiert über die Grundlagen und die Anlage des Projekts sowie über den Arbeitsstand nach einem Jahr. Im ersten Abschnitt geht es um Sprache und Bildungsungleichheit, den Kindergarten in der Deutschschweiz und um Sprachförderung 4- bis 6-jähriger Kinder. Im zweiten Abschnitt wird das Projekt vorgestellt und theoretisch sowie methodologisch verortet. Der dritte Abschnitt gibt einen exemplarischen Einblick in die Auswertungsarbeiten. Abgeschlossen wird der Beitrag mit einer Verortung der Ergebnisse im Tagungsthema.

Published
2018
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191. How to Conceptualize and Implement a PhD Program in Health Sciences—The Basel Approach

Author

Franziska Keller, Suzanne Dhaini, Matthias Briel, Sina Henrichs, Christoph Höchsmann, Daniel Kalbermatten, Nino Künzli, Annette Mollet, Christian Puelacher, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Belinda von Niederhäusern, and Sabina De Geest

Subjects
Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objectives: Over the past decade, several excellent guidelines have been published on how to enhance the quality of PhD education in Europe. Aimed primarily at preparing students for innovative roles in their fields, they include variously structured approaches to curricular offerings, as well as other program components applicable across specialties (eg: supervisor support, scientific conduct, transferable skills). Since 2012, the interdisciplinary PhD Program in Health Sciences (PPHS) at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Basel in Switzerland has focused on translating these guidelines into a 21st-century health sciences PhD program. Results: The PPHS started in 2012 based on the European Union (EU) guidelines for PhD education. This article describes the resulting interdisciplinary PhD program’s conceptual underpinnings, rationale, structures, and 10 building blocks, like student portfolios, thematic training, interdisciplinary research seminars, student-initiated interdisciplinary activities, financial support of course participation, top-up and extension stipends, PhD supervision, research integrity, alumni follow-up network, and promotional tools including a dedicated website. Students enter from Clinical Research, Medicine Development, Nursing Science, Epidemiology and Public Health including Insurance Medicine, Sport Science (all from the Faculty of Medicine), and Epidemiology (Faculty of Science). Discussion and Conclusion: The Basel PPHS exemplifies state-of-the-art PhD education in Health Sciences based on European guidelines and offers guidance to other groups from conceptualization to rollout of an interdisciplinary health sciences PhD program.

Published
2018
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193. Umweltfaktoren

Author

Künzli, N., Kriemler, S., Braun-Fahrlnder, Ch., Probst-Hensch, N., von Mutius, Erika, editor, Gappa, Monika, editor, Eber, Ernst, editor, and Frey, Urs, editor

Published
2013
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195. Manual für die Kodierung von Fragetypen und Fragesequenztypen im Coaching

Author

Graf, Eva-Maria, Künzli, Hansjörg, Spranz-Fogasy, Thomas, Calasso, Lara, Dionne, Frédérick, Fleischhacker, Melanie, and Hinzmann, Sandra

Subjects
interdisziplinäre Forschung, Kodiermanual, psychological research, questioning sequences, Business coaching, interdisciplinary research, Fragesequenzen, psychologische Forschung, Fragen, coding manual, linguistic research, questions, linguistische Forschung
Abstract

Das vorliegende Manual dient der Beschreibung und Bewertung einer coachingspezifischen Typologie von Fragen und, darauf aufbauend, der durch diese Fragen kontextualisierten Fragesequenzen. Mittels eines interdisziplinären psychologischen und linguistisch-gesprächsanalytischen Ansatzes wird ein Rating-Instrument zur qualitativen und quantitativen Erfassung von Fragen und Fragesequenzen im Coachingprozess entwickelt. Ziel ist es, weniger gelingende von besser gelingenden Sequenzen zu unterscheiden. Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, dass gelingende Sequenzen zum Gesamterfolg des Gesprächs beitragen. Das Gelingen der Fragesequenzen wird mit Hilfe der Responsivität von Coach und Coachee bewertet. Responsivität bezieht sich auf die sprachlichen Handlungen beider Gesprächsteilnehmer*innen (Graf & Dionne 2021) und wird in diesem Manual sowohl auf der Ebene einzelner Sequenzpositionen als auch der Gesamtsequenz verstanden. Die Responsivität der Gesprächsteilnehmer*innen sowie das Gelingen der Fragesequenzen wird in Bezug auf die Organisationsstruktur des Coachinggesprächs betrachtet. Gegenstand des Manuals sind dyadische Coachinggespräche zwischen Coaches und Coachees aus dem Bereich des berufsbezogenen Coachings. Fragen der Coaches dienen als Ausgangspunkt (target action) (Peräkylä 2019) für die Bildung einer Fragesequenz., Graf Eva-Maria, Künzli Hansjörg, Spranz-Fogasy Thomas, Calasso Lara, Dionne Frédérick, Fleischhacker Melanie, Hinzmann Sandra, Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF) I – 4990 G, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) 447538923, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds (SNF) 100019E_194162

Published
2023

196. Additional file 1 of Association between exposure to multiple air pollutants, transportation noise and cause-specific mortality in adults in Switzerland

Author

Vienneau, Danielle, Stafoggia, Massimo, Rodopoulou, Sophia, Chen, Jie, Atkinson, Richard W., Bauwelinck, Mariska, Klompmaker, Jochem O., Oftedal, Bente, Andersen, Zorana J., Janssen, Nicole A. H., So, Rina, Lim, Youn-Hee, Flückiger, Benjamin, Ducret-Stich, Regina, Röösli, Martin, Probst-Hensch, Nicole, Künzli, Nino, Strak, Maciek, Samoli, Evangelia, de Hoogh, Kees, Brunekreef, Bert, and Hoek, Gerard

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Study population selection. Table S2. Exposure distributions. Table S3. Spearman correlations between exposures (top), and between exposures and neighbourhood socio-economic position (SEP) score (bottom). Table S4. Mean exposure by quintiles of neighbourhood socio-economic position. Table S5. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for single exposure associations between air pollution and noise exposures and mortality by cause, with increasing level of covariate adjustment in single exposure models. Table S6. Effect modification by sex, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) in two exposure models for associations with natural cause mortality (Model 3). Table S7. Non-mover analysis, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) in two exposure models for associations with natural cause mortality (Model 3).

Published
2023
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197. Mortality attributable to ambient fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide in Switzerland in 2019: use of two-pollutant effect estimates

Author

Alberto Castro, Nino Künzli, Kees de Hoogh, Ron Kappeler, Meltem Kutlar Joss, Danielle Vienneau, and Martin Röösli

Subjects
Biochemistry, General Environmental Science
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Air pollution health risk assessments have traditionally used single-pollutant effect estimates for one proxy ambient air pollutant such as PM(2.5). Two-pollutant effect estimates, i.e. adjusted for another correlated pollutant, theoretically enable the aggregation of pollutant-specific health effects minimizing double-counting. Our study aimed at estimating the adult mortality in Switzerland in 2019 attributable to PM(2.5) from a single-pollutant effect estimate and to the sum of PM(2.5) and NO(2) from two-pollutant estimates; comparing the results with those from alternative global, European and Swiss effect estimates. METHODS: For the single-pollutant approach, we used a PM(2.5) summary estimate of European cohorts from the project ELAPSE, recommended by the European Respiratory Society and International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ERS-ISEE). To derive the two-pollutant effect estimates, we applied ELAPSE-based conversion factors to ERS-ISEE PM(2.5) and NO(2) single-pollutant effect estimates. Additionally, we used World Health Organization 2021 Air Quality Guidelines as counterfactual scenario, exposure model data from 2019 and Swiss lifetables. RESULTS: The single-pollutant effect estimate for PM(2.5) (1.118 [1.060; 1.179] per 10 mug/m(3)) resulted in 2240 deaths (21,593 years of life lost). Using our derived two-pollutant effect estimates (1.023 [1.012; 1.035] per 10 mug/m(3) PM(2.5) adjusted for NO(2) and 1.040 [1.023; 1.058] per 10 mug/m(3) NO(2) adjusted for PM(2.5)), we found 1977 deaths (19,071 years of life lost) attributable to PM(2.5) and NO(2) together (23% from PM(2.5)). Deaths using alternative effect estimates ranged from 1042 to 5059. DISCUSSION: Estimated premature mortality attributable to PM(2.5) alone was higher than to both PM(2.5) and NO(2) combined. Furthermore, the proportion of deaths from PM(2.5) was lower than from NO(2) in the two-pollutant approach. These seemingly paradoxical results, also found in some alternative estimates, are due to statistical imprecisions of underlying correction methods. Therefore, using two-pollutant effect estimates can lead to interpretation challenges in terms of causality.

Published
2023
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